CN210977616U - Supercritical compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Supercritical compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210977616U CN210977616U CN201922088533.0U CN201922088533U CN210977616U CN 210977616 U CN210977616 U CN 210977616U CN 201922088533 U CN201922088533 U CN 201922088533U CN 210977616 U CN210977616 U CN 210977616U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system, including energy storage section, cold-storage liquefaction section and inflation section. And the multi-stage compressor, the intercooler and the aftercooler in the energy storage section are sequentially connected. The cold accumulation heat exchanger, the liquid expander, the liquid air storage tank, the three-way conversion valve, the cryogenic pump and the cold energy heat exchanger in the cold accumulation liquefaction section are sequentially connected. The reheater and the expander in the expansion section are connected in sequence. The utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system has energy density height, efficient, can provide different grade cold volume and merit volume, load and follow good advantage, is applicable to fields such as electric wire netting peak shaving, renewable energy, distributed energy, and is friendly to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to fields such as compressed air energy storage, low temperature refrigeration, renewable energy, distributed energy relate to a compressed air energy storage system, and in particular to utilizes liquid air to carry out the super critical compressed air energy storage system of energy storage and cold storage, is a super critical compressed air energy storage system that can realize merit and cold energy step utilization.
Background
The sustainable development of energy and environmental problems is the basis of national economic development, and the solution of the energy and environmental problems in the power industry is an important component for ensuring the sustainable development of the economy of China. The electric energy storage is one of key technologies for adjusting the energy structure of China, developing renewable energy sources on a large scale and improving energy safety, and the research of the large-scale energy storage technology has important theoretical and practical values.
The existing energy storage system has the characteristics of pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, fuel cells and the like, and the pumped storage and the compressed air energy storage have the characteristics of high energy storage density, high output power and the like. However, the pumped storage power station has to build a dam, so that the water consumption is large and the ecology can be damaged to a certain extent. The compressed air energy storage system does not consume water, basically has no influence on the ecological environment, has the advantages of low initial investment cost, high efficiency, no toxicity, long service life and the like, and has a great development prospect.
Traditional compressed air energy storage power station is with high-pressure air storage in the gas receiver, need improve expander entry temperature through high-pressure air and fuel burning during the release energy, and energy density is low, receives the restriction of geographical position, relies on chemical fuel to provide the heat source simultaneously. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system combines the heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system with the liquid air energy storage system, the system does not need a combustion chamber, air is stored in a storage tank in a liquid state, the system is not limited by geographical environment, and the energy density is high. However, the existing supercritical compressed air energy storage system has the problems of large cold storage loss, insufficient energy utilization and the like. In addition, the existing supercritical compressed air energy storage system only provides work, and the energy output mode is single.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The above-mentioned defect and not enough to prior art, the utility model aims at providing an utilize liquid air to store up merit and cold-stored supercritical compressed air energy storage system, pursue the cold-storage side and reach cold and hot side energy matching, be one kind and can realize the supercritical compressed air energy storage system that merit and cold energy step utilized, this system has that energy density is high, efficient, can provide characteristics such as different grade cold volume and merit volume, operation are nimble.
The utility model discloses a realize that the technical scheme that its technical purpose adopted does:
a supercritical compressed air energy storage system comprises a multistage compressor, an intercooler, a postcooler, a multistage cold accumulation heat exchanger, a liquid expander, a liquid air storage tank, a reheater, a multistage expander, a normal temperature water tank and a hot water tank,
in the multi-stage compressor, gas pipelines of all stages of compressors are connected in sequence, an intercooler is arranged on an exhaust pipeline of each stage of compressor, a gas inlet of the first stage of compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, a gas outlet of the last stage of compressor is communicated with an inlet of the liquid air storage tank after sequentially passing through the intercooler, the aftercooler, the hot side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger and the liquid expander through pipelines,
in the multi-stage expansion machine, the gas lines of all stages of expansion machines are connected in sequence, a reheater is arranged on the gas inlet line of each stage of expansion machine, the gas outlet of the last stage of expansion machine is communicated with the atmosphere, the liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet of the first stage of expansion machine after sequentially passing through the first cold side of each stage of cold storage heat exchanger through the pipeline,
the hot side of each intercooler is respectively and correspondingly arranged on the exhaust pipeline of each stage of compressor, the cold side inlet of each intercooler is respectively communicated with the outlet of the normal temperature water tank through a pipeline, the cold side outlet of each intercooler is respectively communicated with the inlet of the hot water tank through a pipeline,
the cold side of each reheater is respectively and correspondingly arranged on the air inlet pipeline of each stage of expander, the hot side inlet of each reheater is respectively communicated with the outlet of the hot water tank through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of each reheater is respectively communicated with the inlet of the normal temperature water tank through a pipeline.
Preferably, the uncondensed low-temperature normal-pressure air outlet of the liquid air storage tank sequentially passes through the second cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger through a pipeline and then is communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the uncondensed low-temperature normal-pressure air outlet is formed in the top of the liquid air storage tank, and the liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is formed in the bottom of the liquid air storage tank.
Preferably, a radiator is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the normal-temperature water tank.
Preferably, a cryogenic pump and a refrigeration heat exchanger are arranged on a liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank, a three-way change-over valve is respectively arranged at inlets of the cryogenic pump and the refrigeration heat exchanger, and a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between the inlets and the corresponding outlets through the three-way change-over valve. When the system releases energy/cold, the liquid air discharged by the liquid air storage tank is pressurized to a certain pressure by the cryogenic pump and then can be conveyed to the low-temperature cold energy heat exchanger to realize the conveyance of cold energy, and the gas after heat exchange is conveyed to each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger for heating and simultaneously recovering cold energy. The cold energy distribution and the pressurization requirements of different energy release pressures of different user requirements are met by selectively opening or closing the three-way switching valve.
Furthermore, the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the cold accumulation heat exchangers of all stages are respectively provided with a cryogenic pump and a cold heat exchanger, the inlets of each cryogenic pump and the cold heat exchanger are respectively provided with a three-way conversion valve, and bypass pipelines are respectively arranged between the inlets and the outlets of the corresponding parts through the three-way conversion valves. The cryogenic pump promotes air pressure energy through pressurization, expansion work of air in the expander is achieved, and the cold energy heat exchanger achieves flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are selectively opened or closed through a three-way switching valve, so that cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
Furthermore, a low-temperature pump and a cold energy heat exchanger are respectively arranged on the outlet pipeline of the first cold side of at least one stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger at the downstream, the inlets of the low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are respectively provided with a three-way change-over valve, and a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between the three-way change-over valve and the outlet of the corresponding component; the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the other cold accumulation heat exchangers at all levels are only respectively provided with a cold heat exchanger, the inlet of each cold heat exchanger is respectively provided with a three-way change-over valve, and a bypass pipeline is arranged between the inlet of each cold heat exchanger and the outlet of the corresponding part through the three-way change-over valve. The cryogenic pump promotes air pressure energy through pressurization, expansion work of air in the expander is achieved, and the cold energy heat exchanger achieves flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are selectively opened or closed through a three-way switching valve, so that cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
Preferably, cryogenic pumps are respectively arranged on a liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank and an outlet pipeline of the first cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger, a first three-way change-over valve is respectively arranged at an inlet of each cryogenic pump, a second three-way change-over valve is respectively arranged at an outlet of each cryogenic pump, a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between each cryogenic pump and the corresponding outlet through the first three-way change-over valve, an inlet of each second three-way change-over valve is communicated with an outlet of the cryogenic pump, the first outlet is communicated with an inlet of the first cold side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger adjacent to the downstream, a cold energy heat exchanger is arranged on each second outlet pipeline, and an outlet of the cold energy heat. The cryogenic pump promotes air pressure energy through pressurization, expansion work of air in the expander is achieved, and the cold energy heat exchanger achieves flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are selectively opened or closed through a three-way switching valve, so that cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
Preferably, a cryogenic pump is respectively arranged on a liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank and an outlet pipeline of a first cold side of at least one stage of downstream cold accumulation heat exchanger, a first three-way change-over valve is respectively arranged at an inlet of each cryogenic pump, a second three-way change-over valve is respectively arranged at an outlet of each cryogenic pump, a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between each cryogenic pump and the corresponding outlet through the first three-way change-over valve, an inlet of each second three-way change-over valve is communicated with an outlet of the cryogenic pump, the first outlet is communicated with an inlet of the first cold side of the downstream adjacent cold accumulation heat exchanger, a cold energy heat exchanger is arranged on each second outlet pipeline, and an outlet of the cold energy heat; and the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the rest cold accumulation heat exchangers at all levels are respectively provided with a third three-way conversion valve, the first outlet of the third three-way conversion valve is communicated with the inlet of the first cold side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger adjacent to the downstream, the second outlet pipeline is provided with a cold energy heat exchanger, and the outlet of the cold energy heat exchanger is communicated with the outside. The cryogenic pump promotes air pressure energy through pressurization, expansion work of air in the expander is achieved, and the cold energy heat exchanger achieves flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are selectively opened or closed through a three-way switching valve, so that cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned supercritical compressed air energy storage system, according to the function after each parts makes up, can with the system divides energy storage section, cold-storage liquefaction section and energy release section:
in the energy storage section, a multi-stage compressor, each stage of intercoolers and an aftercooler are connected in sequence.
In the energy release section, each level of reheaters and the multi-level expansion machines are connected in sequence. The hot water side of the reheater is connected with the hot water tank, the cold water side of the intercooler and the normal temperature water tank in sequence through pipelines.
In the cold accumulation liquefaction section, each level of cold accumulation heat exchanger, the liquid expander, the liquid air storage tank, the three-way conversion valve, the cryogenic pump and the cold energy heat exchanger are connected in sequence. The top gas side of the liquid air storage tank and the cold accumulation heat exchanger are sequentially connected through a pipeline. The low-temperature pump can be used for increasing the air pressure energy through pressurization so as to realize expansion work of air in the expansion machine. The cold energy heat exchanger realizes the flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside.
The utility model discloses an among the supercritical compressed air energy storage system, the liquid air in the liquid air storage tank flows through cryopump, cold volume heat exchanger, absorbs the heat, provides the cold energy. In each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger, high-pressure air after pressure boost and heat exchange enters a multi-stage expander through each stage of reheaters to do expansion work, and the cascade utilization of work is realized.
The utility model discloses an among the supercritical compressed air energy storage system, highly-compressed air passes through after-cooler and cold-storage heat exchanger cooling back at different levels, enters into liquid air storage tank and stores after the liquid expansion machine inflation liquefaction again.
Preferably, each level of cold accumulation heat exchanger can adopt the forms of direct cold accumulation of a packed bed, indirect cold accumulation of the packed bed and double-tank indirect cold accumulation by adopting a liquid cold accumulation working medium.
Preferably, water pumps are arranged on outlet pipelines of the normal-temperature water tank and the hot water tank.
Preferably, the cold energy heat exchanger, the reheater and the intercooler are one or a combination of plate-fin type, shell-and-tube type and plate type heat exchangers.
Preferably, the multistage compressor is driven by an electric motor, and the multistage expander is in transmission connection with a generator.
Preferably, the multistage compressor and the multistage expander are one of a piston type, axial flow type, centrifugal type, screw type or hybrid type turbine.
The utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system, its theory of operation is:
during energy storage, the multistage compressor is driven by redundant electric energy to compress air to a supercritical state, after the air is cooled by the intercoolers and the aftercoolers at all stages, the air in the supercritical state is isobaric cooled again by using cold energy stored in the multistage cold accumulation heat exchanger, then the air is stored in the liquid air storage tank after being expanded and liquefied by the liquid expansion machine, and meanwhile, compression heat generated by the air in the multistage compression process is recovered and stored in the hot water tank.
When releasing energy, liquid air is pressurized to supercritical pressure by a low-temperature pump, heated to normal temperature in a cold accumulation heat exchanger and a cold energy heat exchanger, and expanded by a multi-stage expander to do work after absorbing compression heat in a reheater. Meanwhile, a part of cold energy in the liquid air is recovered and stored in the cold accumulation heat exchanger, and a part of cold energy is used for providing cold energy through the cold energy heat exchanger.
The utility model discloses an among the supercritical compressed air energy storage system, the cryopump promotes the air pressure energy through the pressurization, realizes the expansion acting of air in the expander. The cold energy heat exchanger realizes the flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. And high-pressure air after being subjected to pressure boosting and heat exchange in the cold accumulation liquefaction section enters the multistage expansion unit through the reheater to perform expansion work, so that the cascade utilization of work is realized. The cold accumulation liquefaction section adopts a 1-stage or multi-stage low-temperature pump and a multi-stage cold quantity heat exchanger for pressurization and heat exchange, thereby realizing the cascade utilization of cold energy. The low-temperature pump and the cold energy heat exchanger can be selectively opened or closed through a valve, so that the cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
Can find out through above-mentioned technical scheme, compare with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the system combines low-temperature refrigeration and gas expansion work application on the basis of a supercritical compressed air energy storage system, realizes the cascade utilization of work and cold energy by utilizing the multistage cold accumulation heat exchanger, the cryogenic pump and the multistage cold energy heat exchanger, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system. The utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system has energy density height, efficient, can provide different grade cold volume and merit volume, load and follow good advantage, is applicable to fields such as electric wire netting peak shaving, renewable energy, distributed energy, and is friendly to the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a supercritical compressed air energy storage system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold accumulation liquefaction section in the supercritical compressed air energy storage system (closed type).
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold accumulation liquefaction section in the supercritical compressed air energy storage system (open type).
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate:
1, atmosphere; 2: an aftercooler; 3, cold accumulation liquefaction section inlet; 4: a liquid expander inlet; 5: a liquid expander; 6: a liquid air outlet of the liquid expander; 7: a liquid air storage tank; 8: a liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank; 9: low temperature atmospheric air; 10: a normal pressure air outlet; 11: high pressure air for entering the expansion section; 12: exhausting by the final stage expander; 13: a normal temperature water tank; 14: a hot water tank; 15: a heat sink; 16: a water pump; 17: a water pump; 18: an electric motor; 19: a generator; V1-V9: a three-way change-over valve; C1-C4 is compressor; A1-A4 is an intercooler; B. B1-B5 is a cold accumulation heat exchanger; p, P1-P3 is a low-temperature pump; H1-H6 is a cold energy heat exchanger; E1-E4 is an expander; R1-R4 reheater
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system, including multistage compressor C1 ~ C4, intercooler A1 ~ A4, aftercooler 2, multistage cold-storage heat exchanger B, liquid expander 5, liquid air storage tank 7, cryopump P1, cold volume heat exchanger H1, reheater R1 ~ R4, multistage expander E1 ~ E4, radiator 15, normal atmospheric temperature water tank 13, hot-water tank 14. Among the multistage compressors C1-C4, gas lines of the compressors C1-C4 at each stage are sequentially connected, an intercooler A1-A4 is arranged on an exhaust gas line of the compressors C1-C4 at each stage, a gas inlet of the compressor C1 at the first stage is communicated with the atmosphere 1, a gas outlet of the compressor C4 at the last stage sequentially passes through the intercooler A4 and a aftercooler 2 and then is introduced into a hot side inlet (namely a cold accumulation liquefaction section inlet 3) of the cold accumulation heat exchanger B at the multistage, a hot side outlet of the cold accumulation heat exchanger B is communicated with an inlet 4 of the liquid expander 5, and a liquid air outlet 6 of the liquid expander 5 is communicated with an inlet of the liquid air storage tank 7. In the multi-stage expanders E1-E4, gas lines of all stages of expanders E1-E4 are connected in sequence, a reheater R1-R4 is arranged on a gas inlet line of each stage of expanders E1-E4, exhaust gas 12 of the last stage of expander E4 is communicated with the atmosphere, and a liquid air outlet 8 of a liquid air storage tank 7 is communicated with a gas inlet of a first stage of expander E1 after sequentially passing through a first cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger B through a pipeline. Hot sides of intercoolers A1-A4 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on exhaust pipelines of compressors C1-C4 at each stage, cold side inlets of the intercoolers A1-A4 are respectively communicated with outlets of normal temperature water tanks 13 through pipelines, cold side outlets of the intercoolers A1-A4 are respectively communicated with inlets of hot water tanks 14 through pipelines, cold sides of reheaters R1-R4 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on intake pipelines of expanders E1-E4 at each stage, hot side inlets of the reheaters R1-R4 are respectively communicated with outlets of the hot water tanks 14 through pipelines, and hot side outlets of the reheaters R1-R4 are respectively communicated with inlets of the normal temperature water tanks 13 through pipelines.
And further, with continued reference to fig. 1, the uncondensed low-temperature normal-pressure air outlet of the liquid air storage tank 7 is communicated with the atmosphere through the normal-pressure air outlet 10 after sequentially passing through the second cold sides of the cold accumulation heat exchangers B of all stages through a pipeline of low-temperature normal-pressure air 9. The uncondensed low-temperature normal-pressure air outlet of the liquid air storage tank 7 is arranged at the top of the liquid air storage tank 7, and the liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank 7 is arranged at the bottom. A radiator 15 is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the normal temperature water tank 13, and water pumps 16 and 17 are arranged on outlet pipelines of the normal temperature water tank 13 and the hot water tank 14. The driving unit 18 is coaxially connected with the multistage compressors C1 to C4, and the generator 19 is coaxially connected with the expanders E1 to E4.
With continued reference to fig. 1, as a preferred option, a cryopump P1 and a refrigeration heat exchanger H1 are disposed on the liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank 7, and a three-way switching valve V1 is disposed at the inlet of the cryopump P1 and the refrigeration heat exchanger H1, respectively, and a bypass pipeline is disposed between each of the outlets and the corresponding outlet through a three-way switching valve V1. When the system releases energy/cold, the liquid air discharged from the liquid air storage tank 7 is pressurized to a certain pressure by the low-temperature pump P1 and then can be conveyed to the low-temperature cold energy heat exchanger H1 to realize the conveyance of cold energy, and the gas after heat exchange is conveyed to each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger B for heating and simultaneously recovering cold energy.
The cryogenic pump promotes air pressure energy through pressurization, expansion work of air in the expander is achieved, and the cold energy heat exchanger achieves flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The cold energy heat exchanger and the cryopump are selectively opened or closed through a three-way conversion valve, so that cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
As a preferred, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold accumulation liquefaction section in a supercritical compressed air energy storage system (closed type). Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an exhaust port of the last stage compressor C4 sequentially passes through the intercooler a4 and the aftercooler 2 through a pipeline and then is introduced into hot side inlets (i.e., cold accumulation liquefaction section inlets 3) of the multistage cold accumulation heat exchangers B1 to B5, hot side outlets of the multistage cold accumulation heat exchangers B1 to B5 are communicated with an inlet 4 of the liquid expander 5, and a liquid air outlet 6 of the liquid expander 5 is communicated with an inlet of the liquid air storage tank 7. The uncondensed low-temperature normal-pressure air outlet of the liquid air storage tank 7 is communicated with the atmosphere through a normal-pressure air outlet 10 after sequentially passing through the second cold sides of the cold accumulation heat exchangers B1-B5 of all stages through a pipeline of low-temperature normal-pressure air 9. And a liquid air outlet 8 of the liquid air storage tank 7 is communicated with an air inlet of a first-stage expander E1 after sequentially passing through the first cold sides of all stages of cold storage heat exchangers B1-B5 through pipelines.
A cryogenic pump P1 and a cold heat exchanger H1 are arranged on a liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank 7, a three-way switching valve V1 and a three-way switching valve V2 are respectively arranged at inlets of the cryogenic pump P1 and the cold heat exchanger H1, and a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between the outlets and the corresponding outlets through the three-way switching valves V1 and V2. When the system releases energy/cold, the liquid air discharged from the liquid air storage tank 7 is pressurized to a certain pressure by the low-temperature pump P1 and then can be conveyed to the low-temperature cold energy heat exchanger H1 to realize the conveyance of cold energy, and the gas after heat exchange is conveyed to each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger B for heating and simultaneously recovering cold energy.
Low-temperature pumps P2 and P3 and cold energy heat exchangers H2 and H3 are respectively arranged on outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the 4 th and 5 th grade cold accumulation heat exchangers B4 and B5, inlets of the low-temperature pumps P2 and P3 and the cold energy heat exchangers H2 and H3 are respectively provided with three-way switching valves V3-V6, and bypass pipelines are respectively arranged between the inlets of the corresponding parts and outlets of the corresponding parts through the three-way switching valves V3-V6; the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the rest cold accumulation heat exchangers B1-B3 at all levels are only respectively provided with cold energy heat exchangers H4-H6, the inlets of each cold energy heat exchanger H4-H6 are respectively provided with three-way switching valves V7-V9, and bypass pipelines are respectively arranged between the inlets of the corresponding parts and the outlets of the corresponding parts through the three-way switching valves V7-V9. The cryogenic pumps P2 and P3 can boost the air pressure energy through pressurization to realize expansion work of air in the expansion machines E1-E4, and the cold energy heat exchangers H1-H6 can realize flexible release of cold energy through heat exchange with the outside. The cryopumps P2 and P3 and the refrigeration heat exchangers H1-H6 are selectively opened or closed through a three-way switching valve, so that the cold energy distribution required by different users is met.
Combine fig. 1, 2, the utility model discloses a supercritical compressed air energy storage system is when energy storage/cold storage, and drive unit 18 drive compressor C1 ~ C4 compress the supercritical state with the air step by step, and intercooler A1 ~ A4 storage compression heat realizes the interstage cooling of air. The air in critical state is isobaric cooled and liquefied in the multistage cold accumulation heat exchangers B1-B5, expanded by the liquid expander 5 to do work, cooled and depressurized, liquefied and stored in the liquid air storage tank 7.
When releasing energy/cold, the liquid air is pressurized to a certain pressure by the low-temperature pump P1 and then can be conveyed to the low-temperature cold energy heat exchanger H1 to realize the conveyance of cold energy, the gas after heat exchange is conveyed to the cold accumulation heat exchanger B5 to be heated, meanwhile, the cold energy is recycled, the cold outlet heat exchanger B5 is pressurized again through a low-temperature pump P2 (the step is not carried out under the conditions that the air is in a liquid state and the pressure for releasing the energy is insufficient, if not under the conditions of the two conditions) and the low-temperature heat exchanger H2 releases the cold (if the gradient cold energy is needed, the step is not carried out), and then the cold outlet heat exchanger B4 enters the cold storage heat exchanger B4, the process is repeated until the last stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger B1, the gas heated by the cold accumulation heat exchanger B1 absorbs the compression heat in the reheaters R1-R4 to further raise the temperature, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas after temperature rise enters the multistage expanders E1-E4 through pipelines to do work through expansion. Reheaters R1-R4 are used for interstage heating of air. The number of the cryogenic cold heat exchangers and the number of the cryogenic pumps in the system can be set according to the requirements of users, and 3 cryogenic pumps and 6 cryogenic heat exchangers are selected in the embodiment.
In general, the energy storage/cold storage and energy release/cold release processes do not operate simultaneously. When storing energy/storing cold, the compressor units C1-C4 and the liquid expander 5 work, the expander units E1-E4 and the cryopump P1-P3 are shut down, the intercoolers A1-A4 recover compression heat and cool gas, the hot water tank 14 stores the compression heat, and the cold storage heat exchangers B1-B5 release cold cooling gas. When energy releasing/cold releasing is carried out, the compressor units C1-C4 and the liquid expander 5 are shut down, the expander units E1-E4 and the low-temperature pumps P1-P3 work, the cold storage heat exchangers B1-B5 recover energy storage cold, the reheaters R1-R4 release compression heat, and the air temperature is increased.
As another preferred mode, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold accumulation liquefaction section in the supercritical compressed air energy storage system (open type). The structure is basically the same as that of the example shown in fig. 2, but the air after the cold energy is released by the low-temperature heat exchanger does not return to the cold storage heat exchanger, but is directly discharged, so as to obtain a larger temperature range of the released cold energy. Other workflows are similar.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A supercritical compressed air energy storage system comprises a multistage compressor, an intercooler, a postcooler, a multistage cold accumulation heat exchanger, a liquid expander, a liquid air storage tank, a reheater, a multistage expander, a normal temperature water tank and a hot water tank,
in the multi-stage compressor, gas pipelines of all stages of compressors are connected in sequence, an intercooler is arranged on an exhaust pipeline of each stage of compressor, a gas inlet of the first stage of compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, a gas outlet of the last stage of compressor is communicated with an inlet of the liquid air storage tank after sequentially passing through the intercooler, the aftercooler, the hot side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger and the liquid expander through pipelines,
in the multi-stage expansion machine, the gas lines of all stages of expansion machines are connected in sequence, a reheater is arranged on the gas inlet line of each stage of expansion machine, the gas outlet of the last stage of expansion machine is communicated with the atmosphere, the liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet of the first stage of expansion machine after sequentially passing through the first cold side of each stage of cold storage heat exchanger through the pipeline,
the hot side of each intercooler is respectively and correspondingly arranged on the exhaust pipeline of each stage of compressor, the cold side inlet of each intercooler is respectively communicated with the outlet of the normal temperature water tank through a pipeline, the cold side outlet of each intercooler is respectively communicated with the inlet of the hot water tank through a pipeline,
the cold side of each reheater is respectively and correspondingly arranged on the air inlet pipeline of each stage of expander, the hot side inlet of each reheater is respectively communicated with the outlet of the hot water tank through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of each reheater is respectively communicated with the inlet of the normal temperature water tank through a pipeline.
2. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein the uncondensed low temperature and normal pressure air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is communicated with the atmosphere after passing through the second cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger in sequence through a pipeline.
3. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system of claim 2 wherein the uncondensed low temperature atmospheric air outlet is disposed at the top of the liquid air storage tank and the liquid air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is disposed at the bottom.
4. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein a heat sink is provided in the inlet line of the ambient water tank.
5. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein a cryopump and a refrigeration heat exchanger are provided on the liquid air outlet line of the liquid air storage tank, and a three-way switching valve is provided at each of the inlets of the cryopump and the refrigeration heat exchanger, and a bypass line is provided between each of the three-way switching valves and the corresponding outlet.
6. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 5 wherein the cryogenic pump and the refrigeration heat exchanger are respectively arranged on the outlet pipeline of the first cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger, the inlet of each cryogenic pump and the inlet of each refrigeration heat exchanger are respectively provided with a three-way switching valve, and a bypass pipeline is respectively arranged between the three-way switching valve and the outlet of the corresponding component.
7. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 5 wherein the outlet lines of the first cold side of at least one stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger downstream are respectively provided with a cryopump and a cold energy heat exchanger, and the inlets of the cryopump and the cold energy heat exchanger are respectively provided with a three-way change-over valve, and a bypass pipeline is arranged between the outlets of the corresponding components and the inlets of the three-way change-over valve; the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the other cold accumulation heat exchangers at all levels are only respectively provided with a cold heat exchanger, the inlet of each cold heat exchanger is respectively provided with a three-way change-over valve, and a bypass pipeline is arranged between the inlet of each cold heat exchanger and the outlet of the corresponding part through the three-way change-over valve.
8. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein a cryogenic pump is disposed on the liquid air outlet line of the liquid air storage tank and the outlet line of the first cold side of each stage of cold accumulation heat exchanger, and a first three-way change-over valve is disposed at the inlet of each cryogenic pump, a second three-way change-over valve is disposed at the outlet of each cryogenic pump, and a bypass pipeline is disposed between each first three-way change-over valve and the corresponding outlet, the inlet of the second three-way change-over valve is communicated with the outlet of the cryogenic pump, the first outlet is communicated with the inlet of the first cold side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger adjacent downstream, a cold heat exchanger is disposed on the second outlet pipeline, and the outlet of the cold heat exchanger is communicated with the outside.
9. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein cryogenic pumps are respectively disposed on the liquid air outlet pipeline of the liquid air storage tank and the outlet pipeline of the first cold side of at least one stage of downstream cold accumulation heat exchanger, and a first three-way change-over valve is respectively disposed at the inlet of each cryogenic pump, a second three-way change-over valve is respectively disposed at the outlet, and a bypass pipeline is respectively disposed between the first three-way change-over valve and the corresponding outlet, the inlet of the second three-way change-over valve is communicated with the outlet of the cryogenic pump, the first outlet is communicated with the inlet of the first cold side of the downstream adjacent cold accumulation heat exchanger, a cold heat exchanger is disposed on the second outlet pipeline, and the outlet of the cold heat exchanger is communicated with the outside; and the outlet pipelines of the first cold sides of the rest cold accumulation heat exchangers at all levels are respectively provided with a third three-way conversion valve, the first outlet of the third three-way conversion valve is communicated with the inlet of the first cold side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger adjacent to the downstream, the second outlet pipeline is provided with a cold energy heat exchanger, and the outlet of the cold energy heat exchanger is communicated with the outside.
10. The supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein water pumps are provided on the outlet lines of the normal temperature water tank and the hot water tank.
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| CN112302742A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Air energy storage system and method with peak regulation and stable combustion functions |
| CN112855292A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Liquefied air energy storage-temperature difference power generation coupling system and working method thereof |
| CN113090348A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Multistage impeller unit of integrated heat exchanger of integral type |
| CN113202587A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Compressed air and liquid air combined energy storage power generation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112302742A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Air energy storage system and method with peak regulation and stable combustion functions |
| CN112855292A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Liquefied air energy storage-temperature difference power generation coupling system and working method thereof |
| CN113090348A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Multistage impeller unit of integrated heat exchanger of integral type |
| CN113266439A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Liquid air energy storage triple co-generation operation method and system based on multi-path expansion |
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