CN111134903A

CN111134903A - Tibia prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN111134903A
Application number: CN202010110526.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林荔军; 朱献文; 陆国赞; 朱纬纬; 黄安琪; 韦金刚; 张洪波
Original assignee: Guangzhou Huatai 3d Material Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Huatai 3d Material Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-02-21
Publication date: 2020-05-12

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a tibial prosthesis. The present invention provides a tibial prosthesis comprising: the tibia replacement part and the fixing part are used for fixing the tibia replacement part and the healthy bones at the preset replacement positions, and the tibia prosthesis is a 3D printing tibia prosthesis; the tibial replacement part includes: the tibia marrow cavity inserting unit, the bearing unit and the talus fixing unit are connected in sequence. According to the invention, the 3D printed personalized tibia far-end prosthesis is designed and placed according to the CT data or nuclear magnetic data of the range of the invasion of the resection focus, and compared with a variant bone and a tibia plate used in the prior art, the prosthesis has better stability and reliability, is more accurate in operation, greatly reduces the operation difficulty and risk, reduces the operation time, and is more beneficial to the rehabilitation of patients; the technical defects that in the prior art, bone defect reconstruction cannot realize rapid healing and good initial stability and long-term stability are overcome, and good knee joint function after operation of a patient is further ensured.

Description

Tibia prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a tibial prosthesis.

Background

The tibia, which is an important weight-bearing bone of the human body, is a main component of the lower limb. The tibialis and subtalar joints serve as important components of the ankle-hindfoot complex and serve the functions of maintaining weight-bearing walking of the lower extremities and maintaining normal ankle mobility.

However, secondary tibialis distal joint and subtalar joint lesions may be caused by trauma of ankle joints or hind feet and malignant bone tumors and other diseases, serious pain and walking dysfunction are caused, and for patients who cannot obtain satisfactory curative effect in conservative treatment, the pain can be better relieved and the function can be recovered through surgical treatment. If the focus is completely cut off to replace the tibia far end and the ankle joint, the tibia far end and the ankle joint on the affected side are damaged, the influence on a patient is huge, the lower limbs are unequal and lameness is caused, and the revision surgery is required to be performed for multiple times in the later period.

In the prior art, there are three main options for bone defect reconstruction after tibial lesion resection: 1) large-section allogeneic bone transplantation or autologous bone transportation; 2) implanting a prosthesis with an artificial ankle joint; 3) implanting a tibial prosthesis fused to the tibio-tibial pitch joint. When a large section of allogeneic bone is transplanted to reconstruct limbs, the bone regeneration is inevitably slow, and the possibility of occurrence of complications such as allogeneic bone fracture, bone nonunion, rejection reaction and the like is correspondingly increased; meanwhile, the existing prosthesis cannot meet the requirements of ensuring the physiological characteristics of a patient and reconstructing bone defects.

Therefore, the development of a tibial prosthesis to solve the technical defects of the prior art that the bone defect reconstruction cannot achieve rapid healing and ensure good initial stability and long-term stability is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a tibial prosthesis, which is used to solve the technical defects that bone defect reconstruction in the prior art cannot achieve rapid healing and ensure good initial stability and long-term stability, and ensure that a patient has good knee joint function after surgery.

The present invention provides a tibial prosthesis, comprising: the tibia replacement part and the fixing part are used for fixing the tibia replacement part and a healthy bone at a preset replacement position, and the tibia prosthesis is a 3D printing tibia prosthesis;

the tibial replacement component includes: the tibia marrow cavity inserting unit, the bearing unit and the talus fixing unit are connected in sequence.

Preferably, the tibial replacement component is of an integrally formed construction,

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the fixing part is of an integrally formed structure.

Preferably, the surface of the tibial medullary cavity insertion unit is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves.

Preferably, the interior of the load-bearing unit is of a honeycomb structure.

Preferably, the lower part of the talus fixation unit is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures.

Preferably, the talar fixation unit is a trabecular bone structure.

Preferably, the porosity of the bone trabecular structure is 40-85%.

Preferably, the talar fixation portion is fixed to the talar bone by a screw.

Preferably, the fixing part comprises a proximal fixing unit and a distal fixing unit, the proximal fixing unit is connected with the healthy bone at the position to be replaced through a steel cable bundle, and the distal fixing unit is connected with the load bearing unit through any one or more connecting structures of a screw, a groove or a steel cable bundle.

Preferably, the surface of the proximal fixing unit is provided with a plurality of bosses.

In summary, the present invention provides a tibial prosthesis comprising: the tibia replacement part and the fixing part are used for fixing the tibia replacement part and a healthy bone at a preset replacement position, and the tibia prosthesis is a 3D printing tibia prosthesis; the tibial replacement component includes: the tibia marrow cavity inserting unit, the bearing unit and the talus fixing unit are connected in sequence. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the 3D printed personalized tibia far-end prosthesis is designed and placed according to the CT data or nuclear magnetic data of the range of the invasion of the resected focus, and compared with a variant bone and a tibia plate used in the prior art, the three-dimensional tibial far-end prosthesis has better stability and reliability, is more accurate in operation, greatly reduces the operation difficulty and risk, reduces the operation time, and is more beneficial to the recovery of patients. The tibial prosthesis provided by the invention solves the technical defects that rapid healing cannot be realized and good initial stability and long-term stability cannot be ensured in bone defect reconstruction in the prior art, and further ensures that a patient has good knee joint function after surgery.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tibial replacement part in the tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing part in the tibial prosthesis according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a tibial bone marrow cavity insertion unit in a tibial replacement part of a tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a weight bearing unit in a tibial replacement component of a tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a talar fixation unit in a tibial replacement component of a tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the tibia replacement part 1, the tibia marrow cavity insertion unit 11, the bearing unit 12, the talus fixing unit 13, the fixing part 2, the proximal fixing unit 21 and the distal fixing unit 22 are arranged in the tibia replacement part.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a tibial prosthesis, which is used for solving the technical defects that rapid healing cannot be realized and good initial stability and long-term stability cannot be ensured in bone defect reconstruction in the prior art, and further ensuring that a patient has good knee joint function after operation.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to explain the present invention in more detail, a tibial prosthesis according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a tibial prosthesis, including: the tibia replacement part comprises a tibia replacement part 1 and a fixing part 2, wherein the fixing part 2 is used for fixing the tibia replacement part 1 and a healthy bone at a preset replacement position, and the tibia prosthesis is a 3D printing tibia prosthesis; the tibial replacement component 1 includes: the tibia marrow cavity inserting unit 11, the bearing unit 12 and the talus fixing unit 13 are connected in sequence. The tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the invention overcomes the technical defects that rapid healing cannot be realized and good initial stability and long-term stability cannot be ensured in bone defect reconstruction in the prior art, and further ensures that a patient has good knee joint function after surgery.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, a patient can completely cut off a focus at the far end of the tibia, so that the focus is not easy to relapse, meanwhile, a 3D printed personalized tibia far-end prosthesis is designed and placed according to CT data or nuclear magnetic data of a range invaded by the cut-off focus, and compared with a variant bone and a tibia plate used in the prior art, the tibia far-end prosthesis has better stability and reliability, is more accurate in operation, greatly reduces operation difficulty and risk, reduces operation time, and is more beneficial to the recovery of the patient.

Each patient uses the personalized tibial prosthesis, so that the difficulty in the operation process is reduced, meanwhile, the tibial prosthesis can be perfectly matched with an affected part, good initial stability is obtained, an interface is rapidly healed, and the pain of the patient after healing is reduced; meanwhile, the effect after healing can be improved, and good long-term stability is ensured, so that the patients can recover good knee joint functions.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme and effectively reduce the operation difficulty in the operation process and improve the precision degree of the tibial prosthesis, in the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the tibial replacement part 1 is of an integrally formed structure and/or the fixing part 2 is of an integrally formed structure. The use of adapting unit such as the reducible connecting screw of integrated into one piece structure effectively reduces the operation degree of difficulty, simultaneously, to long-term postoperative healing in-process, can not influence tibial prosthesis's implantation effect because of adapting unit's not hard up.

Referring to fig. 4, in the tibial prosthesis according to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vertical grooves are formed on the surface of the tibial medullary cavity insertion unit 11. The structural design of the vertical groove can effectively improve the contact area between the tibial bone marrow cavity insertion unit 11 and bone cement of a patient, thereby effectively preventing the tibial bone marrow cavity insertion unit 11 from rotating after being implanted, and further improving the stability of the tibial prosthesis after being integrally implanted.

With further reference to fig. 5, in order to effectively reduce the foreign body sensation of the patient after the tibial prosthesis is implanted, on the basis of ensuring the mechanical properties and satisfying the physiological characteristics of the patient, in the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the weight-reducing treatment can be performed on the load-bearing unit 12, and specifically, the interior of the load-bearing unit 12 can be designed to be a honeycomb structure. In the process of practical application, the bearing unit 12 can be designed into a triangular hollow structure, a rhombic hollow structure and the like, and different lightweight treatments can be carried out according to different structures of specific affected parts.

In order to further optimize the technical solution, please refer to fig. 6 herein, in order to effectively enhance the strength and stability of the tibial replacement part 1, in the tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the lower portion of the talus fixing unit 13 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures.

Meanwhile, in order to enable the tibia prosthesis to be tightly combined with the connected talus, in the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the talus fixing unit 13 is of a bone trabecular structure.

Furthermore, on the basis of determining that the tibial prosthesis is tightly combined with the talus, the growth of the bone of the patient is promoted, and in the tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the invention, the porosity of the trabecular bone structure is 40-85%.

In order to effectively reduce the complexity of the operation and simultaneously give consideration to good fixing effects in a short term and a medium-long term, in the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the talus fixing part 2 is fixed with the talus through screws.

In order to ensure a good fixing effect of the fixing portion 2 and reduce the operation difficulty in the operation process, in the tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing portion 2 includes a proximal fixing unit 21 and a distal fixing unit 22, the proximal fixing unit 21 is connected with the healthy bone at the position to be replaced by a steel cable bundle, and the distal fixing unit 22 is connected with the bearing unit 12 by any one or more connecting structures of a screw, a groove or a steel cable bundle.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, in order to reduce the blood supply influence on the contact surface after the tibial prosthesis is implanted, the surface of the proximal end fixing unit 21 is provided with a plurality of bosses, and the bosses are in point contact, so that the blood supply influence on the contact surface can be effectively reduced.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tibial prosthesis, comprising: the tibia replacement part and the fixing part are used for fixing the tibia replacement part and a healthy bone at a preset replacement position, and the tibia prosthesis is a 3D printing tibia prosthesis;

2. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein said tibial replacement component is a unitary, one-piece structure,

and/or the fixing part is of an integrally formed structure.

3. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1 or 2, wherein said tibial medullary cavity insert unit has a surface provided with a plurality of vertical grooves.

4. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1 or 2, wherein the interior of the weight bearing unit is of a honeycomb structure.

5. Tibial prosthesis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower part of the talar fixation unit is provided with a number of stiffener structures.

6. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1 or 2, wherein said talar fixation unit is a trabecular bone structure.

7. The tibial prosthesis of claim 6, wherein said trabecular bone structure has a porosity of 40-85%.

8. The tibial prosthesis of claim 6, wherein said talar fixation portion is secured to the talus by a screw.

9. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein said fixation portion comprises a proximal fixation unit and a distal fixation unit, said proximal fixation unit being connected to the healthy bone at the location to be replaced by a cable tie, said distal fixation unit being connected to said weight bearing unit by any one or more of a screw, a groove or a cable tie.

10. The tibial prosthesis of claim 9, wherein said proximal fixation unit has a surface provided with a plurality of bosses.