CN210990658U

CN210990658U - Telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening tibia, femur and humerus

Info

Publication number: CN210990658U
Application number: CN201920962005.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马坤龙
Original assignee: Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Current assignee: Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Priority date: 2019-06-25
Filing date: 2019-06-25
Publication date: 2020-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shin bone, thighbone, telescopic intramedullary nail device is used in extension of humerus bone, including the first telescopic link and the second telescopic link that cup joint, and drive first telescopic link for the drive assembly of second telescopic link along axial displacement, when squeeze into sclerotin with this telescopic intramedullary nail, and fix respectively with the both ends of this telescopic intramedullary nail on the broken bone in the both ends of thighbone through fixed lock pin when, drive this telescopic intramedullary nail through this drive assembly and extend in the sclerotin, thereby amazing the sclerotin growth, promote the healing of fracture, and the whole treatment process of patient need not the support frame at all, the risk of infection and complication has been reduced.

Description

Telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening tibia, femur and humerus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of orthopedic medical equipment, in particular to a telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening tibia, femur and humerus bones.

Background

Long bone segmental bone defect refers to bone defect whose fracture can not heal by itself or can regenerate only 10%, generally 2-3 times of the diameter of the long bone. The large bone defect is usually caused by high-energy trauma, infection, tumor and other reasons, and is often accompanied by limb shortening, deformity, osteomyelitis, muscular atrophy and adjacent joint stiffness, and the repair treatment of the large bone defect is one of the biggest problems in the orthopedic field. Statistics have shown that bone graft surgery in germany is one of the top 50 most commonly accepted treatments for patients; about 80 ten thousand patients who need bone graft surgery annually in the united states; more than 300 ten thousand bone grafting operations are needed in China each year due to trauma; the large bone defect brings great physical and psychological damage and economic burden to patients, so how to solve the problem becomes an important subject in the orthopedic field.

The main methods for clinically treating the long bone large-section bone defect include autologous bone graft, Masqueret technology and Ilizarov technology, the autologous bone graft has the optimal bone conduction, bone induction and osteogenesis functions and is the standard for treating the bone defect, however, the autologous bone quantity is limited, the bone strength is not good enough, the requirement for the large-section bone defect is difficult to meet, the bone graft (such as fibula, ilium and ribs) which is inosculated with blood vessels is also an effective method for treating the large-section bone defect, the operative wound is large, the complications of the area are more, the time for shaping and thickening the transplanted bone is long, the patient cannot bear early load, stress fracture and muscular atrophy easily occur in the later period, and in addition, the technology has a long learning curve, the requirement for the operator is relatively high, the technology cannot be widely applied to the clinic, so the technology is not the mainstream method for treating the large-section bone defect, the occurrence of Masqueret technology provides a new approach for treating the large-section bone defect, the large-section bone defect can be repaired by utilizing the autologous bone graft with membrane for assisting, the autologous bone graft, the section, the bone defect can be completely repaired by the bone defect, the bone defect can be obtained by the clinical, the bone fracture, the bone graft, the bone fracture is obtained by the bone fracture, the bone fracture inducing, the bone fracture is not only the bone fracture is easy to be repaired by the bone fracture is obtained, the bone fracture is obtained by the bone fracture is not obtained by the bone fracture, the bone fracture is not obtained by the bone fracture, the bone fracture is not obtained by the bone fracture.

Existing limb lengthening techniques typically apply the tension-stress Ilizarov principle, in which living tissue subjected to slow steady stretching is metabolically activated. Thus, after the bone gap is formed and then the gap is distracted, new bone may be formed to achieve the increased length. Existing mechanical devices for limb lengthening include external fixators in the form of rings connected by adjustable struts and attached percutaneously to bone using wires, pins or screws. Intramedullary nails are a widely used intramedullary fixation device for bone fractures, which are support rods with a certain strength and may have a certain anatomical curvature. For long tubular bone fracture, the intramedullary nail is often the first choice for treatment because it is more in accordance with the mechanical properties of the bone, the initial intramedullary nail mainly depends on the friction force control fracture end stability of the main nail and the medullary cavity, this fixing mode can only resist the stress generated by bending load to a certain extent, but can not provide enough resistance to the stress generated by axial load and rotation load, often causes the fracture end to shrink and rotate and shift.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem of the existence, the utility model provides a telescopic intramedullary nail is used in extension of shin bone, thighbone, humerus bone.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:

the telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening the bones of tibia, femur and humerus comprises a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod which are mutually sleeved, and a driving component for driving the first telescopic rod to move axially relative to the second telescopic rod, wherein the driving component is arranged on the second telescopic rod and is connected with the first telescopic rod.

Wherein the drive assembly comprises: a screw, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and an operating rod, wherein,

one end of the screw rod is fixed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod, and the other end of the screw rod extends into the cavity of the second telescopic rod along the axial direction; the first conical gear is arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod and sleeved on the screw rod; the second bevel gear is arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod and meshed with the first bevel gear; the connecting end of the operating rod is matched with the second conical gear shaft hole, and the operating end penetrates through the cavity wall of the second telescopic rod and extends out of the cavity body of the second telescopic rod.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model discloses a telescopic intramedullary nail is used in extension of shin bone, thighbone, upper arm bone, the first telescopic link and the second telescopic link that drive this telescopic intramedullary nail through drive assembly extend or contract in the sclerotin to amazing sclerotin is grown, promotes the healing of fracture, and the patient can just break away from the support frame in early stage, has reduced the risk of infecting and complication.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening tibia, femur and humerus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first telescoping rod of the telescoping intramedullary nail of FIG. 1 being moved downwardly relative to the second telescoping rod by the drive assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the base of the first bevel gear of the telescopic intramedullary nail of FIG. 1 being coupled to the positioning block of the second telescopic link;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a positioning catch on the first bevel gear base of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the base of the first bevel gear of the telescopic intramedullary nail of FIG. 1 being coupled to the positioning block of the second telescopic link;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening tibia, femur and humerus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening the tibia, the femur and the humerus bone of the utility model is provided with a first telescopic rod 111 and a second telescopic rod 112 which are mutually sleeved and can move relatively along the axial direction, and a driving component, so that after the telescopic intramedullary nail is driven into the bone, the top end of the first telescopic rod 111 and the bottom end of the second telescopic rod can be respectively fixed on the broken bones at the two ends of the bone (tibia/femur/humerus) through a fixed locking nail 13, then when a patient sits down/lies down, namely when the tibia and the femur/humerus are in a nearly horizontal state, the first telescopic rod 111 is driven to move along the axis relative to the second telescopic rod 112 through the driving component under the assistance of external force (of course, the second telescopic rod can also be driven to move along the axial direction relative to the first telescopic rod, the principle is the same), namely, the telescopic intramedullary nail is driven to extend or, thereby stimulating the growth of bone and promoting the healing of fracture. The following detailed description is given with reference to specific examples.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, in order to illustrate a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening a tibia, a femur, or a humerus bone of the present invention, specifically, the telescopic intramedullary nail device of the present embodiment includes a first telescopic rod 111 and a second telescopic rod 112 sleeved on each other, and a driving component for driving the first telescopic rod to move axially relative to the second telescopic rod (see fig. 1 and 2 moving axially upward or downward), wherein the first telescopic rod 111 is sleeved in a cavity of the second telescopic rod 112, and the driving component is fixed on the second telescopic rod 112 and connected to the first telescopic rod 111.

In one embodiment, the driving assembly comprises a screw 131 having one end disposed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod 111 and the other end extending into the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112 along the axial direction; a first bevel gear 132 disposed in the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112 and in threaded connection with the screw 131; a second bevel gear 133 disposed inside the second telescopic rod 112 and engaged with the first bevel gear 132; and an operating rod 134 with a connecting end matched with the shaft hole of the second bevel gear 133 and an operating end penetrating through the cavity wall of the second telescopic rod 112 and extending out of the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112.

In this embodiment, the operating rod 134 is disposed on the second telescopic rod 112 and penetrates through the second telescopic rod 112, so that when the telescopic intramedullary nail is installed in a bone, an external force can be applied to the operating rod 134 penetrating through the limb to drive the operating rod 134 to rotate; since the operating rod 1314 is matched with the shaft hole of the second bevel gear 133, i.e. the operating rod 134 is the rotating shaft of the second bevel gear 133, when the operating rod 134 is driven to rotate, the operating rod 134 drives the second bevel gear 133 to rotate; because the second bevel gear 133 is meshed with the first bevel gear 132, the first bevel gear 132 rotates in the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112 under the driving of the second bevel gear 133; since the first bevel gear 132 is disposed in the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112 and is in threaded engagement with the threaded rod 131, when the first bevel gear 132 is driven to rotate in the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112, the threaded rod 131 moves axially relative to the second telescopic rod 112, and of course, the first telescopic rod 111 fixed with the threaded rod 131 also moves axially relative to the second telescopic rod 112 under the driving of the threaded rod 131 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first telescopic rod moves up/down relative to the second telescopic rod).

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, a positioning block 112-1 is radially disposed in the cavity of the second telescopic rod 112 to support the first bevel gear 131 and simultaneously limit the position of the first bevel gear 132, so as to prevent the first bevel gear 132 from moving up and down, the base 132-1 of the first bevel gear 132 penetrates through the positioning block 112-1, and a positioning clip 132-2 is circumferentially disposed at a position of the end of the base 132-1 close to the positioning block 112-1, so that the positioning clip 132-2 forms a positioning groove with the large end surface of the first bevel gear 132, and the positioning groove is matched with the positioning block 112-1.

In this embodiment, the positioning block is used to support the first bevel gear, and the positioning fastener is disposed on the base of the first bevel gear, and forms a positioning groove matched with the positioning block with the large end surface (i.e., the large end surface of the bevel gear), i.e., the position of the first bevel gear in the second telescopic rod is limited by the matching between the positioning block and the positioning groove, and provides a space for the first bevel gear to rotate relative to the second telescopic rod by the matching between the positioning block and the positioning groove, specifically, the positioning block 112-1 is a first disk having a through hole and a certain thickness, and the through hole is matched with the base of the first bevel gear; the positioning clamping piece is a second disc or at least two convex blocks uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the base, and the reference figure 4 shows; referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment, the positioning block is not clamped in the positioning groove formed by the positioning fastener and the large end surface of the first bevel gear, but a groove is axially formed on the hole wall of the through hole of the positioning block 112-1 to match with the positioning fastener 132-2, and of course, the positioning fastener may be arranged at other positions, such as the middle of the base, instead of the bottom end of the base.

In this embodiment, the height from the positioning block to the bottom of the two telescopic rods is greater than the length of the thread on the screw rod; and the axis of the second bevel gear is perpendicular to the axis of the first bevel gear.

Further, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the bottom end of the first telescopic rod 111 is circumferentially provided with at least one elastic sliding column, the inner wall of the second telescopic rod 112 is circumferentially provided with at least one axial track for the elastic sliding column to slide up and down, and when the first telescopic rod is driven by the driving assembly to move up/down relative to the second telescopic rod under the assistance of an external force, the telescopic intramedullary nail is extended/contracted.

Further, referring to fig. 6, a circular sleeve for supporting the second bevel gear may be further disposed in the second telescopic rod, the circular sleeve extends from the inner wall of the cavity of the second telescopic rod to the base of the second bevel gear and is sleeved on the base of the second bevel gear, of course, the diameter of the circular sleeve is larger than the size of the operating rod;

furthermore, a protective sleeve can be arranged on the second telescopic rod corresponding to the position of the operating rod, and particularly, the protective sleeve extends from the outer wall of the second telescopic rod along the axial direction of the operating rod;

furthermore, the end of the operating rod can be provided with corresponding scale marks for prompting the moving distance of the screw corresponding to the number of turns of rotation, and the corresponding relation can be obtained by conversion according to the parameters of the conical gear and the thread length of the screw.

In this embodiment, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both micro gears or are made by using a 3D printing technology, and can be used alone or in combination with the existing telescopic external fixator or external support frame for lengthening various tibia, femur and humerus bones, for example, fixing holes can be respectively arranged at positions near the top and the bottom of the intramedullary nail, so that both ends of the fixing screw are respectively arranged on the fixing hole and the external support frame or the external fixator, and of course, the external fixator or the external support frame can be removed after the intramedullary nail is arranged.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification.

Claims

1. The telescopic intramedullary nail for lengthening the bones of tibia, femur and humerus is characterized by comprising a first telescopic rod (111) and a second telescopic rod (112) which are sleeved with each other, and a driving assembly for driving the first telescopic rod (111) to move axially relative to the second telescopic rod, wherein the driving assembly is arranged on the second telescopic rod (112) and is connected with the first telescopic rod (111).

2. The telescopic intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly comprises: a screw (131), a first bevel gear (132), a second bevel gear (133) and an operating lever (134), wherein,

one end of the screw rod (131) is fixed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod (111), and the other end of the screw rod extends into the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112) along the axial direction; the first bevel gear (132) is arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112) and sleeved on the screw rod (131); the second bevel gear (133) is arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112) and is meshed with the first bevel gear (132); the connecting end of the operating rod (134) is matched with the shaft hole of the second bevel gear (133), and the operating end penetrates through the cavity wall of the second telescopic rod (112) and extends out of the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112).

3. The telescopic intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that a positioning block (112-1) for supporting the first bevel gear (132) is radially arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112), the base (132-1) of the first bevel gear (132) penetrates through the positioning block (112-1), a positioning fastener (132-2) is circumferentially arranged at a position of the end of the base (132-1) of the first bevel gear (132) close to the positioning block (112-1), the positioning fastener (132-2) and the large end surface of the first bevel gear (132) form a positioning slot matched with the positioning block (112-1), and the first bevel gear (132) can rotate relative to the positioning block (112-1);

when the operating rod (134) is driven by external force, the operating rod (134) drives the second bevel gear (133) to rotate, the second bevel gear (133) drives the first bevel gear (132) to rotate in the positioning groove relative to the positioning block (112-1) and the screw rod (131), so that the screw rod (131) drives the first telescopic rod (111) to move relative to the second telescopic rod (112), and the telescopic intramedullary nail is expanded or contracted.

4. The telescopic intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that a positioning block (112-1) for supporting the first bevel gear (132) is radially arranged in the cavity of the second telescopic rod (112), a through hole is arranged at the position of the positioning block (112-1) corresponding to the base (132-1) of the first bevel gear (132), a clamping groove is arranged on the hole wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction, the base (132-1) of the first bevel gear (132) penetrates through the through hole of the positioning block (112-1), a positioning clamping piece (132-2) is arranged on the base (132-1) along the circumferential direction, the positioning clamping piece (132-2) is matched with a clamping groove on the positioning block (112-1), the positioning clamping piece (132-2) can rotate in the clamping groove relative to the positioning block (112-1);

when the operating rod (134) is driven by external acting force, when the operating rod (134) drives the second bevel gear (133) to rotate, the second bevel gear (133) drives the positioning fastener (132-2) of the first bevel gear (132) to rotate in the clamping groove relative to the screw rod (131), so that the screw rod (131) drives the first telescopic rod (111) to move relative to the second telescopic rod (112), and the telescopic intramedullary nail is expanded or contracted.