CN210906964U

CN210906964U - Device for grading spherical fruits

Info

Publication number: CN210906964U
Application number: CN201921783517.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张刘炜; 王海滨; 苟青山; 王枫辉; 李森; 宁语苹
Original assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Current assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Priority date: 2019-01-04
Filing date: 2019-10-22
Publication date: 2020-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a be used for hierarchical device of spherical fruit belongs to fruit technical field. The fruit grading device comprises an upper baffle tongue, a lower baffle tongue, a grading cylinder, a supporting plate, a spring, a guide rail, a crank and rocker mechanism, a secondary grading mechanism and the like. When the fruit enters the grading cylinder, the gravity on the fruit changes along with the mass of the fruit, and the pressure on the spring is different, so that the fruit is used as the main principle of grading. Combine mechanical structure and characteristics such as crank rocker mechanism, can be automatic accomplish the screening classification to the fruit that gets into hierarchical drum, it is efficient, with low costs, degree of automation is high to can be applicable to numerous kinds of fruit, application scope is wide.

Description

Device for grading spherical fruits

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruits, in particular to a spherical fruit grading device.

Background

As is known to all, most of ripe fruits have short storage period and are particularly easy to rot and deteriorate, so in order to ensure the freshness and the maximum economic benefit of the fruits, the fruits are immediately classified after being picked, most commonly classified according to weight, and calibrated at different prices to be put into the market for sale. At the present stage, most fruit growers generally adopt an artificial grading mode to screen fruits, the artificial grading efficiency is low, the subjective factor influence is large, the error is large, and the fruits cannot be screened and graded strictly according to weight. In addition, with the reduction of the number of the labor force in China, the labor cost is increased day by day, and the manual grading is not suitable for the long-term development of large orchards.

The fruit grading plant that this patent relates is exactly to the fruit after the maturity, divides out different grades according to its weight, and the principle is mainly according to utilizing hooke's law: the spring is stressed by different forces, and the deformation quantity of the spring is different. The fruits with different weights are subjected to different gravity forces, and the pressure to the spring force is also different, so that the compression deformation of the springs is different, and the weight grading screening is realized according to the compression deformation of the springs. The existing fruit grader uses various sensors in a large quantity, has high requirement on the accuracy of the sensors, greatly increases the cost of the machine, and the sensors are easy to cause great errors due to slight vibration and displacement.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a device for spherical fruit is hierarchical, it can overcome some defects of current fruit grader, has reduced workman's intensity of labour, produces higher economic benefits to fruit grower.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a device for grading spherical fruits is mainly internally provided with a primary grading mechanism and a secondary grading mechanism, and grading modules can be added continuously according to the requirements of users. The primary grading mechanism is fixed in the device, and the secondary grading mechanism is fixed in the device or on the ground. Wherein, the primary grading mechanism is connected with the secondary grading mechanism through a guide rail (made of soft elastic material). The upper part of the grading cylinder is provided with an upper baffle tongue, the lower part of the grading cylinder is provided with a lower baffle tongue, the upper baffle tongue is obliquely arranged downwards, the lower baffle tongue is obliquely arranged upwards, a supporting plate and a spring are arranged inside the grading cylinder, the upper end of the spring is connected with the supporting plate, the lower end of the spring is fixed on a machine body, the fixed end of a crank rocker mechanism is fixed on the machine body, the rocker end is connected to the left side of the bottom of the grading cylinder, the crank rocker mechanism is composed of a crank, a sliding block 1, a sliding block 2 and a rocker, the crank is connected with the sliding block 2 through a pin shaft, the sliding block 2 is sleeved on the rocker, the rocker is connected with.

Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the first-stage mechanism and the second-stage mechanism (or multi-stage) adopt a modular concept, the grading mechanism is simple in principle, the first-stage grading mechanism is connected with the second-stage grading mechanism through a guide rail (made of soft elastic materials), and the joint is fixed by a pressing type hook and is easy to install and disassemble. The user can adjust (increase or reduce the grader number) according to the actual hierarchical demand of self to fruit, and is convenient nimble.

Furthermore, each grading mechanism has a screening value, and fruits entering the grading cylinder can be divided into three categories according to weight: far greater than the screening value, greater than the screening value and less than the screening value. When the weight of the fruit is far larger than the value, the spring is pressed to be short enough, the lower surface of the supporting plate is contacted with the lower baffle tongue, the supporting plate inclines due to the blocking of the baffle tongue, the left side is high, the right side is low, and the fruit rolls from the right side to the right side guide rail to enter the lower-stage grading module or the discharge port. When the weight of the fruit is less than or slightly greater than the screening value, the crank of the crank-rocker mechanism starts to rotate under the driving of the external motor and drives the grading cylinder to vertically move downwards and then vertically move upwards. The vertical downward movement process can separate fruits with weight less than the screening value: after the upper baffle tongue is contacted with the upper surface of the supporting plate, the supporting plate is inclined, the right side is higher than the left side, and the fruit rolls out from a left hole; the vertical upward movement process can separate fruits with weight greater than the screening value: after the lower baffle tongue is contacted with the lower surface of the supporting plate, the supporting plate is inclined due to the blocking effect of the lower baffle tongue, the left side is higher than the right side, and fruits roll out from the left side through the left hole.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a fruit grading device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the stepped actuator after half-section;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the crank and rocker mechanism.

Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 is as follows:

1, an upper blocking tongue; 2, a lower baffle tongue; 3, a grading cylinder; 4, supporting plates; 5, a spring; 6, a guide rail; 7 crank rocker mechanism; 8, a lower grading module or a discharge hole is connected; 9 a secondary grading module; 10, a crank; 11 a slide block 1; 12, a slide block 2; 13 rocker.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The invention provides a spherical fruit grading device, which is used for grading fruits in different weight ranges as shown in figure 1. Because the fruits with different qualities have different gravity, the springs have different deformation due to different stress. Each grading mechanism has a screening value, and can be divided into three categories according to weight: far greater than the screening value, greater than or equal to the screening value and less than the screening value. When the weight of the fruit is far larger than the value, the spring 5 is pressed to be short enough, the fruit and the supporting plate 4 can fall to the lower part of the grading cylinder, the lower surface of the supporting plate 4 can contact and collide with the lower retaining tongue 2, the supporting plate 4 is inclined due to the blocking of the lower retaining tongue 2, the left side is higher than the right side, and the fruit rolls out of the guide rail 6 from the left hole on the right side. When the weight of the fruit is less than or slightly greater than the screening value, the spring is compressed by a portion, the support plate 4 does not fall down to contact the stop tongue 2, and the fruit stays in the grading cylinder 3. The position of the support plate 4 in the grading cylinder reflects the weight of the fruit. At this time, the external motor works, the crank 10 of the crank rocker mechanism 7 starts to rotate under the driving of the external motor, and drives the grading cylinder 3 to move vertically downwards and then vertically upwards. During the vertical descent of the classifying cylinder 3, the fruits with a weight less than the screening value can be separated: the upper baffle tongue 1 descends along with the grading cylinder 3, contacts with the upper surface of the supporting plate 4 and enables the supporting plate 4 to incline, the right side is higher than the left side, the fruit rolls out from a left side reserved hole, the descending stroke of the cylinder is determined according to a screening value, the position where the upper baffle tongue 1 can contact is just the position where the supporting plate is located when the weight of the fruit is smaller than the screening value, and when the grading cylinder 3 reaches the bottom end of the stroke, the fruit slightly larger than or equal to the screening value is still remained in the grading cylinder 3; the vertical upward movement process can separate fruits with the weight more than or equal to the screening value: the lower baffle tongue 2 moves vertically upwards along with the grading cylinder 3, and can contact and collide with the lower surface of the supporting plate 4 after rising to a certain height, due to the impact effect of the lower baffle tongue 2, the supporting plate inclines, the left side is higher, the right side is lower, and fruits roll out from the left side through a hole.

Claims

1. A device for spherical fruit grading is characterized in that: comprises an upper baffle tongue (1), a lower baffle tongue (2), a grading cylinder (3), a supporting plate (4), a spring (5), a guide rail (6), a crank and rocker mechanism (7) and a secondary grading module (9), the upper portion of hierarchical drum (3) has upper fender tongue (1), the lower part has lower fender tongue (2), hierarchical drum (3) with last fender tongue (1) keep off tongue (2) down through welded connection, on keep off tongue (1) and set up downwards to one side, keep off tongue (2) and set up upwards to one side down, there are backup pad (4) and spring (5) inside of hierarchical drum (3), the upper end of spring (5) is through round pin hub connection backup pad (4), the lower extreme is fixed on the organism, the stiff end of crank rocker mechanism (7) is fixed on the organism, the rocker end connects in the bottom left side of hierarchical drum (3), the upper end and the lower extreme of guide rail (6) are connected respectively on the discharge gate of hierarchical drum (3) and the feed inlet of secondary grading module (9) through the push type couple.

2. An apparatus for grading spherical fruit according to claim 1, wherein: the guide rail (6) is made of a soft elastic material.

3. An apparatus for grading spherical fruit according to claim 1, wherein: the crank and rocker mechanism (7) comprises a crank (10), a sliding block 1(11), a sliding block 2(12) and a rocker (13), the crank (10) is connected with the sliding block 2(12) through a pin shaft, the sliding block 2(12) is sleeved on the rocker (13), the rocker (13) is connected with the sliding block 1(11) through a pin shaft, and the crank and rocker mechanism (7) can drive the grading cylinder (3) to reciprocate.