CN211046552U - Solar controller - Google Patents
Solar controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN211046552U CN211046552U CN201921878262.2U CN201921878262U CN211046552U CN 211046552 U CN211046552 U CN 211046552U CN 201921878262 U CN201921878262 U CN 201921878262U CN 211046552 U CN211046552 U CN 211046552U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar controller, which comprises a solar panel, a battery and a singlechip, wherein the singlechip comprises five ports from P1 to P5, and the solar panel is connected with P1 through a field effect transistor T1 and a resistor R1 which are connected in series; the solar panel is connected with the P2 through a resistor R2; the solar panel is connected with P3 through a field effect transistor T2 and a resistor R3 which are sequentially connected in series; the battery is connected with the P4 through a resistor R4; the battery is connected with P5 through a field effect transistor T3 and a resistor R5 which are connected in series. The utility model discloses a field effect switch tube accurate control switches and does not charge for the battery when solar panel output is 9.5V ~ 12.5V, only for the equipment power supply, so, most cloudy day, sunshine can both be utilized morning and evening, has improved efficiency to can dispose 30W's solar panel and 7 AH's battery, reduce the distribution cost by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a controller field, concretely relates to solar controller.
Background
Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, but the utilization efficiency of solar energy under the current technical conditions is very low and is generally less than 20%.
The solar controller is a component for controlling the solar panel and the battery to supply power to the load, taking a common 12V solar power supply system as an example, when sunlight is sufficient and the output of the solar panel exceeds 15V, the solar panel charges the battery, and the battery supplies power to the load at the same time; when the output of the solar panel is less than 12V, the solar panel is automatically switched to supply power to the battery, and the battery is not charged by solar energy any more, so most of the solar panel is supplied with power by the battery on cloudy days and under the conditions of weak sunlight in the morning and at night, the total battery supply time is long, a high-capacity battery needs to be equipped, and the solar energy cannot be fully utilized.
Therefore, there is a need for further improvement of the prior art to provide a solar controller that improves the solar utilization.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an improve solar control ware of solar energy utilization ratio.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a solar controller comprises a solar panel, a battery and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the single chip microcomputer is an STC51 single chip microcomputer and at least comprises five input ports of P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, and the solar controller comprises:
the solar panel is connected with P1 through a field effect transistor T1 and a resistor R1 which are sequentially connected in series;
the solar panel is connected with the P2 through a resistor R2;
the solar panel is connected with P3 through a field effect transistor T2 and a resistor R3 which are sequentially connected in series;
the battery is connected with the P4 through a resistor R4;
the battery is connected with P5 through a field effect transistor T3 and a resistor R5 which are sequentially connected in series;
the solar panel and the battery are both connected with a load;
the output voltage of the solar panel is input to a P2 port of the single chip microcomputer through a resistor R2, and the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is measured through A/D conversion:
preferably, when the voltage is 9.5-12.5V, the P1 port of the single chip microcomputer outputs high level to control the field effect transistor T1 to be switched on, the output voltage of the solar panel is directly switched on to a load, meanwhile, the P3 port and the P5 port of the single chip microcomputer output low level to control the field effect transistor T2 to be switched off, the battery charging is stopped, the field effect transistor T3 is controlled to be switched off, and the battery is stopped to supply power to the load;
preferably, when the output voltage of the solar panel is greater than 12.5V, the P1 port of the single chip microcomputer outputs a low level to control the fet T1 to be turned off, the solar panel is turned off to supply power to the load, meanwhile, the P3 port outputs a high level to control the fet T2 to be turned on, the solar panel charges the battery, the P5 port outputs a high level to control the T3 to be turned on, and the battery supplies power to the load.
Preferably, in order to prevent the battery from being overcharged, every 5 minutes, the singlechip P4 outputs a low level to control the FET T2 to be disconnected, the P4 port of the singlechip measures the battery voltage, and when the battery voltage reaches 12.6V, the P4 outputs a high level to control the FET T4 to be disconnected, so that the battery charging is stopped.
Preferably, in order to prevent the battery from discharging, when the battery is powered, the battery voltage is measured by the port P4 every 5 minutes, when the battery voltage is lower than 9.5V, the output low level of the P5 controls the FET T3 to be disconnected, the output high level of the P1 controls the FET T1 to be connected for supplying power to the load, and the output high level of the P3 controls the FET T2 to be connected for charging the battery.
Preferably, the field effect transistors TI, T2 and T3 are model 2SK 2676.
Preferably, the resistance value of the resistor R1 is 1k Ω, and the resistance value of the resistor R2 is 5.1k Ω.
Preferably, the resistance value of the resistor R3 is 1k Ω, and the resistance value of the resistor R4 is 1k Ω.
Preferably, the resistance value of the resistor R5 is 5.1k Ω.
Preferably, the solar panel is configured as a 30W solar panel.
Preferably, the battery is configured as a 7AH battery.
The utility model discloses profitable technological effect: the utility model discloses a field effect switch tube accurate control switches and does not charge for the battery when solar panel output is 9.5V ~ 12.5V, only for the equipment power supply, so, most cloudy day, sunshine can both be utilized morning and evening, has improved efficiency to can dispose 30W's solar panel and 7 AH's battery, reduce the distribution cost by a wide margin.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a solar controller according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a solar controller includes a solar panel W1, a battery W2 and a single chip microcomputer U1, the single chip microcomputer U1 is an STC51 single chip microcomputer and at least includes five input ports P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, wherein:
the anode of the solar panel W1 is connected with the P1 through a field effect transistor T1 and a resistor R1 which are sequentially connected in series;
the anode of the solar panel W1 is connected with P2 through a resistor R2;
the anode of the solar panel W1 is connected with the P3 through a field effect transistor T2 and a resistor R3 which are sequentially connected in series;
the negative pole of solar panel W1 is direct respectively with singlechip and ground connection.
The positive electrode of the battery W2 is connected with P4 through a resistor R4;
the positive electrode of the battery W2 is connected with the P5 through a field effect transistor T3 and a resistor R5 which are sequentially connected in series;
the negative electrode of the battery W2 is directly grounded.
The solar panel W1 and the battery are both connected with a load;
the output voltage of the solar panel is input to a P2 port of the single chip microcomputer through a resistor R2, and the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is measured through A/D conversion:
preferably, when the voltage is 9.5-12.5V, the P1 port of the single chip microcomputer outputs high level to control the field effect transistor T1 to be switched on, the output voltage of the solar panel is directly switched on to a load, meanwhile, the P3 port and the P5 port of the single chip microcomputer output low level to control the field effect transistor T2 to be switched off, the battery charging is stopped, the field effect transistor T3 is controlled to be switched off, and the battery is stopped to supply power to the load;
preferably, when the output voltage of the solar panel is greater than 12.5V, the P1 port of the single chip microcomputer outputs a low level to control the fet T1 to be turned off, the solar panel is turned off to supply power to the load, meanwhile, the P3 port outputs a high level to control the fet T2 to be turned on, the solar panel charges the battery, the P5 port outputs a high level to control the T3 to be turned on, and the battery supplies power to the load.
Preferably, in order to prevent the battery from being overcharged, every 5 minutes, the singlechip P4 outputs a low level to control the FET T2 to be disconnected, the voltage of the battery is measured through a P4 port of the singlechip, and when the voltage of the battery reaches 12.6V, the P4 outputs a high level to control the FET T4 to be disconnected, so that the battery is stopped to be charged.
Preferably, in order to prevent the battery from discharging, when the battery is powered, the battery voltage is measured by the port P4 every 5 minutes, when the battery voltage is lower than 9.5V, the output low level of the P5 controls the FET T3 to be disconnected, the output high level of the P1 controls the FET T1 to be connected for supplying power to the load, and the output high level of the P3 controls the FET T2 to be connected for charging the battery.
Specifically, the models and sizes of the respective electronic components are as follows:
the field effect transistors TI, T2 and T3 are model 2SK 2676. The resistance value of the resistor R1 is 1k omega, and the resistance value of the resistor R2 is 5.1k omega. The resistance value of the resistor R3 is 1k omega, and the resistance value of the resistor R4 is 1k omega. The resistance of the resistor R5 is 5.1k omega. The solar panel is configured as a 30W solar panel. The battery is configured as a 7AH battery.
The utility model discloses a field effect switch tube accurate control switches and does not charge for the battery when solar panel output is 9.5V ~ 12.5V, only for the equipment power supply, so, most cloudy day, sunshine can both be utilized morning and evening, has improved efficiency to can dispose 30W's solar panel and 7 AH's battery, reduce the distribution cost by a wide margin.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings and teachings. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, the terms are used for convenience of description and do not limit the utility model in any way.
Claims (9)
1. The solar controller is characterized by comprising a solar panel, a battery and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the single chip microcomputer is an STC51 single chip microcomputer and at least comprises five input ports of P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, and the solar controller comprises:
the solar panel is connected with P1 through a field effect transistor T1 and a resistor R1 which are sequentially connected in series;
the solar panel is connected with the P2 through a resistor R2;
the solar panel is connected with P3 through a field effect transistor T2 and a resistor R3 which are sequentially connected in series;
the battery is connected with the P4 through a resistor R4;
the battery is connected with P5 through a field effect transistor T3 and a resistor R5 which are sequentially connected in series;
the solar panel and the battery are both connected with a load;
the output voltage of the solar panel is input to a P2 port of the single chip microcomputer through a resistor R2, and the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is measured through A/D conversion:
when the voltage is 9.5-12.5V, the P1 port of the single chip microcomputer outputs high level to control the field effect transistor T1 to be switched on, the output voltage of the solar panel is directly switched on to a load, meanwhile, the P3 port and the P5 port of the single chip microcomputer output low level to control the field effect transistor T2 to be switched off, the battery charging is stopped, the field effect transistor T3 is controlled to be switched off, and the battery is stopped to supply power to the load;
when solar panel's output voltage is greater than 12.5V, the P1 port output low level of singlechip, control field effect transistor T1 disconnection, solar panel disconnection is the load power supply, and P3 port output high level control field effect transistor T2 switches on simultaneously, and solar panel does the battery charges, and P5 port output high level control T3 switches on, the battery is the load power supply.
2. The solar controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the P4 single chip microcomputer outputs a low level to control the fet T2 to be turned off every 5 minutes to prevent the battery from being overcharged, the battery voltage is measured through the P4 port of the single chip microcomputer, and when the battery voltage reaches 12.6V, the P4 outputs a high level to control the fet T4 to be turned off to stop the battery from being overcharged.
3. The solar controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein to prevent the battery from discharging, the battery voltage is measured at the port P4 every 5 minutes when the battery is powered, when the battery voltage is lower than 9.5V, the P5 output low control fet T3 is turned off, the P1 output high control fet T1 is turned on to power the load, and the P3 output high control fet T2 is turned on to charge the battery.
4. A solar controller according to claim 1, wherein the field effect transistors TI, T2 and T3 are of the type 2SK 2676.
5. The solar controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistor R1 has a resistance of 1k Ω, and the resistor R2 has a resistance of 5.1k Ω.
6. The solar controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistor R3 has a resistance of 1k Ω, and the resistor R4 has a resistance of 1k Ω.
7. The solar controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistance R5 is 5.1k Ω.
8. The solar controller of claim 1, wherein the solar panel is configured as a 30W solar panel.
9. The solar controller of claim 1, wherein the battery is configured as a 7AH battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921878262.2U CN211046552U (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Solar controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921878262.2U CN211046552U (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Solar controller |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211046552U true CN211046552U (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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ID=71538820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921878262.2U Active CN211046552U (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Solar controller |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211046552U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-11-01 CN CN201921878262.2U patent/CN211046552U/en active Active
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