CN110701241A - Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator - Google Patents
Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110701241A CN110701241A CN201911052277.8A CN201911052277A CN110701241A CN 110701241 A CN110701241 A CN 110701241A CN 201911052277 A CN201911052277 A CN 201911052277A CN 110701241 A CN110701241 A CN 110701241A
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- vibration isolator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
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- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device, which belongs to the field of mechanical vibration control and comprises the following components: a hydraulic vibration isolator and a hydraulic vibration absorber; the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a bellows elastic oil tank and a top cover; the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank is of a metal corrugated pipe structure, and an oil cavity is formed by the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank in a surrounding manner; a hydraulic oil channel for communicating the oil cavity with the outside is formed in the base; the top cover is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank, the lower part of the top cover is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity; a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator; the top cover is provided with an exhaust channel for communicating the outside and the oil cavity; the hydraulic vibration absorber comprises an external guide pipe and an external hydraulic oil cylinder; the external hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the hydraulic oil channel through an external conduit. The invention can realize the double vibration isolation of the mechanical vibration broadband and the line spectrum, and simultaneously meets the use requirements of large bearing capacity and uniform bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical vibration control, relates to a hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device, and particularly relates to a novel hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device with large bearing capacity and uniform bearing capacity.
Background
One of the characteristics of mechanical vibrations is that they have a periodicity, reflecting a line spectrum that is discrete in frequency. The traditional vibration isolator isolates the vibration of each frequency component according to a certain proportion, has a good vibration isolation effect in a wider frequency band, can reduce the total vibration level of a full frequency band, but is difficult to eliminate a vibration line spectrum. In addition, low frequency vibration isolation is also a short plate of traditional vibration isolation technology due to the contradiction between low stiffness and stability.
The mechanical vibration is a primary excitation source of mechanical noise of ships, and with the common application of single-layer, double-layer and floating raft vibration isolation technologies, the mechanical vibration control achieves remarkable treatment effect. After the broadband vibration is effectively controlled, the problem of low-frequency line spectrum vibration becomes more prominent, and the low-frequency line spectrum vibration becomes the sound fingerprint characteristic of ships. The traditional vibration isolator does not have the capability of line spectrum and low-frequency vibration isolation, and a novel vibration isolator technology must be used.
Vibration control techniques can be classified in principle as: vibration isolation, vibration absorption and vibration resistance. In these three types of vibration control techniques, only vibration absorption can reduce the vibration line spectrum. The principle of vibration absorption is to add a sub-vibration system that can absorb the vibration of the transferred main vibration system when the natural frequency of the sub-vibration system is comparable to the excitation frequency applied to the main vibration system or the natural frequency of the main vibration system. The principle of vibration isolation is to isolate the transmission of exciting force, and the vibration isolation is most commonly applied to the mechanical vibration control of ships, because the vibration isolator also bears the mechanical weight while isolating the vibration. The prior art is usually based on a single vibration isolation technology or a single vibration absorption technology, and cannot realize double treatment of a mechanical vibration broadband and a line spectrum.
In addition, the weight of the ship machinery is large, and the vibration isolation device is required to have large load bearing capacity so as to control static deformation. Meanwhile, the ship can generate motions such as heave, roll and pitch during navigation, and the vibration isolation device is required to be capable of automatically adjusting balanced bearing.
The invention patent with the application number of CN 106594162A discloses a hydraulic dynamic anti-resonance vibration isolation device which is used as a dynamic anti-resonance mechanism for isolating shafting longitudinal vibration excited by propeller pulsating thrust. Since the thrust bearing carries and transmits the static thrust of the propeller, the antiresonant vibration isolation device must have a large carrying capacity, but the patent lacks a corresponding design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator which aims to adopt the hydraulic vibration isolator to bear the mechanical weight and isolate the mechanical low-frequency broadband vibration, and instantly distribute the unbalanced force generated by the mechanical gravity center change caused by the mechanical vibration and the external disturbance on the hydraulic vibration isolator through the conduction of hydraulic pressure, thereby automatically realizing uniform bearing; the hydraulic vibration absorber is directly communicated with the hydraulic vibration isolator, an inertia coupling mechanism with a hydraulic amplification effect is established, and power tuning is achieved, so that anti-resonance occurs at a line spectrum frequency, line spectrum frequency is filtered, isolation of a mechanical vibration line spectrum is achieved, and the technical problems that double vibration isolation of a mechanical vibration broadband and the line spectrum cannot be achieved, and bearing capacity is insufficient in the prior art are solved.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic low frequency suction vibration isolator including: a hydraulic vibration isolator and a hydraulic vibration absorber;
the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a bellows elastic oil tank and a top cover; the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank is of a metal corrugated pipe structure so as to provide elasticity in the axial direction, and an oil cavity is defined by the metal corrugated pipe structure and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank; a base of the bellows elastic oil tank is provided with a hydraulic oil channel which is communicated with the oil cavity and the outside; the top cover is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank, the lower part of the top cover is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity; a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator; an exhaust channel for communicating the outside and the oil cavity is arranged on the top cover;
the hydraulic vibration absorber comprises an external guide pipe and an external hydraulic oil cylinder; the external hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the hydraulic oil channel through the external conduit, so that the hydraulic vibration absorber is connected in the vibration transmission path of the hydraulic vibration isolator to form hydraulic inertia coupling so as to absorb a vibration line spectrum during resonance.
Furthermore, the hydraulic oil channel is a three-way channel, and two external openings are connected with the hydraulic vibration absorber and the other hydraulic vibration isolator respectively.
Furthermore, the exhaust passage is a three-way passage, one opening of the exhaust passage is connected with the outside, and the two openings are connected with the oil cavity.
Furthermore, an opening of the exhaust channel connected with the outside is provided with a screw.
Further, the top cover and the bellows elastic oil tank are fastened and connected through bolts, and sealing elements are adopted to seal horizontal and vertical joint surfaces.
Further, the metal bellows is configured as a three-layer metal bellows.
Further, the metal bellows is configured as a single-layer metal bellows.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
(1) large bearing capacity: according to the structure designed by the invention, the large bearing capacity of the hydraulic vibration isolator is derived from the elastic force of the metal corrugated pipe and the hydraulic pressure of the fluid medium, one is equivalent to a metal spring, and the other is equivalent to a hydraulic spring which are connected in parallel; the elastic force of the metal corrugated pipe is related to the number of corrugations, the hydraulic pressure is in direct proportion to the area of the end face of the top cover and the pressure of the injected fluid medium, and when the area of the end face of the top cover is fixed, the fluid medium with required pressure is injected to adjust the bearing capacity; therefore, the invention can bear the mechanical weight together by the metal corrugated pipe elastic oil tank and the fluid medium, the bearing capacity is easy to design and adjust, and the invention can bear the weight of dozens to hundreds of tons of large-scale machines under the dual actions of metal elasticity and hydraulic pressure.
(2) Carrying out uniform bearing: the uniform load of the hydraulic vibration isolator is transmitted by pressure of fluid medium; according to the structure of the invention, a single or a group of hydraulic vibration isolators can be installed between the vibration-isolated machine and the foundation together, the hydraulic vibration isolators are communicated with each other through the through hole of the base and the externally-connected hydraulic pipeline, and the local unbalanced force generated by the change of the mechanical gravity center caused by mechanical vibration and external disturbance can be redistributed in time through the conduction of fluid medium, so that the hydraulic vibration isolators are always kept in a balanced loaded state; therefore, the structure of the invention can fully utilize the fluidity of the hydraulic medium, and conduct the unbalanced force caused by mechanical vibration or external disturbance in real time, so that the hydraulic vibration isolator is always in a self-balanced loaded state, and is particularly suitable for the use environment of the ship in which the sailing floating state changes at any time.
(3) Low-frequency vibration isolation: the low-frequency vibration isolation characteristic comes from a hydraulic amplification effect brought by the fact that a hydraulic suction vibration isolator is connected, the hydraulic amplification factor is the square of the ratio of the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe to the area of the channel of the external conduit, and the square of the ratio of the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe to the area of the channel of the external conduit is high because the sectional area of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe is large and the area of the; thus, the metal corrugated tube elastic oil tank with the conventional size can provide great rigidity, and the fluid medium in the external conduit has great apparent mass; when the vibration isolator is used for mechanical vibration isolation, the effective mass of the vibration isolation system is the sum of the mass of a vibration source and the apparent mass of a fluid medium in an external conduit, and not only is the mass of the vibration source; therefore, the invention can provide great additional mass of fluid under the condition of not reducing the rigidity of the vibration isolator, thereby having lower installation frequency and vibration isolation initial frequency and realizing low-frequency vibration isolation. In addition, the external conduit and the external oil cylinder adopted by the hydraulic vibration absorber can adopt hydraulic general components, and the components are directly connected with the hydraulic vibration isolator and can be connected into a vibration transmission path of the hydraulic vibration isolator to form the hydraulic vibration absorber integrating vibration isolation and vibration absorption.
(4) Line spectrum vibration elimination: on one hand, the elasticity of the metal corrugated pipe and the compressibility of the fluid medium can isolate mechanical low-frequency broadband vibration; on the other hand, the external conduit and the external oil cylinder form a hydraulic vibration absorber which is connected in a vibration transmission path, the fluid medium in the conduit vibrates to generate an inertia force, the fluid medium in the oil cylinder vibrates to generate an elastic force, and the inertia force and the elastic force are mutually offset at the frequency of a line spectrum, so that a vibration line spectrum can be absorbed; therefore, the invention has the anti-resonance vibration isolation characteristic, can generate anti-resonance at the frequency of a line spectrum and block the transmission of the line spectrum.
(5) The rigidity can be adjusted: the characteristic that the bulk modulus of elasticity of the fluid medium is related to the pressure is fully utilized, the rigidity of the elastic oil tank can be changed by injecting the fluid medium with different pressures, and further the natural frequency of the vibration isolator and the installation frequency of the vibration isolation system are adjusted.
(6) No creep: the oil tank is made of metal materials, and has no nonmetal materials such as rubber and the like which can generate creep effect, and the deformation state is stable;
(7) the hydraulic oil tank has a simple structure, can be directly composed of general elements of a hydraulic system, simultaneously considers the structural design safety, provides emergency protection through the cylindrical boss, and ensures the mechanical operation safety, particularly, the cylindrical boss of the top cover has the functions of ① serving as a limiter to ensure the stability of the vibration isolation system, ② reduces the oil injection amount, fills the space of an oil cavity by the cylindrical boss, reduces the effective volume of the oil tank, ③ protects the elastic oil tank, and when the sealing is failed and an oil leakage accident occurs, the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe is pressed to sink along with the top cover, and the cylindrical boss contacts the bottom of the elastic oil tank of the metal corrugated pipe to bear the mechanical weight, so that the main.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment 1 of the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment 2 of the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-a hydraulic vibration isolator, 2-a hydraulic vibration absorber, 3-a bellows elastic oil tank, 4-a top cover, 5-a screw, 6-a bolt, 7-a sealing element, 8-an external conduit, 9-an external hydraulic oil cylinder, 10-an oil cavity, 11-an exhaust channel and 12-a hydraulic oil channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[ example 1 ]
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption and isolation device of the embodiment comprises a hydraulic vibration isolator 1 and a hydraulic vibration absorber 2.
The hydraulic vibration isolator 1 consists of a bellows elastic oil tank 3 and a top cover 4. Preferably, the circumferential surface of the bellows elastic oil tank 3 in the present embodiment is a three-layer metal bellows structure, which can provide better elasticity in the vertical direction. The metal bellows structure and the base enclose an oil chamber 10. A through hole is formed in the center of a base of the bellows elastic oil tank 3, two through holes are formed in the circumferential direction, and three through holes are communicated with each other to form a three-way passage serving as a hydraulic oil passage 12. One through hole in the circumferential direction of the base is used as a connecting interface of the hydraulic vibration absorber 2, and the other through hole is used as a connecting interface of other adjacent hydraulic vibration isolators, so that the serial connection work of the multiple hydraulic vibration isolators is realized. The lower part of the top cover 4 is of a cylindrical boss structure, the lower end face of the cylindrical boss of the top cover 4 is close to the upper end face of the base of the bellows elastic oil tank 3, and the clearance value of the cylindrical boss is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator 1, so that the stability of a vibration isolation system is ensured. The effect of cylinder boss still includes:
① is used as a limiter to ensure the stability of the vibration isolation system;
② filling the inner space of the bellows elastic oil tank 3 to reduce the amount of oil filling;
③, when the sealing is failed and oil leakage happens, the bellows elastic oil tank 3 sinks to bear the weight of machinery.
Preferably, a through hole which is internally communicated is formed in the center of the top cover 4 and the periphery of the cylindrical boss to form a three-way channel, and the external opening is screwed by a screw 5 to be used as an exhaust channel 11 of hydraulic oil. The top cover 4 is tightly connected with the bellows elastic oil tank 3 through a bolt 6, and two joint surfaces at the horizontal position and the vertical position are both reliably sealed by adopting a sealing element 7.
The hydraulic vibration absorber 2 is composed of an external guide pipe 8 and an external hydraulic oil cylinder 9, the external guide pipe 8 is equivalent to an inertial element, the external hydraulic oil cylinder 9 is equivalent to an elastic element, and the external guide pipe 8 and the external hydraulic oil cylinder 9 can adopt conventional general hydraulic devices. The hydraulic vibration absorber 2 is connected in the vibration transmission path of the hydraulic vibration isolator 1 to form hydraulic inertia coupling and absorb a vibration line spectrum during resonance.
The working principle of the hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator of the embodiment is described below.
In practical engineering, a plurality of hydraulic vibration absorbing and isolating devices are adopted to carry out mechanical vibration isolation design, the hydraulic vibration isolating devices are mutually connected through hydraulic pipelines, hydraulic oil in a bellows elastic oil tank is mutually communicated to form a communicating device, the communicating device is used for jointly bearing the mechanical weight, and mechanical unbalanced force is transmitted and distributed in real time, so that the hydraulic vibration isolating devices are always kept in a balanced bearing state. The bearing capacity of the hydraulic vibration isolator is in direct proportion to the pressure of the injected hydraulic oil, and the use requirement of large bearing capacity can be met. The elastic force of the hydraulic vibration isolator isolates mechanical broadband vibration, and a mechanical vibration line spectrum is absorbed by a hydraulic vibration absorber connected with the hydraulic vibration isolator. The number of the hydraulic vibration absorbers can be freely selected, and the hydraulic vibration absorbers can be connected to the vibration paths of different hydraulic vibration isolators 1 according to requirements, so that a feasible technical approach is provided for multi-spectral vibration isolation.
[ example 2 ]
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorbing and damping device of the present embodiment is different from the structure described in embodiment 1 in that the bellows elastic oil tank 3 is changed into a single bellows structure, and other structures are substantially the same and can be changed adaptively. The elasticity of the single corrugated pipe is not as good as that of the three corrugated pipes, but the manufacturing process is relatively simple, and the single corrugated pipe is suitable for being applied in a light-load vibration isolation scene.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator is characterized by comprising: the hydraulic vibration isolator comprises a hydraulic vibration isolator (1) and a hydraulic vibration absorber (2);
the hydraulic vibration isolator (1) comprises a bellows elastic oil tank (3) and a top cover (4); the circumferential surface of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank (3) is of a metal corrugated pipe structure so as to provide elasticity in the axial direction, and an oil cavity (10) is formed by the metal corrugated pipe structure and the base of the corrugated pipe elastic oil tank (3) in a surrounding manner; a base of the bellows elastic oil tank (3) is provided with a hydraulic oil channel (12) for communicating the oil cavity (10) with the outside; the top cover (4) is in sealing fit with the upper end of the bellows elastic oil tank (3), the lower part of the top cover (4) is of a cylindrical boss structure, and the cylindrical boss is positioned in the oil cavity (10); a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the cylindrical boss and the upper end face of the base, and the gap is equal to the limiting distance of the hydraulic vibration isolator (1); an exhaust channel (11) which is communicated with the outside and the oil cavity (10) is arranged on the top cover (4);
the hydraulic vibration absorber (2) comprises an external guide pipe (8) and an external hydraulic oil cylinder (9); the external hydraulic oil cylinder (9) is connected with the hydraulic oil channel (12) through the external guide pipe (8), so that the hydraulic vibration absorber (2) is connected in a vibration transmission path of the hydraulic vibration isolator (1) to form hydraulic inertia coupling, and a vibration line spectrum is absorbed during resonance.
2. The fluid pressure type low frequency absorbing vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein the metal bellows is constructed as a three-layer metal bellows.
3. The fluid pressure type low frequency absorption vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the metal bellows is constructed as a single layer metal bellows.
4. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydraulic oil passage (12) is a three-way passage, and two openings connected with the outside are respectively used for connecting the hydraulic vibration absorber (2) and the other hydraulic vibration isolator (1).
5. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said exhaust passage (11) is a three-way passage, one opening of which is connected to the outside, and two openings of which are connected to said oil chamber (10).
6. The hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the opening of the exhaust channel (11) connected with the outside is provided with a screw (5).
7. A hydraulic low-frequency absorption vibration isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the top cover (4) and the bellows elastic oil tank (3) are fastened and connected by bolts (6), and sealing elements (7) are used for sealing on horizontal and vertical joint surfaces.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911052277.8A CN110701241A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911052277.8A CN110701241A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Hydraulic low-frequency vibration absorption isolator |
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| CN110701241A true CN110701241A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111365404A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-03 | 重庆大学 | Quasi-zero rigidity vibration isolator with adjustable rigidity |
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2019
- 2019-10-31 CN CN201911052277.8A patent/CN110701241A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111365404A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-03 | 重庆大学 | Quasi-zero rigidity vibration isolator with adjustable rigidity |
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