CN210078071U

CN210078071U - Shovel stretcher with adjustable clinostatism angle

Info

Publication number: CN210078071U
Application number: CN201920417670.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃军
Original assignee: 覃军
Current assignee: CHONGQING KANGHUA ZHONGLIAN CARDIOVASCULAR HOSPITAL Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-03-29
Filing date: 2019-03-29
Publication date: 2020-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-29

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of first aid and medical equipment, in particular to a shovel stretcher with adjustable lying position angle, which comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are respectively connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet in a corresponding and detachable way through a clutch device; the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly, a middle shovel plate assembly and a lower shovel plate assembly; the lower shovel plate assembly is provided with a supporting rod and a limiting adjusting device, the supporting rod is inserted into the middle shovel plate assembly, and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device; a ratchet wheel buckling device used for connecting and changing the included angle between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component is arranged between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component. The utility model discloses adjustable patient upper half clinostatism angle, and stable in structure is reliable.

Description

Shovel stretcher with adjustable clinostatism angle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an emergency treatment and medical equipment field specifically are shovel stretcher of clinostatism angularly adjustable.

Background

Structure characteristics of medical shovel stretcher and use method

The patient moving the medical shovel stretcher (abbreviated as 'shovel stretcher') is a sick and wounded who can not move the body by oneself and/or can not change the posture because of the serious condition.

(I) shovel stretcher structural characteristics and advantages

At present, the common medical and first aid uses a shovel stretcher. Compared with other stretchers, the shovel stretcher belongs to a separable stretcher, has the greatest advantage that the body of a patient can be furthest removed or the position of the patient is not changed in the process of moving the body of the patient, so that the active energy consumption of the patient is reduced, secondary damage caused in the process of moving the body or changing the position is avoided, and the shovel stretcher is suitable for moving the wounded such as fracture and the like and moving the sick with serious illness.

The shovel stretcher is structurally characterized in that ① the shovel stretcher is composed of a left U-shaped stretcher sheet and a right U-shaped stretcher sheet which are symmetrical, clutch devices are arranged at two ends of the ② U-shaped stretcher sheets, the left U-shaped stretcher sheet and the right U-shaped stretcher sheet which are separated can be simply and rapidly separated to form a complete stretcher, or the complete stretcher can be separated into a left part and a right part, ③ the length of the shovel stretcher can be adjusted by limiting and adjusting devices according to the height or the length of a patient in a grading way, a telescopic rod can be folded by a folding device at the tail end of the telescopic supporting rod, the occupied space can be reduced when the shovel stretcher is not used, the shovel stretcher is convenient to carry, and the ④ shovel stretcher is simple, convenient and easy to master.

All shovel stretchers produced by different manufacturers have a very important common characteristic, when the shovel stretcher is unfolded for use, the whole bed surface is of a fixed flat plate type structure, the upper half body or the head side bed surface can only be kept horizontal and can not be inclined in a supine manner, namely, a patient can only actively or passively take a horizontal lying position and can not take a semi-lying position when lying on the stretcher in a supine manner; if the patient needs to be in the semi-reclining position, the patient can be in the semi-reclining position only by filling clothes on the back of the patient and the like.

Use method and limitation of (II) shovel stretcher

A method for using shovel stretcher to put the body of patient on it and separating it from patient includes such steps as taking the patient to lie flat, slightly raising left side of patient, putting left U-shaped stretcher piece under the left side of patient, putting right U-shaped stretcher piece under the right side of patient, putting the patient in flat position on the complete flat shovel stretcher, locking two clutches at both ends of U-shaped stretcher pieces, moving patient, and taking out two U-shaped stretcher pieces.

In practical medical application, the shovel stretcher is used for moving the body of a patient to move, and the shovel stretcher can be placed on a patient bed, and can also be placed on a special examination bed or an operating table for CT, magnetic resonance and the like or a medical four-wheel stretcher and a transfer sickbed for connection and short-distance in-hospital transfer according to clinical requirements. The four legs of the four-wheel stretcher vehicle can be folded, so that the four-wheel stretcher vehicle can be conveniently pushed into a medical cabin of an ambulance and fixed.

As can be seen from the specific handling operation processes of the "shovel stretcher" and the "draw-off shovel stretcher" for the patient, the shovel stretcher has the limitation that the patient must be in a horizontal position all the time during the period. Second, three steps of 120 ambulance pre-hospital emergency transfer and connection operation method of shovel stretcher and four-wheel stretcher for patients in horizontal position

In the process of transporting the patient before 120 ambulance yards, besides the patient body needs to be moved by a shovel stretcher, four-wheel stretcher (stretcher for short) is also needed for connection and short-distance pushing. Because of the above-mentioned advantages of a shovel stretcher, most 120 ambulances are equipped with stretchers that are shovel stretchers; the bed surface of the stretcher is also in a fixed flat plate type structure, so that the upper half of the patient cannot be lifted; the other is that the upper half body of the bed surface can be lifted by grades, so that the patient can keep the semi-lying position with different angles, and the latter is more.

The 120 ambulance carries, connects and transports the patient to the hospital emergency department hospital bed before, needs three steps at least:

the first step, "shoveling the stretcher": the patient's body must first be placed in a horizontal position on site and then "shoveled onto a shovel stretcher" using the method described above.

The second step "upper stretcher pushing and transferring": the patient lying on the shovel stretcher is moved to a stretcher, and the subsequent operation is divided into two modes: a patient body is directly laid on a shovel stretcher for transferring: directly placing the patient in the horizontal position on a stretcher vehicle together with a shovel stretcher, pushing the stretcher vehicle into a medical cabin of a 120 ambulance, fixing the stretcher vehicle, and transferring the 120 ambulance; B. the body of the patient is directly laid on the stretcher vehicle for transportation: because the body of the patient is directly laid on the cold shovel stretcher with a relatively narrow and narrow bed surface and made of hard metal materials, the patient often feels uncomfortable, except that clothes and quilts can be padded under the patient, when the patient is transported for a long time, the body of the patient is usually laid on a stretcher vehicle by the shovel stretcher, and then the patient is taken out of the shovel stretcher, so that the body of the patient is directly laid on the soft stretcher bed surface.

The third step is lower stretcher vehicle, draw-off shovel stretcher and upper sickbed: after the ambulance transports the patient to the door of the emergency department of the hospital, the stretcher and the patient thereon are pushed down to the medical cabin of the ambulance, and the stretcher is pushed to the side of the emergency department emergency bed, which are respectively described according to the two conditions of the second step. A. The patient body lies directly on the shovel stretcher: directly carrying the shovel stretcher on the stretcher vehicle, placing the patient lying on the shovel stretcher on the rescue bed, and then drawing the shovel stretcher away to enable the patient to lie on the rescue bed; B. the body of the patient lies on the stretcher directly: firstly, the patient on the stretcher vehicle is shoveled on the shovel stretcher by the shovel stretcher, the body of the patient is carried to the rescue bed, and then the patient is horizontally laid on the rescue bed by pulling out the shovel stretcher.

As can be seen from the three steps of moving and transferring the patient, the treatment of the pre-hospital first-aid transfer is completed, and for the patient who can lie flat, the flat plate type shovel stretcher with the fixed bed surface plays a great role, so that the physical consumption of the patient is reduced, the patient is smoothly connected and quickly moved and transferred, and the patient can be moved and transferred by at least two adults.

Thirdly, the patients needing semi-clinostatism have the defects and the shortcomings of using a shovel stretcher in the 120 pre-hospital emergency transfer

With the social development and the improvement of medical level, especially the aging of the population of China is increased, and the number of patients with heart diseases, respiratory diseases and cerebrovascular diseases is increased day by day. In order to compensate for the heart and lung functions, the patients with the diseases need to be forced to take a certain angle of semi-lying position or even end-sitting position to improve the heart and lung functions and relieve symptoms. In addition, craniocerebral trauma, rib fractures, pneumothorax, or patients undergoing closed drainage must also be in an end-seated or semi-recumbent position, or the like. In fact, clinicians treat these patients with a first physical requirement of being in a semi-recumbent or end-seated position.

In fact, whether to transport in the first aid transport patient, the time of the transport, etc. all need 120 doctors to perform clinical dynamic analysis and judgment on site. Most of the patients have stable disease conditions but are difficult to lie flat completely during the pre-hospital transportation process. Even so, when promptly transporting in the front of the hospital, it can not half lie because of the illness condition, can only end the sitting state even to run into the patient, can't use the stretcher completely when transporting, can only let the patient keep end the sitting, utilizes domestic chair or wheelchair, or with the similar medical stair stretcher of chair structure, lets the patient be end the sitting position and moves and transport.

When carrying, plugging into and transporting with the stretcher to the patient who requires the semi-reclining position clinically, because present shovel stretcher all is the fixed flat structure of bed surface, at shovel stretcher, go up stretcher propelling movement and transportation "and" lower stretcher, take out shovel stretcher, go up the sick bed "these three steps just very complicated and have the hidden danger that aggravates the state of an illness, from patient position change angle, actual operation has following two kinds of modes:

① for the stretcher that can not raise the upper half of the bed in a grading way, no matter whether the stretcher is drawn out or not, the patient can only be padded with clothes, pillows or quilts on the back of the patient, and the patient is in the semi-lying way as far as possible, 120 ambulance transports the patient to the gate of the hospital emergency department, pushes down the stretcher and pushes the patient to the side of the rescue bed, then orders the patient to lie, uses a shovel stretcher to move the patient in the flat lying way to the rescue bed, uses a shovel stretcher to move the patient in the semi-lying way to the rescue bed, lifts the bed surface of the stretcher, puts the patient in the semi-lying way, ② for the stretcher that can lift the upper half of the patient in the grading way, pulls out the shovel stretcher away, puts the patient in the semi-lying way, lifts the stretcher surface to the emergency bed surface of the hospital, puts the patient in the semi-lying way, and pushes the patient down to the bed surface to the side of the stretcher, and moves the patient in the semi-lying way, and the whole patient has to be rescued between the bed.

In fact, most 120 ambulance standard equipped stretchers not only raise the upper half bed surface, but also have an upper half bed surface structure, size and raising angle substantially similar to those of stretchers. Like this, get patient in semi-reclining position to clinical requirement and carry out the pre-hospital transportation through above-mentioned two kinds of modes, move using shovel stretcher, with the stretcher that the bed surface was raised in gradable plug into, propelling movement and transportation to and finally place patient's health to the whole in-process on the rescue sick bed, patient in semi-reclining position all must experience through 4 position changes of lying down, this both need consume patient's physical power, increase the operation in transporting again, postpone the transportation, more likely aggravate the state of an illness, be unfavorable for the medical treatment.

Fourthly, the patients who need to be in the semi-reclining position have the defects and the defects of using the shovel stretcher in the hospital emergency treatment, the examination and the transportation

The emergency department, the radiology department, the color Doppler ultrasound room and the hospitalization ward of the hospital are all distributed at independent positions and are provided with sickbeds with self special structures. If the patient arrives at the hospital and is semi-lying on a rescue bed in an emergency department, and needs to go further to the radiology department for CT examination or transfer to a hospital after primary medical treatment, the patient needs to be placed on an examination bed or a hospital bed by using a shovel stretcher, a stretcher vehicle for connection and intra-hospital transfer.

In fact, in the operation process of transferring patients in hospitals, a shovel stretcher is not used, but at least three adults are needed to directly carry the bodies of the patients to leave a hospital bed and arrive at a stretcher vehicle by bare hands, push the stretcher vehicle to the side of a special examination bed for CT and the like, and then carry the bodies of the patients to the examination bed by bare hands; after the examination is finished, the patient body is moved to the stretcher vehicle again by hands of a plurality of people, the stretcher vehicle is pushed to return to the side of the sick bed, and then the patient body is moved to the sick bed by hands. Therefore, the patient needs to be moved and the body position of the patient needs to be changed to different degrees in the moving process repeatedly and manually, so that the patient is uncomfortable, and the condition of the patient is possibly aggravated.

If the patient is moved by a shovel stretcher, connected by a stretcher and transported to finish special examination, the labor and the physical strength can be greatly saved, the energy consumption of the patient is reduced, the body of the patient is moved as little as possible, and the transportation is finished quickly, so that the patient is relatively favorable for illness state and medical treatment.

Taking the example that the semi-reclining patient leaves the emergency department disease rescue bed, goes to the radiology department for CT examination and returns to the emergency department rescue bed to recover the semi-reclining position, in a series of operation processes of carrying by a shovel stretcher and connection and transportation of the stretcher capable of lifting the bed surface in stages, the body of the patient in the first semi-reclining position needs to be subjected to position change of lying, semi-reclining and lying for 3 times, and after the examination, the patient needs to be subjected to position change of lying and lying again to semi-reclining, flat-reclining and semi-reclining for 3 times, so that the patient in the first semi-reclining position can be returned to the emergency department disease bed for recovering the semi-reclining position required by clinic. Therefore, the clinical requirements require that the patient in the semi-reclining position on the emergency department emergency bed must undergo at least 6 changes of body position when leaving the emergency department bed to complete a special examination and returning to the emergency department emergency bed.

Thus, from the perspective of the body position change of a patient, the patient is moved by a shovel stretcher, connected by a stretcher and transferred by a 120 ambulance to a hospital emergency department rescue bed on the disease scene, leaves from the rescue bed, goes to a special examination and returns to the emergency department rescue bed, and needs to undergo 10 times of horizontal and semi-horizontal body position changes; if a patient in an emergency department is eventually required to be transferred to a hospital bed to an inpatient room, a total of 14 postural changes must be experienced.

From the above analysis, it can be known that, for critically ill patients who need semi-lying or end-sitting, whether the patient is transported before hospital or transported in hospital, the flat plate type shovel stretcher with fixed bed surface is currently used for carrying, stretcher connection and transportation, which is very unfavorable for quick, simple and stable pre-hospital first aid and intra-hospital transportation.

In conclusion, the shovel stretcher has important function and significance in the process of transferring patients, but the prior shovel stretcher is only of a flat plate type structure with a fixed bed surface, so that the exertion of the function is limited, and the patient condition and medical treatment of the patients are not facilitated. The shovel stretcher with the flat plate structure and the fixed bed surface is optimized into the shovel stretcher with the adjustable angle of the recumbent position of the upper half body surface, so that patients can be in semi-recumbent positions or even end-sitting positions with different angles, the limitation of the existing shovel stretcher is overcome, the patients can be moved, connected and transported on the emergency treatment bed of the hospital in the scene of illness almost without actively or passively changing the body positions of the patients, and the body positions of the patients can be changed only 1-2 times in the transporting process of returning to the hospital bed after leaving the emergency treatment bed of the emergency treatment department and completing a special examination, so that the shovel stretcher with the adjustable recumbent angle can better meet the clinical medical requirements of the patients, and the rapid, simple and stable pre-hospital emergency treatment and in-hospital transportation of the patients are completed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an adjustable patient clinostatism angle is provided, and the reliable shovel stretcher of clinostatism angularly adjustable of stable in structure is fit for heart, lung, cerebrovascular patient and uses.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: a shovel stretcher with an adjustable lying position angle comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet are correspondingly detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet through clutch devices;

the U-shaped stretcher sheet comprises an upper shovel plate assembly, a middle shovel plate assembly and a lower shovel plate assembly;

the lower shovel plate assembly is provided with a supporting rod and a limiting adjusting device, the supporting rod is inserted into the middle shovel plate assembly, and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device;

a ratchet wheel buckling device used for connecting and changing the included angle between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component is arranged between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component.

The utility model has the advantages that: not only all advantages of the shovel stretcher with the fixed flat plate structure are reserved, but also included angles between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component can be adjusted through the ratchet wheel buckling device, so that the different-angle horizontal position adjustment of patients is realized, and the shovel stretcher is suitable for patients with heart, lung and cerebral vessels.

Further, the ratchet wheel buckling device comprises a ratchet wheel, a transmission shaft, an end cover, a spring pin, a shifting block, a cam and a pair of pawls;

the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly, of the middle shovel plate assembly is provided with an installation cavity, the end cover covers the installation cavity on the outer side of the installation cavity, the ratchet wheel is located in the installation cavity, the ratchet wheel is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the end cover and is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly, of the upper shovel plate assembly;

the pair of pawls are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the ratchet wheel, one end of each pawl is hinged to the side wall of the mounting cavity, the other end of each pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the side walls of the pair of pawls are respectively connected with the side wall of the mounting cavity through springs A, and the springs A are in a compressed state and tightly abut against the corresponding pawls to be meshed with the ratchet wheel;

the cam is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls, which are close to the side wall of the mounting cavity, two sides of the cam are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls, and the large end of the cam faces the ratchet wheel;

the shifting block is fixedly connected with the cam, a sliding groove is formed in the end cover corresponding to the position of the cam, the shifting block is located in the sliding groove and can slide in the sliding groove, the cam pushes a pair of pawls to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet wheel along with the sliding of the shifting block, a positioning hole A and a positioning hole B are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove along the sliding direction of the shifting block, the positioning hole B is close to the ratchet wheel, and the positioning hole A is far away from the ratchet wheel;

the spring pin penetrates through the shifting block, and when the shifting block slides to the position of the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B, the spring pin can be inserted into the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B to lock the position of the cam.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the poking block is slid to drive the cam to move so as to push the pawl to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet wheel, and the spring pin is matched with the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B to be inserted into the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B so as to lock the position of the cam, so that the adjustment of an included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly and the middle shovel plate assembly is realized, the patient lying position adjustment is realized, the structure is stable, the safety and reliability are realized, and the adjustment is convenient and quick.

Further, the end cover and the outer side of the installation cavity are integrally formed.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: and the connection reliability of the end cover and the outer side of the mounting cavity is improved.

Furthermore, the spout is T type groove, the circular bead part intercommunication in T type groove the installation cavity, the shifting block be with T type piece that T type groove matches, the circular bead part of T type piece with cam fixed connection, the pole portion of T type piece stretches out the end cover.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: stir the T type piece stretches out the pole portion of end cover can drive the shifting block is in slide in the spout, thereby drive cam displacement, easy and simple to handle reliably, and utilize T type groove with the cooperation of T type piece can effectually be avoided the shifting block takes place the skew, ensures cam displacement direction is invariable, guarantees operating stability.

Furthermore, the spring pin comprises a pin head, a pin rod, a wedge-shaped sleeve and a spring B, the pin head is fixed at one end of the pin rod, a positioning bulge is arranged on the side wall of the other end close to the pin rod, the wedge-shaped sleeve is sleeved on the pin rod and between the pin head and the positioning bulge, the spring B is sleeved on the pin rod and between the wedge-shaped sleeve and the positioning bulge, one end of the spring B is abutted against the wedge-shaped sleeve, and the other end of the spring B is abutted against the positioning bulge; the pin rod penetrates through the shifting block, the wedge-shaped sleeve is fixedly connected with the shifting block, and the pin head is located outside the end cover.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the pin head is rotated positively and negatively, one side, close to the wedge-shaped sleeve, of the pin head moves along the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve, so that the pin rod is driven to enter and exit the positioning hole A or the positioning hole B, the position of the cam is locked, the operation is simple, the structure is reliable, and the adjustment of the included angle between the middle shovel plate assembly and the upper shovel plate assembly is safe and reliable.

Further, a handle is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the pin head.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the pin head is convenient to rotate.

Further, one side of the pin head, which is close to the wedge-shaped sleeve, is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the inclined direction of the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the contact surface between the pin head and the wedge-shaped sleeve is reduced, and the pin head is rotated more easily.

Further, the positioning bulges are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin rod in two numbers.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: and the reliable abutting of the spring and the positioning bulge is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the ratchet fastening device and the upper blade assembly according to the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a locking state diagram of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an unlocked state diagram of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment in a locked state;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ratchet buckle device of the embodiment in an unlocked state;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an initial state structure of the spring pin according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a structural view illustrating a rotation state of the spring pin according to the embodiment;

reference numerals:

1-U-shaped stretcher sheet; 2-an upper blade assembly; 3-middle shovel component; 4-limiting and adjusting device; 5-a support rod; 6-lower blade assembly; 7-a clutch device;

8-ratchet wheel fastening device; 801-end cap; 802-a drive shaft; 803-shifting block; 804-a spring pin; 805-a ratchet; 806-spring A; 807-a pawl; 808-a cam; 809-wedge sleeve; 810-spring B; 811-positioning hole a; 812-a chute; 813-location hole B; 814-pin head; 815-a handle; 816-positioning projections;

9-installation cavity

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

As shown in fig. 1, a scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets 1 which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet 1 are respectively and correspondingly detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet 1 through clutch devices 7;

the U-shaped stretcher sheet 1 comprises an upper shovel plate assembly 2, a middle shovel plate assembly 3 and a lower shovel plate assembly 6;

the lower shovel plate assembly 6 is provided with a support rod 5 and a limit adjusting device 4, the support rod 5 is inserted into the middle shovel plate assembly 3, and the length of the support rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly 3 is adjusted through the limit adjusting device 4;

a ratchet 805 fastening device 8 for connecting and changing the included angle between the middle shovel plate component 3 and the upper shovel plate component 2 is arranged between the two components;

in this embodiment:

as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, ratchet 805 latch 8 includes ratchet 805, drive shaft 802, end cap 801, spring pin 804, dial 803, cam 808 and a pair of pawls 807; the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly 2, of the middle shovel plate assembly 3 is provided with a mounting cavity 9, an end cover 801 covers the mounting cavity 9 on the outer side of the mounting cavity 9, a ratchet 805 is located in the mounting cavity 9, the ratchet 805 is sleeved and fixed on a transmission shaft 802, one end of the transmission shaft 802 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 9, and the other end of the transmission shaft 802 penetrates through the end cover 801 and is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly 3, of the upper shovel plate assembly 2; a pair of pawls 807 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the ratchet 805, one end of each pawl 807 is hinged to the side wall of the mounting cavity 9, the other end of each pawl 807 is meshed with the ratchet 805, the side walls of the pair of pawls 807 are respectively connected with the side wall of the mounting cavity 9 through springs A806, and the springs A806 are in a compressed state and tightly abut against the corresponding pawls 807 to be meshed with the ratchet 805; the cam 808 is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls 807 close to the side wall of the mounting cavity 9, two sides of the cam 808 are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls 807, and the large end of the cam 808 faces the ratchet 805; the shifting block 803 is fixedly connected with the cam 808, a sliding groove 812 is formed in the position, corresponding to the cam 808, of the end cover 801, the shifting block 803 is located in the sliding groove 812 and can slide in the sliding groove 812, the cam 808 pushes the pair of pawls 807 to be meshed with or separated from the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the shifting block 803, a positioning hole A811 and a positioning hole B813 are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove 812 along the sliding direction of the shifting block, the positioning hole B813 is close to the ratchet 805, and the positioning hole A811 is far away from the ratchet 805; spring pin 804 is disposed through block 803, and when block 803 is slid to the position of positioning hole a811 or positioning hole B813, spring pin 804 can be inserted into positioning hole a811 or positioning hole B813 to lock the position of cam 808.

Preferably, the end cap 801 is integrally formed with the outside of the mounting cavity 9.

Preferably, the sliding groove 812 is a T-shaped groove, a shoulder portion of the T-shaped groove is communicated with the mounting cavity 9, the shifting block 803 is a T-shaped block matched with the T-shaped groove, the shoulder portion of the T-shaped block is fixedly connected with the cam 808, and a rod portion of the T-shaped block extends out of the end cover 801.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the spring pin 804 includes a pin head 814, a pin rod 817, a wedge sleeve 809 and a spring B810, the pin head 814 is fixed at one end of the pin rod 817, a positioning protrusion 816 is disposed on a side wall of the other end close to the pin rod 817, the wedge sleeve 809 is sleeved on the pin rod 817 and between the pin head 814 and the positioning protrusion 816, the spring B810 is sleeved on the pin rod 817 and between the wedge sleeve 809 and the positioning protrusion 816, one end of the spring B810 abuts against the wedge sleeve 809, and the other end of the spring B810 abuts against the positioning protrusion 816; a pin 817 passes through the shifting block 803, a wedge shaped sleeve 809 is fixedly connected with the shifting block 803, and a pin head 814 is positioned outside the end cover 801.

Preferably, a handle 815 is fixedly disposed on a side wall of the pin head 814.

Preferably, the side of the pin head 814 close to the wedge shaped sleeve 809 is provided with a slope opposite to the slope of the wedge face of the wedge shaped sleeve 809.

Preferably, two positioning protrusions 816 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin 817.

The working principle is as follows:

when the patient needs to adopt a semi-lying position, as shown in fig. 4, 6 and 8, the pin head 814 is rotated to enable the pin rod 817 to be separated from the positioning hole B813, the dial block 803 is slid towards the positioning hole a811, the cam 808 pushes the pair of pawls 807 to open the engagement of the separation pawls 807 with the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the sliding dial block 803, the dial block 803 reversely rotates the pin head 814 after reaching the positioning hole a811 to enable the pin rod 817 to be inserted into the positioning hole a811 to lock the position of the cam 808, and the operator turns over the upper shovel plate assembly 2 to adjust the angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel plate assembly 3, so that the lying angle adjustment lying is realized; after the horizontal position angle is adjusted to the proper position, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 5 and fig. 7, the pin head 814 is rotated to make the pin 817 separate from the positioning hole a811, the dial 803 is slid towards the positioning hole B813, the cam 808 moves towards the ratchet 805 along with the sliding of the sliding dial 803, the spring a806 pushes the corresponding pawl 807 to engage towards the ratchet 805, after the dial 803 reaches the positioning hole B813, the pin head 814 is rotated reversely to make the pin 817 insert into the positioning hole B813 to lock the position of the cam 808, and the pawl 807 and the ratchet 805 complete the engagement, thereby locking the included angle between the upper shovel plate assembly 2 and the middle shovel assembly 3, and completing the horizontal position adjustment. If need make the contained angle of going up shovel board subassembly 2 and well shovel board subassembly 3 reset, except that the contained angle of shovel board subassembly 2 and well shovel board subassembly 3 is 180 in the regulation upset of above-mentioned in-process, all the other operation modes can be unchangeable.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification.

Claims

1. A shovel stretcher with an adjustable lying position angle comprises two U-shaped stretcher sheets (1) which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of one U-shaped stretcher sheet (1) are correspondingly and detachably connected with two ends of the other U-shaped stretcher sheet (1) through a clutch device (7);

the U-shaped stretcher sheet (1) comprises an upper shovel plate assembly (2), a middle shovel plate assembly (3) and a lower shovel plate assembly (6);

the lower shovel plate assembly (6) is provided with a supporting rod (5) and a limiting adjusting device (4), the supporting rod (5) is inserted into the middle shovel plate assembly (3), and the length of the supporting rod extending out of the middle shovel plate assembly (3) is adjusted through the limiting adjusting device (4);

the method is characterized in that: a ratchet wheel (805) buckling device (8) used for connecting and changing an included angle between the middle shovel plate component (3) and the upper shovel plate component (2) is arranged between the middle shovel plate component and the upper shovel plate component.

2. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ratchet (805) buckling device (8) comprises a ratchet (805), a transmission shaft (802), an end cover (801), a spring pin (804), a shifting block (803), a cam (808) and a pair of pawls (807);

the side wall of one end, close to the upper shovel plate assembly (2), of the middle shovel plate assembly (3) is provided with an installation cavity (9), the end cover (801) covers the installation cavity (9) on the outer side of the installation cavity (9), the ratchet wheel (805) is located in the installation cavity (9), the ratchet wheel (805) is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft (802), one end of the transmission shaft (802) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity (9), and the other end of the transmission shaft (802) penetrates through the end cover (801) and then is fixedly connected with one end, close to the middle shovel plate assembly (3), of the upper shovel plate assembly (2);

the pair of pawls (807) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the ratchet wheel (805), one end of each pawl (807) is hinged to the side wall of the mounting cavity (9), the other end of each pawl (807) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (805), the side walls of the pair of pawls (807) are respectively connected with the side wall of the mounting cavity (9) through a spring A (806), and the springs A (806) are in a compressed state and abut against the corresponding pawls (807) to be meshed with the ratchet wheel (805);

the cam (808) is positioned between one ends of the pair of pawls (807) close to the side walls of the mounting cavity (9), two sides of the cam are respectively abutted with the pair of pawls (807), and the large end of the cam (808) faces the ratchet wheel (805);

the shifting block (803) is fixedly connected with the cam (808), a sliding groove (812) is formed in the end cover (801) corresponding to the position of the cam (808), the shifting block (803) is located in the sliding groove (812) and can slide in the sliding groove (812), the cam (808) pushes a pair of pawls (807) to be engaged with or separated from the ratchet (805) along with the sliding of the shifting block (803), a positioning hole A (811) and a positioning hole B (813) are formed in the side wall of the sliding groove (812) along the sliding direction of the shifting block (803), the positioning hole B (813) is close to the ratchet (805), and the positioning hole A (811) is far away from the ratchet (805);

the spring pin (804) is arranged through the shifting block (803), and when the shifting block (803) slides to the position of the positioning hole A (811) or the positioning hole B (813), the spring pin (804) can be inserted into the positioning hole A (811) or the positioning hole B (813) to lock the position of the cam (808).

3. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the end cover (801) and the outer side of the mounting cavity (9) are integrally formed.

4. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sliding groove (812) is a T-shaped groove, the shoulder part of the T-shaped groove is communicated with the installation cavity (9), the shifting block (803) is a T-shaped block matched with the T-shaped groove, the shoulder part of the T-shaped block is fixedly connected with the cam (808), and the rod part of the T-shaped block extends out of the end cover (801).

5. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the spring pin (804) comprises a pin head (814), a pin rod (817), a wedge-shaped sleeve (809) and a spring B (810), the pin head (814) is fixed at one end of the pin rod (817), a positioning protrusion (816) is arranged on the side wall of the other end close to the pin rod (817), the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is sleeved on the pin rod (817) and between the pin head (814) and the positioning protrusion (816), the spring B (810) is sleeved on the pin rod (817) and between the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) and the positioning protrusion (816), one end of the spring B (810) is abutted against the wedge-shaped sleeve (809), and the other end of the spring B (810) is abutted against the positioning protrusion (816); the pin rod (817) penetrates through the shifting block (803), the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is fixedly connected with the shifting block (803), and the pin head (814) is located outside the end cover (801).

6. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the side wall of the pin head (814) is fixedly provided with a handle (815).

7. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: one side of the pin head (814) close to the wedge-shaped sleeve (809) is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the inclined direction of the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sleeve (809).

8. The scoop stretcher with adjustable lying position angle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: two positioning protrusions (816) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pin rod (817).