CN211025185U - Vertical distillation still for straw organic feed - Google Patents
Vertical distillation still for straw organic feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN211025185U CN211025185U CN201922009056.4U CN201922009056U CN211025185U CN 211025185 U CN211025185 U CN 211025185U CN 201922009056 U CN201922009056 U CN 201922009056U CN 211025185 U CN211025185 U CN 211025185U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a vertical distillation kettle for straw organic feed, which comprises a kettle body, wherein the top of the kettle body is provided with a feed inlet III and a steam inlet for cooking/explosion expansion, the middle part of the kettle body is provided with a kettle body mounting seat, the lower part of the kettle body is provided with a steam heating jacket, the upper part of the steam heating jacket is provided with a jacket steam inlet, and the bottom of the steam heating jacket is provided with a jacket condensate outlet; a discharge hole III is formed in the bottom of the kettle body; a feed inlet locking mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the feed inlet III and comprises a set of feed inlet opening and closing assemblies and two sets of symmetrically arranged feed inlet locking assemblies with the same structure; the periphery of the discharge port III is provided with a discharge port locking mechanism, and the discharge port locking mechanism comprises a group of discharge port opening and closing assemblies and two groups of discharge port locking assemblies which are symmetrically arranged and have the same structure. The vertical distillation still for the straw organic feed performs expansion and explosion treatment on crop straws after steam passes through the vertical distillation still, serves as a core component of a straw treatment equipment system, and has good practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of expansion treatment equipment for organic straw forage grass, in particular to a vertical distillation still for organic straw forage grass.
Background
Biomass can be energy that is stored in the biomass as chemical energy by solar energy, which is derived directly or indirectly from photosynthesis by green plants. The straw is a general term of stem leaf (ear) part of mature crops. Typically refers to the remainder of the wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, sorghum, sugar cane and other crops (typically roughages) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and are coarse feed, and the straws are characterized by high content (30-40%) of coarse fibers and lignin and the like. Straw, as a biological forage, is considered to be the most environmentally friendly and economical way of conversion. Through scientific demonstration, the puffed and exploded straw can keep original nutritional ingredients without adding any additive, and is sterilized by bacteria and plant diseases and insect pests in the high-temperature steam straw, so that the puffed and exploded straw is a better forage for raising meat animals, and can achieve conversion and absorption to a greater extent.
Steam explosion, namely wall breaking, is a technology for pretreating biomass in an explosion process realized by applying a steam ejection principle, and steam molecules penetrating into plant tissues are instantaneously released, so that the internal energy of steam is converted into mechanical energy and acts between cell layers of the biomass tissues, and the raw materials are decomposed according to purposes by using less energy. The method not only avoids the secondary pollution problem of chemical treatment, but also solves the problem of low biological treatment efficiency at present, and is the most promising pretreatment technology in the field of biomass conversion.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a vertical stills of straw organic feed for to the crop straw material cook and expand and explode the operation.
The utility model discloses an adopt following technical scheme to realize:
a vertical distillation kettle for straw organic forage grass comprises a kettle body, wherein a feed inlet III and a steam boiling/explosion steam outlet are formed in the top of the kettle body, a kettle body mounting seat is arranged in the middle of the kettle body, a steam heating jacket is arranged at the lower part of the kettle body, a jacket steam inlet is formed in the upper part of the steam heating jacket, and a jacket condensate water outlet is formed in the bottom of the steam heating jacket; a discharge hole III is formed in the bottom of the kettle body; a feed inlet locking mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the feed inlet III and comprises a set of feed inlet opening and closing assemblies and two sets of symmetrically arranged feed inlet locking assemblies with the same structure; the periphery of the discharge port III is provided with a discharge port locking mechanism, and the discharge port locking mechanism comprises a group of discharge port opening and closing assemblies and two groups of discharge port locking assemblies which are symmetrically arranged and have the same structure.
During the use, before the feeding, open and press from both sides cover steam and preheat the valve, preheat stills in advance, the comdenstion water that produces in the reducible stills is sent into the stills jar internally with the straw, and the clearance stills feed inlet debris is expected after the dress is sufficient, starts feed inlet switching subassembly and closes the feed inlet, starts feed inlet locking subassembly locking feed inlet, and behind the locking feed inlet, hydraulic pressure closes feed inlet device and withdraws from operating condition. Open the steam inlet, cook the straw according to the time after letting in steam, the hydraulic locking subassembly of quick unblock discharge gate after the straw is accomplished to cook, later open the discharge gate through discharge gate switching module fast, ensure to explode in the twinkling of an eye the ejection of compact (being responsible for blowing the material by stills steam air inlet during the ejection of compact), the ejection of compact is accomplished to close stills steam inlet valve in the twinkling of an eye, accomplishes the ejection of compact that expands.
Preferably, the feed opening and closing assembly comprises a feed cover which is hinged to the feed opening III, the extending end of the feed cover is hinged to the cylinder body end of the feed opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, the rod end of the feed opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top of a feed opening and closing cover support, and the bottom end of the feed opening and closing cover support is fixed to the top of the kettle body; the feed inlet locking assembly comprises a feed inlet locking hinge seat fixed on the side surface of the feed inlet III and a feed inlet locking seat fixed on the top of the kettle body, the feed inlet locking seat is hinged to the cylinder body end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic cylinder, a sliding pin shaft is installed at the rod end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic cylinder, two ends of the sliding pin shaft are located in symmetrical sliding grooves in the top of a feed inlet locking support, a feed inlet locking pressing plate extends from the bottom end of the feed inlet locking support, the middle of the bottom surface of the feed inlet locking pressing plate is hinged to the feed inlet locking hinge seat, and the front portion of the feed inlet locking pressing plate is.
When the opening and closing operation of the feed port III is carried out, the feed port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder extends and inclines to drive the feed cover to rotate upwards along the feed port hinge seat and then open the feed port III; when the feed inlet III is closed by the feed cover, the feed inlet is opened and closed, and the hydraulic oil cylinder retracts. When the feed port III is locked and unlocked, the feed port locking hydraulic oil cylinder retracts, the feed port locking pressing plate rotates outwards, the feed port locking support and the feed port locking hydraulic oil cylinder are inclined along with the feed port locking pressing plate until the front part of the feed port locking pressing plate is completely separated from the feed cover, the feed cover is unlocked, and a sliding groove designed on the upper part of the feed port locking support can provide enough moving space for the upper part of the locking hydraulic oil cylinder; otherwise, the feed inlet locking hydraulic oil cylinder extends to drive the feed inlet locking pressing plate and the feed inlet locking support to rotate reversely until the front part of the feed inlet locking pressing plate presses the feed cover again and then stops.
Preferably, the discharge port opening and closing assembly comprises a discharge port opening and closing hinge seat fixed on the side surface of the discharge port III and a discharge port opening and closing support fixed on the side surface of the bottom of the kettle body, the discharge port opening and closing support is hinged with the cylinder body end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, the rod end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the rear part of a discharge port opening and closing door plate, the middle part of the discharge port opening and closing door plate is hinged with the discharge port opening and closing hinge seat, and the front part of the discharge port; the discharge port locking assembly comprises a discharge port locking hinge seat fixed on the side face of the discharge port III and a discharge port locking support fixed on the side face of the bottom of the kettle body, the discharge port locking support is hinged to the cylinder body end of the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder, the rod end of the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged to the rear portion of the discharge port locking pressing plate, the middle portion of the discharge port locking pressing plate is hinged to the discharge port locking hinge seat, and the front portion of the discharge port locking pressing plate is used for locking the discharge cover.
When the discharge port III is opened and closed, the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder shrinks and tilts at the same time, and the discharge port opening and closing door plate is driven to rotate around the discharge port opening and closing hinge seat and then the discharge cover is driven to rotate so as to open the discharge port III; when the valve is closed, the discharge port is opened and closed, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is extended. When locking and unlocking operations of the discharge port III are carried out, the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder contracts and inclines at the same time, the discharge port locking pressing plate is driven to rotate around the discharge port locking hinge base, the front part of the discharge port locking pressing plate is separated from the discharge cover, and locking is released; when the locking is carried out, the discharge port locks the hydraulic oil cylinder to retract.
The utility model relates to a rationally, this vertical stills of straw organic feed expands to the crop straw after through steam and explodes the processing, as the core component of straw treatment facility system, has fine practical application and worth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic diagram of a straw organic feed production line system.
Fig. 2 shows an overall schematic view of the screw feeder.
Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion C in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a rapid feeder.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic front view of the expansion chamber.
Figure 8 shows a schematic side view of the puffing chamber (in connection with a feed collector).
FIG. 9 shows a schematic of a vertical still.
FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of the feed port locking mechanism at the top of a vertical retort.
FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of a throat lock assembly.
FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of the throat opening and closing assembly.
FIG. 13 shows a side view of the throat opening and closing assembly.
FIG. 14 shows a top view of the throat lock.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a locking mechanism of a discharge port in the bottom of a vertical retort.
Fig. 16 shows a schematic view of the outlet opening and closing assembly.
Fig. 17 shows a bottom view of the spout locking mechanism.
In the figure: 1-a spiral feeder, 2-a spiral pipe feeder, 3-a quick feeder, 4-a vertical distillation still, 5-an expansion chamber, 501-a noise silencing layer, 6-a feed receiver, 7-a feed conveyor, 8-a packer, 9-a rotary screen, 10-a dust collector, 11-a hay cutter, 12-a hay cutter, 13-an operation platform, 14-a cross beam, 15-a steam pressure stabilizing tank, 16-a steam pipeline, 17-a condensation water tank, 18-a condensation pipeline, 19- (a gas) boiler, 20-an isolation support platform, 201-an isolation support sleeve and 21-a drying sleeve; 101-conveying outer pipe, 102-feeding hopper, 103-discharging port I, 104-feeding spiral conveying blade, 105-upper mandrel, 106-lower mandrel, 107-lower end cover, 108-upper end cover, 109-coupler, 110-feeding motor, 111-bearing seat, 112-lower support, 113-supporting seat, 114-upper support, 115-axial blade and 116-radial blade; 301-outer shell, 302-inlet II, 303-outlet II, 304-feeding motor, 305-feeding shaft, 306-feeding helical blade; 40-kettle body, 41-feed inlet III, 42-discharge outlet III, 43-steam heating jacket, 431-jacket steam inlet, 432-jacket condensed water outlet, 44-cooking/explosion steam inlet, 45-kettle body mounting seat, 46-safety valve tube seat, 47-common pin shaft, 48-common bolt, 49-nameplate and 50-rubber shock-absorbing elastic pad; 41 a-feed opening and closing assembly, 41a 1-feed cover, 41a 2-feed opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder, 41a 3-feed opening and closing cover support, 41a 4-feed opening hinged seat and 41a 5-pull ring; 41 b-feed port locking assembly, 41b 1-feed port locking hinge seat, 41b 2-feed port locking seat, 41b 3-feed port locking hydraulic oil cylinder, 41b 4-sliding pin shaft, 41b 5-feed port locking bracket, 41b 6-sliding groove and 41b 7-feed port locking pressing plate; 42 a-discharge port opening and closing assembly, 42a 1-discharge port opening and closing hinge base, 42a 2-discharge port opening and closing support, 42a 3-discharge port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder, 42a 4-discharge port opening and closing door plate and 42a 5-discharge cover; 42 b-discharge port locking assembly, 42b 1-discharge port locking hinge seat, 42b 2-discharge port locking support, 42b 3-discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder and 42b 4-discharge port locking pressure plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The vertical distillation still for straw organic feed is mainly applied to the following production line system for straw organic feed.
The straw organic feed production line system mainly comprises a spiral feeding machine 1, a spiral pipe feeder 2, a quick feeding machine 3, a vertical distillation kettle 4, a feed receiving machine 6, a feed conveyor 7, a packing machine 8, a steam pressure stabilizing tank 15, a condensed water pool 17, a boiler 19 and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the screw feeder 1 is arranged obliquely and dedicated to the upward transport of crop straw. The spiral feeding machine 1 comprises a conveying outer pipe 101, wherein a feeding hopper 102 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower end part of the conveying outer pipe 101, and a discharging port I103 is formed in the lower surface of the upper end part of the conveying outer pipe; a feeding spiral conveying blade 104 is arranged in the conveying outer pipe 101. As shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the feeding spiral conveying blade 104 is connected to the lower mandrel 106, and the end of the lower mandrel 106 passes through the center of the lower end cap 107 of the conveying outer tube 101 through a bearing and then is connected to the output shaft of the feeding motor 110 through a coupling 109; the lower end cap 107 of the conveying outer tube 101 is supported on a lower bracket 112 through a bearing seat 111. As shown in fig. 4, the upper end of the feeding screw conveying blade 104 is connected to the upper mandrel 105, the end of the upper mandrel 105 passes through the center of the upper end cap 108 of the conveying outer tube 101 through a bearing and then is connected to a supporting seat 113, and the supporting seat 113 is located on the upper bracket 114.
During operation, after the straw material is put into by the feeding funnel, material loading motor 110 drive material loading helical conveying blade 104 is rotatory, promotes the material after by the I103 drop of discharge gate.
In practical application, according to a common screw conveyerThe straw can not be smoothly conveyed upwards due to the frequent occurrence of material blocking and hanging conditions and material characteristics (poor flowability and different lengths), the spiral outer tube 101 is a seamless tube with the diameter of phi 800mm, and the upper mandrel 105 and the lower mandrel 106 are seamless tubes with the diameter of phi 168 mm. The central part of the helical blade cancels a mandrel, no mandrel can not hang materials, and multiple tests prove that the helical conveyer with the structural design completely meets the conveying requirements of straws and other straws. The pitch of the feeding spiral conveying blades 104 is gradually increased from bottom to top according to the distance of 400 mm-600 mm, namely the pitch of the spiral conveying blades at the lowest part is 400mm, and the pitch of the spiral conveying blades at the uppermost part is 600 mm. The pitch of the helical blades is gradually increased from small to small, the range of materials conveyed by the helical blades can be changed, for example, straw and the like can be used for realizing stable conveying. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of axial blades 115 are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the feed inlet of the outer conveying pipe 101, so that materials are prevented from being clamped between the blades and the pipe wall of the feed inlet. As shown in FIG. 5, a circle of radial blades 116 are arranged on the inner wall of the conveying outer pipe 101 every 40-50 cm, so that straws are prevented from being clamped between the blades and the wall of the pipe, and meanwhile, materials are prevented from being wound to cause that the materials cannot be conveyed. The blade is made of wear-resistant materials. The design can convey corn straws, wheat straws, bean straws and crop straws with irregular lengths controlled within 35 cm, and the hourly conveying capacity is 120m3The requirements of the production line are met.
As shown in FIG. 6, the rapid feeder 3 comprises an outer shell 301, the upper side of the outer shell 301 is provided with a feeding port II 302, the bottom of the outer shell 301 is provided with a discharging port II 303, the top of the outer shell 301 is provided with a feeding (decelerating) motor 304, the feeding motor 304 is connected with a feeding shaft 305, the feeding shaft 305 is provided with a feeding helical blade 306, the feeding helical blade 306 extends to the discharging port II 303, the diameter of the feeding helical blade 306 is gradually reduced from top to bottom according to the distance of 800 mm-450 mm, the diameter of the feeding helical blade at the uppermost part is 800mm, and the diameter of the feeding helical blade at the lowermost part (at the discharging port) is 450.
In operation, the feeding shaft 305 rotates to drive the feeding helical blade 306 to rotate, so as to force the material to be fed vertically.
During practical application, the quick feeder is simple in structure, is special for quick conveying of straws to the special equipment in the distillation kettle, and can increase the straw filling density in the distillation kettle in an internal forced mechanical spiral conveying mode.
As shown in fig. 9, the vertical distillation still 4 comprises a still body 40, a feed inlet iii 41, a steam inlet 44 for steaming/explosion and expansion (combining the steam port and the blowing port of the distillation still into a single pipe orifice) and a safety valve pipe seat 46 are arranged at the top of the still body 40, a still body mounting seat 45 is arranged at the middle part of the still body 40, a steam heating jacket 43 is arranged at the lower part of the still body 40 to increase the jacket preheating function and reduce the steam condensate in the still body, a jacket steam inlet 431 is arranged at the upper part of the steam heating jacket 43, and a jacket condensate outlet 432 is arranged at the bottom of the; the bottom of the kettle body 40 is provided with a discharge hole III 42.
As shown in fig. 14, a feed inlet locking mechanism is provided on the periphery of the feed inlet iii 41, and the feed inlet locking mechanism includes a set of feed inlet opening and closing assemblies 41a and two sets of feed inlet locking assemblies 41b with the same structure and arranged symmetrically.
As shown in fig. 12, the inlet opening and closing assembly 41a includes an inlet cover 41a1 hinged to the inlet iii 41, the inlet cover 41a1 is hinged to the inlet hinge seat 41a4 of the inlet iii 41 by a common pin 47, the extending end of the inlet cover 41a1 is hinged to the cylinder end of the inlet opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 41a2 by a common pin, as shown in fig. 13, the rod end of the inlet opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 41a2 is hinged to the top of the inlet opening and closing cover bracket 41a3 by a common pin, and the bottom end of the inlet opening and closing cover bracket 41a3 is fixed by welding to the side of the inlet iii 41 on the top of the kettle 40. When the feed port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder 41a2 extends and tilts to drive the feed cover 41a1 to rotate upwards along the feed port hinge seat 41a4 to open the feed port III 41; when the feed port iii 41 is closed by the feed cover 41a1, the feed port opening/closing hydraulic cylinder 41a2 may be retracted.
As shown in fig. 10, the feed inlet locking assembly 41b includes a feed inlet locking hinge seat 41b1 fixed to a side surface of the feed inlet iii 41 and a feed inlet locking seat 41b2 fixed to the top of the kettle 40 (beside the feed inlet iii 41), the feed inlet locking seat 41b2 is hinged to a cylinder end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic cylinder 41b3, a sliding pin 41b4 is mounted on a rod end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic cylinder 41b3, as shown in fig. 11, two ends of the sliding pin 41b4 are located in symmetrical sliding grooves 41b6 at the top of the feed inlet locking bracket 41b5, a feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 is horizontally extended from a bottom end of the feed inlet locking bracket 41b5, a feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 is hinged to a feed inlet locking hinge seat 41b1 at a middle of a bottom surface of the feed inlet locking pressing plate 41. When the feed inlet locking hydraulic oil cylinder 41b3 retracts during operation, the feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 rotates outwards, the feed inlet locking support 41b5 and the feed inlet locking hydraulic oil cylinder 41b3 incline along with the feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 until the front part of the feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 is completely separated from the feed cover 41a1, the feed cover 41a1 is unlocked, and the sliding groove 41b6 arranged at the upper part of the feed inlet locking support 41b5 can provide enough movable space for the upper part of the locking hydraulic oil cylinder 41b 3. On the contrary, the feed inlet locking hydraulic cylinder 41b3 is extended to drive the feed inlet locking pressing plate 41b7 and the feed inlet locking bracket 41b5 to rotate reversely until the front part of the feed inlet locking pressing plate presses the feed cover 41a1 again, and then the operation is stopped.
As shown in fig. 17, a discharge port locking mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the discharge port iii 42, and the discharge port locking mechanism includes a set of discharge port opening and closing assemblies 42a and two sets of symmetrically arranged discharge port locking assemblies 42b with the same structure.
As shown in fig. 16, the discharge port opening and closing assembly 42a includes a discharge port opening and closing hinge seat 42a1 fixed to a side surface of the discharge port iii 42 and a discharge port opening and closing support 42a2 fixed to a side surface of a bottom of the kettle body 40, the discharge port opening and closing support 42a2 is hinged to a cylinder end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 42a3 by a common pin shaft, a rod end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 42a3 is hinged to a rear portion of the discharge port opening and closing door panel 42a4 by a common pin shaft, a middle portion of the discharge port opening and closing door panel 42a4 is hinged to the discharge port opening and closing hinge seat 42a1 by a common pin shaft, and a front portion of the. When the discharging opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 42a3 contracts and tilts simultaneously, the discharging opening and closing door plate 42a4 is driven to rotate around the discharging opening and closing hinge seat 42a1, and then the discharging cover 42a5 is driven to rotate, so that the discharging opening III 42 is opened. When closed, the discharge port opening/closing hydraulic cylinder 42a3 may be extended.
As shown in fig. 15, the discharge port locking assembly 42b includes a discharge port locking hinge seat 42b1 fixed to the side surface of the discharge port iii 42 and a discharge port locking support 42b2 fixed to the side surface of the bottom of the kettle body 40, the discharge port locking support 42b2 is hinged to the cylinder end of the discharge port locking hydraulic cylinder 42b3 through a common pin shaft, and the discharge port locking support 42b2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for changing the mounting position of the cylinder. The rod end of the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder 42b3 is hinged with the rear part of the discharge port locking pressing plate 42b4 through a common pin shaft, the middle part of the discharge port locking pressing plate 42b4 is hinged with the discharge port locking hinge seat 42b1 through a common pin shaft, and the front part of the discharge port locking pressing plate 42b4 is used for locking the discharge cover 42a 5. When the automatic locking device works, the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder 42b3 contracts and tilts at the same time, the discharge port locking pressing plate 42b4 is driven to rotate around the discharge port locking hinge seat 42b1, and then the front part of the discharge port locking pressing plate is separated from the discharge cover 42a5, so that locking is released. When the discharge port is locked, the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder 42b3 only needs to retract.
As shown in fig. 1, three vertical stills 4 are mounted on a fixed beam 14 by using a kettle body mounting seat 45 at the middle part of the three vertical stills 4, the kettle body mounting seat 45 is mounted by using a rubber shock absorption elastic pad 50 and a bolt 48, the top of the vertical stills 4 is located on an operating platform 13, a track for movement of a rapid feeder 3 is arranged on the operating platform 13, a spiral pipe feeder 2 is horizontally arranged above the operating platform 13, the spiral pipe feeder 2 is located right above a feed port iii 41 of each vertical stills 4 and is provided with a discharge port iv, after the rapid feeder 3 moves to a certain discharge port iv position of the spiral pipe feeder 2 through the track, a feed port ii 302 of the rapid feeder 3 is communicated with the discharge port iv, and then a discharge port ii 303 of the rapid feeder 3 is communicated with a feed port iii 41 of the corresponding vertical stil. The feed inlet IV of the spiral pipe feeder 2 is positioned below the discharge outlet I103 of the spiral feeding machine 1 and communicated with the same. The discharge port III 42 of each vertical distillation kettle 4 is connected with the inlet of the respective expansion and explosion chamber 5, the top of the expansion and explosion chamber 5 is positioned on the isolation supporting platform 20, and the isolation supporting platform 20 is positioned between the top of each expansion and explosion chamber 5 and the bottom of the vertical distillation kettle 4 and is connected with the isolation supporting sleeve 201. The outlet of each expansion and explosion chamber 5 is connected with a corresponding feed inlet V of the feed receiver 6; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the explosion chamber 5 is conical, and a noise-deadening layer 501 is provided outside the explosion chamber 5. The discharge port V of the forage grass receiving machine 6 is positioned above and communicated with the feed port VI of the forage conveyor 7, and the discharge port VI of the forage grass conveyor 7 is connected with the packer 8. The feeding hopper 102 of the spiral feeding machine 1 is connected with the outlet of the drum screen 9, the dust-collecting dust collector 10 is arranged below the drum screen 9, the inlet of the drum screen 9 is communicated with the outlet of the hay cutter 11, and the inlet of the hay cutter 11 is communicated with the hay cutting feeding machine 12. The boiling/explosion steam inlet 44 and the jacket steam inlet 431 of the vertical distillation kettle 4 are connected with the steam pressure stabilizing tank 15 through a steam pipeline 16, and the steam pressure stabilizing tank 15 is connected with the boiler 19; the jacket condensate outlet 432 of the vertical still 4 is connected with the condensate water tank 17 through the condensate pipeline 18. A drying sleeve 21 is arranged outside the feed conveyor 7, a steam inlet of the drying sleeve 21 is communicated with the steam pressure stabilizing tank 15 through a steam pipeline 16, and a condensed water outlet of the drying sleeve 21 is connected with a condensed water pool 17 through a condensing pipeline 18.
A. And preparing and working the system equipment before operation.
a1, checking whether the boiler is normally operated and whether the display of an instrument valve on the boiler is normal, firstly ensuring the stability and safety of a steam source of the boiler, and before supplying air to the distillation kettle, firstly storing steam into a steam pressure stabilizing tank (the steam pressure stabilizing tank is required to be close to the distillation kettle) to ensure the stability of steam supply by steam pressure of the steam source.
a2, checking whether the hydraulic system and the pump station operate normally, whether the working instruction and the working state can be unified or not, whether the working instruction and the working state conform to the operating instruction displayed by the control room or not, and ensuring that all equipment can not operate with diseases, wherein the hydraulic system is required to be ensured to operate in place according to a program on time, accident potential is thoroughly eliminated, and the safety operation of the whole system of the equipment is ensured.
a3, working procedure of a distillation kettle hydraulic system:
a3.1, unsealing a feed inlet hydraulic locking assembly;
a3.2, opening the hydraulic feed inlet opening and closing assembly and opening the feed inlet;
a3.3, closing the discharge hole;
a3.4, locking the discharge port by the hydraulic device (after locking the discharge port, closing the discharge port, and withdrawing the hydraulic device from the working state);
a3.5, aligning the upper part of the rapid feeder with a spiral discharge hole, aligning the lower part of the rapid feeder with a feed hole of the distillation kettle, and opening the discharge hole of the spiral feeder;
a3.6, starting the drum screen and the dust collection and removal device;
a3.7, starting a spiral feeding machine and a spiral feeder;
a3.8, feeding materials to a rotary screen, and feeding materials into the distillation kettle sequentially through a spiral feeding machine, a spiral pipe feeder and a quick feeder;
a3.9, closing the feed inlet after feeding enough materials;
a3.10, opening a jacket steam valve before feeding, and preheating the whole distillation kettle;
a3.11, locking the feed inlet (after the feed inlet is locked, closing the feed inlet hydraulic device and exiting the working state);
a3.12, opening a purging steam valve, and introducing steam for cooking;
a3.13, after the cooking time is reached, opening a locking assembly of the discharge port and a hydraulic device of the opening and closing assembly to perform instantaneous explosion spraying and discharging;
a3.14 closing a steam valve of the distillation kettle at the moment of blowing the straw at the steam inlet of the distillation kettle;
a3.15, instantly exploding and expanding the materials, and then feeding the materials into an expansion and explosion chamber;
a3.16, conveying the materials into a feed conveyor through a spiral or scraper type feed collecting machine, conveying the feeds to a drying chamber, or arranging a drying sleeve outside the feed conveyor, drying the feeds in the conveying process by introducing steam, and pumping out water in the feed conveyor by using a vacuumizing device;
a3.17, drying the materials and then feeding the materials into a packaging machine;
and a3.18, completing the whole process of preparing the feed by the straws.
B. P L C is programmed according to the operation program, the hydraulic control system is an intelligent valve control program, and the program is required to be adjusted in time.
The straw explosion control program comprises the steps of opening a jacket steam preheating valve, feeding straws into a rotary screen, a spiral feeder, feeding straws into a spiral feeder, discharging from a discharge port of the spiral feeder, feeding straws into a distillation kettle tank, closing the spiral feeder, the discharge port of the feeder, the quick feeder, removing the quick feeder, cleaning sundries at a feed port of the distillation kettle, closing the feed port by a hydraulic device, locking the feed port by the hydraulic device, opening the feed port, closing the feed port, withdrawing the hydraulic device, opening a steam inlet, cooking straws according to time, quickly opening the discharge port when the straws finish cooking, ensuring instant explosion discharging (blowing the straws by a steam inlet of the distillation kettle during discharging), instantly closing a steam inlet valve of the distillation kettle during discharging, spraying the explosion onto the spiral conveyor, feeding straws into a straw conveying spiral pipe, additionally arranging a forage drying sleeve outside the spiral pipe, discharging forage and drying and exhausting forage, and feeding the forage, wherein the whole process control program is completed according to the control program of scheduling and P L C.
Before starting the equipment, an intelligent control valve is required to be adopted for carefully debugging a unit system and a hydraulic working part, the hydraulic intelligent valve is advanced or withdrawn, the speed of the 80% process is high, the speed of the 20% process is low, and the intelligent valve is required to be adjusted in place when the control work is not in place.
The whole operation program is a full-automatic control program, and the control program comprises P L C and an intelligent valve (both adopting an electromagnetic valve).
During the operation of the equipment, people cannot enter the explosion area and the non-operation area uniformly, doors of the explosion area and the non-working area are locked, the doors cannot be opened without general scheduling consent, and the equipment can be started after all hidden dangers are eliminated.
C. Distillation still and system equipment operation key
Whether the operation instruction of the hydraulic system is consistent with the computer instruction is confirmed, on-site workers are required to confirm that no fault exists in each link, no hidden danger exists, and the operation of equipment is required to be stopped in time when the hidden danger is found. After the equipment has the starting condition, the next working procedure can be entered. Firstly, checking whether auxiliary equipment of a distillation kettle has a normal running state; secondly, starting a hydraulic device to close a discharge hole; thirdly, locking the discharge port, and releasing pressure by the hydraulic closing device to exit the working state after the discharge port is locked; fourthly, opening the feeding hole, feeding the straws into a quick feeding machine by a spiral tube feeding machine, quickly feeding the straws by a feeding machine, moving the feeding machine away after enough materials are fed according to metering and checking time, closing the feeding hole, and locking the feeding hole by a hydraulic system; fifthly, opening a steam inlet valve of the distillation kettle, steaming the straws by high-pressure steam, and steaming the straws into clinker at a specified time; and sixthly, after the materials are cooked into clinker, closing the side steam inlet valve, opening the discharge hole locking device, quickly discharging the materials by means of steam pressure at the top of the tank body, and closing the top steam valve after the materials are discharged. Operating according to the program, and entering the next running program.
D. Basic parameters of equipment operation
The equipment volume: 10.5m3；
The straw filling coefficient is as follows: 0.7;
effective filling volume of the straws: 10.5m3Equivalent to 2100kg of straw weight in each tank;
the water content of the straw is as follows: 15-20%;
design pressure of the distillation kettle: 1.4 MPa;
working pressure of the distillation kettle: 1.2 MPa;
design temperature of the distillation kettle: 250 ℃;
working temperature of the distillation kettle: 190 ℃;
the retort fast fill time is predicted: 8 min;
discharging and spray explosion time of the distillation kettle: 2s, the discharge pressure is 1.0 MPa;
the requirement of the explosion expansion rate of the straws is more than or equal to 95 percent.
E. The main factors influencing the explosion expansion rate of the straws are as follows: cooking time, puffing time, straw moisture content and the like. If the explosion expansion rate is not lower than the expected target, the above factors can be adjusted, the straw storage time is too long, the moisture of the straw can be lost, the material can become fragile, and the explosion expansion effect can be influenced. Due to the difference of the regional environment pressure difference and the difference of the pressure and the temperature of the selected boiler, if the ideal spray explosion rate is not achieved, the running time of the cooking and the distillation kettle can be adjusted according to the data, and the specific time is uniformly controlled by a scheduling room.
A packer, a hay cutter, a feed receiving machine, a feed conveyor, a spiral pipe feeder and the like.
The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described above. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments made by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a vertical stills of straw organic feed which characterized in that: the device comprises a kettle body (40), wherein a feed inlet III (41) and a cooking/explosion steam inlet (44) are arranged at the top of the kettle body (40), a kettle body mounting base (45) is arranged in the middle of the kettle body (40), a steam heating jacket (43) is arranged at the lower part of the kettle body (40), a jacket steam inlet (431) is arranged at the upper part of the steam heating jacket (43), and a jacket condensate outlet (432) is arranged at the bottom of the steam heating jacket; a discharge hole III (42) is formed in the bottom of the kettle body (40); a feed inlet locking mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the feed inlet III (41), and comprises a set of feed inlet opening and closing assemblies (41 a) and two sets of symmetrically arranged feed inlet locking assemblies (41 b) with the same structure; the periphery of the discharge port III (42) is provided with a discharge port locking mechanism, and the discharge port locking mechanism comprises a group of discharge port opening and closing components (42 a) and two groups of discharge port locking components (42 b) which are symmetrically arranged and have the same structure.
2. The vertical still for straw organic feed according to claim 1, wherein: the feed inlet opening and closing assembly (41 a) comprises a feed cover (41 a 1) which is hinged to a feed inlet III (41), the extending end of the feed cover (41 a 1) is hinged to the cylinder body end of a feed inlet opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder (41 a 2), the rod end of the feed inlet opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder (41 a 2) is hinged to the top of a feed inlet opening and closing cover support (41 a 3), and the bottom end of the feed inlet opening and closing cover support (41 a 3) is fixed to the top of the kettle body (40); the feed inlet locking assembly (41 b) comprises a feed inlet locking hinge seat (41 b 1) fixed on the side surface of the feed inlet III (41) and a feed inlet locking seat (41 b 2) fixed on the top of the kettle body (40), the feed inlet locking seat (41 b 2) is hinged to the cylinder body end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic oil cylinder (41 b 3), a sliding pin shaft (41 b 4) is mounted at the rod end of the feed inlet locking hydraulic oil cylinder (41 b 3), two ends of the sliding pin shaft (41 b 4) are located in symmetrical sliding grooves (41 b 6) at the top of the feed inlet locking support (41 b 5), a feed inlet locking pressing plate (41 b 7) extends from the bottom end of the feed inlet locking support (41 b 5), the middle of the bottom surface of the feed inlet locking pressing plate (41 b 7) is hinged to the feed inlet locking hinge seat (41 b 1), and the front of the feed inlet locking pressing plate (41 b 7) is used for locking the feed cover (41.
3. The vertical still for straw organic feed according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge port opening and closing assembly (42 a) comprises a discharge port opening and closing hinge seat (42 a 1) fixed on the side surface of the discharge port III (42) and a discharge port opening and closing support seat (42 a 2) fixed on the side surface of the bottom of the kettle body (40), the discharge port opening and closing support seat (42 a 2) is hinged with the cylinder body end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder (42 a 3), the rod end of the discharge port opening and closing hydraulic oil cylinder (42 a 3) is hinged with the rear part of a discharge port opening and closing door plate (42 a 4), the middle part of the discharge port opening and closing door plate (42 a 4) is hinged with a discharge port opening and closing hinge seat (42 a 1), and the front part of the discharge port opening and closing door plate (42 a 4) is fixedly connected; the discharge port locking assembly (42 b) comprises a discharge port locking hinge seat (42 b 1) fixed on the side surface of the discharge port III (42) and a discharge port locking support seat (42 b 2) fixed on the side surface of the bottom of the kettle body (40), the discharge port locking support seat (42 b 2) is hinged with the cylinder body end of the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder (42 b 3), the rod end of the discharge port locking hydraulic oil cylinder (42 b 3) is hinged with the rear part of the discharge port locking pressing plate (42 b 4), the middle part of the discharge port locking pressing plate (42 b 4) is hinged with the discharge port locking hinge seat (42 b 1), and the front part of the discharge port locking pressing plate (42 b 4) is used for locking the discharge cover (42 a 5).
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| CN201922009056.4U CN211025185U (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Vertical distillation still for straw organic feed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114803330A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏博环输送机械有限公司 | Screw conveyer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114803330A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏博环输送机械有限公司 | Screw conveyer |
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