CN210954344U - Information processing subsystem and circuit of laser four-quadrant detector - Google Patents
Information processing subsystem and circuit of laser four-quadrant detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN210954344U CN210954344U CN201921473805.2U CN201921473805U CN210954344U CN 210954344 U CN210954344 U CN 210954344U CN 201921473805 U CN201921473805 U CN 201921473805U CN 210954344 U CN210954344 U CN 210954344U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit relates to laser four-quadrant photoelectric detector information processing and has solved the problem that laser four-quadrant detector information processing system performance remains to improve. The utility model discloses a laser four-quadrant detector, signal preprocessing circuit, signal acquisition module and signal processing module, wherein, one-level preamplifier and second grade preamplifier are used for enlargiing the photocurrent signal of laser four-quadrant detector output, output voltage signal. The main amplifier is used for further amplifying the signals output by the primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier. The two-stage attenuators distributed in front of and behind the buffer amplifier are used for adjusting the gain of the analog signal amplifier under the control of the SoC chip, and the buffer amplifier is mainly used for driving the second-stage attenuator. The utility model has the advantages of the system performance is good, light signal and signal of telecommunication will receive the interference for a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a laser four-quadrant detector circuit, concretely relates to laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit.
Background
The four-quadrant photoelectric detector is a photoelectric detector device formed by arranging four photodiodes with completely same performance according to the rectangular coordinate requirement, and is commonly used for laser guidance or laser collimation. At present, most of the multi-element non-imaging photodetectors widely used in the photodetection system are four-quadrant photodetection devices (hereinafter referred to as four-quadrant). It includes silicon photocells of various specifications and four-quadrant photodiodes of different types, such as four-quadrant PIN photodiodes, four-quadrant avalanche photodiodes, etc.
The core of the semi-active laser guided weapon simulation system is a guide head, and the performance of the guide head directly influences the accuracy of the laser guided weapon in tracking the target position. The guiding head is used for searching, capturing and tracking a target, laser signals diffusely reflected by the laser target simulator are gathered to the laser four-quadrant detector through the optical system, and are collected through the signal preprocessing circuit and the signal, so that azimuth information of the target is obtained.
The technical scheme designs the information processing subsystem and the circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector, so that the performance of the system is improved, and the azimuth information of the target is more accurate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: the laser four-quadrant detector information processing system performance remains to be improved, the utility model provides a solve the laser four-quadrant detector information processing branch system and circuit of above-mentioned problem.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
the laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit comprise a laser four-quadrant detector, a signal preprocessing circuit, a signal acquisition module and a signal processing module;
the signal preprocessing circuit comprises four channels led out from four cathodes of a laser four-quadrant detector, and each channel comprises a primary preamplifier, a secondary preamplifier, a main amplifier, a first-stage attenuator, a buffer amplifier, a second-stage attenuator and a variable gain amplifier which are sequentially connected;
the signal acquisition module comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter;
the signal processing module comprises an SoC chip;
the variable gain amplifier is connected with an analog-to-digital converter, the first-stage preamplifier, the second-stage preamplifier, the main amplifier, the first-stage attenuator and the second-stage attenuator are connected with an SoC chip, the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the SoC chip, the SoC chip is connected with the digital-to-analog converter, the digital-to-analog converter is connected with one end of a DC-DC converter, and the other end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the anode of the laser four-quadrant detector.
The design principle is as follows: the primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier are mainly used for amplifying photocurrent signals output by the laser four-quadrant detector and outputting voltage signals. The main amplifier is used for further amplifying the signals output by the primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier. The two-stage attenuators distributed in front of and behind the buffer amplifier are used for adjusting the gain of the analog signal amplifier under the control of the SoC chip, and the buffer amplifier is mainly used for driving the second-stage attenuator. The variable gain amplifier is used for carrying out variable gain amplification on the signal, and the gain of the amplifier is controlled by the control voltage of the SoC chip. The SoC chip sends a DC-DC output voltage control parameter to the digital-to-analog converter, and the DC-DC output voltage control parameter is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog converter and is used for controlling the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be 0V-250V; the DC-DC is a DC-DC converter for providing bias voltage for the laser four-quadrant detector. The analog-to-digital converter completes high-speed sampling of four paths of signals, converts analog voltage signals output by the four channels into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the SoC chip for processing, and the type of the SoC chip is XC7Z 020.
Furthermore, the laser four-quadrant detector receives laser incidence and converts a photoelectric signal into photocurrent, the analog signal amplifying part is divided into four channels, each channel is responsible for amplifying the output signal of the photodiode of one quadrant, and the amplification of the output signal comprises a primary preamplifier, a secondary preamplifier, a main amplifier, a first-stage attenuator, a second-stage attenuator, a buffer amplifier and a primary variable gain amplifier.
Further, the four channels share 1 analog-to-digital converter, 1 digital-to-analog converter, 1 SoC chip and an RS-422 transceiver for external communication.
Furthermore, the primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier are used for amplifying photocurrent signals output by the laser four-quadrant detector and outputting voltage signals, the main amplifier is used for further amplifying signals output by the preamplifiers, the first-stage attenuator and the second-stage attenuator distributed in front of and behind the buffer amplifier are used for adjusting the gain of the analog signal amplifier, the buffer amplifier is mainly used for driving the second-stage attenuator, and the variable gain amplifier is used for performing variable gain amplification on the signals.
Further, the SoC chip sends a path of output voltage of the DC-DC converter to the digital-to-analog converter, and the output voltage is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog converter so that the DC-DC converter outputs 0V to-250V voltage; the DC-DC converter is a DC-DC converter, outputs 0V to-250V voltage and is used for providing bias voltage for the laser four-quadrant detector.
Further, the analog-to-digital converter completes high-speed sampling of signals in the four channels, converts analog voltage signals output by the four channels into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the SoC chip for processing.
The utility model discloses have following advantage and beneficial effect:
1. the utility model discloses laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit have improved the precision that the target position was tracked to the laser four-quadrant detector.
2. The utility model discloses laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit adopt laser four-quadrant detector, signal preprocessing circuit, signal acquisition module and signal processing module to obtain the accurate position information of target.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a system composition block diagram of the information processing subsystem and circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a working principle block diagram of the signal preprocessing circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pre-amplifier circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a frequency response curve diagram of the preamplifier of the laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main amplifying circuit of the information processing subsystem and the circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the information processing subsystem and circuit of the laser four-quadrant detector comprises a laser four-quadrant detector, a signal preprocessing circuit, a signal acquisition module and a signal processing module;
the signal preprocessing circuit comprises four channels led out from four cathodes of a laser four-quadrant detector, and each channel comprises a primary preamplifier, a secondary preamplifier, a main amplifier, a first-stage attenuator, a buffer amplifier, a second-stage attenuator and a variable gain amplifier which are sequentially connected;
the signal acquisition module comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter;
the signal processing module comprises an SoC chip;
the variable gain amplifier is connected with an analog-to-digital converter, the first-stage preamplifier, the second-stage preamplifier, the main amplifier, the first-stage attenuator and the second-stage attenuator are connected with an SoC chip, the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the SoC chip, the SoC chip is connected with the digital-to-analog converter, the digital-to-analog converter is connected with one end of a DC-DC converter, and the other end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the anode of the laser four-quadrant detector.
The laser four-quadrant detector, the signal acquisition module and the components in the signal processing module in the technical scheme are mature prior art, the processing mode is also prior art, the internal structure of the specific processing mode is not repeated in the embodiment, the improvement of the embodiment is mainly that the laser four-quadrant detector, the signal preprocessing circuit, the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module are connected to be matched to obtain accurate azimuth information of a target, and in the signal preprocessing circuit, the preposed amplification circuit converts a received optical signal into an electric signal, amplifies the electric signal and then is in butt joint with a rear signal processing system. The pre-amplification circuit plays a decisive role in the whole photoelectric detection system and directly determines the performance of the whole system. In the preamplification circuit, optical signals and electric signals are interfered by a lot of noises, and because the received optical signals and the converted electric signals are usually weak and are easily submerged in various noises, when the preamplification circuit is designed, the noises are reduced as much as possible, and simultaneously the contradiction between high signal-to-noise ratio and frequency characteristics is balanced.
The primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier are mainly used for amplifying photocurrent signals output by the laser four-quadrant detector and outputting voltage signals. The main amplifier is used for further amplifying the signals output by the primary preamplifier and the secondary preamplifier. The two-stage attenuators distributed in front of and behind the buffer amplifier are used for adjusting the gain of the analog signal amplifier under the control of the SoC chip, and the buffer amplifier is mainly used for driving the second-stage attenuator. The variable gain amplifier is used for carrying out variable gain amplification on the signal, and the gain of the amplifier is controlled by the control voltage of the SoC chip. The SoC chip sends a DC-DC output voltage control parameter to the digital-to-analog converter, and the DC-DC output voltage control parameter is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog converter and used for controlling the output voltage of the DC-DC converter; the DC-DC is a DC-DC converter for providing bias voltage for the laser four-quadrant detector. The analog-to-digital converter completes high-speed sampling of the four paths of signals, converts analog voltage signals output by the four channels into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the SoC chip for processing.
Laser four-quadrant detector design
The laser four-quadrant detector is a phi 10P type laser four-quadrant detector. The device is a P-type Si laser four-quadrant detector, when the radiation fluxes radiated to the quadrants are equal, the output photocurrents of the quadrants are equal, and when a target shifts, the output photocurrents of the quadrants are changed, so that the direction of an object can be measured, and the tracking and guidance functions are realized. The spectrum detection range is from 450nm to 1100nm, and the response to wave bands of about 1064nm is high.
Laser four-quadrant detector working voltage design
The laser four-quadrant detector is designed as a common anode, and a negative power supply is required to be connected to the anode during working, and the working voltage is 135V. In the design, a DC-DC converter is adopted to provide the working voltage for the detector.
Signal preprocessing circuit design
In the photoelectric detection system, the main factors influencing the detection accuracy are the quality of the detector and the performance of the signal preprocessing circuit. Under the condition of selecting the photoelectric detector, the reasonable design of the signal preprocessing circuit is beneficial to improving the detection precision and the detection speed of the photoelectric detection system.
In the system, a laser four-quadrant detector receives laser incidence and converts a photoelectric signal into photocurrent, an analog signal amplifying part is divided into four channels, each channel is responsible for amplifying an output signal of a quadrant photodiode, and the amplification of the output signal comprises a primary preamplifier, a secondary preamplifier, a main amplifier, a first-stage attenuator, a second-stage attenuator, a buffer amplifier and a primary variable gain amplifier. Reference is made to fig. 2 for a block diagram of the working principle.
Pre-amplifier circuit
Referring to fig. 3, the specific model of the preamplifier is LTC6268-10, a positive input terminal of the preamplifier (LTC6268-10) is grounded, an inverting input terminal is sequentially connected to a resistor with a resistance of 20K Ω and an output terminal, the resistor with the resistance of 20K Ω is connected in parallel with a capacitor, a common terminal of the inverting input terminal and the resistor with the resistance of 20K Ω is connected to a diode PD and then connected to a voltage of 2.5V, and two power supply terminals are respectively connected to a voltage of 2.5V and a voltage of-2.5V. The preamplifier input reference voltage noise and current noise are respectively only 4.0nV/√ Hz (@1MHz) and 5.5fA/√ Hz (@100KHz), the product of very low input capacitance 0.45pF, 3fA bias current and 4GHz gain bandwidth is selected as the feedback resistance, the output voltage Vout ═ PD × 20K, and therefore the amplification factor of the preamplifier circuit is 20000 times. The preamplifier has a constant gain-bandwidth product, with a 20K omega gain corresponding to a bandwidth of about 210MHz, and a corresponding frequency response curve as shown in fig. 4.
Main amplifier circuit module design
In the photoelectric detector circuit, the gain provided by the signal preamplifier is not enough to enable the signal to reach the amplitude for discrimination, a subsequent voltage amplifier circuit is required to provide enough gain, and meanwhile, the main amplifier circuit also plays a role of impedance matching with the subsequent circuit.
In the design, a main amplifier circuit adopts an in-phase amplification circuit mode, the type of the main amplifier is LTC6268-10, the design circuit is shown in figure 5, a positive input end of the main amplifier receives signals, an inverted input end is connected with a resistor Rg and then grounded, a resistor Rf is connected between the inverted input end and the resistor Rg and then connected with an output end, the resistor Rf is connected with a capacitor Cf in parallel, and two power supplies are respectively connected with +2.5V voltage and-2.5V voltage. According to the judgment basis of the 'virtual short' and the 'virtual break', the output of the secondary amplifying circuit is Aout ═ (1+ Rf/Rg) × A, in the design, R1 ═ Rg ═ 1K Ω, and Rf ═ 200K Ω, and then the secondary amplification factor is about 201 times.
Therefore, the amplification factor of the preamplifier circuit and the main amplifier circuit is 20000 × 201-4020000 >4 × 106, which already meets the requirement of the maximum gain of the system.
Attenuating circuit module design
The design adopts an attenuation circuit module which is mainly used for adjusting the gain of an analog signal amplification link so as to ensure that the gain dynamic range of the system amplification link is larger than or equal to the index of 140 dB.
The specific model of the numerical control attenuator is HMC 629A. The bandwidth of the digital control attenuator supports DC-10 GHz, 4-bit is adopted for attenuation control, the step is 3dB, and the maximum attenuation range supports 45 dB.
Variable gain amplifier circuit module design
The variable gain amplifier is used for carrying out variable gain amplification on signals, and selects a low-power-consumption and low-noise dual-channel amplifier with digital control gain according to the requirements of bandwidth and gain, wherein the model is LMH6517, the frequency range can be supported to 1200MHz at most, and the maximum voltage gain can reach 22dB under the condition that f is 200 MHz.
Signal preprocessing circuit parameter implementation
For the requirement of the maximum gain of the system, the amplification factor of the pre-amplifier circuit and the amplification factor of the main amplifier circuit are more than 4 × 106, and the design requirement is met.
For the requirement of amplifying the dynamic range of the link gain, the three-stage attenuator is added with variable gain amplification, so that the dynamic state of 45 × 3+22 being 157dB can be ensured, and the design requirement is met.
Signal acquisition module design
The analog-to-digital converter model is ADS58H 40. This is a highly linear, four channel 11/14 bit, 250Msps analog-to-digital converter.
The model of the digital-to-analog converter is AD5310R, which is a voltage output type digital-to-analog converter, the output mode is that Gain is 1, the output range is 0-Vref (Vref is 2.5V), the output rear end is added with the rear-stage amplification of Gain 2, the output driving capability is enhanced, and the voltage range is 0-5V.
The power input is +5V, wherein the analog-to-digital converter module needs +3.3VA, +1.9VA and +1.8VD three kinds of power supplies, and the digital-to-analog converter module needs +5VA and +1.8 VD.
Interface design
In the design, a signal acquisition module needs to be in butt joint with a signal preprocessing circuit and a signal processing module.
The interface with the signal preprocessing circuit mainly comprises four-channel analog signal input, a control interface for numerical control attenuation and gain and feed, an SFMC series connector and an FTSH series connector are adopted for being oppositely inserted, and the butt joint height is about 8 mm.
The interface with the signal processing module mainly comprises a clock, a data line and a configuration line of a four-channel analog-to-digital converter, a PLL configuration line, a digital-to-analog converter configuration line and a power supply, the total pin number exceeds 80 pins, 0.8mm ultrahigh-density open type connectors of an SEAF8 series and an SEAM8 series are selected, the models are SEAF8-20-05.0-S-08-2-K and SEAM8-20-S02.0-S-08-2-K respectively, the pin number is 20 × 8-160, the butt joint height is 7mm, and the floor area is 23mm × 11 mm.
SoC chip module design
The model of the SoC chip in the scheme is XC7Z 020.
The interfaces of the SoC chip in the design comprise a four-channel analog-to-digital converter, a one-channel digital-to-analog converter, an attenuator numerical control interface, a VGA numerical control interface, an RS422 interface and an SPI interface and are used for transmitting data.
The main design points
The pre-amplification circuit converts the received optical signal into an electric signal, amplifies the electric signal and then is in butt joint with a subsequent signal processing system. The pre-amplification circuit plays a decisive role in the whole photoelectric detection system and directly determines the performance of the whole system. In the preamplification circuit, optical signals and electric signals are interfered by a lot of noises, and because the received optical signals and the converted electric signals are usually weak and are easily submerged in various noises, the noise is reduced as much as possible when the preamplification circuit is used, and meanwhile, the contradiction between high signal-to-noise ratio and frequency characteristics is balanced.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The system comprises a laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and a laser four-quadrant detector information processing circuit, and is characterized by comprising a laser four-quadrant detector, a signal preprocessing circuit, a signal acquisition module and a signal processing module;
the signal preprocessing circuit comprises four channels led out from four cathodes of a laser four-quadrant detector, and each channel comprises a primary preamplifier, a secondary preamplifier, a main amplifier, a first-stage attenuator, a buffer amplifier, a second-stage attenuator and a variable gain amplifier which are sequentially connected;
the signal acquisition module comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter;
the signal processing module comprises an SoC chip;
the variable gain amplifier is connected with an analog-to-digital converter, the first-stage preamplifier, the second-stage preamplifier, the main amplifier, the first-stage attenuator and the second-stage attenuator are connected with an SoC chip, the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the SoC chip, the SoC chip is connected with the digital-to-analog converter, the digital-to-analog converter is connected with one end of a DC-DC converter, and the other end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the anode of the laser four-quadrant detector.
2. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein the laser four-quadrant detector receives laser incident light, converts photoelectric signal into photocurrent, and outputs the photocurrent to the signal preprocessing circuit for analog signal amplification; the signal preprocessing circuit has four channels, and each channel amplifies the photodiode output signal of one quadrant.
3. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein said four channels share an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, an SoC chip and a transceiver for external communication.
4. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein the first and second preamplifiers are used to amplify the photocurrent signal outputted from the laser four-quadrant detector to output a voltage signal, the main amplifier is used to further amplify the signal outputted from the preamplifiers, the first and second attenuators before and after the buffer amplifier are used to adjust the gain of the analog signal amplifier, the buffer amplifier is used to drive the second attenuator, and the variable gain amplifier is used to perform variable gain amplification on the signal.
5. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein the SoC chip sends a DC-DC converter output voltage to the digital-to-analog converter, and the DC-DC converter output voltage is converted into an analog signal by the digital-to-analog converter, so as to provide a bias voltage for the laser four-quadrant detector.
6. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein the analog-to-digital converter performs high-speed sampling of signals in four channels, converts analog voltage signals output by the four channels into digital signals, and sends the digital signals to the SoC chip for processing.
7. The information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, further comprising a power supply for supplying power to said laser four-quadrant detector, said signal preprocessing circuit, said signal acquisition module and said signal processing module.
8. The laser four-quadrant detector information processing subsystem and circuit of claim 1, wherein said primary preamplifier and secondary preamplifier comprise a preamplifier circuit.
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| CN113985058A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 南京宁禄科技有限公司 | Ship navigational speed measuring instrument based on four-quadrant water pressure acquisition |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113985058A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 南京宁禄科技有限公司 | Ship navigational speed measuring instrument based on four-quadrant water pressure acquisition |
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