CN210932276U

CN210932276U - Shovel stretcher with adjustable backrest

Info

Publication number: CN210932276U
Application number: CN201921331807.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-16
Filing date: 2019-08-16
Publication date: 2020-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of first aid and medical equipment, in particular to a shovel stretcher with adjustable backrest, which comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are respectively connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet in a corresponding and detachable way through a clutch device A; the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly, a middle shovel plate assembly and a lower shovel plate assembly; the lower shovel plate assembly is provided with a supporting rod and a limiting adjusting device, the supporting rod is inserted into one end of the middle shovel plate assembly, and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device; a ratchet wheel buckling device used for connecting and changing the included angle between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component is arranged between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component; the shovel plate assembly comprises a pair of middle shovel plate assemblies, and is characterized by further comprising a U-shaped lifting arm, wherein one ends of the middle shovel plate assemblies, which are far away from the lower shovel plate assemblies, are respectively and horizontally and fixedly connected with two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm, and a clutch device B is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped lifting arm. The utility model discloses adjustable patient upper half clinostatism angle, and stable in structure is reliable.

Description

Shovel stretcher with adjustable backrest

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an emergency treatment and medical equipment field, concretely relates to adjustable back shovel stretcher.

Background

First, the structural characteristics, the application method and the limitation of the shovel stretcher

The stretcher is an important tool for moving and transporting patients in medical work. When the patient is suddenly injured or the condition of the patient is aggravated, the patient cannot move the body of the patient or the position of the patient is not suitable to be changed, the patient needs to be transported by a stretcher for pre-hospital first aid. The stretcher for pre-hospital emergency treatment moves the patient and closes the life of the patient, and has the characteristics of time pressure, labor consumption, high specialty and high technical performance.

Structural and functional characteristics of shovel stretcher

At present, shovel stretchers are commonly used in medical treatment and first aid. Compared with other stretchers, the shovel stretcher has the advantages that in the process of moving the patient, the movement and the change of the body position of the patient can be reduced to the greatest extent, the active energy consumption of the patient is reduced to the greatest extent, and the patient is prevented from aggravating the injury and the illness due to the movement or the change of the body position.

The shovel stretcher is structurally characterized in that the ① shovel stretcher is composed of a left U-shaped stretcher sheet and a right U-shaped stretcher sheet which are symmetrical, both ends of the ② U-shaped stretcher sheet are provided with clutch devices, the left U-shaped stretcher sheet and the right U-shaped stretcher sheet which are separated can be simply and rapidly formed into a complete stretcher, or the complete stretcher is separated into a left part and a right part, the ③ shovel stretcher is provided with a limit adjusting device for adjusting the length of a telescopic rod in a grading mode to adapt to different heights of patients, a folding device at the tail end of the telescopic supporting rod can fold the supporting rod and the surface of the stretcher bed, the occupied space can be reduced when the stretcher is not used, the stretcher is convenient to carry, and the ④ shovel stretcher is simple in.

It should be noted that all the prior shovel stretchers produced by different manufacturers have a very important common characteristic, when the shovel stretcher is unfolded for use, the complete bed surface formed by the two U-shaped stretcher sheets is of a fixed flat plate structure, and the body of a patient on the shovel stretcher can only be in a horizontal supine position, namely a horizontal position, but cannot be in a semi-horizontal position. In the pre-hospital emergency transfer, if the patient needs to take a semi-lying position due to injury or illness, the patient can be in the similar semi-lying position to a certain extent and the injury and illness can be relieved only by filling clothes on the head, shoulders and back of the patient.

Method, procedure and limitation for pre-hospital rescue using shovel stretcher to move patient

The patient is moved by using the shovel stretcher, firstly, the patient is shoveled on the shovel stretcher, then the shovel stretcher is lifted for transferring the patient, after the patient arrives at the destination, the shovel stretcher and the patient thereon are placed on various sickbeds, and then the patient is pulled out of the shovel stretcher, so that the body of the patient is directly laid on the sickbed.

From the above, the basic method and process of using a shovel stretcher are divided into two steps, namely, a "shovel-on shovel stretcher" and a "draw-off shovel stretcher".

The specific operation method is that ① ' shovel stretcher ' firstly takes the patient's body to lie flat, raises the left side of the patient's body slightly, puts the left U-shaped stretcher piece under the left side of the patient, puts the right U-shaped stretcher piece under the right side of the patient's body similarly, thus makes the patient's body in flat position completely put on the complete and flat plate structure shovel stretcher, then locks the clutch device at the two ends of the two U-shaped stretcher pieces, thus can use the shovel stretcher to lift and move the patient, ② ' draw-off shovel stretcher ' puts the shovel stretcher and the patient on it on the sickbed, and can directly separate and draw out the left and right U-shaped stretcher pieces from the lower side of the patient's body in flat position, thus the patient lies flat on the sickbed directly.

From the above-mentioned concrete operation of using shovel stretcher to carry out the first aid in hospital and transport, current shovel stretcher limitation is, patient's position must be in the position of lying down all the time.

Application of shovel stretcher in pre-hospital emergency transfer of patient

The pre-hospital emergency transfer refers to the emergency transfer of a patient from an illness scene to a rescue bed of a hospital emergency department

Use of shovel stretcher in pre-hospital emergency transfer patient and connection of four-wheel stretcher

The pre-hospital emergency transfer is limited to the disease site conditions and road reasons, a patient lying on a bed is firstly shoveled on a shovel stretcher, the patient is lifted and carried to a four-wheel stretcher vehicle for connection, the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient thereon are pushed in a short distance, then the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient are pushed into an ambulance, the ambulance transports the patient to the gate of an emergency department of a hospital, the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient are pushed off the ambulance to the side of a rescue bed of the emergency department, the patient is lifted and carried by the shovel stretcher, placed on the rescue bed of the emergency department, and finally the patient is directly leveled on the rescue bed by pulling out the shovel stretcher.

From the perspective of the body position of a patient, the four-wheel stretcher vehicle can be divided into two types, namely, the whole bed surface of the four-wheel stretcher vehicle is of a fixed flat plate type structure, and the patient can be transported only in a horizontal position; the other is that the upper half body bed surface can be lifted in a grading way, and the patient can keep the semi-lying position at different angles in transit, and the latter is more.

(II) for patients in horizontal position, using shovel stretcher and four-wheel stretcher vehicle to carry out pre-hospital first aid transfer

The first step of 'shoveling shovel stretcher': the patient is put in a horizontal position on site, and then the patient is shoveled on a shovel stretcher;

the second step "four-wheel stretcher cart push, ambulance transport": the patient in the horizontal position on the shovel stretcher is moved to a four-wheel stretcher vehicle, the shovel stretcher vehicle is withdrawn or not withdrawn, and the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient thereon are pushed to an ambulance for transportation;

the third step "four-wheel stretcher pushes, shovel stretcher carries the patient to the rescue bed, takes out the shovel stretcher": after the ambulance transports the patient to the gate of the emergency department of the hospital, the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient thereon are pushed to the side of the rescue bed, the patient on the four-wheel stretcher vehicle is shoveled on a shovel stretcher by the shovel stretcher and is carried to the rescue bed, and then the patient is directly laid on the rescue bed by pulling out the shovel stretcher.

It can be seen from the above three steps that for the patient in the horizontal position, the flat plate type shovel stretcher plays a great role in the whole pre-hospital transportation, the shovel stretcher can not only quickly lift and move the patient, but also smoothly connect with the four-wheel stretcher, meanwhile, the self energy consumption action of the patient is reduced, the body movement of the patient is avoided, and the whole pre-hospital transportation can be completed by only two adults at least.

(III) for patients needing semi-clinostatism, the problems of pre-hospital first-aid transfer by using a shovel stretcher and a four-wheel stretcher

However, in the case of a patient who requires a semi-reclining position, when the patient is transferred by emergency using a flat-type shovel stretcher or a four-wheeled stretcher, the operation is very complicated and the condition may be aggravated in the three steps. From the point of view of the change in posture, the patient must actively or passively undergo a transition between the semi-recumbent and the recumbent positions 3-4 times.

The bed surface of the four-wheel stretcher is divided into two types, which are respectively described as follows:

A. the four-wheel stretcher capable of lifting the upper half bed surface is transported: the patient at the disease scene is placed in a horizontal position (1 st time), a shovel stretcher is shoveled and moved to a four-wheel stretcher vehicle, the shovel stretcher is pulled out, the patient is in a semi-horizontal position (2 nd time), the four-wheel stretcher vehicle is pushed to enter an ambulance, the patient is transported to the gate of a hospital emergency department, and the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient are pushed to the side of a rescue bed; the patient is made to lie down (3 rd time), then the patient is shoveled on the shovel stretcher and moved to the rescue bed, then the patient is made to lie down on the rescue bed by pulling out the shovel stretcher, and finally the patient is made to be in a semi-lying position (4 th time change).

B. The four-wheel stretcher that can not raise the upper half bed surface transports: the patient in the disease scene is placed in a horizontal position (1 st time), a shovel stretcher is shoveled and moved to a four-wheel stretcher vehicle, and clothes or quilts can be padded on the head and the back of the patient only whether the shovel stretcher is pulled out or not, so that the upper body of the patient is lifted as much as possible; the four-wheel stretcher vehicle is pushed to enter an ambulance, a patient is transported to the door of an emergency department of a hospital, and the four-wheel stretcher vehicle and the patient are pushed to the side of a rescue bed; the patient is made to lie down (2 nd time), then the shovel stretcher is shoveled and moved to the rescue bed, then the shovel stretcher is drawn out, the patient lies down on the rescue bed, and finally the patient is made to be in a semi-lying position (3 rd time change).

Theoretically, for a patient needing a semi-reclining position, the requirement on the position of the patient needs to be met during emergency transportation, the change of the position of the patient needs to be reduced as much as possible, and the position of the patient is usually kept to be more consistent with the principle of emergency treatment in a hospital. Clearly, neither of the current A, B practices described above is well suited for medical needs. Because the method A can try to keep the patient in the semi-recumbent position, but needs 4 changes of body position; the method B has only 3 changes of body position, but is difficult to ensure that the patient is in the semi-lying position as much as possible in the transfer process. In addition, in the process of using a flat plate type shovel stretcher and a four-wheel stretcher for pre-hospital emergency transfer, the operation actions are increased, multiple persons are required to assist the operation to be completed together, time is consumed, the transfer is delayed, and the operation is not beneficial to emergency treatment.

The shovel stretcher can be used for the pre-hospital transportation and also can be used for the in-hospital transportation, namely, the patients can be transported among 'sickbeds' with different structures and different functions in different areas in the hospital. At present, at least four medical staff are needed to directly pull the bed sheet 6 under the body of the patient or directly move the body of the patient for movement. In fact, the patient can be placed on another sickbed or examination bed by using a shovel stretcher, then the patient can be directly laid on another sickbed by pulling out the shovel stretcher, and the patient can be transported in the hospital more conveniently, quickly and laborsaving.

As described above, for a patient who needs a semi-recumbent position, if pre-hospital emergency transfer and transfer to different areas (emergency department to radiology department, to catheter room or operating room, to ward) in a secondary hospital are simultaneously completed, the patient needs to be changed in position 8-10 times during the transfer process according to medical requirements as much as possible. In a word, for critical patients needing semi-lying positions or even end-sitting positions to transfer before and in an emergency hospital, the prior shovel stretcher with a fixed flat plate structure is adopted to move and is connected with a four-wheel stretcher, and the rapid, simple and smooth transfer is obviously difficult to achieve.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the defect among the prior art, the utility model provides an adjustable patient clinostatism angle, and the reliable adjustable back shovel stretcher of stable in structure had both remain current shovel stretcher's all advantages, overcome current shovel stretcher's limitation again, not only be fit for the transportation of the patient that can crouch flatly, to the patient that needs the semi-recumbent position, also can be under the condition that need not change patient's position almost, just can accomplish the institute before, transport in the institute.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows:

a shovel stretcher with an adjustable backrest comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are correspondingly and detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet through a clutch device A;

the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly, a middle shovel plate assembly and a lower shovel plate assembly;

the lower shovel plate assembly is provided with a supporting rod and a limiting adjusting device, the supporting rod is inserted into one end of the middle shovel plate assembly, and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device;

a ratchet wheel buckling device used for connecting and changing an included angle between the middle shovel plate assembly and the upper shovel plate assembly is arranged between the middle shovel plate assembly and the upper shovel plate assembly;

the shovel plate assembly comprises a pair of middle shovel plate assemblies, and is characterized by further comprising a U-shaped lifting arm, wherein one end, far away from the lower shovel plate assembly, of each middle shovel plate assembly is horizontally and fixedly connected with two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm respectively, and a clutch device B is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped lifting arm.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in: both remain fixed flat structure shovel stretcher's all advantages, can pass through again ratchet buckle device adjusts well shovel board subassembly with go up contained angle between the shovel board subassembly, thereby will go up the shovel board subassembly and support the patient and change patient clinostatism angle as the back, and then realize the clinostatism of the different angles of patient and adjust, and adopt the U-shaped arm of raising is as nursing staff hand-lift position, has both kept all advantages of current shovel stretcher, overcomes current shovel stretcher's limitation again, not only is fit for the transportation of the patient that can recumbent, to the patient that needs the semi-recumbent position, can adjust the shovel board subassembly in different angles ground and make the patient be in the semi-recumbent position, can be under the condition that need not change the patient position almost, just can accomplish the institute before, transport in the hospital.

Further, the ratchet wheel buckling device comprises a ratchet wheel, a transmission shaft, an end cover, a spring pin, a shifting block, a cam and a pair of pawls;

the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly, of the middle shovel plate assembly is provided with an installation cavity, the end cover covers the installation cavity on the outer side of the installation cavity, the ratchet wheel is located in the installation cavity, the ratchet wheel is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the end cover and is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly, of the upper shovel plate assembly;

the pair of pawls are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the ratchet wheel, one end of each pawl is hinged to the side wall of the mounting cavity, the other end of each pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the side walls of the pair of pawls are respectively connected with the side wall of the mounting cavity through springs A, and the springs A are in a compressed state and tightly abut against the corresponding pawls to be meshed with the ratchet wheel;

the cam is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls, which are close to the side wall of the mounting cavity, two sides of the cam are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls, and the large end of the cam faces the ratchet wheel;

the shifting block is fixedly connected with the cam, a sliding groove is formed in the end cover corresponding to the position of the cam, the shifting block is located in the sliding groove and can slide in the sliding groove, the cam pushes a pair of pawls to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet wheel along with the sliding of the shifting block, a positioning hole A and a positioning hole B are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove along the sliding direction of the shifting block, the positioning hole B is close to the ratchet wheel, and the positioning hole A is far away from the ratchet wheel;

the spring pin penetrates through the shifting block, and when the shifting block slides to the position of the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B, the spring pin can be inserted into the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B to lock the position of the cam.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the poking block is slid to drive the cam to move so as to push the pawl to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet wheel, and the spring pin is matched with the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B to be inserted into the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B so as to lock the position of the cam, so that the adjustment of an included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly and the middle shovel plate assembly is realized, the patient lying position adjustment is realized, the structure is stable, the safety and reliability are realized, and the adjustment is convenient and quick.

Further, the end cover and the outer side of the installation cavity are integrally formed.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: and the connection reliability of the end cover and the outer side of the mounting cavity is improved.

Further, the spout is T type groove, the circular bead part intercommunication in T type groove the installation cavity, the shifting block be with T type piece that T type groove matches, the circular bead part of T type piece with cam fixed connection, the pole portion of T type piece stretches out the end cover.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: stir the T type piece stretches out the pole portion of end cover can drive the shifting block is in slide in the spout, thereby drive cam displacement, easy and simple to handle reliably, and utilize T type groove with the cooperation of T type piece can effectually be avoided the shifting block takes place the skew, ensures cam displacement direction is invariable, guarantees operating stability.

Further, the spring pin comprises a pin head, a pin rod, a wedge-shaped sleeve and a spring B, the pin head is fixed at one end of the pin rod, a positioning bulge is arranged on the side wall of the other end close to the pin rod, the wedge-shaped sleeve is sleeved on the pin rod and between the pin head and the positioning bulge, the spring B is sleeved on the pin rod and between the wedge-shaped sleeve and the positioning bulge, one end of the spring B is abutted against the wedge-shaped sleeve, and the other end of the spring B is abutted against the positioning bulge; the pin rod penetrates through the shifting block, the wedge-shaped sleeve is fixedly connected with the shifting block, and the pin head is located outside the end cover.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the pin head is rotated positively and negatively, one side, close to the wedge-shaped sleeve, of the pin head moves along the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve, so that the pin rod is driven to enter and exit the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B, the position of the cam is locked, the operation is simple, the structure is reliable, and the adjustment of the included angle between the middle shovel plate assembly and the upper shovel plate assembly is safe and reliable.

Further, a handle is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the pin head.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the pin head is convenient to rotate.

Furthermore, an inclined surface opposite to the inclined direction of the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve is arranged on one side, close to the wedge-shaped sleeve, of the pin head.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the contact surface between the pin head and the wedge-shaped sleeve is reduced, and the pin head is rotated more easily.

Furthermore, the positioning bulges are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin rod in two numbers.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: and the reliable abutting of the spring and the positioning bulge is ensured.

Furthermore, the two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm are fixedly connected with the outer sides of the ends, far away from the lower shovel plate assembly, of the pair of middle shovel plate assemblies after being bent inwards, and the width of the U-shaped lifting arm is larger than the width between the pair of upper shovel plate assemblies.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: under the great condition of width of U-shaped lift arm, can promote the nursing staff and lift up the stability of this stretcher, reduce the possibility that causes the secondary injury to the patient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the ratchet fastening device and the upper blade assembly according to the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a locking state diagram of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an unlocked state diagram of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment in a locked state;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment in an unlocked state;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an initial state structure of the spring pin according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a structural view illustrating a rotation state of the spring pin according to the embodiment;

1-U-shaped lifting arm; 2-an upper blade assembly; 3-middle shovel component; 4-limiting and adjusting device; 5-a support rod; 6-lower blade assembly; 7-clutch device A;

8-ratchet wheel fastening device; 801-end cap; 802-a drive shaft; 803-shifting block; 804-a spring pin; 805-a ratchet; 806-spring A; 807-a pawl; 808-a cam; 809-wedge sleeve; 810-spring B; 811-positioning hole a; 812-a chute; 813-location hole B; 814-pin head; 815-a handle; 816-positioning projections; 817-pin bar;

9-clutch means B; 10-installation cavity.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

As shown in fig. 1, a scoop stretcher with adjustable backrest comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet correspondingly through a clutch device a7 (the clutch device is a conventional structure commonly used for scoop stretchers, and the clutch device a and the clutch device B are listed here, and the detailed structure thereof is not described here and hereafter);

the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly 2, a middle shovel plate assembly 3 and a lower shovel plate assembly 6;

the lower shovel plate assembly 6 is provided with a support rod 5 and a limit adjusting device 4 (the limit adjusting device is a common existing structure of the shovel stretcher, and the specific structure of the limit adjusting device is not described in detail here and later), the support rod 5 is inserted into one end of the middle shovel plate assembly 3, and the length of the support rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly 3 is adjusted through the limit adjusting device 4;

a ratchet wheel buckling device 8 for connecting and changing the included angle between the middle shovel plate component 3 and the upper shovel plate component 2 is arranged between the two shovel plate components;

the shovel is characterized by further comprising a U-shaped lifting arm 1, one ends of the pair of middle shovel plate assemblies 3, which are far away from the lower shovel plate assembly 6, are horizontally and fixedly connected with two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm 1 respectively, and a clutch device B9 is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped lifting arm 1.

In this embodiment:

as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, ratchet catch device 8 includes a ratchet 805, a drive shaft 802, an end cap 801, a spring pin 804, a dial 803, a cam 808 and a pair of pawls 807; the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly 2, of the middle shovel plate assembly 3 is provided with a mounting cavity 10, an end cover 801 covers the mounting cavity 10 on the outer side of the mounting cavity 10, a ratchet 805 is located in the mounting cavity 10, the ratchet 805 is sleeved and fixed on a transmission shaft 802, one end of the transmission shaft 802 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 10, and the other end of the transmission shaft 802 penetrates through the end cover 801 and is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly 3, of the upper shovel plate assembly 2; a pair of pawls 807 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the ratchet 805, one end of each pawl 807 is hinged to the side wall of the mounting cavity 10, the other end of each pawl 807 is meshed with the ratchet 805, the side walls of the pair of pawls 807 are respectively connected with the side wall of the mounting cavity 10 through springs A806, and the springs A806 are in a compressed state and tightly abut against the corresponding pawls 807 to be meshed with the ratchet 805; the cam 808 is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls 807 close to the side wall of the installation cavity 10, two sides of the cam 808 are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls 807, and the large end of the cam 808 faces the ratchet 805; the shifting block 803 is fixedly connected with the cam 808, a sliding groove 812 is formed in the position, corresponding to the cam 808, of the end cover 801, the shifting block 803 is located in the sliding groove 812 and can slide in the sliding groove 812, the cam 808 pushes the pair of pawls 807 to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the shifting block 803, a positioning hole A811 and a positioning hole B813 are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove 812 along the sliding direction of the shifting block 803, the positioning hole B813 is close to the ratchet 805, and the positioning hole A811 is far away from the ratchet 805; spring pin 804 is disposed through block 803, and when block 803 is slid to the position of positioning hole a811 or positioning hole B813, spring pin 804 can be inserted into positioning hole a811 or positioning hole B813 to lock the position of cam 808.

Preferably, the end cap 801 is integrally formed with the outside of the mounting cavity 10.

Preferably, the sliding groove 812 is a T-shaped groove, a shoulder portion of the T-shaped groove is communicated with the installation cavity 10, the shifting block 803 is a T-shaped block matched with the T-shaped groove, the shoulder portion of the T-shaped block is fixedly connected with the cam 808, and a rod portion of the T-shaped block extends out of the end cover 801.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the spring pin 804 includes a pin head 814, a pin rod, a wedge sleeve 809 and a spring B810, the pin head 814 is fixed at one end of the pin rod, a positioning protrusion 816 is disposed on a side wall of the other end close to the pin rod, the wedge sleeve 809 is sleeved on the pin rod and between the pin head 814 and the positioning protrusion 816, the spring B810 is sleeved on the pin rod and between the wedge sleeve 809 and the positioning protrusion 816, one end of the spring B810 abuts against the wedge sleeve 809, and the other end of the spring B810 abuts against the positioning protrusion 816; the pin rod passes through the shifting block 803, the wedge sleeve 809 is fixedly connected with the shifting block 803, and the pin head 814 is positioned outside the end cover 801.

Preferably, a handle 815 is fixedly disposed on a side wall of the pin head 814.

Preferably, the side of the pin head 814 close to the wedge shaped sleeve 809 is provided with a slope opposite to the slope of the wedge face of the wedge shaped sleeve 809.

Preferably, two positioning protrusions 816 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin rod.

Preferably, both ends of the U-shaped lifting arm 1 are bent inwards and then fixedly connected with the outer sides of the ends of the pair of middle shovel plate assemblies 3 far away from the lower shovel plate assembly 6, and the width of the U-shaped lifting arm 1 is larger than that between the pair of upper shovel plate assemblies 2.

The working principle is as follows:

when the patient needs to adopt a semi-lying position, as shown in fig. 4, 6 and 8, the pin head 814 is rotated to separate the pin rod 817 from the positioning hole B813, the shifting block 803 is slid towards the positioning hole a811, the cam 808 pushes the pair of pawls 807 to open the engagement of the separated pawls 807 and the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the sliding shifting block 803, the pin head 814 is rotated reversely after the shifting block 803 reaches the positioning hole a811 to insert the pin rod 817 into the positioning hole a811 to lock the position of the cam 808, and the operator turns over the upper shovel plate assembly 2 to adjust the angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel plate assembly 3, so that the horizontal position angle adjustment lying position is realized by taking the upper shovel plate assembly 2 as a backrest; after the horizontal position angle is adjusted to a proper position, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 7, the pin head 814 is rotated to enable the pin rod 817 to be separated from the positioning hole a811, the shifting block 803 is slid towards the positioning hole B813, the cam 808 is displaced towards the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the sliding shifting block 803, the spring a806 pushes the corresponding pawl 807 to be meshed towards the ratchet 805, the pin head 814 is rotated reversely after the shifting block 803 reaches the positioning hole B813 to enable the pin rod 817 to be inserted into the positioning hole B813 to lock the position of the cam 808, and the pawl 807 is meshed with the ratchet 805, so that the included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel assembly 3 is locked, and the horizontal position adjustment is completed; if the included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel plate assembly 3 needs to be reset, the rest operation modes are not changed except that the included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel plate assembly 3 is adjusted to be 180 degrees in the process; two nursing personnel can transfer the patient by respectively lifting the lower shovel plate assembly 6 and the U-shaped supporting arm.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification.

Claims

1. A shovel stretcher with an adjustable backrest comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are correspondingly and detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet through a clutch device A (7) respectively;

the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly (2), a middle shovel plate assembly (3) and a lower shovel plate assembly (6);

the lower shovel plate assembly (6) is provided with a supporting rod (5) and a limiting adjusting device (4), the supporting rod (5) is inserted into one end of the middle shovel plate assembly (3), and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly (3) is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device (4);

the method is characterized in that: a ratchet wheel buckling device (8) used for connecting and changing an included angle between the middle shovel plate component (3) and the upper shovel plate component (2) is arranged between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component;

the shovel is characterized by further comprising a U-shaped lifting arm (1), one end, far away from the lower shovel plate assembly (6), of the middle shovel plate assembly (3) is horizontally and fixedly connected with two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm (1) respectively, and a clutch device B (9) is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped lifting arm (1).

2. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 1 wherein: the ratchet wheel buckling device (8) comprises a ratchet wheel (805), a transmission shaft (802), an end cover (801), a spring pin (804), a shifting block (803), a cam (808) and a pair of pawls (807);

the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly (2), of the middle shovel plate assembly (3) is provided with an installation cavity (10), the end cover (801) covers the installation cavity (10) on the outer side of the installation cavity (10), the ratchet wheel (805) is located in the installation cavity (10), the ratchet wheel (805) is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft (802), one end of the transmission shaft (802) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity (10), and the other end of the transmission shaft (802) penetrates through the end cover (801) and then is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly (3), of the upper shovel plate assembly (2);

the pair of pawls (807) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the ratchet wheel (805), one end of each pawl (807) is hinged to the side wall of the installation cavity (10), the other end of each pawl (807) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (805), the side walls of the pair of pawls (807) are respectively connected with the side wall of the installation cavity (10) through a spring A (806), and the spring A (806) is in a compressed state and tightly abuts against the corresponding pawl (807) to be meshed with the ratchet wheel (805);

the cam (808) is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls (807) close to the side walls of the mounting cavity (10), two sides of the cam are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls (807), and the large end of the cam (808) faces the ratchet wheel (805);

the shifting block (803) is fixedly connected with the cam (808), a sliding groove (812) is formed in the end cover (801) corresponding to the position of the cam (808), the shifting block (803) is located in the sliding groove (812) and can slide in the sliding groove (812), the cam (808) pushes a pair of pawls (807) to be engaged with or separated from the ratchet (805) along with the sliding of the shifting block (803), a positioning hole A (811) and a positioning hole B (813) are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove (812) along the sliding direction of the shifting block (803), the positioning hole B (813) is close to the ratchet (805), and the positioning hole A (811) is far away from the ratchet (805);

the spring pin (804) is arranged through the shifting block (803), and when the shifting block (803) slides to the position of the positioning hole A (811) or the positioning hole B (813), the spring pin (804) can be inserted into the positioning hole A (811) or the positioning hole B (813) to lock the position of the cam (808).

3. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 2 wherein: the end cover (801) and the outer side of the mounting cavity (10) are integrally formed.

4. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 2 wherein: the sliding groove (812) is a T-shaped groove, the shoulder part of the T-shaped groove is communicated with the installation cavity (10), the shifting block (803) is a T-shaped block matched with the T-shaped groove, the shoulder part of the T-shaped block is fixedly connected with the cam (808), and the rod part of the T-shaped block extends out of the end cover (801).

5. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 2 wherein: the spring pin (804) comprises a pin head (814), a pin rod, a wedge-shaped sleeve (809) and a spring B (810), the pin head (814) is fixed at one end of the pin rod, a positioning protrusion (816) is arranged on the side wall of the other end close to the pin rod, the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is sleeved on the pin rod and between the pin head (814) and the positioning protrusion (816), the spring B (810) is sleeved on the pin rod and between the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) and the positioning protrusion (816), one end of the spring B (810) is abutted against the wedge-shaped sleeve (809), and the other end of the spring B (810) is abutted against the positioning protrusion (816); the pin rod penetrates through the shifting block (803), the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is fixedly connected with the shifting block (803), and the pin head (814) is positioned outside the end cover (801).

6. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 5 wherein: the side wall of the pin head (814) is fixedly provided with a handle (815).

7. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 5 wherein: one side of the pin head (814) close to the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the inclined direction of the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve (809).

8. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of claim 5 wherein: two positioning protrusions (816) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin rod.

9. The adjustable back scoop stretcher of any of claims 1-8 wherein: the two ends of the U-shaped lifting arm (1) are fixedly connected with the outer sides of the ends, far away from the lower shovel plate assembly (6), of the pair of middle shovel plate assemblies (3) after being bent inwards, and the width of the U-shaped lifting arm (1) is larger than the width between the pair of upper shovel plate assemblies (2).