CN113202587B - Compressed air and liquid air combined energy storage power generation system - Google Patents
Compressed air and liquid air combined energy storage power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202587B CN113202587B CN202110644572.3A CN202110644572A CN113202587B CN 113202587 B CN113202587 B CN 113202587B CN 202110644572 A CN202110644572 A CN 202110644572A CN 113202587 B CN113202587 B CN 113202587B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/006—Accumulators and steam compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/02—Use of accumulators and specific engine types; Control thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air. Wherein, the export of one-level air compressor unit is connected with compression heat storage utilization equipment. The compressed heat storage utilization device is connected with the compressed air storage unit. The compression heat storage utilization device is connected with the liquid air storage unit. The compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit. Through the structural arrangement, the compressed air and the liquid air can be used for jointly generating power. On one hand, the problem of low energy storage density of a compressed air energy storage power station can be solved; on the other hand, the response rate of the liquid air energy storage power station can be improved. Therefore, the flexibility and the operation efficiency of the air energy storage system are effectively improved. Meanwhile, the compressed air energy storage power station and the liquid air energy storage power station share the first-stage air compressor unit, the compressed heat storage and utilization device and the expansion power generation unit, and the investment cost of facility equipment is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid air energy storage, in particular to a compressed air and liquid air combined energy storage power generation system.
Background
Air energy storage is an emerging large-scale green energy storage technology. The air energy storage comprises compressed air energy storage and liquid air energy storage. The conventional compressed air energy storage power station has low energy storage density and large occupied area, but the system is simple and the response is quick. The liquid air energy storage power station has high energy storage density and small occupied area, but the system is complex and the response is slow. Meanwhile, when the compressed air energy storage power station and the liquid air energy storage power station are independently arranged, corresponding equipment facilities need to be arranged respectively, and the investment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air.
According to the invention, the combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air comprises: the system comprises a primary air compressor set, a compression heat storage and utilization device, a compressed air storage unit, a liquid air storage unit and an expansion power generation unit.
The outlet of the primary air compressor unit is connected with the compression heat storage and utilization device so as to store the heat of the compressed air into the compression heat storage and utilization device. The compressed heat storage utilization device is connected with the compressed air storage unit to store compressed air. The compression heat storage utilization device is connected with the liquid air storage unit to store liquid air. The compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit so as to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air.
According to the combined energy storage power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the compressed air storage unit comprises a compressed air energy storage two-stage air compressor and a compressed air storage tank. The compression heat storage utilization device includes a first heat exchange side and a second heat exchange side.
And the outlet of the primary air compressor unit is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange side of the compression heat storage and utilization device. And the outlet of the first heat exchange side is connected with a compressed air conveying main pipe. And the inlet of the compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor is connected with the compressed air delivery main pipe through a first compressed air branch pipe. And, a first flow control valve is installed on the first compressed air branch pipe. And the outlet of the compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchange side of the compression heat storage utilization device. And the outlet of the second heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the compressed air storage tank.
According to the combined energy storage power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the liquid air storage unit comprises a precooler, a molecular sieve purification device, a liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor, a cold accumulator, a throttling element, a gas-liquid separator and a liquid air storage tank. The compression heat storage utilization device further comprises a third heat exchange side. The precooler includes a fourth heat exchange side. The regenerator includes a fifth heat exchange side.
And the inlet of the fourth heat exchange side of the precooler is connected with the compressed air conveying main pipe through a liquid air branch pipe. And a second flow control valve is arranged on the liquid air branch pipe. And the outlet of the fourth heat exchange side of the precooler is connected with the inlet of the molecular sieve purification device. And the outlet of the molecular sieve purifying device is connected with the inlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor. And the outlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor is connected with the inlet of a third heat exchange side of the compression heat storage and utilization device. And the outlet of the third heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the fifth heat exchange side of the cold accumulator. And the outlet of the fifth heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the throttling element. The outlet of the throttling element is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator. And a liquid air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the liquid air storage tank.
According to the combined energy storage and power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the cold accumulator further comprises a sixth heat exchange side. The precooler also comprises a seventh heat exchange side.
And a gas-phase air outlet of the liquid air storage tank is connected with an inlet of a sixth heat exchange side of the cold accumulator. The outlet of the sixth heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the seventh heat exchange side of the precooler. And the outlet of the seventh heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor.
According to the combined energy storage and power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the liquid air storage unit further comprises a low-temperature pump. The regenerator further comprises an eighth heat exchange side. The compression heat storage utilization device further comprises a ninth heat exchange side.
Wherein an outlet of the liquid air storage tank is connected with an inlet of the cryogenic pump. And the outlet of the cryogenic pump is connected with the inlet of the eighth heat exchange side of the cold accumulator. And the outlet of the eighth heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the ninth heat exchange side of the compression heat storage and utilization device. And the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side is connected with the expansion power generation unit.
According to the combined energy storage power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the outlet of the compressed air storage tank is connected with the compressed air exhaust manifold. And the eighth heat exchange side of the cold accumulator is connected with the compressed air exhaust main pipe through a second compressed air branch pipe. And a third flow control valve is mounted on the second compressed air branch pipe.
According to the combined energy storage power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the expansion power generation unit comprises an air turbine set and a generator.
And the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side of the compression heat storage and utilization device is connected with the air inlet of the air turbine unit. The air turbine set is connected with the generator.
The invention provides a combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air, which further comprises an indoor heat supply unit. The indoor heat supply unit comprises a heat supply and heat exchange device. The compression heat storage utilization device further comprises a waste heat utilization heat exchange side. The heat supply and heat exchange device comprises a tenth heat exchange side and an eleventh heat exchange side.
And the tenth heat exchange side of the heat supply and heat exchange device is connected with the waste heat utilization and heat exchange side of the compression heat storage and utilization device to form a heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop. And a heat supply fan serving as a circulating power source is arranged on the heat supply and heat exchange circulating loop.
And the eleventh heat exchange side of the heat supply and heat exchange device is connected with an indoor heating air conditioner to form an indoor heat supply circulation loop. And a hot water pump serving as a circulating power source is installed on the indoor heat supply circulating loop.
The invention provides a combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air, which further comprises an indoor cooling unit. The indoor cooling unit comprises a cooling heat exchange device. The cold supply heat exchange device comprises a twelfth heat exchange side and a thirteenth heat exchange side.
And an inlet of a twelfth heat exchange side of the cold supply and heat exchange device is connected with the compressed air exhaust main pipe through a third compressed air branch pipe. And a fourth flow control valve is arranged on the third compressed air branch pipe. And the outlet of the twelfth heat exchange side of the cold supply heat exchange device is connected with the inlet of the ninth heat exchange side of the compression heat storage utilization device.
And the thirteenth heat exchange side of the cold supply heat exchange device is connected with an indoor refrigeration air conditioner to form an indoor cold supply circulation loop. And a cold water pump serving as a circulating power source is installed on the indoor cold supply circulating loop.
According to the combined energy storage power generation system of the compressed air and the liquid air, the cooling and heat exchange device further comprises a fourteenth heat exchange side.
And an exhaust port of the air turbine unit is connected with an inlet of a fourteenth heat exchange side of the cooling and heat exchange device. And an outlet of the fourteenth heat exchange side is communicated with the indoor fresh air exchange channel.
The invention provides a combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air, which further comprises a motor and an air filter. The motor is connected with the first-stage air compressor unit to drive the first-stage air compressor unit to work. And the outlet of the air filter is connected with the inlet of the primary air compressor unit.
In the combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air provided by the invention, the outlet of the primary air compressor unit is connected with the compressed heat storage and utilization device so as to store the heat of the compressed air into the compressed heat storage and utilization device. The compressed heat storage utilization device is connected with the compressed air storage unit to store compressed air. The compression heat storage utilization device is connected with the liquid air storage unit to store liquid air. The compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit so as to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air.
Through the structure, the compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit so as to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air. On one hand, the problem of low energy storage density of a compressed air energy storage power station can be solved; on the other hand, the response rate of the liquid air energy storage power station can be improved. Therefore, the flexibility and the operation efficiency of the air energy storage system are effectively improved. Meanwhile, the compressed air energy storage power station and the liquid air energy storage power station share the first-stage air compressor unit, the compressed heat storage and utilization device and the expansion power generation unit, and the investment cost of facility equipment is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1: an air filter; 2: a primary air compressor unit;
3: a precooler; 4: a compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor unit;
5: a molecular sieve purification unit; 6: a liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor unit;
7: a second flow control valve; 8: a first flow control valve;
9: a compression heat storage utilization device; 10: a regenerator;
11: a throttling element; 12: a gas-liquid separator;
13: a liquid air storage tank; 14: a compressed air storage tank;
15: a cryopump; 16: a third flow rate control valve;
17: a fourth flow control valve; 18: an air turbine unit;
19: a cooling heat exchange device; 20: a cold water pump;
21: indoor refrigeration air conditioner; 22: a hot air supply fan;
23: a heat supply and exchange device; 24: a hot water pump;
25: indoor heating air-conditioning; 26: a compressed air delivery manifold;
27: a first compressed air branch pipe; 28: liquid air branch pipe
29: a compressed air exhaust manifold; 30: a second compressed air branch pipe;
31: a third compressed air branch pipe; 32: indoor fresh air exchange channel;
h1: a first heat exchange side; h2: a second heat exchange side;
h3: a third heat exchange side; h4: a fourth heat exchange side;
h5: a fifth heat exchange side; h6: a sixth heat exchange side;
h7: a seventh heat exchange side; h8: an eighth heat exchange side;
h9: a ninth heat exchange side; h10: a tenth heat exchange side;
h11: an eleventh heat transfer side; h12: a twelfth heat exchange side;
h13: a thirteenth heat exchange side; h14: a fourteenth heat transfer side;
h15: a waste heat utilization heat exchange side; m: an electric motor;
g: an electric generator.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "central", "longitudinal" and "longitudinal" are used herein,
Horizontal, up, down, front, back, left, right, vertical and horizontal,
The terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, are used for convenience in describing embodiments of the invention and in order to simplify the description, and are not intended to imply that the referenced devices or elements must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification to make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, and the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air provided by the invention is described with reference to fig. 1. It should be understood that the following description is only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and does not constitute any particular limitation of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air, as shown in fig. 1, the combined energy storage power generation system includes: the system comprises a primary air compressor set 2, a compression heat storage and utilization device 9, a compressed air storage unit, a liquid air storage unit and an expansion power generation unit.
Wherein, the outlet of the first-stage air compressor set 2 is connected with the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 so as to store the heat of the compressed air into the compression heat storage and utilization device 9. The compressed heat storage utilization device 9 is connected to a compressed air storage unit to store compressed air. The compression heat storage utilization device 9 is connected to a liquid air storage unit to store liquid air. The compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit so as to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air.
It should be noted here that the compression heat storage utilization device 9 includes, but is not limited to, a packed bed type heat accumulator, a hot water circulation system, or a conduction oil circulation system.
Through the structure, the compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit so as to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air. On one hand, the problem of low energy storage density of a compressed air energy storage power station can be solved; on the other hand, the response rate of the liquid air energy storage power station can be improved. Therefore, the flexibility and the operation efficiency of the air energy storage system are effectively improved. Meanwhile, the compressed air energy storage power station and the liquid air energy storage power station share the first-stage air compressor unit 2, the compressed heat storage and utilization device 9 and the expansion power generation unit, so that the investment cost of facility equipment is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air further comprises an electric motor M and an air filter 1. The motor M is connected with the first-stage air compressor unit 2 to drive the first-stage air compressor unit 2 to work. The outlet of the air filter 1 is connected to the inlet of the primary air compressor package 2.
It should be noted here that the present invention is not limited in any particular way with respect to the particular type of air filter 1. For example, the air filter 1 includes a self-cleaning filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the compressed air storage unit comprises a compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor 4 and a compressed air storage tank 14. The compression heat storage utilization device 9 includes a first heat exchanging side H1 and a second heat exchanging side H2.
Wherein the outlet of the primary air compressor group 2 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange side H1 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9. The outlet of the first heat exchanging side H1 is connected to a compressed air delivery manifold 26. The inlet of the compressed air storage secondary air compressor 4 is connected to a compressed air supply manifold 26 via a first compressed air branch line 27. The first compressed air branch pipe 27 is provided with a first flow rate control valve 8. The outlet of the compressed air storage secondary air compressor 4 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange side H2 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9. The outlet of the second heat exchanging side H2 is connected to the inlet of the compressed air storage tank 14.
Specifically, in the process of compressed air energy storage, air in a normal temperature and normal pressure state is purified by the air filter 1 and then enters the first-stage air compressor unit 2 to be compressed to a medium temperature and high pressure state. The air in the medium-temperature high-pressure state enters the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 from the inlet of the first heat exchanging side H1 to store the medium-temperature compression heat in the compression heat storage and utilization device 9, and the air in the medium-temperature high-pressure state is cooled to the normal-temperature high-pressure state. Part of the air in the normal-temperature high-pressure state is conveyed from the outlet of the first heat exchanging side H1 to the compressed air energy storage second air compressor 4 through the compressed air conveying manifold 26 and the first compressed air branch pipe 27 to continue to be heated and pressurized to the medium-temperature high-pressure state, and enters the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 again through the inlet of the second heat exchanging side H2 to store the medium-temperature compression heat into the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 again, and the air in the medium-temperature high-pressure state is cooled to the normal-temperature high-pressure state. The air in the normal temperature and high pressure state is transported and stored into the compressed air storage tank 14 through the outlet of the second heat exchanging side H2.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the liquid air storage unit comprises a precooler 3, a molecular sieve purification device 5, a liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor 6, a cold accumulator 10, a throttling element 11, a gas-liquid separator 12 and a liquid air storage tank 13. The compression heat storage utilization device 9 further includes a third heat exchanging side H3. The precooler 3 comprises a fourth heat exchanging side H4. The regenerator 10 includes a fifth heat exchanging side H5.
Wherein the inlet of the fourth heat exchange side H4 of the precooler 3 is connected to the compressed air supply manifold 26 via the liquid air branch line 28. The liquid air branch pipe 28 is provided with a second flow control valve 7. The outlet of the fourth heat exchange side H4 of the precooler 3 is connected to the inlet of the molecular sieve purification device 5. The outlet of the molecular sieve purifying device 5 is connected with the inlet of a liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor 6. The outlet of the liquid air storage secondary air compressor 6 is connected to the inlet of the third heat exchange side H3 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9. An outlet of the third heat exchanging side H3 is connected to an inlet of the fifth heat exchanging side H5 of the regenerator 10. The outlet of the fifth heat exchanging side H5 is connected to the inlet of the restriction element 11. The outlet of the throttling element 11 is connected to the inlet of a gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the liquid air reservoir 13.
Specifically, in the liquid air energy storage process, air in a normal temperature and normal pressure state is purified by the air filter 1 and then enters the first-stage air compressor unit 2 to be compressed to a medium temperature and high pressure state. The air in the medium-temperature high-pressure state enters the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 from the inlet of the first heat exchanging side H1 to store the medium-temperature compression heat in the compression heat storage and utilization device 9, and the air in the medium-temperature high-pressure state is cooled to the normal-temperature high-pressure state.
A part of the air in the normal temperature and high pressure state is stored in the compressed air storage tank 14 from the outlet of the first heat exchanging side H1 through the compressed air delivery manifold 26 and the first compressed air branch pipe 27.
The other part of the air in the normal-temperature and high-pressure state passes through the compressed air conveying manifold 26 and the liquid air branch pipe 28 from the outlet of the first heat exchanging side H1, enters the precooler 3 through the inlet of the fourth heat exchanging side H4 and is cooled. The air cooled by the precooler 3 enters the molecular sieve purifying device 5 from the outlet of the fourth heat exchange side H4 for decarburization and dehydration, and then is continuously warmed and pressurized to a medium-temperature and high-pressure state by the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor 6. Air in a medium-temperature and high-pressure state enters the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 from the inlet of the third heat exchanging side H3 to store medium-temperature compression heat in the compression heat storage and utilization device 9. After the air in the medium temperature and high pressure state is changed into the air in the normal temperature and high pressure state, the air enters the cold accumulator 10 through the outlet of the third heat exchanging side H3 and the inlet of the fifth heat exchanging side H5, and the air in the normal temperature and high pressure state absorbs the cold energy of the cold storage medium in the cold accumulator 10 and is cooled to the low temperature state. The air in the low-temperature and high-pressure state flows into the throttling element 11 from the outlet of the fifth heat exchanging side H5, is changed into the low-temperature and low-pressure state through the pressure reduction and expansion action of the throttling element 11, and generates gas-liquid two-phase air to enter the gas-liquid separator 12. Wherein, the liquid air is discharged from the liquid air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 12 and stored in the liquid air storage tank 13. Meanwhile, the first and second flow control valves 8 and 7 can adjust the proportion of air stored into the compressed air tank 14 and the liquid air tank 13.
It should be noted here that the present invention is not limited in any way with respect to the specific types of the primary air compressor package 2, the compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor 4 and the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor 6. For example, each of the air compressors may have a piston type, screw type, or centrifugal type configuration. And each air compressor package may include one or more air compressors. The air compressors may be connected in series, in parallel, or integrated into an air compressor package.
Meanwhile, the regenerator 10 may employ one or more of a liquid phase (methanol, propane, R123, and the like), a solid phase (metal, rock, glass, and the like), or a phase change regenerator material, and the like. The liquid or gaseous air directly or indirectly contacts with the cold accumulation medium for heat exchange. And the regenerator 10 may be provided in one or more stages. The multistage cold accumulators can be connected in series or in parallel, or combined into a corresponding combined structure.
In addition, the above-described throttling element 11 includes, but is not limited to, a low-temperature expander. The cryogenic expander may be a flooded expander or a pure liquid expander. The liquid air storage tank 13 includes, but is not limited to, a dewar or a cryogenic tank. The compressed air storage tank 14 may be a high-pressure tank.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the regenerator 10 further includes a sixth heat exchanging side H6. The precooler 3 also comprises a seventh heat exchange side H7.
Wherein, the gas phase air outlet of the liquid air storage tank 13 is connected with the inlet of the sixth heat exchanging side H6 of the cold accumulator 10. The outlet of the sixth heat exchanging side H6 is connected to the inlet of the seventh heat exchanging side H7 of the precooler 3. The outlet of the seventh heat exchanging side H7 is connected to the inlet of the liquid air storage secondary air compressor 6.
According to the embodiment described above, the gas-phase air separated by the gas-liquid separator 12 enters the cold accumulator 10 through the gas-phase air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 12 and the inlet of the sixth heat exchanging side H6, and after providing cold energy for the cold accumulator 10, the gas-phase air enters the precooler 3 through the outlet of the sixth heat exchanging side H6 and the inlet of the seventh heat exchanging side H7 to precool the air that is about to enter the molecular sieve purifying device 5, and then the air is collected into the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor 6 through the outlet of the seventh heat exchanging side H7 to be repressurized for use.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the liquid air storage unit further includes a cryopump 15. The regenerator 10 further includes an eighth heat exchanging side H8. The compression heat storage utilization device 9 further includes a ninth heat exchanging side H9.
Wherein the outlet of the liquid air storage tank 13 is connected to the inlet of the cryopump 15. The outlet of the cryopump 15 is connected to the inlet of the eighth heat exchanging side H8 of the regenerator 10. The outlet of the eighth heat exchanging side H8 is connected to the inlet of the ninth heat exchanging side H9 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9. The outlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 is connected to an expansion power generation unit.
It should be noted here that the present invention is not limited in any way to the specific structure of the cryopump 15. For example, the cryopump 15 may be of a piston or centrifugal configuration.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a compressed air discharge manifold 29 is connected to the outlet of the compressed air storage tank 14. The eighth heat exchanging side H8 of the regenerator 10 is connected to the compressed air exhaust manifold 29 through the second compressed air branch pipes 30. The third flow rate control valve 16 is mounted on the second compressed air branch pipe 30.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the expansion power generation unit includes an air turbine set 18 and a generator G.
The outlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9 is connected to the inlet of the air turbine unit 18, and the air turbine unit 18 is connected to the generator G.
For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, air turbine assembly 18 may be of a radial flow, axial flow, or radial-axial flow configuration. And air turbine set 18 may include one or more air turbines. Multiple air turbines may be connected in series, in parallel, or integrated into air turbine set 18.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air further includes an indoor cooling unit. The indoor cooling unit includes a cooling heat exchanging device 19. The cold and heat supply and heat exchange device 19 comprises a twelfth heat exchange side H12 and a thirteenth heat exchange side H13.
Wherein, the inlet of the twelfth heat exchanging side H12 of the cooling and heat exchanging device 19 is connected with the compressed air exhaust manifold 29 through the third compressed air branch pipe 31. The fourth flow control valve 17 is installed on the third compressed air branch pipe 31. The outlet of the twelfth heat exchanging side H12 of the cold and heat supplying device 19 is connected to the inlet of the ninth heat exchanging side H9 of the compression heat storage utilization device 9.
Wherein, the thirteenth heat exchanging side H13 of the cooling heat exchanging device 19 is connected with the indoor cooling air conditioner 21 to form an indoor cooling circulation loop. A cold water pump 20 as a circulation power source is installed in the indoor cooling circulation circuit.
Specifically, in the energy release process of the liquid air storage unit, the liquid air in the liquid air storage tank 13 is pressurized by the cryopump 15, enters the cold storage 10 through the inlet of the eighth heat exchanging side H8, stores cold energy into the cold storage 10, enters the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 through the inlet of the ninth heat exchanging side H9 to be preheated, enters the air turbine set 18 in the expansion power generation unit through the outlet of the ninth heat exchanging side H9 to perform expansion work through the air preheated by the compression heat storage and utilization device 9, and drives the generator G to generate power.
During the energy release of the compressed air storage unit, the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank 14 is divided into two branches, namely a second compressed air branch pipe 30 and a third compressed air branch pipe 31, after passing through the compressed air exhaust manifold 29.
Wherein the second compressed air branch pipe 30 is provided with a third flow rate control valve 16. The third flow control valve 16 can generate throttling and cooling effects on the compressed air. The cooled compressed air can enter the regenerator 10 through the second compressed air branch pipe 30 to provide cooling capacity for the high-temperature end of the regenerator 10. And then, the low-temperature compressed air is reheated by the cold accumulator 10 and flows into the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 from the outlet of the eighth heat exchange side H8 and the inlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 to be preheated, and the preheated air enters the air turbine unit 18 in the expansion power generation unit from the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 to be expanded to do work and drive the generator G to generate power.
Wherein the third compressed air branch pipe 31 is provided with a fourth flow control valve 17. The fourth flow control valve 17 can produce throttling and cooling effects on the compressed air. The cooled compressed air can flow into the cooling heat exchange device 19 from the twelfth heat exchange side H12 to provide cooling energy for the cooling heat exchange device 19. And then, the low-temperature compressed air is reheated by the cooling heat exchange device 19 and flows into the compression heat storage utilization device 9 from the outlet of the twelfth heat exchange side H12 and the inlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 to be preheated, and the preheated air enters the air turbine unit 18 in the expansion power generation unit from the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side H9 to be expanded to do work and drive the generator G to generate power. Meanwhile, the thirteenth heat exchange side H13 of the cooling and heat exchange device 19 is connected to the indoor cooling and air conditioning unit 21 to form an indoor cooling circulation loop. The circulating water can exchange heat and reduce the temperature in the cold supply and heat exchange device 19, and provide cold energy for the indoor refrigeration air conditioner 21 under the driving action of the cold water pump 20.
The third flow control valve 16 and the fourth flow control valve 17 can adjust the flow ratio into the regenerator 10 and into the cooling heat exchange device 19. The opening degree of the third flow control valve 16 and the fourth flow control valve 17 can be adjusted by the worker according to the cooling capacity balance requirement of the regenerator 10.
It should be noted here that in the starting stage, the high-pressure air in the compressed air storage tank 14 is throttled by the third flow control valve 16 or the fourth flow control valve 17, then is stabilized at a constant pressure and enters the compression heat storage utilization device 9 to absorb heat for preheating, and the preheated compressed air drives the air turbine unit 18 to do work and drives the generator G to generate electricity. Therefore, the response speed of the combined energy storage power generation system can be improved. Meanwhile, the liquid air in the liquid air storage tank 13 is pressurized by the cryopump 15 and then enters the cold accumulator 10 at a small flow rate to restore the temperature, and provides cold energy for the cold accumulator 10. After the temperature of the regenerator 10 reaches a stable working condition, the flow of the liquid air is gradually increased to a rated value. The liquid air stores the cold energy into the cold storage medium of the cold storage device 10 and is reheated, and the high-pressure air after being reheated by the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 also enters the air turbine unit 18 to do work and drive the generator G to generate electricity.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the combined energy storage power generation system of compressed air and liquid air further comprises an indoor heat supply unit. The indoor heating unit includes a heating heat exchange device 23. The compression heat storage utilization device 9 further includes a waste heat utilization heat exchange side H15. The heat supply and heat exchange device 23 comprises a tenth heat exchange side H10 and an eleventh heat exchange side H11.
The tenth heat exchanging side H10 of the heat supply and heat exchange device 23 is connected with the waste heat utilizing and heat exchanging side H15 of the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 to form a heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop. A heat supply fan 22 serving as a circulating power source is installed on the heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop.
Wherein, the eleventh heat exchanging side H11 of the heat supplying and heat exchanging device 23 is connected with the indoor heating air conditioner 25 to form an indoor heat supplying circulation loop. A hot water pump 24 is installed on the indoor heating circulation loop as a circulation power source.
It should be noted here that the above-mentioned cooling heat exchange device 19 and heating heat exchange device 23 may be one or a combination of several of a shell-and-tube structure, a plate-fin structure, a wound-tube structure, and the like.
In the indoor heat supply process, the tenth heat exchange side H10 of the heat supply and heat exchange device 23 is connected with the waste heat utilization heat exchange side H15 of the compression heat storage and utilization device 9 to form a heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop. Therefore, under the driving of the heating fan 22, the residual heat in the compression heat storage utilization device 9 can provide heat for the heating heat exchange device 23. The eleventh heat exchanging side H11 of the heating heat exchanging device 23 is connected to the indoor heating air conditioner 25 to form an indoor heating circulation loop. Under the driving action of the hot water pump 24, heat can be supplied to the indoor heating air conditioner 25.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the cold heat supply and heat exchange device 19 further comprises a fourteenth heat exchange side H14.
Wherein, the exhaust port of the air turbine unit 18 is connected with the inlet of the fourteenth heat exchanging side H14 of the cooling heat exchanging device 19. The outlet of the fourteenth heat exchanging side H14 is communicated with the indoor fresh air exchanging channel 32.
Through the structural arrangement, the exhaust gas of the air turbine unit 18 enters the cooling heat exchange device 19 through the inlet of the fourteenth heat exchange side H14, and can be discharged to the room through the indoor fresh air exchange channel 32 after being heated to the normal temperature by the cooling heat exchange device 19, so as to provide fresh air for the room.
According to the above-described embodiments, it is possible to operate the compressed air energy storage unit at full load during the start-up phase, thereby achieving a fast response of the system. The liquid air energy storage unit gradually reaches a stable operation stage, the power generation power of the liquid air energy storage unit is gradually increased to a rated working condition, and finally the liquid air energy storage unit becomes a main energy storage power generation part.
By adjusting the first flow control valve 8 and the second flow control valve 7, the gas flow entering the liquid air energy storage unit and the compressed air energy storage unit can be flexibly changed, and the power generation power of the liquid air energy storage unit and the compressed air energy storage unit is further changed.
The compressed air energy storage unit and the liquid air energy storage unit share the first-stage air compressor unit 2, the compressed heat storage and utilization device 9, the expansion power generation unit and the like, so that the investment cost of equipment and facilities can be greatly reduced.
The compressed air discharged from the compressed air storage tank 14 may be throttled by the third flow control valve 16 to provide cooling energy to the cold accumulator 10, or throttled by the fourth flow control valve 17 to provide cooling energy to the cooling and heat exchanging device 19.
The combined energy storage power generation system can also supply cold for the indoor refrigeration air conditioner 21, supply heat for the indoor heating air conditioner 25 and exchange fresh air for the indoor. From this, this joint energy storage power generation system can realize cooling, heat supply, confession new trend and power supply simultaneously.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air is characterized by comprising: a primary air compressor set (2), a compression heat storage and utilization device (9), a compressed air storage unit, a liquid air storage unit and an expansion power generation unit,
wherein the outlet of the primary air compressor unit (2) is connected with the compression heat storage and utilization device (9) to store the heat of the compressed air into the compression heat storage and utilization device (9), the compression heat storage and utilization device (9) is connected with the compressed air storage unit to store the compressed air, the compression heat storage and utilization device (9) is connected with the liquid air storage unit to store the liquid air, the compressed air storage unit and the liquid air storage unit are both connected with the expansion power generation unit to realize the combined power generation of the compressed air and the liquid air,
the compressed air storage unit comprises a compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor (4) and a compressed air storage tank (14), the compressed heat storage utilization device (9) comprises a first heat exchange side (H1) and a second heat exchange side (H2),
the outlet of the primary air compressor unit (2) is connected with the inlet of a first heat exchange side (H1) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9), the outlet of the first heat exchange side (H1) is connected with a compressed air conveying main pipe (26), the inlet of a compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor (4) is connected with the compressed air conveying main pipe (26) through a first compressed air branch pipe (27), a first flow control valve (8) is installed on the first compressed air branch pipe (27), the outlet of the compressed air energy storage secondary air compressor (4) is connected with the inlet of a second heat exchange side (H2) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9), and the outlet of the second heat exchange side (H2) is connected with the inlet of the compressed air storage tank (14).
2. The combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 1, wherein the liquid air storage unit comprises a precooler (3), a molecular sieve purification device (5), a liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor (6), a cold accumulator (10), a throttling element (11), a gas-liquid separator (12) and a liquid air storage tank (13), the compression heat storage utilization device (9) further comprises a third heat exchange side (H3), the precooler (3) comprises a fourth heat exchange side (H4), and the cold accumulator (10) comprises a fifth heat exchange side (H5),
wherein the inlet of the fourth heat exchange side (H4) of the precooler (3) is connected with the compressed air conveying main pipe (26) through a liquid air branch pipe (28), a second flow control valve (7) is installed on the liquid air branch pipe (28), the outlet of the fourth heat exchange side (H4) of the precooler (3) is connected with the inlet of the molecular sieve purifying device (5), the outlet of the molecular sieve purifying device (5) is connected with the inlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor (6), the outlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor (6) is connected with the inlet of the third heat exchange side (H3) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9), the outlet of the third heat exchange side (H3) is connected with the inlet of the fifth heat exchange side (H5) of the cold accumulator (10), and the outlet of the fifth heat exchange side (H5) is connected with the inlet of the throttling element (11), the outlet of the throttling element (11) is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (12), and the liquid air outlet of the gas-liquid separator (12) is connected with the inlet of the liquid air storage tank (13).
3. Combined energy-storage and power-generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 2, characterized in that the cold accumulator (10) further comprises a sixth heat-exchanging side (H6), the precooler (3) further comprises a seventh heat-exchanging side (H7),
the gas-phase air outlet of the liquid air storage tank (13) is connected with the inlet of a sixth heat exchange side (H6) of the cold accumulator (10), the outlet of the sixth heat exchange side (H6) is connected with the inlet of a seventh heat exchange side (H7) of the precooler (3), and the outlet of the seventh heat exchange side (H7) is connected with the inlet of the liquid air energy storage secondary air compressor (6).
4. A combined energy storage and power generation system according to claim 2, characterised in that the liquid air storage unit further comprises a cryogenic pump (15), the cold accumulator (10) further comprises an eighth heat exchanging side (H8), the compressed heat storage utilisation device (9) further comprises a ninth heat exchanging side (H9),
the outlet of the liquid air storage tank (13) is connected with the inlet of the cryogenic pump (15), the outlet of the cryogenic pump (15) is connected with the inlet of an eighth heat exchange side (H8) of the cold accumulator (10), the outlet of the eighth heat exchange side (H8) is connected with the inlet of a ninth heat exchange side (H9) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9), and the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side (H9) is connected with the expansion power generation unit.
5. The combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 4, characterized in that a compressed air exhaust manifold (29) is connected to an outlet of the compressed air storage tank (14), an eighth heat exchange side (H8) of the cold accumulator (10) is connected with the compressed air exhaust manifold (29) through a second compressed air branch pipe (30), and a third flow control valve (16) is installed on the second compressed air branch pipe (30).
6. Combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 5, characterized in that said expansion and power generation unit comprises an air turbine set (18) and a generator (G),
wherein the outlet of the ninth heat exchange side (H9) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9) is connected to the air inlet of the air turbine unit (18), and the air turbine unit (18) is connected to the generator (G).
7. The combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising an indoor heat supply unit, wherein the indoor heat supply unit comprises a heat supply and heat exchange device (23), the compressed heat storage and utilization device (9) further comprises a waste heat utilization and heat exchange side (H15), the heat supply and heat exchange device (23) comprises a tenth heat exchange side (H10) and an eleventh heat exchange side (H11),
wherein a tenth heat exchange side (H10) of the heat supply and heat exchange device (23) is connected with a waste heat utilization and heat exchange side (H15) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9) to form a heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop, a heat supply fan (22) serving as a circulation power source is installed on the heat supply and heat exchange circulation loop,
and an eleventh heat exchange side (H11) of the heat supply and heat exchange device (23) is connected with an indoor heating air conditioner (25) to form an indoor heat supply circulation loop, and a hot water pump (24) serving as a circulation power source is installed on the indoor heat supply circulation loop.
8. The combined energy storage and power generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises an indoor cooling unit, said indoor cooling unit comprises a cooling and heat exchange device (19), said cooling and heat exchange device (19) comprises a twelfth heat exchange side (H12) and a thirteenth heat exchange side (H13),
wherein the inlet of the twelfth heat exchange side (H12) of the cold supply heat exchange device (19) is connected with the compressed air exhaust manifold (29) through a third compressed air branch pipe (31), a fourth flow control valve (17) is installed on the third compressed air branch pipe (31), the outlet of the twelfth heat exchange side (H12) of the cold supply heat exchange device (19) is connected with the inlet of the ninth heat exchange side (H9) of the compression heat storage utilization device (9),
and a thirteenth heat exchange side (H13) of the cold supply and heat exchange device (19) is connected with an indoor refrigeration air conditioner (21) to form an indoor cold supply circulation loop, and a cold water pump (20) serving as a circulation power source is installed on the indoor cold supply circulation loop.
9. Combined energy storage and power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that said cold supply and heat exchange means (19) further comprise a fourteenth heat exchange side (H14),
the exhaust port of the air turbine unit (18) is connected with the inlet of a fourteenth heat exchange side (H14) of the cooling and heat exchange device (19), and the outlet of the fourteenth heat exchange side (H14) is communicated with the indoor fresh air exchange channel (32).
10. The combined energy-storage and power-generation system of compressed air and liquid air according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an electric motor (M) and an air filter (1), wherein the electric motor (M) is connected with the primary air compressor unit (2) to drive the primary air compressor unit (2) to work, and an outlet of the air filter (1) is connected with an inlet of the primary air compressor unit (2).
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Effective date of registration: 20230724 Address after: Building 2, No. 18 Lishi Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010 Patentee after: Zhonglv Zhongke energy storage Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 East Zhongguancun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190 Patentee before: TECHNICAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |