CN110474335B - Comprehensive energy system operation method based on evaluation criterion - Google Patents
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation criterion-based operation method of a comprehensive energy system, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing a sub-supply system model, and calculating the electricity purchasing quantity and the fuel consumption quantity of the sub-supply system; then establishing a comprehensive energy system model with two modes of 'fixing power with heat' and 'fixing heat with electricity', and respectively calculating the electricity purchasing amount and the fuel consumption amount of the comprehensive energy system; three evaluation indexes of the system are established: primary energy consumption, operating costs, CO2The method comprises the steps of reducing the discharge capacity, integrating three indexes to establish a comprehensive evaluation index, and determining the operation mode of a comprehensive energy system by calculating the application conditions of two main operation modes of a cooling, heating and power system, so that the utilization rate of system energy is optimal, and the method is more economical and energy-saving than the operation modes of electricity for heat determination and electricity for heat determination. The invention well solves the problem of resource waste caused by inconsistent load randomness and partial load characteristics of the unit when a certain operation mode is adopted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of combined cooling heating and power systems, and particularly relates to an evaluation criterion-based operation method of a comprehensive energy system.
Background
An Integrated Energy System (IES) has the characteristics of modularization and decentralization, is a high-efficiency and reliable energy conversion unit arranged around a user side, and a power supply of the IES mainly comprises an internal combustion engine, a micro gas turbine, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation and the like, so that the IES can realize near power generation, near grid connection, near conversion and near use of scattered energy, and effectively improve the comprehensive utilization of energy. The development of the comprehensive energy system breaks through the traditional energy system architecture, becomes an important link for linking the energy production links of various forms to the energy consumption links of terminal users, and creates a good technical support platform and a resource allocation center for the coordinated operation and advantage complementation among various energy sources.
The combined cooling heating and power system is a comprehensive energy system with the most potential and prospect, is a comprehensive energy production and energy utilization distributed system established on the basis of energy gradient utilization, is usually installed near an end user end, firstly utilizes primary energy to drive an engine to generate electricity, and then recycles waste heat through various waste heat utilization devices, thereby simultaneously providing power, refrigeration, heating, domestic hot water and the like for users. The operation mode of the comprehensive energy system containing combined supply of cold, heat and electricity mainly comprises a power supply with fixed heat (FEL) and a power supply with fixed heat (FTL). The method comprises the following steps of firstly meeting the heat requirement (cold and hot load) of a system in a heat power ordering mode, determining the power output of the system through a thermoelectric ratio, and meeting the shortage of power by purchasing power from a large power grid; the electric heating mode is used for firstly meeting the power requirement of the system, so that the heat output of the system is determined, and the insufficient heat is supplied by the afterburning boiler. For a combined cooling heating and power system, when the load demand thermoelectric ratio is the same as that of a generator set, the utilization rate of energy is optimal, but the load randomness and the partial load characteristics of the generator set cause inconsistency, and resource waste is caused when a certain operation mode is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an evaluation criterion-based operation method of a comprehensive energy system, which is characterized in that when the evaluation criterion is fixed, the economical efficiency and the environmental protection property of the operation of the comprehensive energy system are improved by calculating the applicable conditions of two main operation modes of a cooling, heating and power system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the comprehensive energy system operation method based on the evaluation criterion comprises the following steps:
step 10) establishing a model of a sub-supply System (SP), firstly determining the power consumption of the electric refrigerator as follows:
in the formula, COPecRepresenting the coefficient of performance, P, of the electric refrigeratorecRepresents the input power of the electric refrigerator, unit: kW; qCLRepresents the system cooling load, unit: kW.
The fuel consumed by the boiler is then determined as:
in the formula, FboilerNatural gas, which represents the consumption of a gas boiler, unit: cubic meter; qrhRepresents heat exchanger input heat, in units: kW; η SP builder represents the efficiency of the gas boiler.
Then, determining that the power purchased by the power grid is as follows:
Pgrid＝PEL+Pec (3)
in the formula, PgridRepresenting the amount of electricity purchased from the grid, in units: kW; pELIs the electrical load of the system, unit: kW.
The fuel consumed by the system is then determined, only the gas boiler consuming:
Fm＝Fboiler (4)
in the formula, FmFuel, expressed as system consumption, unit: cubic meter.
Converting the purchase electricity into corresponding fuel consumption:
in the formula, EmRepresenting the conversion of the purchase electricity into the corresponding fuel consumption, unit: standSquare rice.
Step 20) establishing a model of operation with electric fixed heat (FEL), first determining that the power load required by the system is satisfied by the gas turbine:
PMT＝PEL (6)
in the formula, PMTRepresenting the turbine output, in units: kW; pELIs the power load unit required by the whole system: kW. In the electric constant heat mode of operation, the electricity generated by the gas turbine is equal to the electrical load required by the building.
The fuel F consumed by the gas turbine is then determinedMTComprises the following steps:
in the formula etaMTIs the efficiency of the gas turbine, FMTFuel, expressed as gas turbine consumed, unit: cubic meter.
Then determining the heat quantity Q recovered by the heat recovery systemrhsComprises the following steps:
Qrhs＝(FMT-PMT)ηrhs＝FMT(1-ηMT)ηrhs (8)
in the formula etarhsIs the efficiency of the heat recovery system, QrhsRepresents the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery system, in units: kW.
The heat Q required for the adsorption refrigerator is then determinedracComprises the following steps:
in the formula, QracRepresents the heat required by the adsorption refrigerator, unit: kW; qCLIs the cooling load of the system, in units: kW; COPacIs the coefficient of performance of an absorption chiller.
The heat Q required by the heat exchanger is then determinedrhComprises the following steps:
in the formula, QrhRepresents the heat required by the heat exchanger, in units: kW; qHLIs the heat load, unit: kW; etaheIs the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
The integrated energy system needs to meet the cold and heat demands of the user side while supplying power. If the heat recovered by the heat recovery system is not sufficient, the system will often meet the remaining portion of the heat demand by an augmented gas boiler.
The equivalent thermal load is then determined:
Qreq＝Qrac+Qrh (11)
wherein Q isreqIs the equivalent thermal load, in units: kW.
There are two possibilities:
if Qrhs≥Qreq then Qboiler＝0 (12)
if Qrhs＜Qreq then Qboiler＝Qrac+Qrh-Qrhs (13)
determining the fuel consumed by the gas boiler as follows:
the fuel consumed by the entire system is then determined to be:
Fm＝FMT+Fboiler (15)
and finally, determining that the electricity purchasing quantity from the system to the large power grid is as follows:
Pgrid＝0 (16)
in the formula, PgridThe method is characterized in that the power purchasing amount of the system to a large power grid is expressed in a unit: kW.
Step 30) establishing a heat-to-power (FTL) operation model, and firstly determining the heat quantity Q recovered by the heat recovery systemrhsComprises the following steps:
Qrhs＝Qreq＝Qrac+Qrh (17)
since the waste heat recovered by the system is known, the fuel F consumed by the gas turbineMTComprises the following steps:
in the operation mode of the fixed-power by heat, the heat required by the system is satisfied by the waste heat recovered from the gas turbine in each operation period.
Determining the output P of a gas turbineMTComprises the following steps:
PMT＝FMTηMT (19)
under this operating strategy, the electricity generated by the gas turbine is unlikely to meet the system requirements, and the shortfall is partially met by buying electricity from the large grid. There are two cases:
if PMT＜PEL then Pgrid＝PEL-PMT (20)
if PMT≥PEL then Pexcess＝PMT-PEL (21)
in the formula, PexcessIs the excess electricity produced by the gas turbine, in units: kW; may be sold to the grid or stored for future use.
Finally, determining the consumption of the system fuel as follows:
Fm＝FMT (22)
step 40) from the analysis of step 20), step 30) it can be seen that when the power demand of the system and the heat demand of the system are different, the system may need to purchase electricity or supplement the heat demand by adding a gas boiler, so when electricity needs to be purchased or the boiler needs to be supplemented is a critical issue.
Rated heat-electricity ratio of gas turbine as heat supply Q of unitrhsGenerating capacity P of the unitMTThe ratio is calculated as follows:
in the formula, epsilonNIndicating the rated heat to power ratio of the gas turbine.
Determining the load demand thermoelectric ratio:
KL＝Qreq/PEL (24)
in the formula, KLRepresenting the load demand thermoelectric ratio.
For the operational mode of the FTL, the electricity purchase situation is: pEL-PMT>0 (i.e. P)EL-Qreq·ηMT/(1-ηMT)ηrhs>0) After finishing, Q is obtainedreq/PEL<εN。
For the FEL mode of operation, the case where the boiler requires afterburning is: qreq-Qhrs>0 (i.e. Q)req-PEL·(1-ηMT)·ηrhs/ηMT>0) After finishing, Q is obtainedreq/PEL>εN。
Step 50) first establishing a Primary Energy Consumption (PEC) evaluation index:
PEC＝kfFm+kePgrid (25)
in the formula, PEC represents a primary energy consumption index, kfRepresents the primary energy consumption coefficient, k, of the natural gas of the systemeAnd representing the primary energy consumption coefficient of the power grid.
Build operating COST (COST):
COST＝CfFm+CePgrid (26)
wherein COST represents a system running COST index, CfRepresenting the system operating coefficient, CeRepresenting the grid operating cost factor.
Establishing CO2 emission (CDE) indexes:
CDE＝μfFm+μePgrid (27)
in the formula, CDE represents a system CO2An emission index; mu.sfRepresents the integrated system CO2 emission coefficient, μeRepresenting the grid CO2 emission factor.
Establishing a comprehensive evaluation Index (IPC), synthesizing three indexes of a formula (25), a formula (26) and a formula (27), and determining the comprehensive evaluation Index (IPC):
in the formula, ω1、ω2、ω3Representing the weight coefficients. Omega1+ω2+ω3＝1，ω1∈(0,1)，ω2∈(0,1)，ω3E (0, 1); IPC represents a comprehensive evaluation index.
(1)KL>εNIn this case, in the FTL case, power is not required to be purchased from the grid, but in the FEL case, a gas boiler needs to be additionally generated.
From KL>εNWhen, KL/εN>1 is always true, if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL, i.e. Δ E>0, need ηboiler>ηrAnd the heating efficiency of the boiler is generally higher than that of the integrated energy system power generation equipment in actual operation, so the operation mode of the FEL is better than that of the FTL in the condition.
(2)KL<εNAt this time, power is required to be purchased from the power grid in the FTL operation mode, but the power-increasing gas boiler is not required in the FEL mode.
When K isL<εNWhen, KL/εNIs always less than 1, so in this case if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL, i.e. Δ E>0, need (k)m-kgridηMT) I.e. when km/kgrid<ηMTIn the meantime, the FEL operation mode is better than the FTL operation mode, whereas the FTL operation mode is better than the FEL.
From the above analysis it was concluded that:
when KL>εNWhen or when KL<εNAnd k ism/kgrid<ηMTThe FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
when KL<εNAnd k ism/kgrid>ηMTIn time, the FTL mode of operation is superior to the FEL mode of operation.
When the evaluation index is determined in actual operation, a better operation mode of the FEL and the FTL is selected after the judgment, and the system operates in the operation mode, so that the performance of the system is optimal.
Unlike the above single evaluation index, when a plurality of indexes are combined, the combined evaluation index thereof can be written as:
derived from equation (31):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
let KF＝k11+k12+k13，KE＝k12+k22+k32If the above formula is converted to IPC ═ KF·Fm+KE·Egrid. It can be seen that similar to the form derived above, similar conclusions can then be drawn from the above analysis:
when KL>εNWhen or when KL<εNAnd K isF/KE<ηMTThe FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
when KL<εNAnd K isF/KE>ηMTIn time, the FTL mode of operation is superior to the FEL mode of operation.
Further, in step 40), the following are assumed:
1) the utilization rate of the waste heat generated by the comprehensive energy system is one hundred percent;
2) the efficiency of each device in actual operation is kept unchanged, and the device is operated without failure in an optimization period;
3) the power output by each device is continuous;
4) in each operation mode, the system can only purchase electricity from the power grid and cannot sell electricity.
Further, in step 20), step 30) and step 40), the equipment parameter is selected to be etaMT＝0.25，COPac＝0.7，ηrhs＝0.8，ηboiler＝0.8，COPec＝03.0，ηhe＝0.8，μe＝968，μf＝220，ke＝3.336，kf＝1.047，Cf＝0.19，Ce＝0.93。
Further, in step 50), it is default that the smaller the value of the evaluation index IPC, the better, but the larger the value of the evaluation index, the better, the opposite is concluded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides an evaluation criterion-based operation method of a comprehensive energy system, which is based on two modes of 'electricity by heat' and 'heat by electricity', selects a better operation mode of 'electricity by heat' and 'heat by electricity' after judgment, and enables the system to operate in the operation mode so as to optimize the performance of the system. The 'electricity ordering by heat' is based on heat demand, the power output of the system is given, and the insufficient power part is satisfied by purchasing power from a large power grid; "electric constant heat" is the heat output given to the system based on the electricity demand, and the insufficient heat is supplied by the after-burning boiler. Firstly, a separate supply system model is establishedCalculating the electricity purchasing quantity and the fuel consumption quantity of the distribution system; then establishing a comprehensive energy system model with two modes of 'fixing power with heat' and 'fixing heat with electricity', and respectively calculating the electricity purchasing amount and the fuel consumption amount of the comprehensive energy system; three evaluation indexes of the system are established: primary energy consumption, operating costs, CO2The discharge capacity is reduced, the comprehensive evaluation index is established by integrating the three indexes, and the utilization rate of system energy is optimized by calculating the application conditions of two main operation modes of the cooling, heating and power system, so that the system is more economical and energy-saving than the operation modes of electricity for heat determination and electricity for heat determination. The problem that due to the randomness of the load and the partial load characteristics of the unit, the load and the unit are often inconsistent, and when a certain operation mode is adopted, resource waste is often caused is well solved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a working principle diagram of the comprehensive energy system containing combined cooling, heating and power supply of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the dispensing system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a thermoelectric ratio curve of the gas turbine of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the evaluation criteria based operation strategy of the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention relates to an evaluation criterion-based operation method of a comprehensive energy system, belonging to the field of comprehensive energy systems. The working principle is that after fuel is combusted in a combustion chamber, gas passes through a gas turbine to drive the gas turbine to work, high-temperature flue gas after acting is recovered by a heat recovery system, enters an adsorption refrigerator for refrigeration in summer and enters a heat exchanger for heat supply in winter, insufficient heat (the cold and hot load is converted into the heat demand) is supplemented by a gas boiler, and insufficient power load is met by purchasing electricity from a large power grid. The working principle diagram is shown in figure 1. For a conventional split-supply system, the cold load demand is satisfied by an electric chiller, the heat generated by a gas boiler is passed through a heat exchanger to satisfy the system heat demand, and the system's electrical load and the electrical power required by the electric chiller are purchased from a large power grid, the schematic of which is shown in fig. 2.
The graph of the heat-to-power ratio of a gas turbine is shown in fig. 3, ideally with the heat-to-power demand of the system just on the line, where the energy of the system is fully utilized, but it is clear that this is not practical for the system to be at a slope k ═ epsilonNAt the above point, if the system adopts the FTL operation mode, the system will generate redundant electric power; if the FEL operation mode is adopted, the heat recovered by the system cannot meet the heat requirement and needs to be met by an additional gas boiler, such as a point A in the figure. And for a position on the slope k ═ epsilonNIf the system adopts the FTL operation method, the power generated by the system cannot meet the needs of the user side, and therefore, the power needs to be purchased from the large power grid, whereas if the FEL is adopted, the system generates excessive heat, as shown in point B in the figure.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for operating a combined cooling heating and power micro grid based on model predictive control according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step 10) establishing a model of a sub-supply System (SP), firstly determining the power consumption of the electric refrigerator as follows:
in the formula, COPecRepresenting the coefficient of performance, P, of the electric refrigeratorecIndicating electric refrigerator inputPower, unit: kW; qCLRepresents the system cooling load, unit: kW.
The fuel consumed by the boiler is then determined as:
in the formula, FboilerNatural gas, which represents the consumption of a gas boiler, unit: cubic meter; qrhRepresents heat exchanger input heat, in units: kW; η SP builder represents the efficiency of the gas boiler.
Then, determining that the power purchased by the power grid is as follows:
Pgrid＝PEL+Pec (3)
in the formula, PgridRepresenting the amount of electricity purchased from the grid, in units: kW; pELIs the electrical load of the system, unit: kW.
The fuel consumed by the system is then determined, only the gas boiler consuming:
Fm＝Fboiler (4)
in the formula, FmFuel, expressed as system consumption, unit: cubic meter.
Converting the purchase electricity into corresponding fuel consumption:
in the formula, EmRepresenting the conversion of the purchase electricity into the corresponding fuel consumption, unit: cubic meter.
Step 20) establishing a model of operation with electric fixed heat (FEL), first determining that the power load required by the system is satisfied by the gas turbine:
PMT＝PEL (6)
in the formula, PMTRepresenting the turbine output, in units: kW; pELIs the power load unit required by the whole system: kW. In the electric constant-heat operation mode, the electricity generated by the gas turbine is equal to the electricity generated by the generatorThe electrical load required by the building.
The fuel F consumed by the gas turbine is then determinedMTComprises the following steps:
in the formula etaMTIs the efficiency of the gas turbine, FMTFuel, expressed as gas turbine consumed, unit: cubic meter.
Then determining the heat quantity Q recovered by the heat recovery systemrhsComprises the following steps:
Qrhs＝(FMT-PMT)ηrhs＝FMT(1-ηMT)ηrhs (8)
in the formula etarhsIs the efficiency of the heat recovery system, QrhsRepresents the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery system, in units: kW.
The heat Q required for the adsorption refrigerator is then determinedracComprises the following steps:
in the formula, QracRepresents the heat required by the adsorption refrigerator, unit: kW; qCLIs the cooling load of the system, in units: kW; COPacIs the coefficient of performance of an absorption chiller.
The heat Q required by the heat exchanger is then determinedrhComprises the following steps:
in the formula, QrhRepresents the heat required by the heat exchanger, in units: kW; qHLIs the heat load, unit: kW; etaheIs the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
The integrated energy system needs to meet the cold and heat demands of the user side while supplying power. If the heat recovered by the heat recovery system is not sufficient, the system will often meet the remaining portion of the heat demand by an augmented gas boiler.
The equivalent thermal load is then determined:
Qreq＝Qrac+Qrh (11)
wherein Q isreqIs the equivalent thermal load, in units: kW.
There are two possibilities:
if Qrhs≥Qreq then Qboiler＝0 (12)
if Qrhs＜Qreq then Qboiler＝Qrac+Qrh-Qrhs(13)
determining the fuel consumed by the gas boiler as follows:
the fuel consumed by the entire system is then determined to be:
Fm＝FMT+Fboiler (15)
and finally, determining that the electricity purchasing quantity from the system to the large power grid is as follows:
Pgrid＝0 (16)
in the formula, PgridThe method is characterized in that the power purchasing amount of the system to a large power grid is expressed in a unit: kW.
Step 30) establishing a heat-to-power (FTL) operation model, and firstly determining the heat quantity Q recovered by the heat recovery systemrhsComprises the following steps:
Qrhs＝Qreq＝Qrac+Qrh (17)
since the waste heat recovered by the system is known, the fuel F consumed by the gas turbineMTComprises the following steps:
in the operation mode of the fixed-power by heat, the heat required by the system is satisfied by the waste heat recovered from the gas turbine in each operation period.
Determining the output P of a gas turbineMTComprises the following steps:
PMT＝FMTηMT (19)
under this operating strategy, the electricity generated by the gas turbine is unlikely to meet the system requirements, and the shortfall is partially met by buying electricity from the large grid. There are two cases:
if PMT＜PEL then Pgrid＝PEL-PMT (20)
if PMT≥PEL then Pexcess＝PMT-PEL (21)
in the formula, PexcessIs the excess electricity produced by the gas turbine, in units: kW; may be sold to the grid or stored for future use.
Finally, determining the consumption of the system fuel as follows:
Fm＝FMT (22)
step 40) from the analysis of step 20), step 30) it can be seen that when the power demand of the system and the heat demand of the system are different, the system may need to purchase electricity or supplement the heat demand by adding a gas boiler, so when electricity needs to be purchased or the boiler needs to be supplemented is a critical issue.
Rated heat-electricity ratio of gas turbine as heat supply Q of unitrhsGenerating capacity P of the unitMTThe ratio is calculated as follows:
in the formula, epsilonNIndicating the rated heat to power ratio of the gas turbine.
Determining the load demand thermoelectric ratio:
KL＝Qreq/PEL (24)
in the formula, KLRepresenting the load demand thermoelectric ratio.
For the operational mode of the FTL, the electricity purchase situation is: pEL-PMT>0 (i.e. P)EL-Qreq·ηMT/(1-ηMT)ηrhs>0) After finishing, Q is obtainedreq/PEL<εN。
For the FEL mode of operation, the case where the boiler requires afterburning is: qreq-Qhrs>0 (i.e. Q)req-PEL·(1-ηMT)·ηrhs/ηMT>0) After finishing, Q is obtainedreq/PEL>εN。
Step 50) first establishing a Primary Energy Consumption (PEC) evaluation index:
PEC＝kfFm+kePgrid (25)
in the formula, PEC represents a primary energy consumption index, kfRepresents the primary energy consumption coefficient, k, of the natural gas of the systemeAnd representing the primary energy consumption coefficient of the power grid.
Build operating COST (COST):
COST＝CfFm+CePgrid (26)
wherein COST represents a system running COST index, CfRepresenting the system operating coefficient, CeRepresenting the grid operating cost factor.
Establishing CO2 emission (CDE) indexes:
CDE＝μfFm+μePgrid (27)
in the formula, CDE represents a system CO2An emission index; mu.sfRepresents the integrated system CO2 emission coefficient, μeRepresenting the grid CO2 emission factor.
Establishing a comprehensive evaluation Index (IPC), synthesizing three indexes of a formula (25), a formula (26) and a formula (27), and determining the comprehensive evaluation Index (IPC):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,ω1、ω2、ω3representing the weight coefficients. Omega1+ω2+ω3＝1，ω1∈(0,1)，ω2∈(0,1)，ω3E (0, 1); IPC represents a comprehensive evaluation index.
(1)KL>εNIn this case, in the FTL case, power is not required to be purchased from the grid, but in the FEL case, a gas boiler needs to be additionally generated.
From KL>εNWhen, KL/εN>1 is always true, if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL, i.e. Δ E>0, need ηboiler>ηrAnd the heating efficiency of the boiler is generally higher than that of the integrated energy system power generation equipment in actual operation, so the operation mode of the FEL is better than that of the FTL in the condition.
(2)KL<εNAt this time, power is required to be purchased from the power grid in the FTL operation mode, but the power-increasing gas boiler is not required in the FEL mode.
When K isL<εNWhen, KL/εNIs always less than 1, so in this case if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL, i.e. Δ E>0, need (k)m-kgridηMT) I.e. when km/kgrid<ηMTIn the meantime, the FEL operation mode is better than the FTL operation mode, whereas the FTL operation mode is better than the FEL.
From the above analysis it was concluded that:
when KL>εNWhen or when KL<εNAnd k ism/kgrid<ηMTThe FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
when KL<εNAnd k ism/kgrid>ηMTIn time, the FTL mode of operation is superior to the FEL mode of operation.
When the evaluation index is determined in actual operation, a better operation mode of the FEL and the FTL is selected after the judgment, and the system operates in the operation mode, so that the performance of the system is optimal.
Unlike the above single evaluation index, when a plurality of indexes are combined, the combined evaluation index thereof can be written as:
derived from equation (31):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
let KF＝k11+k12+k13，KE＝k12+k22+k32If the above formula is converted to IPC ═ KF·Fm+KE·Egrid. It can be seen that similar to the form derived above, similar conclusions can then be drawn from the above analysis:
when KL>εNWhen or when KL<εNAnd K isF/KE<ηMTThe FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
when KL<εNAnd K isF/KE>ηMTIn time, the FTL mode of operation is superior to the FEL mode of operation.
To sum up, the method firstly establishes a distribution system model and calculates the electricity purchasing quantity and the fuel consumption quantity of the distribution system; then, the comprehensive energy of 'fixing the electricity by heat' and 'fixing the heat by electricity' is establishedThe source system model is used for respectively calculating the electricity purchasing amount and the fuel consumption amount of the comprehensive energy system; three evaluation indexes of the system are established: primary energy consumption, operating costs, CO2The method comprises the steps of reducing the discharge capacity, integrating three indexes to establish a comprehensive evaluation index, and determining the operation mode of a comprehensive energy system by calculating the application conditions of two main operation modes of a cooling, heating and power system, so that the utilization rate of system energy is optimal, and the method is more economical and energy-saving than the operation modes of electricity for heat determination and electricity for heat determination. The problem of resource waste caused by the fact that a certain operation mode is adopted due to the fact that the randomness of the load is inconsistent with the partial load characteristics of the unit is well solved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An integrated energy system operation method based on evaluation criteria is characterized in that: firstly, establishing a distribution system model, and calculating the electricity purchasing quantity and the fuel consumption quantity of a distribution system;
then establishing a comprehensive energy system model with two modes of 'fixing power by heat FTL' and 'fixing power by heat FEL', and respectively calculating the electricity purchasing amount and the fuel consumption of the comprehensive energy system;
three evaluation indexes of the system are established: primary energy consumption, operating costs, CO2Reducing the discharge capacity, integrating the three indexes to establish a comprehensive evaluation index, and determining the operation mode of the comprehensive energy system by calculating the application conditions of the two operation modes of the cold and hot electric system so as to optimize the utilization rate of system energy;
establishing a sub-supply system model, firstly determining the power consumption of the electric refrigerator as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,COP ec indicating electric refrigerationThe coefficient of performance of the machine is,P ec represents the input power of the electric refrigerator, unit: kW;Q CL represents the system cooling load, unit: kW;
the fuel consumed by the boiler is then determined as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,F boiler natural gas, which represents the consumption of a gas boiler, unit: cubic meter;Q rh represents heat exchanger input heat, in units: kW;η boiler representing the efficiency of the gas boiler;
then, determining that the power purchased by the power grid is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P grid representing the amount of electricity purchased from the grid, in units: kW;P EL is the electrical load of the system, unit: kW;
the fuel consumed by the system is then determined, only the gas boiler consuming:
in the formula, FmFuel, expressed as system consumption, unit: cubic meter;
converting the purchase electricity into corresponding fuel consumption:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,E m representing the conversion of the purchase electricity into the corresponding fuel consumption, unit: cubic meter;
establishing an electric heating operation model, firstly determining that the power load required by the system is met by the gas turbine:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P MT representing the turbine output, in units: kW;P EL is the power load unit required by the whole system: kW; in the electric constant-heat operation mode, the electricity generated by the gas turbine is equal to the electric load required by the building;
the fuel consumed by the gas turbine is then determinedF MT Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,η MT is the efficiency of the gas turbine engine and,F MT fuel, expressed as gas turbine consumed, unit: cubic meter;
the heat recovered by the heat recovery system is then determinedQ rhs Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,η rhs is the efficiency of the heat recovery system and,Q rhs represents the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery system, in units: kW;
the heat required by the adsorption chiller is then determinedQ rac Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Q rac representing the amount of heat required by the adsorption chiller,unit: kW;Q CL is the cooling load of the system, in units: kW;COP ac is the coefficient of performance of the absorption chiller;
the heat required by the heat exchanger is then determinedQ rh Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Q rh represents the heat required by the heat exchanger, in units: kW;Q HL is the heat load, unit: kW;η he is the efficiency of the heat exchanger;
the comprehensive energy system needs to meet the cold demand and the heat demand of a user side while supplying power; if the heat recovered by the heat recovery system cannot meet the requirement, the system often meets the heat requirement of the rest part by an additional gas boiler;
the equivalent thermal load is then determined:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Q req is the equivalent thermal load, in units: kW;
establishing a primary energy consumption evaluation index:
in the formula, PEC represents a primary energy consumption index,k f the coefficient of primary energy consumption of the natural gas of the system is shown,k e representing the primary energy consumption coefficient of the grid, FmWhich is indicative of the fuel consumed by the system,P grid representing the purchase of electricity from the grid;
establishing operation cost:
wherein COST represents a system running COST index,C f the coefficient of operation of the system is represented,C e representing a grid operating cost coefficient;
establishing CO2 emission indexes:
in the formula, CDE represents a system CO2An emission index; u. offRepresents the integrated system CO2 emission coefficient, ueRepresents the grid CO2 emission coefficient;
establishing a comprehensive evaluation index, synthesizing three indexes of a formula (25), a formula (26) and a formula (27), and determining the comprehensive evaluation index IPC:
in the formula, ω1、ω2、ω3Representing the weight coefficient, ω1+ω2+ω3=1，ω1∈(0,1)，ω2∈(0,1)，ω3E (0, 1); IPC denotes the evaluation index, PECIESRepresenting a primary energy consumption index, PEC, of an integrated energy systemSpIndicating a primary energy consumption index, COST, of the separate supply systemIESRepresenting the COST of operation, COST, of the integrated energy systemSpIndicating the operating cost index, CDE, of the separate supply systemIESCO representing an integrated energy system2Emission index, CDESPCO indicating separate supply system2An emission index;
(1) when in useK L >ε N At this time, in the case of FTL, the power is not required to be purchased from the power grid, but in the case of FEL, a gas boiler is required to be additionally generated;
in the formula, FmWhich is indicative of the fuel consumed by the system,E m representing the conversion of the purchase electricity into the corresponding fuel consumption,P MT the output of the turbine is indicated,P EL is the unit of electrical load required by the entire system,η MT is the efficiency of the gas turbine engine and,F MT which represents the fuel consumed by the gas turbine,Q req is the equivalent thermal load of the heat exchanger,F boiler which represents the natural gas consumed by the gas boiler,η boiler which represents the efficiency of the gas-fired boiler,η r is the efficiency of the heat recovery system and,K L which is indicative of the heat-to-electricity ratio demanded by the load,ε N representing the rated heat to power ratio of the gas turbine;
byK L >ε N When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,K L /ε N >1 is always true, if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL, ΔE>0, need toη boiler >η r In actual operation, the heating efficiency of the boiler is higher than that of the power generation equipment of the comprehensive energy system, so the operation mode of the FEL is better than that of the FTL in the condition;
（2）K L <ε N at the moment, electricity needs to be purchased from a power grid in the FTL operation mode, but an additional gas boiler is not needed in the FEL mode;
in the formula, FmWhich is indicative of the fuel consumed by the system,E m representing the conversion of the purchase electricity into the corresponding fuel consumption,P MT the output of the turbine is indicated,P EL is the unit of electrical load required by the entire system,η MT is the efficiency of the gas turbine engine and,F MT which represents the fuel consumed by the gas turbine,Q req is the equivalent thermal load of the heat exchanger,F boiler which represents the natural gas consumed by the gas boiler,η boile which represents the efficiency of the gas-fired boiler,η r is the efficiency of the heat recovery system and,K L which is indicative of the heat-to-electricity ratio demanded by the load,ε N representing the rated heat to power ratio of the gas turbine;
when in useK L <ε N When, KL/ε N Is always less than 1, so if the FEL mode of operation is better than the FTL in this case, ΔE>0, whenk m /k grid <η MT In the meantime, the FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode, otherwise, the FTL operation mode is superior to the FEL;
from the above analysis it was concluded that:
firstly, whenK L >ε N When or whenK L <ε N And isk m /k grid <η MT The FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
② whenK L <ε N And isk m /k grid >η MT Meanwhile, the FTL operation mode is superior to the FEL operation mode;
when the evaluation index is determined in actual operation, selecting a more optimal operation mode of the FEL and the FTL after the judgment, and enabling the system to operate in the operation mode so as to enable the performance of the system to be optimal;
when a plurality of indexes are combined, the comprehensive evaluation index IPC is written as:
in the formula, ω1、ω2、ω3Representing the weight coefficient, ω1+ω2+ω3=1，ω1∈(0,1)，ω2∈(0,1)，ω3E (0, 1); IPC denotes the evaluation index, PECIESRepresenting a primary energy consumption index, PEC, of an integrated energy systemSpIndicating a primary energy consumption index, COST, of the separate supply systemIESRepresenting the COST of operation, COST, of the integrated energy systemSpIndicating the operating cost index, CDE, of the separate supply systemIESCO representing an integrated energy system2Emission index, CDESPCO indicating separate supply system2An emission index;
derived from equation (31):
order toK F =k 11 +k 12 +k 13 ，K E =k 12 +k 22 +k 32 Then the above formula can be converted intoIPC=K F ∙F m +K E ∙E grid (ii) a The following conclusions can be drawn from the above analysis:
when in useK L >ε N When or whenK L <ε N And isK F /K E <η MT The FEL operation mode is superior to the FTL operation mode;
when in useK L <ε N And isK F /K E >η MT Meanwhile, the FTL operation mode is superior to the FEL operation mode;
the default is that the smaller the value of the evaluation index IPC, the better, but the larger the value of the evaluation index, the better, the opposite is concluded.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: there are two possibilities for equivalent thermal loading:
determining the fuel consumed by the gas boiler as follows:
the fuel consumed by the entire system is then determined to be:
and finally, determining that the electricity purchasing quantity from the system to the large power grid is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P grid the method is characterized in that the power purchasing amount of the system to a large power grid is expressed in a unit: kW.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: establishing a heat-to-power operation model, and firstly determining the heat recovered by the heat recovery systemQ rhs Comprises the following steps:
since the waste heat recovered by the system is known, the fuel consumed by the gas turbineF MT Comprises the following steps:
in the operation mode of electricity by heat, the heat required by the system is satisfied by the waste heat recovered from the gas turbine in each operation period;
determining the output of a gas turbineP MT Comprises the following steps:
4. the method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises: under the operation strategy, the electricity generated by the gas turbine cannot necessarily meet the system requirement, and the shortage part is met by buying electricity to a large power grid;
there are two cases:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P excess is the excess electricity produced by the gas turbine, in units: kW; can be sold to the grid or stored for future use;
finally, determining the consumption of the system fuel as follows:
5. the method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises:
rated heat-electricity ratio of gas turbine as heat supply of unitQ rhs Generating capacity of the unitP MT The ratio is calculated as follows:
wherein, the rated thermoelectric ratio of the gas turbine is expressed;
determining the load demand thermoelectric ratio:
K L =Q req /P EL （24）
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,K L representing the load demand thermoelectric ratio.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises:
for the operational mode of the FTL, the electricity purchase situation is:P EL -P MT >0 (i.e. theP EL -Q req ∙η MT /(1-η MT )η rhs >0) Is finished to obtainQ req /P EL <ε N ；
For the FEL mode of operation, the case where the boiler requires afterburning is:Q req -Q rhs >0 (i.e. theQ req -P EL ∙(1-η MT )∙η rhs /η MT >0) Is finished to obtainQ req /P EL >ε N 。
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