CN211045740U

CN211045740U - Yagi antenna

Info

Publication number: CN211045740U
Application number: CN201922357826.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘若鹏; 赵治亚; 马留涛
Original assignee: Xi'an Guangqi Advanced Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: Shenzhen Guangqi High End Equipment Technology Research And Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-24
Filing date: 2019-12-24
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a yagi antenna, this yagi antenna includes the foundation beam and installs a pair of reflection oscillator on the foundation beam in proper order, radiating element and many to leading to the oscillator, wherein, the foundation beam is the long bar of straight line, an end and a pair of reflection oscillator of foundation beam all are connected, another end and many to leading to a pair of in the oscillator of foundation beam all are connected, radiating element and many to leading to the minimum of distance between the oscillator is less than the distance between radiating element and a pair of reflection oscillator, the foundation beam, a pair of reflection oscillator, many to leading to the oscillator forms the first plane jointly, radiating element and first plane are not coplane. The utility model provides a yagi antenna can promote the antenna bandwidth when guaranteeing antenna gain.

Description

Yagi antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an antenna technology field, more specifically relates to a yagi antenna.

Background

Currently, a High Frequency (VGH) antenna in the market generally adopts a whip or disc-cone monopole antenna, and the monopole antenna has a narrow bandwidth and a low gain. Yagi-yagi.

However, although the gain of the conventional yagi antenna is higher than that of the monopole antenna, the relative bandwidth of the conventional yagi antenna is similar to that of the monopole antenna, and is about 10%. Therefore, how to increase the antenna bandwidth while ensuring the antenna gain is an important problem that needs to be solved in the yagi antenna.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a yagi antenna can promote the antenna bandwidth when guaranteeing antenna gain.

The utility model provides a yagi antenna, yagi antenna includes the foundation beam and installs in proper order a pair of reflection oscillator, radiating element and many pairs of leading to the oscillator on the foundation beam, wherein, the foundation beam is the long bar of straight line, a terminal of foundation beam with a pair of reflection oscillator all connects, another end of foundation beam with many pairs of leading to a pair of in the oscillator all connect, radiating element with many pairs of minimum of leading to between the oscillator be less than radiating element with distance between a pair of reflecting element, the foundation beam a pair of reflecting element many pairs of leading to the oscillator and form the first plane jointly, radiating element with the first plane is coplane not.

Optionally, a distance between a guide element adjacent to the radiating element in the multiple pairs of guide elements and the radiating element is 0.081 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to an operating center frequency of the yagi antenna.

Optionally, in a direction from the radiating oscillator to the multiple pairs of director oscillators, lengths of the multiple pairs of director oscillators are sequentially shortened by a preset shortening factor, and the preset shortening factor is in an interval of 2% to 3%.

Optionally, the pair of reflection oscillators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam, each reflection oscillator is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of the h-shape are fixed on the base beam.

Optionally, the multiple pairs of guiding vibrators include a first pair of guiding vibrators, a second pair of guiding vibrators and a third pair of guiding vibrators which are sequentially arranged on the base beam, the first pair of guiding vibrators are closest to the radiating vibrator in the multiple pairs of guiding vibrators, and the third pair of guiding vibrators are all connected with the other end of the base beam.

Optionally, the first pair of guiding vibrators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam, each guiding vibrator is Y-shaped, and two end points of the top of the Y-shape are fixed on the base beam.

Optionally, the second pair of director vibrators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam, each director vibrator is Y-shaped, and two end points of the top of the Y-shape are fixed on the base beam.

Optionally, the third pair of guiding vibrators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam, each guiding vibrator is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of each h-shape are fixed on the base beam.

Optionally, in a direction from the radiating element to the plurality of pairs of director elements, a distance between the first pair of director elements and the second pair of director elements is smaller than a distance between the second pair of director elements and the third pair of director elements.

Optionally, the reflection oscillator and the plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators are parallel to each other, and the reflection oscillator and the plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators are perpendicular to the base beam respectively.

Optionally, the radiating element is an X-type metal structure, wherein,

the plane of the X-shaped metal structure is vertical to the first plane;

the crossing point of the X-shaped metal structure is fixed on the base beam;

and one symmetry axis of the X-shaped metal structure is the projection of the reflection vibrator or the plurality of pairs of guiding vibrators on the plane where the X-shaped metal structure is located.

Optionally, an included angle in the X-shaped metal structure of the radiation oscillator is 10 °.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a yagi antenna includes the foundation beam and installs a pair of reflection oscillator on the foundation beam in proper order, radiating vibrator and many to leading to the oscillator, wherein, the foundation beam is the long bar of straight line, an end and a pair of reflection oscillator of foundation beam all are connected, another end and many of foundation beam are all connected to leading to a pair of in the oscillator, radiating vibrator and many to leading to the minimum of distance between the oscillator is less than the distance between radiating vibrator and a pair of reflection oscillator, the foundation beam, a pair of reflection oscillator, many to leading to the oscillator and form the first plane jointly, radiating vibrator and first plane are not coplane. The utility model provides a yagi antenna has promoted the antenna bandwidth when guaranteeing antenna gain.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a front view of the yagi antenna of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a plan view of the yagi antenna of the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a side view of the yagi antenna of the present invention;

fig. 4 shows the standing wave ratio of the yagi antenna of the present invention in the operating frequency band;

fig. 5 shows the yagi antenna E-plane gain of the present invention;

fig. 6 shows the yagi antenna H-plane gain of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by like reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Moreover, certain well-known elements may not be shown in the figures.

Numerous specific details of the invention, such as structure, materials, dimensions, processing techniques and techniques of the devices are described below in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the yagi antenna front view of the present invention, fig. 2 shows the yagi antenna top view of the present invention, and fig. 3 shows the yagi antenna side view of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the yagi antenna that an embodiment provided, including base beam 1 and install a pair of reflection oscillator 2, radiation oscillator 3 and many pairs of leading to oscillators 4 on base beam 1 in proper order, wherein, base beam 1 is the linear length bar, a terminal and a pair of reflection oscillator 2 of base beam 1 are all connected, another terminal and many pairs of leading to oscillators 4 of base beam 1 are all connected, the minimum of distance between radiation oscillator 3 and the many pairs of leading to oscillators 4 is less than the distance between radiation oscillator 3 and a pair of reflection oscillator 2, base beam 1, a pair of reflection oscillator 2, many pairs of leading to oscillators 4 and form the first plane jointly, radiation oscillator 3 and first plane are not coplane. The embodiment of the utility model provides an this yagi antenna has promoted the antenna bandwidth when guaranteeing antenna gain.

In an optional embodiment, a distance h1 between the radiating element 3 and the director element 4 adjacent to the radiating element 3 in the multiple pairs of director elements 4 is 0.081 λ, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a working center frequency of the yagi antenna, so that the pair of director elements 4 adjacent to the radiating element 3 as parasitic elements realizes expansion of an antenna bandwidth through coupling between electric fields, so that the yagi antenna can ensure an antenna gain and simultaneously significantly improve the antenna bandwidth.

Referring to fig. 1, in the direction from the radiating element 3 to the multiple pairs of guiding elements 4, the lengths of the multiple pairs of guiding elements 4 can be sequentially shortened according to a preset shortening factor, and the preset shortening factor is in the interval of 2% to 3%, so that the yagi antenna achieves a better bandwidth.

The specific structure of the reflector 2 may be as follows: the pair of reflection vibrators 2 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam 1, each reflection vibrator 2 is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of each h-shaped reflection vibrator are fixed on the base beam 1.

The above-mentioned multiple pairs of guiding vibrators 4 may include a first pair of guiding vibrators, a second pair of guiding vibrators, and a third pair of guiding vibrators which are sequentially arranged on the base beam 1, and the specific structures of the three pairs of guiding vibrators 4 may be respectively set as follows:

the first pair of leading vibrators are closest to the radiation vibrator 3 in the plurality of pairs of leading vibrators 4, are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam 1, are Y-shaped, and are fixed on the base beam 1 at two top end points;

the second pair of leading vibrators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam 1, each leading vibrator is Y-shaped, and two end points of the top of each Y-shaped leading vibrator are fixed on the base beam 1;

the third pair of leading vibrators are connected with the other tail end of the base beam 1, the third pair of leading vibrators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam 1, each leading vibrator is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of each h-shaped vibrator are fixed on the base beam 1.

And in the direction from the radiating vibrator 3 to the plurality of pairs of leading vibrators 4, the distance h2 between the first pair of leading vibrators and the second pair of leading vibrators is smaller than the distance h3 between the second pair of leading vibrators and the third pair of leading vibrators. The reflection vibrator 2 and the plurality of pairs of guiding vibrators 4 are parallel to each other, and the reflection vibrator 2 and the plurality of pairs of guiding vibrators 4 are perpendicular to the base beam 1 respectively.

Specifically, for a yagi antenna, the length of the leading element is slightly shorter than one-half wavelength, the length of the radiating element is one-half wavelength, the length of the reflecting element is slightly longer than one-half wavelength, and the spacing between two pairs of adjacent elements is about one-quarter wavelength. Based on the structure, the leading vibrator is capacitive to the induction signal and can enhance the electric wave transmitted from the side of the leading vibrator or the electric wave emitted from the side of the leading vibrator; the reflecting oscillator is sensitive to the induction signal and can weaken the electric wave transmitted from the side of the reflecting oscillator or emitted to the side of the reflecting oscillator, so that the yagi antenna achieves better directivity. The embodiment of the utility model provides a yagi antenna, the length that leads to oscillator 4 adjacent with radiating element 3 can set up to 0.46 lambda less than half wavelength to make many to lead to oscillator 4 and all be the capacitive, thereby realize the purpose of expansion bandwidth through reducing the inductance value that leads to oscillator 4 more.

It should be noted that, for the yagi antenna, the increase of the directing elements makes the directivity and the gain of the antenna stronger, but when the number of the directing elements is increased to a certain value, the improvement effect of the directivity and the gain of the antenna is less obvious, but the problems of high requirement on material strength and high cost are obvious.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned many pairs of leading to the oscillator 4 of yagi antenna set up to 3 pairs as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3 for the improvement effect of antenna characteristic and antenna cost reach better combination on the whole.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in another alternative embodiment, the radiating element 3 is an X-shaped metal structure comprising a first branch 31 and a second branch 32, each of which is linear, wherein,

referring to fig. 1, the plane of the X-shaped metal structure is perpendicular to the first plane;

referring to fig. 2 and 3, the intersection point of the X-shaped metal structure is fixed to the base beam 1;

referring to fig. 2, one axis of symmetry of the X-shaped metal structure is the projection of the reflective dipole 2 or pairs of director dipoles 4 onto the plane on which the X-shaped metal structure lies.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, establish to the X type through the radiating element with the yagi antenna, combine the adjacent oscillator that leads to of radiating element to be close to the radiating element for the yagi antenna has increased substantially the antenna bandwidth through the coupling between the electric field.

Further, based on the comprehensive consideration of small volume and large bandwidth, the angle of one included angle in the X-shaped metal structure of the radiating oscillator 3 may be set to 10 °, and since the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 intersect to form the X-shaped metal structure, the angle of the other included angle in the X-shaped metal structure is 170 °.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned five unit yagi antennas can make the relative bandwidth of antenna reach 22.2%, compare in the relative bandwidth of current yagi antenna about 10%, the utility model provides a five unit yagi antennas have carried out improvement by a wide margin to relative bandwidth.

It should be noted that the radiating element of the yagi antenna is in the form of a dipole, the bandwidth of the dipole has certain self-limitation, and in order to widen the bandwidth of the antenna, the structure of the yagi antenna must be changed, however, the directivity and gain of the antenna are affected while the structure of the yagi antenna is changed.

Use 40MHz-50MHz as working frequency channel, figure 4 shows the utility model discloses a yagi antenna standing-wave ratio in working frequency channel, wherein, f0 is the intermediate frequency point in the working frequency channel, and f1 is the low frequency point in the working frequency channel, and f2 is the high frequency point in the working frequency channel. As can be seen from fig. 4: the standing-wave ratio in the whole working frequency range is less than 2.2.

Use 40MHz-50MHz as working frequency channel equally, fig. 5 shows the utility model discloses a yagi antenna E face gain, fig. 6 shows the utility model discloses a yagi antenna H face gain, wherein, the directional diagram main lobe uses 0 axis as the symmetry axis, and f0 is the intermediate frequency point in the working frequency channel, and f1 is the low frequency point in the working frequency channel, and f2 is the high frequency point in the working frequency channel. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6: the antenna gains of the antenna at the low, middle and high frequency points in the working frequency band are all larger than 7.5 dB.

In conjunction with fig. 4, 5 and 6, it can be seen that: the utility model provides a yagi antenna also has better performance in the aspect of the directionality and the gain of antenna, therefore, the utility model provides a yagi antenna through the change of structure, has realized promoting the purpose of antenna bandwidth when guaranteeing antenna gain and directionality.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention as set forth above, these embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and its various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The yagi antenna is characterized by comprising a base beam, a pair of reflection oscillators, a radiation oscillator and a plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators, wherein the pair of reflection oscillators, the radiation oscillator and the plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators are sequentially mounted on the base beam, the base beam is in a linear long strip shape, one tail end of the base beam is connected with the pair of reflection oscillators, the other tail end of the base beam is connected with one pair of guiding oscillators, the minimum value of the distance between the radiation oscillator and the plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators is smaller than the distance between the radiation oscillator and the pair of reflection oscillators, the base beam, the pair of reflection oscillators and the plurality of pairs of guiding oscillators form a first plane together, and the radiation oscillator and the first plane are not coplanar.

2. The yagi antenna of claim 1, wherein a director element of the plurality of director element pairs adjacent to the radiating element is located 0.081 λ from the radiating element, λ being a wavelength corresponding to an operating center frequency of the yagi antenna.

3. The yagi antenna according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of the pairs of director elements in the direction from the radiating element to the pairs of director elements are successively shortened by a preset shortening factor, the preset shortening factor being in the interval of 2% to 3%.

4. The yagi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pair of reflection oscillators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the base beam, each reflection oscillator is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of the h-shape are fixed on the base beam.

5. The yagi antenna of claim 1, wherein the multiple pairs of guiding elements comprise a first pair of guiding elements, a second pair of guiding elements and a third pair of guiding elements which are sequentially arranged on the base beam, the first pair of guiding elements is closest to the radiating element in the multiple pairs of guiding elements, and the third pair of guiding elements are connected with the other end of the base beam.

6. The yagi antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first pair of director elements are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the base beam, each director element is Y-shaped, and two ends of the top of the Y-shape are fixed on the base beam.

7. The yagi antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second pair of guiding elements are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the base beam, each guiding element is Y-shaped, and two ends of the top of the Y-shape are fixed on the base beam.

8. The yagi antenna as claimed in claim 7, wherein the third pair of guiding elements are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the base beam, each guiding element is h-shaped, and two end points of the bottom of the h-shape are fixed on the base beam.

9. The yagi antenna of claim 8, wherein a distance between the first pair of director elements and the second pair of director elements is less than a distance between the second pair of director elements and the third pair of director elements in a direction from the radiating element to the plurality of pairs of director elements.

10. The yagi antenna of claim 1, wherein the reflection element and the plurality of pairs of guiding elements are parallel to each other, and the reflection element and the plurality of pairs of guiding elements are perpendicular to the base beam respectively.

11. Yagi antenna according to claim 10, wherein the radiating element is an X-shaped metal structure, wherein,

the plane of the X-shaped metal structure is vertical to the first plane;

the crossing point of the X-shaped metal structure is fixed on the base beam;

12. Yagi antenna according to claim 11, wherein an angle of one of the X-shaped metal structures of the radiating element is 10 °.