CN211213699U

CN211213699U - Extendable prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN211213699U
Application number: CN201921675711.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王彩梅
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a can prolong false body, be provided with first false body in can prolonging false body, second false body and deformation structure, wherein, first false body has and holds the chamber, the second false body is connected with first false body, the movably setting of the relative first false body of second false body, deformation structure sets up and is holding the intracavity, deformation structure's one end and the cooperation of second false body, deformation structure is made by magnetic memory alloy, deformation structure can take place under the effect in external magnetic field, deformation structure is taking place under the condition of warping, the drive second false body removes to the direction of keeping away from first false body, can prolong false body's total length in order to prolong. Because the deformation structure is made of the magnetic control shape memory alloy, the deformation structure can be deformed by applying a magnetic field externally, thereby prolonging the prosthesis and prolonging the prosthesis. Thus, after the prosthesis is implanted, the prosthesis can be extended only by applying a suitable magnetic field from the outside, and therefore no invasive surgery is applied.

Description

Extendable prosthesis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, particularly, relate to a can prolong false body.

Background

The number of primary osteosarcoma cases per year in China is about 1 ten thousand. Osteosarcoma accounts for 10% of primary bone tumor, accounts for 20% of primary malignant tumor, has an annual incidence rate of 1-3 persons/100 ten thousand persons, wherein 75% of patients are 10-30 years old, and are malignant tumors seriously affecting physical and mental health of young adults.

The concept of limb amputation has evolved and matured over the last 25 years. The limb protection operation mainly comprises complete excision of an affected bone tumor section and reconstruction of bone defects, various reconstruction technologies are used in bone tumor diagnosis and treatment centers of the United states and Europe in the past two and thirty years, the limbs are reconstructed after the bone tumor is excised, and along with analysis and discovery of follow-up results of different reconstruction methods in recent years, the artificial metal prosthesis reconstruction obtains better medium and long-term follow-up results, and the advantages of the artificial prosthesis reconstruction comprise: the internal fixation is durable, the stability after the operation is good, the short-term and long-term functional prognosis is better, and the mobility of the joint after the operation is good.

For adolescents, the growth of the distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyses (bone growth sites) accounts for 70% of the length of the overall lower limb development. Resection of the lower epiphyseal plate of the femur results in the loss of about 1.6cm of affected limb per year. For this reason, knee resection for patients with bone tumors of very small age (less than 10 years) necessarily causes severe limb inequality. For children bone tumor patients, with the prolonged life cycle, the complications such as limb inequality and lameness caused by the reconstruction of tumor segment amputation prosthesis are increasing. Children also have great growth capabilities due to the bone, and any metal prosthesis eventually needs to be refurbished as the child grows.

At present, about 10 percent of patients with bone primary tumor have the problem of unequal limb lengths after limb protection surgery. The extendable prosthesis can better solve the problem, but because the extendable prosthesis widely adopted at present needs to be operated every time of extension, an incision with a certain length is cut to expose an extension screw, the prosthesis is extended by using a mechanical driving device, the extension length is limited every time (the vascular nerve cannot endure traction), and the infection probability and tissue scarring are increased by multiple operations. Thus, the invasive extension prostheses currently employed by physicians greatly increase the number of surgeries and the chances of postoperative complications for pediatric patients. This frequent surgical procedure will last ten years or even longer, with a considerable pain and economic burden on the patient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a prolonged prosthesis, which solves the problem that the prolonged prosthesis needs to be subjected to the operation of generating wound to be prolonged in the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an extendable prosthesis, comprising: a first prosthesis having a receiving cavity; a second prosthesis coupled to the first prosthesis, the second prosthesis being movably disposed relative to the first prosthesis; the deformation structure is arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the deformation structure is matched with the second prosthesis, the deformation structure is made of magnetic memory alloy, the deformation structure can deform under the action of an external magnetic field, and the deformation structure drives the second prosthesis to move towards the direction far away from the first prosthesis under the condition of deformation so as to prolong the total length of the prosthesis.

Further, the deformation structure is a telescopic structure, and the deformation structure is stretched under the action of an external magnetic field to drive the second prosthesis to move.

Further, the extendable prosthesis further comprises: the first anti-back structure is movably arranged at least one part of the first anti-back structure, the first prosthesis and the second prosthesis are matched with the first anti-back structure, and the first anti-back structure is used for preventing the second prosthesis from moving towards the direction close to the first prosthesis so as to prevent the second prosthesis from backing back after the second prosthesis is moved.

Further, the first retreat preventing structure includes: a plurality of first anti-back-out grooves disposed on one of the first prosthesis and the second prosthesis; the first clamping part is used for clamping any one of the first anti-withdrawal grooves, and the first clamping part is movably arranged on the other one of the first prosthesis and the second prosthesis; under the condition that the second prosthesis moves towards the direction far away from the first prosthesis, the first clamping parts avoid the plurality of first anti-retreat grooves so as to enable the second prosthesis to move in a single direction; after the second prosthesis is moved, the first clamping parts are clamped into the corresponding first anti-withdrawal grooves to prevent the second prosthesis from withdrawing.

Further, the deformation structure is a spiral first spring structure; or, the deformation structure comprises a plurality of telescopic layers which are connected in sequence, and each telescopic layer can be stretched under the action of an external magnetic field.

Further, the anamorphic structure includes a plurality of scalable layers, the scalable layers including: two connecting plates that the interval set up and the backup pad of interval setting between two connecting plates, the slope setting of each backup pad homogeneous phase to the connecting plate, under the effect in external magnetic field, the inclination of each backup pad all changes to same direction to change the distance between two connecting plates.

Furthermore, a convex rib is arranged on one of the inner wall of the first prosthesis and the outer wall of the second prosthesis, and the convex rib extends along the moving direction of the second prosthesis; the other of the inner wall of the first prosthesis and the outer wall of the second prosthesis is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove extends along the moving direction of the second prosthesis, and the convex rib is slidably arranged in the sliding groove.

Further, the first prosthesis comprises a lower sleeve and an upper sleeve which are connected with each other, the deformation structure is arranged in the lower sleeve, the second prosthesis is arranged in the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve in a penetrating mode, and a sealing structure is arranged between the upper sleeve and the second prosthesis.

Further, one end of the upper sleeve facing the lower sleeve is provided with a first limiting surface, and the second prosthesis comprises: the intramedullary rod penetrates through the upper sleeve, and the sealing structure is positioned between the upper sleeve and the intramedullary rod; the top column is connected with the intramedullary rod, at least one part of the top column is positioned in the lower sleeve, the top column is provided with a second limiting surface, the deformation structure is matched with the top column to drive the top column and the intramedullary rod to move, and the second limiting surface is in limiting fit with the first limiting surface to limit the moving distance of the intramedullary rod.

Further, the extendable prosthesis is a femoral prosthesis, the first prosthesis further comprising: the femur condyle and the lower sleeve are connected with the femur condyle.

Further, the extendable prosthesis further comprises: the second prevents moving back the structure, and the second prevents moving back at least partly setting of structure, and intramedullary pole and fore-set all prevent moving back the structure cooperation with the second, and the second prevents moving back the structure and is used for preventing the fore-set to the direction that is close to the deformation structure.

Further, the second retreat prevention structure includes: a plurality of second anti-receding grooves which are arranged on one of the intramedullary rod and the top post; the second clamping part is used for being clamped with any one of the second anti-withdrawal grooves and movably arranged on the other one of the intramedullary rod and the top column.

Use the technical scheme of the utility model, be provided with first false body in can prolonging the false body, second false body and deformation structure, wherein, first false body has and holds the chamber, the second false body is connected with first false body, the movably setting of the relative first false body of second false body, deformation structure sets up and is holding the intracavity, deformation structure's one end and the cooperation of second false body, deformation structure is made by magnetic memory alloy, deformation structure can take place under the effect in external magnetic field, deformation structure is taking place under the condition of warping, drive second false body removes to the direction of keeping away from first false body, can prolong false body's total length in order to prolong. Because the deformation structure is made of the magnetic control shape memory alloy, the deformation structure can be deformed by applying a magnetic field externally, thereby prolonging the prosthesis and prolonging the prosthesis. Thus, after the prosthesis is implanted, the prosthesis can be extended only by applying a suitable magnetic field from the outside, and therefore no invasive surgery is applied. Therefore, the pain caused by secondary or multiple operations to the infant cannot be caused, the extension times in unit time (such as within one year) can be increased according to the growth condition of the legs of the infant, and the extension length of each time is correspondingly reduced, so that the infant can be more easily adapted to the length and the balance problem of the two legs after each time of extension.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of an extendable prosthesis provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the extensible prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 at position A;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the first anti-backoff groove of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the first snap-in part of fig. 3;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the seal structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the top post and deformed configuration of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the extensible prosthesis of FIG. 1 in another alternative configuration;

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the deformed configuration of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural view of the upper sleeve of FIG. 1;

fig. 11 shows a schematic view of the intramedullary rod of fig. 1;

FIG. 12 shows a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 at position B;

FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of the second anti-backoff groove of FIG. 12;

fig. 14 shows a schematic view of the second snap-in part in fig. 12.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a first prosthesis; 11. a lower sleeve; 12. an upper sleeve; 13. a femoral condyle; 20. a second prosthesis; 21. an intramedullary rod; 22. a top pillar; 23. a rod body; 24. a boss; 30. a deformed configuration; 31. a scalable layer; 32. a connecting plate; 33. a support plate; 41. a first anti-retreat groove; 42. a first clamping part; 43. a first spring; 44. a first clamping block; 51. a rib is protruded; 52. a chute; 61. sealing sleeves; 62. a seal ring; 71. a plate body; 72. limiting teeth; 81. a second anti-retreat groove; 82. a second clamping part; 83. a second spring; 84. and a second clamping block.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in the drawings, embodiments of the present invention provide an extendable prosthesis, comprising: a first prosthesis 10, the first prosthesis 10 having a receiving cavity; a second prosthesis 20, the second prosthesis 20 being connected to the first prosthesis 10, the second prosthesis 20 being movably arranged relative to the first prosthesis 10; and the deformation structure 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the deformation structure 30 is matched with the second prosthesis 20, the deformation structure 30 is made of magnetic memory alloy, the deformation structure 30 can deform under the action of an external magnetic field, and the deformation structure 30 drives the second prosthesis 20 to move towards the direction far away from the first prosthesis 10 under the condition of deformation so as to prolong the total length of the prosthesis.

Use the technical scheme of the utility model, be provided with first false body 10 in can prolonging the false body, second false body 20 and deformation structure 30, wherein, first false body 10 has and holds the chamber, second false body 20 is connected with first false body 10, second false body 20 is the movably setting of first false body 10 relatively, deformation structure 30 sets up and is holding the intracavity, deformation structure 30's one end and the cooperation of second false body 20, deformation structure 30 is made by magnetic memory alloy, deformation structure 30 can take place to warp under the effect in external magnetic field, deformation structure 30 is taking place under the condition of warping, drive second false body 20 removes to the direction of keeping away from first false body 10, can prolong the total length of false body. Because the deformation structure 30 is made of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy, the deformation structure 30 can be deformed by applying a magnetic field externally, thereby lengthening the extendable prosthesis. Thus, after the prosthesis is implanted, the prosthesis can be extended only by applying a suitable magnetic field from the outside, and therefore no invasive surgery is applied. Therefore, the pain caused by secondary or multiple operations to the infant cannot be caused, the extension times in unit time (such as within one year) can be increased according to the growth condition of the legs of the infant, and the extension length of each time is correspondingly reduced, so that the infant can be more easily adapted to the length and the balance problem of the two legs after each time of extension. In the adjustment, the moving distance of the second prosthesis 20 is precisely controlled by controlling the strength and time of the magnetic field applied from the outside, thereby controlling the total length of the extendable prosthesis.

In the present embodiment, the deformation structure 30 is a telescopic structure, and the deformation structure 30 is extended under the action of an external magnetic field to drive the second prosthesis 20 to move. This drives the second prosthesis 20 in motion by way of elongation of the deformed configuration 30.

To improve reliability, in this embodiment, the extendable prosthesis further comprises: a first anti-back-out configuration, at least a portion of which is movably disposed, the first prosthesis 10 and the second prosthesis 20 both cooperating with the first anti-back-out configuration, the first anti-back-out configuration being configured to prevent movement of the second prosthesis 20 in a direction proximal to the first prosthesis 10 to prevent the second prosthesis 20 from backing out after movement is complete. The first anti-back structure realizes that the second prosthesis 20 can only move towards the direction far away from the first prosthesis 10 in a single direction, but can not move towards the direction close to the first prosthesis 10, thereby avoiding the prosthesis from shrinking after being prolonged.

Specifically, the first retreat preventing structure includes: a plurality of first anti-withdrawal grooves 41, the plurality of first anti-withdrawal grooves 41 being provided on one of the first prosthesis 10 and the second prosthesis 20; a first catching portion 42 for catching any one of the plurality of first anti-receding grooves 41, the first catching portion 42 being movably provided on the other of the first prosthesis 10 and the second prosthesis 20; when the second prosthesis 20 moves in a direction away from the first prosthesis 10, the first clamping portions 42 avoid the plurality of first anti-retreat grooves 41 so that the second prosthesis 20 moves in one direction; after the second prosthesis 20 is completely moved, the first clamping parts 42 are clamped in the corresponding first anti-withdrawal grooves 41 to prevent the second prosthesis 20 from withdrawing. Thus, the unidirectional movement of the second prosthesis 20 can be realized through the matching of the first clamping parts 42 and the plurality of first anti-back grooves 41.

Optionally, a plurality of first anti-receding grooves 41 are provided on the outer wall of the second prosthesis 20, the first clamping portions 42 are provided on the inner wall of the first prosthesis 10, and the first clamping portions 42 are plural to improve reliability. The first latch portion 42 is telescopically disposed or the first latch portion 42 is rotatably disposed, the first latch portion 42 includes a first spring 43 and a first latch 44 disposed in a recess of the first prosthesis 10, and the first latch 44 can extend out of or retract into the recess. The first block 44 has a first limit plane and a first guide slope, and the first anti-receding groove 41 has a second limit plane and a second guide slope, wherein the first limit plane and the second limit plane are in limit fit to prevent receding when the second prosthesis 20 is subjected to external axial pressure, and the first guide slope and the second guide slope are in fit to push the first block 44 to recede into the groove when the second prosthesis 20 moves toward the extending direction.

In the present embodiment, the deforming structure 30 is a spiral first spring structure; alternatively, the deformable structure 30 includes a plurality of sequentially connected stretchable layers 31, and each stretchable layer 31 may be stretched by an external magnetic field.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the deforming structure 30 includes a plurality of stretchable layers 31, and the stretchable layers 31 include: two connecting plates 32 that the interval set up and the backup pad 33 of interval setting between two connecting plates 32, each backup pad 33 homogeneous phase is to connecting plate 32 slope setting, and under the effect of external magnetic field, the inclination of each backup pad 33 all changes to same direction to change the distance between two connecting plates 32, thereby realize the extension of scalable layer 31, two adjacent scalable layers 31 share a connecting plate 32. Through the arrangement, a large telescopic range of the telescopic layer 31 can be realized, so that a large telescopic range of the deformation structure 30 is realized, and the total length of the prosthesis is convenient to adjust.

In this embodiment, a rib 51 is provided on one of the inner wall of the first prosthesis 10 and the outer wall of the second prosthesis 20, the rib 51 extending in the direction of movement of the second prosthesis 20; the other of the inner wall of the first prosthesis 10 and the outer wall of the second prosthesis 20 is provided with a sliding groove 52, the sliding groove 52 extends in the moving direction of the second prosthesis 20, and the rib 51 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 52. By means of the arrangement, it is possible to guide the movement of the second prosthesis 20 and to avoid relative rotation of the first prosthesis 10 and the second prosthesis 20 in the circumferential direction. The rib 51 is provided on the inner wall of the upper sleeve 12, and the slide groove 52 is provided on the outer wall of the intramedullary rod 21.

In the present embodiment, the first prosthesis 10 includes a lower sleeve 11 and an upper sleeve 12 connected with each other, the deformation structure 30 is disposed in the lower sleeve 11, the second prosthesis 20 is disposed through the upper sleeve 12 and the lower sleeve 11, and a sealing structure is disposed between the upper sleeve 12 and the second prosthesis 20. By providing the upper sleeve 12 and the lower sleeve 11, the manufacture and assembly of the components is facilitated. By arranging the sealing structure, a good sealing effect can be achieved, and the influence on normal use caused by the body fluid and the like entering the first prosthesis 10 is avoided. Optionally, the upper sleeve 12 and the lower sleeve 11 are screwed or welded, and the end of the upper sleeve 12 has a limit step for mating with the end face of the lower sleeve 11.

In this embodiment, the end of the upper sleeve 12 facing the lower sleeve 11 has a first stop surface, and the second prosthesis 20 includes: the intramedullary rod 21, the intramedullary rod 21 passes through the upper sleeve 12, the seal structure locates between upper sleeve 12 and intramedullary rod 21; the top column 22 is connected with the intramedullary rod 21, at least one part of the top column 22 is located in the lower sleeve 11, the top column 22 is provided with a second limiting surface, the deformation structure 30 is matched with the top column 22 to drive the top column 22 and the intramedullary rod 21 to move, and the second limiting surface is in limiting fit with the first limiting surface to limit the moving distance of the intramedullary rod 21.

Optionally, the top pillar 22 includes a rod body 23 and a boss 24 disposed at one end of the rod body 23, the rod body 23 is disposed through the intramedullary rod 21, the boss 24 is disposed in the lower sleeve 11, the second limiting surface is located on the boss 24, and the deformation structure 30 abuts against the boss 24. The outer wall of the intramedullary rod 21 is provided with a limiting step for limiting the end part of the upper sleeve 12 so as to limit the length of the intramedullary rod 21 penetrating into the upper sleeve 12.

Optionally, the sealing structure comprises: the sealing sleeve 61 is sleeved on the intramedullary rod 21, a limiting step is arranged on the sealing sleeve 61 to be in limiting fit with the end part of the upper sleeve 12, and the plurality of sealing rings 62 are arranged in the annular groove on the inner wall of the upper sleeve 12 to improve the sealing effect.

The extendable prosthesis can be used for implanting bones such as tibia, radius, ulna and the like. In this embodiment, the extendable prosthesis is a femoral prosthesis, and the first prosthesis 10 further comprises: the femoral condyle 13 and the lower sleeve 11 are connected to the femoral condyle 13. The extendable prosthesis can then be used for implantation in the residual femur.

Optionally, the lower sleeve 11 includes a barrel, a limiting post and a positioning post connected in sequence, the positioning post is a conical structure, the diameter of the positioning post is smaller than that of the limiting post, and the limiting post and the positioning post are arranged in the femoral condyle 13 in a penetrating manner to realize positioning and limiting.

Optionally, the first prosthesis 10 further comprises a bearing structure, the bearing structure is arranged at the bottom of the cavity of the lower sleeve 11, the bearing structure comprises a plate body 71 and a limit tooth 72 arranged on the plate body 71, the deformation structure 30 abuts against the plate body 71, and the limit tooth 72 is inserted in the bottom wall of the cavity.

To further improve reliability, the extendable prosthesis further comprises: and at least one part of the second anti-back structure is movably arranged, the intramedullary rod 21 and the top column 22 are matched with the second anti-back structure, and the second anti-back structure is used for preventing the top column 22 from moving towards the direction close to the deformation structure 30. This prevents the post 22 from moving closer to the deformed configuration 30 after the second prosthesis 20 has been moved and the deformed configuration 30 has been retracted, thereby preventing the intramedullary rod 21 and the post 22 from being axially gapped.

Further, the second retreat prevention structure includes: a plurality of second withdrawal prevention grooves 81, the plurality of second withdrawal prevention grooves 81 being provided on one of the intramedullary rod 21 and the top post 22; and a second engaging portion 82 for engaging with any one of the plurality of second anti-receding grooves 81, wherein the second engaging portion 82 is movably provided on the other of the intramedullary rod 21 and the top post 22. Through above-mentioned setting both can realize that intramedullary rod 21 and fore-set 22 are spacing at the axial, moreover, when needs dismantle intramedullary rod 21 and fore-set 22, through the pulling force of exerting mutual keeping away from to both, a plurality of second anti-withdrawal grooves 81 can be dodged to second joint portion 82 so that intramedullary rod 21 and fore-set 22 break away from.

Optionally, the plurality of second anti-receding grooves 81 are provided on the outer wall of the top post 22, the second engaging portion 82 is provided on the inner wall of the intramedullary rod 21, and the second engaging portion 82 is plural to improve reliability. The second engaging portion 82 is telescopically disposed or the second engaging portion 82 is rotatably disposed, the second engaging portion 82 includes a second spring 83 and a second latch 84 disposed in the groove of the rod in marrow 21, and the second latch 84 is extendable or retractable into the groove. The second block 84 has a first limiting plane and a first guiding inclined plane, and the second anti-receding groove 81 has a second limiting plane and a second guiding inclined plane, wherein the first limiting plane is in limiting fit with the second limiting plane, and the first guiding inclined plane is in fit with the second guiding inclined plane, so as to push the second block 84 to retract into the groove when the intramedullary rod 21 and the top post 22 are required to be separated.

The scheme combines the morphological requirement design of the far end thickness and the near end thickness of the human femoral condyle, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are manufactured in a split mode and then welded into a whole. Has sealing effect, and can prevent body fluid from entering the prosthesis to cause corrosion damage to internal materials. The prosthesis end is made of PEEK plastic, and the PEEK has excellent biocompatibility and wear resistance and prevents abrasion between metals at the end under a bending stress environment.

For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present solution, the following description will be made appropriately for the magnetic memory alloy:

after the traditional shape memory alloy is subjected to plastic deformation in a martensite state, the shape memory alloy is heated to be above Af temperature and can automatically return to a parent phase state; if it is cooled again below the Mf temperature, it will automatically return to its original plastically deformed or martensitic shape. And has a much larger amount of strain than other driving materials, but must be obtained by changing the temperature of the alloy, so its response speed is slow. Conventional shape memory alloys, such as TiNi-based, Fe-based, Cu-based alloys, etc., have a relatively large reversible recovery strain and a large recovery force, but have a relatively low response frequency (about 1 Hz) because they are driven by a temperature field. In recent years, a new electromagnetic driving material, magnetically controlled shape memory alloy, has been quietly developed and has received much attention due to its outstanding magnetic strain properties.

The magnetic shape memory alloy has the advantages of combining ferromagnetism and thermoelastic martensite phase transformation, and combining the advantages of large strain of the shape memory alloy and quick response of a magnetostrictive material. Zeeman static magnetic force of the magnetic field on the unfavorable orientation martensite variants in the alloy is utilized to promote the favorable orientation martensite variants to grow and swallow the unfavorable orientation martensite variants (represented by movement of twin boundaries), so that macroscopic deformation is generated.

The magnetic shape memory effect can only be present in magnetic alloys with a thermo-elastic martensitic transformation. Typical ferromagnetic shape memory alloys include Ni-Mn-Ga, Ni-Fe-Ga, Fe-based alloys (Fe-Pd, Fe-Ni-Co-Ti, etc.), Co-based alloys (Co-Ni, Co-Mn based alloys, etc.), and the like.

Magnetic shape memory alloys are of particular interest because: 1. the performance is excellent. The most important performance index is dependent variable, which is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than the performance of the existing material. Magnetic shape memory alloys have a two-way strain effect and these unique properties are well suited for developing new actuators. 2. Compared with the giant magnetostrictive material, the material has lower price. Because the giant magnetostrictive material contains a large amount of expensive metal Tb, the price of the magnetic control shape memory alloy is about one tenth of that of the giant magnetostrictive material. 3. There are a number of important applications. The magnetic shape memory alloy is used as an intelligent material and is a material basis in the future national defense and high technology fields. The high-strain-rate ultrasonic transducer has high strain characteristic and high response frequency, and is expected to be applied to the aspects of sensors, surface intelligent structures, automatic control, airplane wing regulating and controlling systems, ultra-high-power ultrasonic transducer technology and the like.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extendable prosthesis, comprising:

a first prosthesis (10), said first prosthesis (10) having a housing cavity;

a second prosthesis (20), said second prosthesis (20) being connected to said first prosthesis (10), said second prosthesis (20) being movably arranged with respect to said first prosthesis (10);

a deformation structure (30) arranged in the accommodating cavity, wherein one end of the deformation structure (30) is matched with the second prosthesis (20), the deformation structure (30) is made of magnetic memory alloy, the deformation structure (30) can be deformed under the action of an external magnetic field, and the deformation structure (30) drives the second prosthesis (20) to move away from the first prosthesis (10) under the condition of deformation so as to prolong the total length of the extensible prosthesis.

2. The extensible prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the deformation structure (30) is a telescopic structure, the deformation structure (30) being elongated under the action of an external magnetic field to drive the second prosthesis (20) in movement.

3. The extendable prosthesis of claim 2, further comprising:

a first anti-back-out structure, at least a portion of which is movably disposed, the first prosthesis (10) and the second prosthesis (20) both cooperating with the first anti-back-out structure, the first anti-back-out structure being configured to prevent the second prosthesis (20) from moving in a direction closer to the first prosthesis (10) to prevent the second prosthesis (20) from backing out after movement is complete.

4. The extendable prosthesis of claim 3, wherein said first anti-backup structure comprises:

a plurality of first anti-back grooves (41), a plurality of the first anti-back grooves (41) being provided on one of the first prosthesis (10) and the second prosthesis (20);

a first clamping portion (42) used for clamping any one of the first anti-back grooves (41), wherein the first clamping portion (42) is movably arranged on the other one of the first prosthesis (10) and the second prosthesis (20);

when the second prosthesis (20) moves in a direction away from the first prosthesis (10), the first clamping parts (42) avoid the first anti-retreat grooves (41) so that the second prosthesis (20) moves in one direction; after the second prosthesis (20) is moved, the first clamping parts (42) are clamped into the corresponding first anti-withdrawal grooves (41) to prevent the second prosthesis (20) from withdrawing.

5. The extendable prosthesis of claim 2,

the deformation structure (30) is a spiral first spring structure; or the like, or, alternatively,

the deformation structure (30) comprises a plurality of telescopic layers (31) which are connected in sequence, and each telescopic layer (31) can be stretched under the action of an external magnetic field.

6. The extensible prosthesis of claim 5, wherein said deformation structure (30) comprises a plurality of said retractable layers (31), said retractable layers (31) comprising:

two connecting plates (32) that the interval set up and interval set up two backup pad (33) between connecting plate (32), each backup pad (33) all set up to connecting plate (32) slope, under the effect of external magnetic field, each the inclination of backup pad (33) all changes to same direction, in order to change two the distance between connecting plate (32).

7. The extendable prosthesis of claim 1,

a convex rib (51) is arranged on one of the inner wall of the first prosthesis (10) and the outer wall of the second prosthesis (20), and the convex rib (51) extends along the moving direction of the second prosthesis (20);

a sliding groove (52) is arranged on the other one of the inner wall of the first prosthesis (10) and the outer wall of the second prosthesis (20), the sliding groove (52) extends along the moving direction of the second prosthesis (20), and the convex rib (51) is arranged in the sliding groove (52) in a sliding mode.

8. The extensible prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first prosthesis (10) comprises a lower sleeve (11) and an upper sleeve (12) connected to each other, the deformation structure (30) being arranged inside the lower sleeve (11), the second prosthesis (20) being arranged through the upper sleeve (12) and the lower sleeve (11), a sealing structure being arranged between the upper sleeve (12) and the second prosthesis (20).

9. The extensible prosthesis of claim 8, wherein the end of the upper sleeve (12) facing the lower sleeve (11) has a first stop surface, the second prosthesis (20) comprising:

an intramedullary rod (21), the intramedullary rod (21) passing through the upper sleeve (12), the sealing structure being located between the upper sleeve (12) and the intramedullary rod (21);

the support column comprises a top column (22), the top column (22) is connected with the intramedullary rod (21), at least one part of the top column (22) is located in the lower sleeve (11), the top column (22) is provided with a second limiting surface, the deformation structure (30) is matched with the top column (22) to drive the top column (22) and the intramedullary rod (21) to move, and the second limiting surface is matched with the first limiting surface in a limiting mode to limit the moving distance of the intramedullary rod (21).

10. The extendable prosthesis of claim 8, wherein said extendable prosthesis is a femoral prosthesis, said first prosthesis (10) further comprising:

a femoral condyle (13), the lower sleeve (11) being connected to the femoral condyle (13).

11. The extendable prosthesis of claim 9, further comprising:

the second prevents moving back the structure, the second prevents moving back at least partly of structure and sets up, intramedullary pole (21) with shore (22) all with the cooperation of second prevents moving back the structure, the second prevents moving back the structure and is used for stopping shore (22) are to being close to the direction of deformation structure (30) removes.

12. The extendable prosthesis of claim 11, wherein said second anti-recoil structure comprises:

a plurality of second withdrawal prevention grooves (81), the plurality of second withdrawal prevention grooves (81) being provided on one of the intramedullary rod (21) and the top post (22);

the second clamping portion (82) is used for being clamped with any one of the second anti-back grooves (81), and the second clamping portion (82) is movably arranged on the intramedullary rod (21) and the other of the top columns (22).