CN210904331U - Hemodialyzer for high-flux hemodialysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hemodialysis ware for high flux hemodialysis, including having four open-ended shells, establishing a large amount of filtration passageways in the shell, be used for two shutoff pieces at shutoff filtration passageway both ends, be used for carrying out the reposition of redundant personnel piece of reposition of redundant personnel to the dislysate, the main part appearance of shell presents wavy structure, filtration passageway is the wave, the shutoff piece is middle high, the hillock column structure that hangs down all around, the reposition of redundant personnel piece has only entry and a plurality of diffluence pass for introduce and reposition of redundant personnel dislysate, the utility model discloses simple structure can prolong dialysis time, make full use of filter medium, improve dialysis efficiency, has fine economic value and social.

Description

Hemodialyzer for high-flux hemodialysis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, concretely relates to hemodialyzer for high flux hemodialysis.

Background

The dialyzer is composed of hollow fibers made of chemical materials, numerous small holes are distributed on each hollow fiber, blood flows through the inside of the hollow fibers during dialysis, dialysate flows through the outside of idle fibers in a reverse direction, solutes and water in small molecules in the blood/dialysate are exchanged through the small holes on the hollow fibers, the final result of the exchange is that toxins, electrolytes and redundant water in the blood enter the dialysate to be removed, and bicarbonate radicals and electrolytes in the dialysate enter the blood, so that the aims of removing toxins and water, maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing internal environment are fulfilled. The total area of the entire hollow fiber, the exchange area, determines the capacity of small molecule species to pass through, while the size of the membrane pore size determines the capacity of medium and large molecules to pass through.

The high-flux dialysis is hemodialysis by utilizing a dialyzer with high permeability to solutes, moisture and other substances, the ultrafiltration coefficient of the high-flux hemodialysis is high, and the removal of large and medium molecular toxins is good, but the currently used dialysis membrane has large aperture and high ultrafiltration coefficient, and the high-flux dialysis also has some defects in practical use, such as the reduction of physical functions of patients is easily caused due to the excessively high dialysis speed; meanwhile, blood flows into the filtering medium, generally a hollow pore of the cellulose membrane, from the inlet through the plugging piece, and due to the principle of hydrodynamics, the blood is easily concentrated in the middle cellulose membrane, and the utilization rate of the cellulose membrane at the edge is not high; meanwhile, the dialysate generally enters and exits from the side wall, so that the cellulose membrane flow of the dialysate at the edge is larger, and the overall dialysis efficiency is not high.

Chinese invention CN201810722810.6 discloses an internal filtration enhanced dialyzer, comprising an outer shell and hollow fiber membrane tows, wherein the inner wall of the outer shell is provided with at least one pressure reducing ring, the pressure reducing ring comprises spherical protrusions which are integrally formed with the outer shell and are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the inner wall of the outer shell, and an arc-shaped guide plate is arranged on the opposite side of each spherical protrusion and the flow direction of dialysate, which has the advantage of increasing the internal filtration efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art's shortcoming, provide a hemodialysis ware device for high flux hemodialysis, have extension dialysis time, make full use of filter medium, improve the advantage of dialysis efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a hemodialyzer for high-flux hemodialysis comprises a shell with four openings, a large number of filtering channels arranged in the shell, two blocking pieces for blocking two ends of the filtering channels, and a shunting piece for shunting dialysate, wherein the four openings of the shell are respectively used for introducing and discharging blood and dialysate; the main part appearance of shell presents wavy structure, it is the wave to filter the passageway, shell, filter the advantage that the passageway design becomes wavy have two: firstly, turbulence is caused by collision when liquid flows through, so that the whole liquid flow path is increased, the contact area of dialysis is increased, the material exchange is facilitated, the dialysis time is prolonged, and discomfort of a patient caused by blood change in a short time is avoided; secondly, the wave shape is formed by a plurality of circular arcs, so that accumulation and dead points of liquid are avoided, coagulation caused by accumulation is avoided, and the flushing is easy to clean during flushing;

the blocking parts are of hill-shaped structures with high middle parts and low peripheries, the blocking parts are arranged at two ends of the filtering channel, the farthest ends of the filtering channel are respectively flush with the farthest ends of the two blocking parts, the structures with high middle parts and low two sides are designed to ensure that blood flows through to the two sides due to hydrodynamics after the blood flows in, the filtering channel at the edge is fully utilized, and meanwhile, when the blood is continuously dialyzed, the blood flow can be continuously pressed into the filtering channel at the edge due to the lower two sides of the blocking parts, namely the water head pressure at the edge is higher; the shunt part is provided with a single inlet and a plurality of shunt ports for introducing and shunting the dialysate, so that the dialysate can be sufficiently dispersed, and the dialysate is prevented from flowing only at the edge.

Preferably, the housing has a blood inlet and a blood outlet at each end, the blood inlet, and the housing also has a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet on the side near the ends, the inlet of the shunt being inserted into the dialysate inlet.

Preferably, the shunt member comprises an inlet, an annular part and a short pipe, the diameter of the annular part is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the housing, the diameter of the specific annular part can be smaller than 0.2-0.5cm of the inner diameter of the housing, a plurality of shunt ports are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the annular part, the annular part can enable the dialysate to uniformly flow out from the inner wall of the dialyzer, an opening is formed in the position, opposite to the inlet, of the annular part, a short pipe is led out along the diameter direction, a plurality of shunt ports are distributed on the short pipe, the length of the short pipe is self-arranged, but preferably not shorter than the radius, and the short pipe can enable the dialysate to flow out from the middle position of the dialyzer.

Preferably, the branch member is a branch structure with a branch point, and can be designed into a cross branch or a triangular branch, and the branch extends into the inner side of the filtering channel and is provided with a plurality of branch openings, so that the material consumption is low.

Preferably, the filtration channel is in particular one of the following: hollow fiber membrane, modified fiber membrane, polysulfone membrane, and polyethersulfone membrane.

Preferably, the wave curvature of the filtration channel is the same as the wave curvature of the housing, so that the design is to avoid additional gaps due to shape mismatch, or deformation or squeezing of the filtration channel, which would otherwise reduce dialysis efficiency.

Preferably, the blood inlet, the blood outlet, the dialysate inlet and the dialysate inlet are all covered with sterilization caps, and the sterilization caps are made of medical sterile plastics to avoid bacteria from invading the dialyzer.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: (1) the design of the wavy filtering channel and the shell can prolong the dialysis path and increase the dialysis efficiency; meanwhile, the dialysis time is prolonged, and the discomfort of the patient is avoided; (2) the tongue tip of the plugging piece with high middle and low periphery avoids the concentrated blood flow from passing through the filtering channel at the middle part, and increases the utilization rate of the filtering channel at the edge; (3) the design of the shunt piece improves the dispersion state of the dialysate and improves the flow of the dialysate in the middle of the dialyzer; (4) the utility model discloses simple structure, the cost is lower, has fine social value and economic benefits.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a flow divider according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the splitter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-shell, 11-blood inlet, 12-blood outlet, 13-dialysate inlet, 14-dialysate outlet, 2-filtration channel, 3-blocking piece, 4-shunt piece, 41-inlet, 42-ring part, 43-short pipe, 44-shunt port.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, a hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis comprises a housing 1 having four openings, a plurality of filtration channels 2 provided in the housing 1, two blocking members 3 for blocking both ends of the filtration channels 2, and a flow dividing member 4 for dividing dialysate.

The two ends of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a blood inlet 11 and a blood outlet 12 for introducing and discharging blood, the side surface of the shell 1 close to the two ends is also provided with a dialysate inlet 13 and a dialysate outlet 14 for introducing and discharging dialysate, the blood inlet 11, the blood outlet 12, the dialysate inlet 13 and the dialysate inlet 14 are all covered with a sterilizing cap, the sterilizing cap is made of medical sterile plastics and prevents bacteria from invading into the dialyzer, and the inlet 41 of the shunt 4 is embedded into the dialysate inlet 13; the main body of the shell 1 is in a wave-shaped structure.

The filtering channel 2 is wavy, and the wave curvature of the filtering channel is the same as that of the shell 1, so that the design is to avoid extra gaps caused by mismatching of shapes or the deformation or extrusion of the filtering channel 2, but reduce the dialysis efficiency, and the filtering channel 2 is specifically a polysulfone membrane which has high ultrafiltration rate, less complement activation, excellent acid and alkali resistance, heat resistance and antibacterial performance and is one of the mainstream dialysis membrane types; the advantages of the wave-shaped design of the housing 1 and the filter channel 2 are two: firstly, turbulence is caused by collision when liquid flows through, so that the whole liquid flow path is increased, the contact area of dialysis is increased, the material exchange is facilitated, the dialysis time is prolonged, and discomfort of a patient caused by blood change in a short time is avoided; secondly, the wave shape is formed by a plurality of circular arcs, thereby avoiding accumulation and dead points of liquid, avoiding coagulation caused by accumulation and being easier to wash clean during washing.

The blocking piece 3 is of a hill-shaped structure with a high middle part and low periphery, the blocking pieces 3 are arranged at two ends of the filtering channel 2, the farthest ends of the filtering channel 2 are flush with the farthest ends of the two blocking pieces 3 respectively, the structure with the high middle part and the low two sides is designed to ensure that blood flows through the two sides due to hydrodynamics after the blood flows in, the filtering channel at the edge is fully utilized, and meanwhile, when the blood is continuously dialyzed, the blood flow can be continuously pressed into the filtering medium at the edge due to the lower two sides of the blocking piece 3, namely the water head pressure at the edge is higher; the flow dividing element 4 has a single inlet 41 and a plurality of dividing openings 44 for introducing and dividing the dialysate, which helps the dialysate to be dispersed sufficiently, and prevents the dialysate from flowing only at the edges.

Referring to fig. 2, the shunt 4 comprises an inlet 41, an annular part 42, a short tube 43, the diameter of the annular part 42 is less than 0.3cm of the inner diameter of the housing 1, a plurality of shunt ports 44 are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the annular part 42, the annular part 42 can make the dialysate uniformly flow out from the inner wall of the dialyzer, an opening is arranged on the position of the annular part 42 opposite to the inlet 41 and a short tube 43 along the diameter direction is led out, a plurality of shunt ports 44 are distributed on the short tube 43, the length of the short tube 43 is self-arranged, preferably not less than the radius of 42, and the short tube 3 can make the dialysate flow out from the middle position of the dialyzer.

Example 2:

example 2 differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 3, the shunt 4 is a branch structure with a branch point, specifically a cross-shaped branch, one side of which is used as an inlet, and the other three sides of which are inserted into three different directions, respectively, and the intersection point of the cross-shaped branch is approximately located at the center of the cross section of the dialyzer, and the whole cross-shaped branch has a plurality of shunt ports 44, so that the dialysate entering from the inlet can flow out from the different shunt ports 44, thereby achieving the shunt of the dialysate.

The filtering channel 2 is specifically a polyether sulfone membrane, compared with a polysulfone membrane, the polyether sulfone membrane has higher biocompatibility, does not generate methyl free radicals during disinfection, and has higher cost.

The rest of the structure of embodiment 2 is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis, comprising a housing (1) having four openings, a large number of filtration channels (2) provided in the housing (1), two blocking members (3) for blocking both ends of the filtration channels (2), a flow dividing member (4) for dividing dialysate, characterized in that: the main part appearance of shell (1) presents the wavy structure, filtering channel (2) are the wave, shutoff piece (3) are middle high, the hillock column structure that hangs down all around, reposition of redundant personnel piece (4) have only entry (41) and a plurality of diffluence pass (44) for introduce and reposition of redundant personnel dislysate.

2. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the shell (1) are respectively provided with a blood inlet (11) and a blood outlet (12), the side surface of the shell (1) close to the two ends is also provided with a dialysate inlet (13) and a dialysate outlet (14), and the inlet (41) of the shunt (4) is embedded into the dialysate inlet (13).

3. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: the flow dividing piece (4) comprises an inlet (41), an annular part (42) and a short pipe (43), the diameter of the annular part (42) is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell (1), a plurality of flow dividing ports (44) are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the annular part (42), an opening exists in the position, opposite to the inlet (41), of the annular part (42), the short pipe (43) is led out in the diameter direction, and a plurality of flow dividing ports (44) are distributed on the short pipe (43).

4. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: the branch piece (4) is of a branch structure with a branch point, the branch of the branch structure extends into the inner side of the filtering channel (2) and is provided with a plurality of branch openings (44).

5. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filtering channel (2) is specifically one of the following: hollow fiber membranes, modified (PEG) fiber membranes, polysulfone membranes, polyethersulfone membranes.

6. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wave curvature of the filtering channel (2) is the same as that of the shell (1).

7. A hemodialyzer for high-throughput hemodialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: the blood inlet (11), the blood outlet (12), the dialysate inlet (13) and the dialysate outlet (14) are all covered with a sterilization cap.

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