CN210978341U

CN210978341U - Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator

Info

Publication number: CN210978341U
Application number: CN201921857643.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵耀; 张赣波; 储炜; 周维新
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a isolator is inhaled to fluid pressure type low frequency belongs to mechanical vibration control field, include: a hydraulic vibration isolator and a hydraulic vibration absorber; the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a bellows elastic oil tank and a top cover; the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank is of a metal corrugated pipe structure, and an oil cavity is formed by the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank in a surrounding manner; a hydraulic oil channel for communicating the oil cavity with the outside is formed in the base; the top cover is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank, the lower part of the top cover is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity; a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator; the top cover is provided with an exhaust channel for communicating the outside and the oil cavity; the hydraulic vibration absorber comprises an external guide pipe and an external hydraulic oil cylinder; the external hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the hydraulic oil channel through an external conduit. The utility model discloses can realize the dual vibration isolation of mechanical vibration broadband and line spectrum, satisfy the requirement that big bearing capacity, evenly bear simultaneously.

Description

Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to mechanical vibration control field relates to a isolator is inhaled to fluid pressure type low frequency, more specifically relates to a novel isolator is inhaled to big bearing capacity, the fluid pressure type low frequency that evenly bears.

Background

One of the characteristics of mechanical vibrations is that they have a periodicity, reflecting a line spectrum that is discrete in frequency. The traditional vibration isolator isolates the vibration of each frequency component according to a certain proportion, has a good vibration isolation effect in a wider frequency band, can reduce the total vibration level of a full frequency band, but is difficult to eliminate a vibration line spectrum. In addition, low frequency vibration isolation is also a short plate of traditional vibration isolation technology due to the contradiction between low stiffness and stability.

The mechanical vibration is a primary excitation source of mechanical noise of ships, and with the common application of single-layer, double-layer and floating raft vibration isolation technologies, the mechanical vibration control achieves remarkable treatment effect. After the broadband vibration is effectively controlled, the problem of low-frequency line spectrum vibration becomes more prominent, and the low-frequency line spectrum vibration becomes the sound fingerprint characteristic of ships. The traditional vibration isolator does not have the capability of line spectrum and low-frequency vibration isolation, and a novel vibration isolator technology must be used.

Vibration control techniques can be classified in principle as: vibration isolation, vibration absorption and vibration resistance. In these three types of vibration control techniques, only vibration absorption can reduce the vibration line spectrum. The principle of vibration absorption is to add a sub-vibration system that can absorb the vibration of the transferred main vibration system when the natural frequency of the sub-vibration system is comparable to the excitation frequency applied to the main vibration system or the natural frequency of the main vibration system. The principle of vibration isolation is to isolate the transmission of exciting force, and the vibration isolation is most commonly applied to the mechanical vibration control of ships, because the vibration isolator also bears the mechanical weight while isolating the vibration. The prior art is usually based on a single vibration isolation technology or a single vibration absorption technology, and cannot realize double treatment of a mechanical vibration broadband and a line spectrum.

In addition, the weight of the ship machinery is large, and the vibration isolation device is required to have large load bearing capacity so as to control static deformation. Meanwhile, the ship can generate motions such as heave, roll and pitch during navigation, and the vibration isolation device is required to be capable of automatically adjusting balanced bearing.

The utility model discloses a utility model patent of application number CN 106594162A discloses a power antiresonance vibration isolation device of fluid pressure type, as the power antiresonance mechanism of the shafting longitudinal vibration of keeping apart the excitation of screw pulsation thrust. Since the thrust bearing carries and transmits the static thrust of the propeller, the antiresonant vibration isolation device must have a large carrying capacity, but the patent lacks a corresponding design.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the utility model provides a hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator, which aims to adopt the hydraulic vibration isolator to bear the mechanical weight and isolate the mechanical low-frequency broadband vibration, and instantly distribute the unbalanced force generated by the mechanical gravity center change caused by the mechanical vibration and the external disturbance on the hydraulic vibration isolator through the conduction of hydraulic pressure, thereby automatically realizing the uniform bearing; the hydraulic vibration absorber is directly communicated with the hydraulic vibration isolator, an inertia coupling mechanism with a hydraulic amplification effect is established, and power tuning is achieved, so that anti-resonance occurs at a line spectrum frequency, line spectrum frequency is filtered, isolation of a mechanical vibration line spectrum is achieved, and the technical problems that double vibration isolation of a mechanical vibration broadband and the line spectrum cannot be achieved, and bearing capacity is insufficient in the prior art are solved.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a isolator is inhaled to fluid pressure type low frequency, include: a hydraulic vibration isolator and a hydraulic vibration absorber;

the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a bellows elastic oil tank and a top cover; the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank is of a metal corrugated pipe structure, and an oil cavity is defined by the metal corrugated pipe structure and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank; a base of the bellows elastic oil tank is provided with a hydraulic oil channel which is communicated with the oil cavity and the outside; the top cover is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank, the lower part of the top cover is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity; a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator; an exhaust channel for communicating the outside and the oil cavity is arranged on the top cover;

the hydraulic vibration absorber comprises an external guide pipe and an external hydraulic oil cylinder; the external hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the hydraulic oil channel through the external conduit.

Furthermore, the hydraulic oil channel is a three-way channel, and two external openings are connected with the hydraulic vibration absorber and the other hydraulic vibration isolator respectively.

Furthermore, the exhaust passage is a three-way passage, one opening of the exhaust passage is connected with the outside, and the two openings are connected with the oil cavity.

Furthermore, an opening of the exhaust channel connected with the outside is provided with a screw.

Further, the top cover and the bellows elastic oil tank are fastened and connected through bolts, and sealing elements are adopted to seal horizontal and vertical joint surfaces.

Further, the metal bellows is configured as a three-layer metal bellows.

Further, the metal bellows is configured as a single-layer metal bellows.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:

(1) large bearing capacity: according to the structure of the utility model, the large bearing capacity of the hydraulic vibration isolator comes from the elastic force of the metal corrugated pipe and the hydraulic pressure of the fluid medium, one is equivalent to a metal spring, the other is equivalent to a hydraulic spring, and the two are connected in parallel; the elastic force of the metal corrugated pipe is related to the number of corrugations, the hydraulic pressure is in direct proportion to the area of the end face of the top cover and the pressure of the injected fluid medium, and when the area of the end face of the top cover is fixed, the fluid medium with required pressure is injected to adjust the bearing capacity; therefore, the utility model discloses a corrugated metal pipe elastic oil tank and fluid medium bear mechanical weight jointly, and the bearing capacity easily designs and adjusts, under metal elasticity and hydraulic pressure dual function, can possess the ability of bearing dozens to hundred tons of grades of large-scale mechanical weight.

(2) Carrying out uniform bearing: the hydraulic vibration isolator of the utility model can evenly bear the pressure transmission from the fluid medium; according to the structure of the utility model, a single or a group of hydraulic vibration isolators can be installed between the vibration-isolated machine and the foundation, the hydraulic vibration isolators are mutually communicated through the through holes of the base and the external hydraulic pipeline, and the local unbalanced force generated by the mechanical gravity center change caused by the mechanical vibration and the external disturbance can be immediately redistributed through the conduction of the fluid medium, so that the hydraulic vibration isolators are always in a balanced loaded state; therefore, the utility model discloses a structure can make full use of hydraulic medium's mobility, and the unbalanced force that real-time conduction mechanical vibration or external disturbance arouse makes hydraulic isolator be in the balanced loaded state by oneself all the time, especially adapts to the naval vessel navigation and floats the service environment that the attitude changes at any time.

(3) Low-frequency vibration isolation: the low-frequency vibration isolation characteristic comes from a hydraulic amplification effect brought by the fact that a hydraulic suction vibration isolator is connected, the hydraulic amplification factor is the square of the ratio of the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe to the area of the channel of the external conduit, and the square of the ratio of the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe to the area of the channel of the external conduit is high because the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe is large and the area of the; thus, the metal corrugated tube elastic oil tank with the conventional size can provide great rigidity, and the fluid medium in the external conduit has great apparent mass; when the vibration isolator of the utility model is used for mechanical vibration isolation, the effective mass of the vibration isolation system is the sum of the mass of the vibration source and the apparent mass of the fluid medium in the external conduit, and not only the mass of the vibration source; therefore, the utility model discloses can provide very big fluid additional mass under the condition that does not reduce isolator rigidity, and then have lower installation frequency and vibration isolation initial frequency, realize the low frequency vibration isolation. Furthermore, the utility model discloses an external pipe that hydraulic shock absorber adopted and external hydro-cylinder all can adopt hydraulic pressure general component, and the vibration transmission route that hydraulic shock isolator can insert can be connected to the lug connection hydraulic shock isolator forms the vibration isolation of collection vibration isolation and inhale the vibration in the hydraulic pressure of an organic whole and inhale the vibration isolator.

(4) Line spectrum vibration elimination: on one hand, the elasticity of the metal corrugated pipe and the compressibility of the fluid medium can isolate mechanical low-frequency broadband vibration; on the other hand, the external conduit and the external oil cylinder form a hydraulic vibration absorber which is connected in a vibration transmission path, the fluid medium in the conduit vibrates to generate an inertia force, the fluid medium in the oil cylinder vibrates to generate an elastic force, and the inertia force and the elastic force are mutually offset at the frequency of a line spectrum, so that a vibration line spectrum can be absorbed; therefore, the utility model discloses have anti-resonance vibration isolation characteristic, can take place anti-resonance at line spectrum frequency department, block the transmission of line spectrum.

(5) The rigidity can be adjusted: the characteristic that the bulk modulus of elasticity of the fluid medium is related to the pressure is fully utilized, the rigidity of the elastic oil tank can be changed by injecting the fluid medium with different pressures, and further the natural frequency of the vibration isolator and the installation frequency of the vibration isolation system are adjusted.

(6) No creep: the oil tank of the utility model is made of metal materials, and has no non-metal materials such as rubber which can generate creep effect, and the deformation state is stable;

(7) the utility model discloses simple structure can directly constitute by hydraulic system's general component, considers structural design safety simultaneously, provides emergency protection through the cylinder boss, guarantees mechanical operation safety, specifically, the effect of the cylinder boss of top cap includes ① as the stopper, guarantees the stability of vibration isolation system, ② reduces the oiling volume, cylinder boss fills up oil cavity space, reduces the oil tank effective volume, ③ protection elastic oil tank, when sealed inefficacy takes place the oil leak accident, metal bellows elastic oil tank sinks along with the top cap pressurized, thereby bear mechanical weight by cylinder boss contact metal bellows elastic oil tank bottom, avoid the oil tank main part impaired.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of embodiment 1 of the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device of the present invention.

The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:

1-a hydraulic vibration isolator, 2-a hydraulic vibration absorber, 3-a bellows elastic oil tank, 4-a top cover, 5-a screw, 6-a bolt, 7-a sealing element, 8-an external conduit, 9-an external hydraulic oil cylinder, 10-an oil cavity, 11-an exhaust channel and 12-a hydraulic oil channel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[ example 1 ]

As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device of the embodiment comprises a hydraulic vibration isolator 1 and a hydraulic vibration absorber 2.

The hydraulic vibration isolator 1 consists of a bellows elastic oil tank 3 and a top cover 4. Preferably, the circumferential surface of the bellows elastic oil tank 3 in the present embodiment is a three-layer metal bellows structure, which can provide better elasticity in the vertical direction. The metal bellows structure and the base enclose an oil chamber 10. A through hole is formed in the center of a base of the bellows elastic oil tank 3, two through holes are formed in the circumferential direction, and three through holes are communicated with each other to form a three-way passage serving as a hydraulic oil passage 12. One through hole in the circumferential direction of the base is used as a connecting interface of the hydraulic vibration absorber 2, and the other through hole is used as a connecting interface of other adjacent hydraulic vibration isolators, so that the serial connection work of the multiple hydraulic vibration isolators is realized. The lower part of the top cover 4 is of a cylindrical boss structure, the lower end face of the cylindrical boss of the top cover 4 is close to the upper end face of the base of the bellows elastic oil tank 3, and the clearance value of the cylindrical boss is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator 1, so that the stability of a vibration isolation system is ensured. The effect of cylinder boss still includes:

② is used as a limiter to ensure the stability of the vibration isolation system;

② filling the inner space of the bellows elastic oil tank 3 to reduce the amount of oil filling;

③, when the sealing is failed and oil leakage happens, the bellows elastic oil tank 3 sinks to bear the weight of machinery.

Preferably, a through hole which is internally communicated is formed in the center of the top cover 4 and the periphery of the cylindrical boss to form a three-way channel, and the external opening is screwed by a screw 5 to be used as an exhaust channel 11 of hydraulic oil. The top cover 4 is tightly connected with the bellows elastic oil tank 3 through a bolt 6, and two joint surfaces at the horizontal position and the vertical position are both reliably sealed by adopting a sealing element 7.

The hydraulic vibration absorber 2 is composed of an external guide pipe 8 and an external hydraulic oil cylinder 9, the external guide pipe 8 is equivalent to an inertial element, the external hydraulic oil cylinder 9 is equivalent to an elastic element, and the external guide pipe 8 and the external hydraulic oil cylinder 9 can adopt conventional general hydraulic devices. The hydraulic vibration absorber 2 is connected in the vibration transmission path of the hydraulic vibration isolator 1 to form hydraulic inertia coupling and absorb a vibration line spectrum during resonance.

The working principle of the hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator of the embodiment is described below.

In actual engineering, adopt the several the utility model discloses a isolator is inhaled to hydraulic pressure carries out mechanical vibration isolation design, is interconnected through hydraulic line between each hydraulic vibration isolator, and hydraulic oil communicates each other in the bellows elastic oil tank, forms a linker, bears mechanical weight jointly to instant transmission distribution machinery unbalanced force makes hydraulic vibration isolator remain the balanced state of bearing all the time. The bearing capacity of the hydraulic vibration isolator is in direct proportion to the pressure of the injected hydraulic oil, and the use requirement of large bearing capacity can be met. The elastic force of the hydraulic vibration isolator isolates mechanical broadband vibration, and a mechanical vibration line spectrum is absorbed by a hydraulic vibration absorber connected with the hydraulic vibration isolator. The number of the hydraulic vibration absorbers can be freely selected, and the hydraulic vibration absorbers can be connected to the vibration paths of different hydraulic vibration isolators 1 according to requirements, so that a feasible technical approach is provided for multi-spectral vibration isolation.

[ example 2 ]

As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorbing and damping device of the present embodiment is different from the structure described in embodiment 1 in that the bellows elastic oil tank 3 is changed into a single bellows structure, and other structures are substantially the same and can be changed adaptively. The elasticity of the single corrugated pipe is not as good as that of the three corrugated pipes, but the manufacturing process is relatively simple, and the single corrugated pipe is suitable for being applied in a light-load vibration isolation scene.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator is characterized by comprising: the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a hydraulic vibration isolator (1) and a hydraulic vibration absorber (2);

the hydraulic vibration isolator (1) comprises a bellows elastic oil tank (3) and a top cover (4); the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank (3) is of a metal corrugated pipe structure, and an oil cavity (10) is defined by the metal corrugated pipe structure and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank (3); a base of the bellows elastic oil tank (3) is provided with a hydraulic oil channel (12) for communicating the oil cavity (10) with the outside; the top cover (4) is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank (3), the lower part of the top cover (4) is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity (10); a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator (1); an exhaust channel (11) which is communicated with the outside and the oil cavity (10) is arranged on the top cover (4);

the hydraulic vibration absorber (2) comprises an external guide pipe (8) and an external hydraulic oil cylinder (9); the external hydraulic oil cylinder (9) is connected with the hydraulic oil channel (12) through the external guide pipe (8).

2. The fluid pressure type low frequency absorbing vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein the metal bellows is constructed as a three-layer metal bellows.

3. The fluid pressure type low frequency absorption vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the metal bellows is constructed as a single layer metal bellows.

4. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydraulic oil passage (12) is a three-way passage, and two openings connected with the outside are respectively used for connecting the hydraulic vibration absorber (2) and the other hydraulic vibration isolator (1).

5. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said exhaust passage (11) is a three-way passage, one opening of which is connected to the outside, and two openings of which are connected to said oil chamber (10).

6. The hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the opening of the exhaust channel (11) connected with the outside is provided with a screw (5).

7. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the top cover (4) and the bellows elastic oil tank (3) are fastened and connected by bolts (6), and sealing elements (7) are used for sealing on horizontal and vertical joint surfaces.