CN211067218U

CN211067218U - Non-contact electromagnetic-driven noninvasive and extensible defect type artificial prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN211067218U
Application number: CN201720692524.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姬涛; 魏巍; 郭卫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-06-14
Filing date: 2017-06-14
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-14

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment, it is concrete, relate to a non-contact electromagnetic drive's noninvasive can prolong defective type artificial prosthesis, artificial prosthesis has electromagnetic drive extension mechanism, electromagnetic drive extension mechanism mainly constitute by several parts such as permanent magnet (1), reducing gear box (2), linear lead screw (3) and can prolong prosthesis part (4), electromagnetic drive extension mechanism can stretch out forward and prolong through can prolonging prosthesis part (4) under the effect of external driving magnetic field.

Description

Non-contact electromagnetic-driven noninvasive and extensible defect type artificial prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a non-contact electromagnetically-driven noninvasive and extensible defect type artificial prosthesis.

Background

The number of primary osteosarcoma cases per year in China is about 1 ten thousand. Osteosarcoma accounts for 10% of primary bone tumor, accounts for 20% of primary malignant tumor, has an annual incidence rate of 1-3 persons/100 ten thousand persons, wherein 75% of patients are 10-30 years old, and are malignant tumors seriously affecting physical and mental health of young adults.

The concept of limb amputation has evolved and matured over the last 25 years. The limb protection operation mainly comprises complete excision of an affected bone tumor section and reconstruction of bone defects, various reconstruction technologies are used in bone tumor diagnosis and treatment centers of the United states and Europe in the past two and thirty years, the limbs are reconstructed after the bone tumor is excised, and along with analysis and discovery of follow-up results of different reconstruction methods in recent years, the artificial metal prosthesis reconstruction obtains better medium and long-term follow-up results, and the advantages of the artificial prosthesis reconstruction comprise: the internal fixation is durable, the stability after the operation is good, the short-term and long-term functional prognosis is better, and the mobility of the joint after the operation is good.

For adolescents, the growth of the distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyses (bone growth sites) accounts for 70% of the length of the overall lower limb development. Resection of the lower epiphyseal plate of the femur results in the loss of about 1.6cm of affected limb per year. For this reason, knee resections for patients with bone tumours of very small age (often under 10 years) necessarily cause severe limb inequality. For children bone tumor patients, with the prolonged life cycle, the complications such as limb inequality and lameness caused by the reconstruction of tumor segment amputation prosthesis are increasing. Children also have great growth capabilities due to the bone, and any metal prosthesis eventually needs to be refurbished as the child grows.

At present, 10 percent of patients with bone primary tumor face the problem of unequal limb lengths after limb protection operations. The unequal length of limbs after limb protection of children gradually becomes a hotspot problem in the field. The extendable prosthesis can better solve the problem, but because the extendable prosthesis widely adopted at present needs to be operated every time of extension, an incision with a certain length is cut to expose an extension screw, the prosthesis is extended by using a mechanical driving device, the extension length is limited every time (the vascular nerve cannot endure traction), and the infection probability and tissue scarring are increased by multiple operations. Thus, the invasive extension prostheses currently employed by physicians greatly increase the number of surgeries and the chances of postoperative complications for pediatric patients. This frequent surgical procedure will last ten years or even longer, with a considerable pain and economic burden on the patient.

As shown in figure 1, two ends of a joint of a traditional artificial implanted prosthesis are respectively fixed in femoral and tibial medullary cavities of a patient in a bone cement or press fit (biological fixation) mode through a broach structure, and the prosthesis can bear the load of normal physiological life of a human body after being implanted and meet the requirement of the movement range of daily activities of a knee joint.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The invention designs a brand-new extensible artificial prosthesis, which does not need to carry out secondary operation on the affected part of the child patient during extension, but realizes non-invasive extension by using an extension device in an external alternating magnetic field to drive the prosthesis, does not cause pain caused by secondary or multiple operations on the child patient at all, can increase the extension times in unit time (such as within one year) according to the growth condition of the leg of the child patient, correspondingly reduces the extension length of each time, and ensures that the child patient can adapt to the length and the balance problem of the two legs after each extension more easily. The extensible artificial prosthesis provided by the invention can better solve the problem that the limbs of a child patient are unequal in length after the limb tumor is resected, and has wide popularization significance and practical application value for similar children.

The invention firstly relates to a non-contact electromagnetically-driven noninvasive and extensible defect type artificial prosthesis, wherein an electromagnetically-driven extension mechanism mainly comprises a permanent magnet (1), a reduction gearbox (2), a linear screw rod (3), an extensible prosthesis part (4) and the like, and can be extended by extending the extensible prosthesis part (4) forwards under the action of an external driving magnetic field.

The permanent magnet is arranged in a cavity at one end of the prosthesis, is fixedly connected to the input end of the reduction gearbox, and can rotate in the cavity of the artificial joint prosthesis under the action of an external driving magnetic field;

the input end of the reduction gearbox rotates under the driving of the permanent magnet, and the lower rotating speed and the larger output torque are output at the output end of the reduction gearbox through speed reduction transmission;

the output end of the reduction gearbox is connected to one end of the linear screw rod, and the lower rotating speed and the larger output torque obtained by the rotation of the permanent magnet are applied to the linear screw rod to drive the linear screw rod to rotate and push the screw rod sliding block forwards;

the screw rod sliding block is fixed on the inner wall of the part of the extensible prosthesis connected to the external bone end, and can push the extensible prosthesis forward to move, so that the length of the defect segment of the prosthesis is increased, and the distance between the intramedullary nails on two sides is prolonged;

the screw rod sliding block is connected with the extensible prosthesis part through threads;

the outer wall of the extensible prosthesis part is nested in a sleeve of the extensible mechanism, and is pushed by the screw rod sliding block to extend forwards in the radial direction, and meanwhile, the extensible prosthesis part is fixed axially and does not rotate.

The permanent magnet adopts a cylindrical structure in structural design, magnetization is carried out along the radial direction, and neodymium iron boron magnetic materials are adopted as materials.

The external driving magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field rotating at a high speed, and the permanent magnet in the dummy body is driven to rotate along with the alternating magnetic field.

The reduction gearbox is a gear multi-stage planetary reduction gearbox; the rotation ratio from the input end to the output end is 15000: 1, the lead screw slide block is driven to move forwards by 1-2mm through an external driving magnetic field, and the time is about 3.5 minutes.

The artificial prosthesis is applied to the long tubular bone parts of the whole body, such as the proximal humerus, the proximal femur, the distal femur, the proximal tibia and the like.

Through the above driving principle and the design of the extension mechanism, the problem that the existing orthopedic extendable prosthesis needs repeated operation during extension can be effectively solved, and the infant patient can achieve the same extension effect through a non-invasive extension mode, and compared with the traditional method, the orthopedic extendable prosthesis has obvious innovation in all aspects such as economy, convenience and safety, and has wide application value.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a pictorial view of a conventional artificial implant prosthesis.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a magnetic field actuated extensible prosthesis of the present invention positioned between a femur and a tibia including a knee joint.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the structure of the magnetic field driven extensible prosthesis including the knee joint disposed between the femur and the tibia according to the present invention, in which (1) is a permanent magnet, (2) is a reduction box, (3) is a linear lead screw, and (4) is an extensible prosthesis portion.

Detailed Description

EXAMPLE 1 prosthetic prosthesis between femur and tibia comprising a Knee Joint

Fig. 2 shows a design and schematic view of an artificial prosthesis comprising a knee joint arranged between a femur and a tibia.

One end of the artificial prosthesis is an artificial knee joint, the two ends of the artificial prosthesis are respectively fixed in the femoral bone marrow cavity and the tibial bone marrow cavity of a patient through a broach structure in a bone cement or press fit (biological fixation) mode, and the artificial prosthesis can bear the load of normal physiological life of a human body after being implanted and meet the requirement of the daily activity range of the knee joint.

The electromagnetic drive extensible mechanism of the artificial prosthesis comprises a permanent magnet (1), a reduction gearbox (2), a linear lead screw (3), an extensible prosthesis part (4) and the like, wherein the permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the input end of the reduction gearbox, the output end of the reduction gearbox is connected to one end of the linear lead screw, the permanent magnet rotates at a high speed in a patient body under the action of a magnetic field, the reduction gearbox performs speed reduction transmission to obtain larger output torque and lower rotating speed to drive the linear lead screw to rotate and push a lead screw sliding block, the lead screw sliding block is directly fixed on the extensible prosthesis part connected to the external femur or tibia, the extensible prosthesis part is pushed forwards to move along with the rotation of the lead screw, the axial direction of the extensible prosthesis part is fixed and fixed, the radial direction of the lead screw sliding block extends from a sleeve of the electromagnetic drive extensible mechanism, the defect length of the prosthesis is increased, and the, the purpose of extending the length of the reconstructed limb is achieved.

The permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron magnetic material; the main purpose of the reduction gearbox design is to obtain large output torque, the external driving magnetic field capable of prolonging the prosthesis is an alternating magnetic field rotating at high speed, and the permanent magnet in the body is driven to rotate along with the alternating magnetic field. Due to the limitation of application environment, the permanent magnet has small volume, and the magnetic field is arranged outside the legs of the human body and is not in contact with the human body. By rotating the magnetic field in vitro, it takes about 3.5 minutes for the design to drive the slider to move forward 1-2 mm. Such drive speeds and extended periods are acceptable for leg extension, as the patient also needs to slowly accommodate the discomfort caused to him or her during the extension, which does not cause additional damage to the patient's body.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples only help those skilled in the art understand the essence of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The non-contact electromagnetically driven non-invasive extensible defect type artificial prosthesis is characterized in that the electromagnetically driven extension mechanism comprises a permanent magnet (1), a reduction gearbox (2), a linear lead screw (3) and an extensible prosthesis part (4), and the electromagnetically driven extension mechanism can extend forwards through the extensible prosthesis part (4) under the action of an external driving magnetic field and is extended.

2. The non-contact electromagnetically-driven noninvasive and extendable defect-type artificial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed in a cavity at one end of the prosthesis, fixedly connected to the input end of the reduction box, and capable of rotating in the cavity of the non-contact electromagnetically-driven noninvasive and extendable defect-type artificial prosthesis with the electromagnetically-driven extension mechanism under the action of an external driving magnetic field.

3. The non-contact electromagnetically driven non-invasive prolongable defect type artificial prosthesis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the input end of the reduction gearbox rotates under the driving of the permanent magnet, and the rotation speed and the torque are output at the output end of the reduction gearbox through speed reduction transmission.

4. The non-contact electromagnetically-driven noninvasive and elongatable defect-type artificial prosthesis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the linear lead screw is connected to an output end of the reduction gearbox, and the reduction gearbox applies a rotational speed and an output torque obtained by rotation of the permanent magnet to the linear lead screw, thereby driving the linear lead screw to rotate and pushing the lead screw slider forward.

5. The non-contact, electromagnetically driven, noninvasive, extendable defect-type artificial prosthesis of claim 4, wherein said lead screw slider is fixed to an inner wall of an extendable prosthesis portion connected to an external bone end.

6. A non-contact, electromagnetically driven, non-invasive, extensible defect-type artificial prosthesis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall of the extensible prosthesis portion is nested within the sleeve of the extensible mechanism, and is pushed by the lead screw slider to extend forward in the radial direction while being fixed axially against rotation.

7. The non-contact, electromagnetically driven, noninvasive, extendable defect prosthesis of claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet is of a cylindrical structure, magnetized in a radial direction, and made of a neodymium iron boron magnetic material.

8. The non-contact, electromagnetically driven, noninvasive, extendable defect-type artificial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein said external driving magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field rotating at high speed.

9. The non-contact electromagnetically driven noninvasive and extendable defect-type artificial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the reduction gearbox is a gear multistage planetary reduction gearbox, and the rotation ratio from the input end to the output end is 15000: 1.

10. a medical device comprising the non-contact, electromagnetically driven, noninvasive, extendable defect type artificial prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said medical device is used for bone surgery.