CN111219767A - Electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response - Google Patents
Electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response Download PDFInfo
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- CN111219767A CN111219767A CN201911199772.1A CN201911199772A CN111219767A CN 111219767 A CN111219767 A CN 111219767A CN 201911199772 A CN201911199772 A CN 201911199772A CN 111219767 A CN111219767 A CN 111219767A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/005—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant by means of a heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response, which is applied to the field of regional comprehensive energy systems mainly using heat supply and comprises the following steps: on the load demand side, the indoor and outdoor heat exchange conditions of heat users are considered, the room temperature is maintained in a comfortable temperature range by adopting a PID control method, and heat flow supplied to the room by heating equipment is obtained; on the transmission and distribution side of a heat supply network, a heat supply network model meeting the Fourier law is established to describe the heat conduction process by adopting a thermoelectric analogy method, and the heat output of the cogeneration unit is obtained; on the heat source supply side, the heat and power output of the system is arranged by operating in a mode of 'fixing the power by heat', when heat generation can meet the requirement, the cogeneration unit can also provide certain electric energy, a thermal power plant energy system control model is established, when the heat load changes, the system can timely regulate and control the gas quantity of the unit, and the system productivity can be calculated according to the model. The invention can realize the coordinated dispatching of the source-network-load system and improve the heat supply quality to users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response, which is applied to the field of regional comprehensive energy systems mainly based on heat supply.
Background
The cleanness, the high efficiency and the safety are the main requirements of the transformation of the modern energy system, and the comprehensive energy system has a special position in the energy revolution of China. In the heating industry, a distributed cogeneration unit using natural gas as primary energy replaces a centralized coal-fired unit for heating, and the distributed cogeneration unit is an important direction for building a comprehensive energy system. In consideration of the energy utilization characteristics of urban and rural residential users in northern areas and industrial park users with heat supply demands, a comprehensive energy system mainly for heat supply becomes an important infrastructure.
The topological structure of a typical electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system mainly based on heat supply comprises a cogeneration unit, a heat supply network and a load, and can be combined with various energy sources. Different forms of energy flow have different transmission characteristics, so that the optimization decision of the source-network-load integrated system is more complex, and a new challenge is provided for real-time accurate allocation according to the heat load requirement of a user. The method is used for establishing the integral dynamic model for the multi-energy flow regulation and control of the comprehensive energy system, is beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency of the multi-energy complementary system, and meets the actual energy utilization requirements of users to ensure the comfort level of the living environment. On the load demand side, application of Internet of things technologies such as temperature measurement and automatic control provides basic conditions for realization of accurate supply; on the heat supply network transmission and distribution side, the heat supply network which is interconnected and communicated can improve the heat supply flexibility and the system extensibility; on the heat source supply side, the gas turbine has higher reliability as a distributed power supply, the access mode is more flexible, and multiple benefits can be realized.
At present, the research on the overall dynamic model of the comprehensive energy heating system taking a cogeneration unit as a heat source is not mature, the regulation value of a heating demand side is neglected, and the supply and demand balance of energy in the system is not realized from regulating the heat supply of a terminal so as to meet the requirement of the flexibility and comfort of a user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response, which not only solves the problem of 'source-network-load' integral modeling of combined multi-variety energy, but also provides a control method for real-time allocation of energy flow of a cogeneration system based on a 'fixed power by heat' strategy. The invention can realize the coordinated dispatching of the system and improve the heat supply quality to users. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electricity-gas-heat integrated energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response comprises the following steps:
step 1: on the load demand side, the indoor and outdoor heat exchange conditions of the heat users are considered, the room temperature is maintained in a comfortable temperature range by adopting a PID control method, and the heat flow supplied to the room by the heating equipment is obtained.
Step 2: and on the transmission and distribution side of the heat supply network, a heat supply network model meeting the Fourier law is established by adopting a thermoelectric analogy method to describe the heat conduction process, so that the heat output of the cogeneration unit is obtained.
And step 3: on the heat source supply side, the heat and power output of the system is arranged by operating in a mode of 'heating for power fixation', and the heat and power cogeneration unit can provide certain electric energy while the heat generation can meet the requirement. And (3) establishing a thermal power plant energy system control model, wherein when the thermal load changes, the system can timely regulate and control the gas quantity of the unit, and the system capacity can be calculated according to the model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electric-gas-heat integrated energy system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the electric-gas-heat integrated energy system of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the complete electro-pneumatic-thermal integrated energy system considering thermal load demand response consists of 3 parts: the system comprises a cogeneration unit control part, a heat supply network heat transmission part and a load heating load control part. The system adopts a strategy of 'deciding power by heat', and is designed to control the heat output of the cogeneration unit according to the heat supply requirement of a user side. The specific steps for solving the technical problem are as follows:
step 1: on the load demand side, the indoor and outdoor heat exchange conditions of the heat users are considered, the room temperature is maintained in a comfortable temperature range by adopting a PID control method, and the heat flow supplied to the room by the heating equipment is obtained.
Because the temperature difference exists between the indoor and the outdoor, the building can store certain heat and simultaneously dissipate part of the heat. The formula for embodying the heat exchange dynamic process of the building wall is as follows:
wherein rho, c and lambda are respectively the density, specific heat capacity and heat conductivity coefficient of the building wall material.
The formula is utilized to construct a PID control model, and an outdoor temperature predicted value T is inputoKeeping at room temperature TiAt the vicinity of a given value, and obtaining the heat quantity Q required by the user indoorL。
Step 2: and on the transmission and distribution side of the heat supply network, a heat supply network model meeting the Fourier law is established by adopting a thermoelectric analogy method to describe the heat conduction process, so that the heat output of the cogeneration unit is obtained. The heat network model comprises a primary pipe network, a heat exchanger, a secondary pipe network and heating equipment, and all links are connected in series to obtain a heat supply branch.
(1) A heating equipment model: the heating equipment (such as heating radiators and the like) is a terminal for supplying heat energy to the secondary pipe network, and the hot water conducts the heat energy to the pipe wall of the heating equipment and transfers the heat energy to indoor air through the processes of convection and radiation heat transfer. Equivalent thermal resistance R for embodying heat exchange process between hot water and indoor air in modeltrObtaining the water temperature T at the inlet of the heating equipmenttriThe expression is:
Ttri＝Ti+RtrQL
(2) a heat exchanger model: the fluid in the primary pipe network transfers heat energy to the secondary pipe network through the heat exchanger, and the circulating water in the secondary pipe network is heated to T degree through the analysis of the heat supply requirement of the user sideco. By controlling the heat capacity flow G of the secondary side of the heat exchanger2Controlling heat transfer quantity Q of heat exchangerheAnd the primary side inlet steam temperature T of the heat exchanger is obtainedhiWherein the secondary side inlet temperature T of the heat exchanger is assumedciIs a known measurement. The solving formula is as follows:
Thi＝Tci+RheQhe
wherein R isheIs the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat exchanger model.
(3) Thermal pipeline model: the dynamic thermodynamic pipeline model takes into account the time delay and heat dissipation in the fluid transfer process. The differential equation describing the dynamic process of heat loss of high-temperature steam in the pipeline in the conveying process is as follows:
where A, L are the cross-sectional area and length of the tubing, respectively, and K, G, v are the steam heat transfer coefficient, heat capacity flow, and flow rate, respectively.
The time needed by a certain infinitesimal body flowing through the pipeline is delta t ═ L/v, the model obtains the temperature change and the heat transportation state of the infinitesimal body by applying a delay link, and then the steam temperature and the heat transfer capacity at the outlet of the pipeline can be obtained.
Steam heat capacity flow G conveyed by controlling primary pipe network1Finally, the total heat flow of the inlet of the heat supply network meeting the requirements is obtained as a heat load predicted value signal QrefAnd transmitting to the heat source side unit.
And step 3: on the heat source supply side, a cogeneration unit, an asynchronous generator set and a lithium bromide absorption heat pump form an energy system of the thermal power plant, the operation of the mode of 'fixing power by heat' is adopted to arrange the thermoelectric output of the system, and the unit can provide certain electric energy while the heat generation can meet the requirement. And a combined heat and power system control model is established, when the heat load changes, the system can timely regulate and control the gas quantity of the unit, and the system capacity can be calculated according to the model.
(1) A cogeneration unit model: the heat and power cogeneration unit is the core of a heat source system, and the invention selects a gas turbine with a single shaft structure. The control model comprises speed control, temperature control and gas quantity control, and the obtained control signals are input into the gas turbine model to obtain the output power and the mechanical torque of the unit. The control principle mainly applies a PI control method.
When the load changes to cause the deviation of the rotating speedThe speed control model can change the gas quantity to make the rotating speed stable. Predicting the heat load value QrefThe given value of the output power of the system and the rotation speed deviation delta omega are used as feedback signals, and a control signal F with the output quantity of fuel gas demand is obtained after model operationv。
The temperature control model plays a role in protecting the gas turbine, and the gas quantity of the unit needs to be controlled to maintain the temperature of the combustion chamber within a reasonable range so as to ensure the working stability and the service life of the unit. The model input quantity is a given temperature value TrefAnd gas consumption WfThe output quantity is a gas demand control signal F determined by the control modulet。
The gas quantity can meet the operation requirement by selecting the minimum value of signals obtained by speed control and temperature control, and the finally output gas flow W is obtained from the minimum value through a valve regulation linkf。
The gas turbine model comprises a gas compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, a time delay link is used for simplifying a complex thermodynamic process generated during fuel transmission and combustion, and a solving formula of mechanical torque and mechanical power output by a system is as follows:
Tm＝k1+k2Wf-k3Δω
Pm＝Tmω
where ω is the gas turbine speed, k1、k2、k3Is a constant.
(2) An asynchronous generator set model: the asynchronous motor model has been widely researched, and the invention is directly applied and is not detailed.
(3) Lithium bromide absorption heat pump model: the invention selects the first type of lithium bromide absorption heat pump, on one hand, the steam extracted from the cogeneration unit is used as a high-grade heat source, and on the other hand, the circulating water is used as a low-grade heat source, thereby improving the return water temperature of the heat supply network. The heat transfer capacity of the device can be obtained by applying the corresponding formula:
QAC＝COP·Qin
wherein Q isACHeat pump heating capacity, COP heating capacityCoefficient, QinThe heat of the driving heat source consumed by the heat pump.
Therefore, by adopting the control method of the invention, the heat source side unit can obtain corresponding heat supply according to the heat load given value signal.
Therefore, the regulation and control method of the electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system considering the heat load demand response is obtained.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system regulation and control method considering heat load demand response is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) on the load demand side, the indoor and outdoor heat exchange conditions of heat users are considered, the room temperature is maintained in a comfortable temperature range by adopting a PID control method, and heat flow supplied to the room by heating equipment is obtained;
(2) on the transmission and distribution side of a heat supply network, a heat supply network model meeting the Fourier law is established to describe the heat conduction process by adopting a thermoelectric analogy method, and the heat output of the cogeneration unit is obtained;
(3) and on the heat source supply side, an energy system control model of the thermal power plant is established, when the heat load changes, the system can timely regulate and control the gas quantity of the unit, and the system capacity can be calculated according to the model.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1) is implemented by taking into account the heat exchange between the indoor and outdoor of the heat consumer at the load demand side, maintaining the room temperature within a comfortable temperature range by using a PID control method, obtaining the heat flow supplied to the indoor by the heating equipment, constructing a PID control model according to a formula representing the dynamic process of heat exchange of the wall body of the building, inputting a predicted value of the outdoor temperature, maintaining the room temperature near a given value, and obtaining the heat demanded by the indoor of the heat consumer.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the electricity-gas-heat comprehensive energy system in consideration of heat load demand response according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), a heat network model meeting a Fourier law is established on the transmission and distribution side of a heat network by adopting a thermoelectric analogy method to describe the heat conduction process, the heat output of a cogeneration unit is obtained, and a heating equipment model is established to describe the process of transferring heat to indoor air through convection and radiation heat transfer processes after hot water is input to conduct heat to the wall of a heating equipment pipe; establishing a heat exchanger model to reflect the process that fluid in the primary pipe network transfers heat energy to the secondary pipe network through the heat exchanger; and finally, establishing a thermal pipeline model, considering time delay and heat loss in the fluid transmission process, and finally obtaining the total heat flow of the heat supply network inlet meeting the requirements as a heat load predicted value signal to be transmitted to the heat source side unit.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3), a thermal power plant energy system control model is established on the heat source supply side, when the thermal load changes, the system can timely control the gas flow of the unit, the system capacity can be calculated according to the model, firstly, a cogeneration unit model is established, a gas turbine with a single shaft structure is selected, the control model comprises speed control, temperature control and gas flow control, the obtained control signal is input into the gas turbine model, the output power and the mechanical torque of the unit can be obtained, and the control principle mainly uses a PI control method; and finally, establishing a lithium bromide absorption heat pump model to obtain the heat supply capacity of the equipment.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112180797A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2021-01-05 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Measurement and control device and measurement and control method of comprehensive energy system |
| CN113834111A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Control method of natural gas distributed energy system |
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| CN106845701A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of integrated energy system optimization method based on heat supply network and house thermal inertia |
| FR2995667B1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2018-08-31 | Societe Muller & Cie | METHOD FOR DEFROSTING A HEAT PUMP FROM A HEATING FACILITY |
| CN108599266A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of Demand Side Response dispatching method under the hot multipotency stream coupling of electric-gas- |
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- 2019-11-29 CN CN201911199772.1A patent/CN111219767A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101672203A (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2010-03-17 | 华北电力大学 | Adjusting method for heating steam of cogeneration system |
| FR2995667B1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2018-08-31 | Societe Muller & Cie | METHOD FOR DEFROSTING A HEAT PUMP FROM A HEATING FACILITY |
| CN106845701A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of integrated energy system optimization method based on heat supply network and house thermal inertia |
| CN108599266A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of Demand Side Response dispatching method under the hot multipotency stream coupling of electric-gas- |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113834111A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Control method of natural gas distributed energy system |
| CN112180797A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2021-01-05 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Measurement and control device and measurement and control method of comprehensive energy system |
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