CN210907377U

CN210907377U - Heavy metal ion adsorption component

Info

Publication number: CN210907377U
Application number: CN201921139024.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙彬
Original assignee: Qingdao University
Current assignee: Qingdao University
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2020-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-19

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological pollution administers, a heavy metal ion adsorbs component is provided. The utility model provides a heavy metal ion adsorbs component includes first porous substrate and locates chitosan fibrous membrane or chitosan derivative fibrous membrane on at least one surface of first porous substrate. The utility model discloses utilize the electrostatic spinning fibrous membrane of chitosan or chitosan derivative to realize the absorption to heavy metal ion, solve the material recovery and the problem of recycling after the absorption simultaneously. The utility model provides an adsorb the component, can realize adsorbing heavy metal ion safely, swiftly, high-efficiently, and whole adsorption process is with low costs, easy operation.

Description

Heavy metal ion adsorption component

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological pollution administers, in particular to heavy metal ion adsorbs component.

Background

According to the latest report of the national soil pollution condition survey bulletin, the national soil environment condition is not optimistic overall, the soil pollution of partial regions is heavy, and the pollution type is mainly inorganic heavy metal ion pollutants. With the promulgation of the national action plan for soil pollution control, soil pollution control becomes an important content in the field of environmental pollution control.

At present, the soil heavy metal ion remediation technology mainly comprises an ectopic remediation method, a biological remediation method, an electric remediation method, a heat treatment method and the like. The soil ectopic repair cost is high, so the soil ectopic repair method is not suitable for large-scale use, the electric repair method has high energy consumption, the soil fertility is easy to weaken, and the heat treatment method easily causes the soil to lose the original ecological function. Although the bioremediation method is low in treatment cost and suitable for large-area treatment, the development of the bioremediation method is hindered by a long treatment period. With the rise of micro-nano materials, various micro-nano materials for adsorbing heavy metal ions in soil are frequently reported, for example, Chinese patent CN109652085A reports a method for removing hexavalent chromium pollution in soil by using modacrylic fiber, but polyacrylonitrile is easy to cause secondary pollution to soil.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a heavy metal ion adsorbs component.

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heavy metal ion adsorption member, including a first porous substrate and a chitosan fiber membrane or a chitosan derivative fiber membrane disposed on at least one surface of the first porous substrate.

In the heavy metal ion adsorption member of the present invention, a chitosan fiber membrane or a chitosan derivative fiber membrane is formed on at least one surface of the first porous substrate. Wherein amino, hydroxyl and other groups in the molecule of the chitosan or the chitosan derivative can react with a plurality of metal ions (such as Hg)²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺Etc.) to form stable chelate so as to realize the adsorption of heavy metal ions; the chitosan fiber membrane or the chitosan derivative fiber membrane is used for realizing the adsorption of heavy metal ions, the adsorption process is safe, quick, efficient and low in cost, and in addition, the problem of material recovery after adsorption can be solved. When in use, the heavy metal ion adsorption component is buried in the ground to a certain depth for adsorbing the heavy metal ions; after a certain period of time has elapsed, the heavy metal ion adsorbing member is taken out from the ground, and the fibrous membrane is peeled off from the porous substrate and then collectively treated.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an adsorb the component and have following beneficial effect at least:

(1) chitosan fiber membrane or chitosan derivative fiber membrane can play the effect of fertilizer for the plant, can decompose animal and plant residual body and trace metal element in the soil again to turn into the nutrient of plant with it, reinforcing plant immunity, therefore the utility model discloses a heavy metal ion adsorbs the component and can bury in soil for a long time.

(2) The utility model discloses a heavy metal ion adsorbs component can bury the different degree of depth in the underground according to the requirement of different crops, has very high flexibility.

(3) The heavy metal ion adsorption component of the utility model can be taken out from the ground regularly, thereby completely removing the heavy metal ions from the soil environment, and having the recycling controllability; and the porous substrate can be used repeatedly, thereby greatly saving the soil treatment cost.

(4) The fiber membrane absorbed with heavy metal ions can be treated in a centralized way, and secondary pollution can not be caused.

As the improvement, chitosan fiber membrane or chitosan derivative fiber membrane are kept away from first porous substrate is equipped with the porous substrate of second on the surface to form sandwich structure's adsorption component, make the utility model discloses an adsorption component structure is compacter reliable, stability in use also better.

In the heavy metal ion adsorption member according to an embodiment of the present invention, the chitosan fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan fiber membrane, and the chitosan derivative fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan derivative fiber membrane. The electrostatic spinning chitosan fiber membrane or the electrostatic spinning chitosan derivative fiber membrane has large specific surface area and better adsorption function on heavy metal ions; meanwhile, the pores among the fibers are adjustable, and the fibers are permeable and breathable, so that the planting of crops and the like in soil above the fibers is not delayed, the roots of the crops are not damaged, and the method is safe and reliable.

In the heavy metal ion adsorption member provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 to 40 μm; the fiber aperture of the fiber membrane is 100 nanometers to 50 micrometers; the fiber diameter of the fiber membrane is 3-5 microns.

In the heavy metal ion adsorption member according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are each independently selected from a metal mesh substrate or a polymer plastic mesh substrate. The porous substrate has the function of increasing the mechanical property of the material and ensuring the water and air permeability of the material.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heavy metal ion adsorbing member according to a first embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heavy metal ion adsorbing member according to a second embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, detailed descriptions will be given below for various embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in various embodiments of the invention, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

The first embodiment of the present invention provides a heavy metal ion adsorption member, the schematic structural diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, including a first porous substrate 1 and a chitosan fiber membrane 2 disposed on one surface of the first porous substrate 1, the first porous substrate 1 in this embodiment is a metal mesh substrate.

In the heavy metal ion adsorbing member according to this embodiment, a water-insoluble chitosan fiber film is provided on the surface of the first porous substrate. Amino, hydroxyl and other groups in chitosan biomolecules can react with many metal ions (such as Hg)²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺Etc.) to form stable chelate so as to realize the adsorption of heavy metal ions; the fertilizer can not only play a role of fertilizer for plants, but also decompose animal and plant residues and trace metal elements in soil, convert the animal and plant residues and trace metal elements into nutrients of the plants and enhance the immunity of the plants. The chitosan fiber membrane is used for realizing the adsorption of heavy metal ions, and the adsorption process is safe, quick and highHigh effect and low cost. In addition, the metal grid substrate has the functions of increasing the mechanical property of the material, ensuring the water permeability and the air permeability of the material and solving the problem of recycling the adsorbed material.

When in use, the heavy metal ion adsorption member of the embodiment is buried in the ground to a certain depth to adsorb heavy metal ions; after a period of time, the heavy metal ion adsorption member is taken out from the ground, and the electrospun fiber membrane is stripped from the porous substrate and then is treated in a centralized manner.

The adsorption effect of the adsorption member of the present embodiment on heavy metal ions was examined by a Tessier extraction method or a BCR extraction method.

And (3) detection results: heavy metal ion adsorbing Member of the present example for Cu²⁺、Hg²⁺、Ni²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cr⁶⁺、Ni²⁺The like all have good adsorption effect, and the removal rate is more than 95%.

The second embodiment of the present invention is an improvement of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, specifically, in the first embodiment, a second porous substrate 3 is further disposed on a surface of the chitosan fiber membrane 2 away from the first porous substrate 1, and the second porous substrate 3 is also a metal mesh substrate, thereby forming an adsorption member with a sandwich structure.

The sandwich structure formed by the above structure makes the adsorption member structure of the embodiment more compact and reliable, and the use stability is better.

The third embodiment of the present invention is a modification of the first and second embodiments. Specifically, in addition to the first and second embodiments, a chitosan derivative fiber film is used instead of the chitosan fiber film, and a polymer plastic mesh substrate is used instead of the metal mesh substrate.

The chitosan derivative fiber membrane which is also water-insoluble is the same as the chitosan fiber membrane, and amino, hydroxyl and other groups in the biological molecule can react with a plurality of metal ions (such as Hg)²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺Etc.) to form stable chelate so as to realize the adsorption of heavy metal ions; not only canThe fertilizer plays a role of fertilizer for plants, can decompose animal and plant residues and trace metal elements in soil, converts the animal and plant residues and trace metal elements into nutrients of the plants and enhances the immunity of the plants. The polymer plastic grid substrate can also play the same role as the metal grid substrate, thereby increasing the mechanical property of the material, ensuring the water and air permeability of the material and solving the problem of recycling the adsorbed material.

The fourth embodiment of the present invention is a further improvement of the third embodiment. Specifically, in the heavy metal ion adsorbing member according to the present embodiment, the chitosan fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan fiber membrane, and the chitosan derivative fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan derivative fiber membrane.

Wherein the thickness of the fiber membrane is 5-40 micrometers; the fiber aperture of the fiber membrane is 100 nanometers to 50 micrometers; the fiber diameter of the fiber membrane is 3-5 microns.

The electrostatic spinning chitosan fiber membrane or the electrostatic spinning chitosan derivative fiber membrane has large specific surface area and better adsorption function on heavy metal ions; meanwhile, the pores among the fibers are adjustable, and the fibers are permeable and breathable, so that the planting of crops and the like in soil above the fibers is not delayed, the roots of the crops are not damaged, and the method is safe and reliable.

And (3) detection results: heavy metal ion adsorbing Member of the present example for Cu²⁺、Hg²⁺、Ni²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cr⁶⁺、Ni²⁺The like all have good adsorption effect, and the removal rate is more than 97.5 percent.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in its practical application.

Claims

1. A heavy metal ion adsorption member is characterized by comprising a first porous substrate and a chitosan fiber membrane or a chitosan derivative fiber membrane arranged on at least one surface of the first porous substrate.

2. The heavy metal ion-adsorbing member according to claim 1, wherein a second porous substrate is provided on a surface of the chitosan fiber membrane or chitosan derivative fiber membrane remote from the first porous substrate.

3. The heavy metal ion adsorption member according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan fiber membrane.

4. The heavy metal ion-adsorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan derivative fiber membrane is an electrospun chitosan derivative fiber membrane.

5. The heavy metal ion adsorption member according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 to 40 μm.

6. The heavy metal ion-adsorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the fiber pore size of the fiber membrane is 100 nm to 50 μm.

7. The heavy metal ion adsorption member according to claim 1, wherein the fiber membrane has a fiber diameter of 3 to 5 μm.

8. The heavy metal ion adsorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are each independently selected from a metal mesh substrate or a polymer plastic mesh substrate.