CN210856031U

CN210856031U - Automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel by using waste and miscellaneous wood materials

Info

Publication number: CN210856031U
Application number: CN201921342519.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王�华; 王智峰; 江凤凤; 谢奕斌; 蔡伟强; 蔡少文
Original assignee: Xiamen Luhai Environment Protection Co ltd; Zhangzhou Luhai Environment Protection Industry Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Luhai Environment Protection Co ltd; Zhangzhou Luhai Environment Protection Industry Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-19
Filing date: 2019-08-19
Publication date: 2020-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel by utilizing waste and miscellaneous wood materials, which comprises a crushing system, a conveying system and a granulator, wherein the crushing system comprises a hammering type crusher, a wood block bin and a blade type crusher, a feed inlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a feed conveyer, a discharge outlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a discharge conveyer, the discharge conveyer is connected with the wood block bin, and the discharge conveyer is provided with a deironing device; the lower part of the wood block bin conveys materials to the blade type pulverizer through the airflow of a plurality of first screw conveyors; the outer side of the hammering type pulverizer is provided with a separation chamber, and the upper part of the separation chamber is connected with a first dust remover through a negative pressure air pipe; the conveying system comprises a negative pressure conveying pipe, a cyclone separator, a sawdust powder bin and a second dust remover, and the conveying system conveys sawdust powder at the discharge port of the blade type grinder to a granulator for extrusion granulation. The utility model discloses degree of automation is high, can ensure the biomass fuel stable quality of preparation to make the workplace satisfy environmental protection, healthy, safe requirement.

Description

Automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel by using waste and miscellaneous wood materials

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of useless miscellaneous timber treatment facility manufacture technique and specifically relates to an utilize useless miscellaneous timber preparation biomass fuel's automation line.

Background

With the advance of urbanization, a large amount of waste wood materials are generated in the decoration and removal processes of cities, and the waste wood materials are either buried to occupy a large amount of land or directly taken for combustion, but the heat value generated by direct combustion is not high, and the pollution to the atmosphere is generated. Therefore, people begin to research how to process the waste and miscellaneous wood materials, and at present, a feasible method is to crush the waste and miscellaneous wood materials and then perform compression granulation to obtain biomass fuel and form environment-friendly fuel with higher calorific value, so that the method provides environment-friendly fuel for various small and medium boilers, reduces the emission of dust, and is a good scheme for resource environment-friendly utilization.

But the waste miscellaneous wood materials recovered through life are made into biomass fuel, and at least three links of crushing the waste miscellaneous wood materials into wood chip powder, conveying the wood chip powder and extruding and granulating the wood chip powder are needed. Since the waste wood materials recovered in daily life are complicated in composition and generally include various raw wood, artificial plywood, artificial fiberboard, decorative strips, iron nails, screws, handles, various nails for nail guns, etc., there are three main problems from crushing to pelletizing:

firstly, there is the workplace environmental protection safety problem, and useless miscellaneous timber is big in the noise of smashing the in-process, and dust pollution is serious, has environmental protection, health, safe explosion-proof problem.

And secondly, the waste wood is recycled in life, and the water content and the fiber length of the waste wood recycled in different batches, different places and different seasons are different, so that the quality of wood chip powder formed after crushing is unstable, and the quality of biomass fuel formed by granulation is unstable.

Thirdly, because the components of the domestic recycled waste wood are complex, the blades of the pulverizer are easily damaged due to the existence of some metals in the pulverizing stage; the presence of larger metals during the extrusion granulation stage can make the compression die susceptible to cracking and bursting. The normal operation of the whole production can be influenced, the yield is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the biomass fuel is improved.

In the existing waste wood processing equipment, no production equipment capable of better processing the three problems exists. Therefore, the present invention has been proposed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an utilize useless miscellaneous timber preparation biomass fuel's automation line, its degree of automation is high, can ensure the biomass fuel steady quality of preparation to make the workplace satisfy environmental protection, healthy, safe explosion-proof requirement.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: an automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel by using waste and miscellaneous wood materials comprises a crushing system, a conveying system and a granulator, wherein the crushing system comprises a hammering type crusher and a blade type crusher, a feed inlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a feed conveyor, a discharge outlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a discharge conveyor, an output end of the discharge conveyor is connected with the upper part of a wood block bin, and a deironing device is arranged on the discharge conveyor; the lower part of the wood block bin is provided with a plurality of first spiral conveyors, the feed end of each first spiral conveyor is communicated with the inner space of the wood block bin, the discharge end of each first spiral conveyor is connected with the feed inlet of the blade type crusher, and a plurality of first spiral conveyor wheels flow to convey materials;

the outer side of the hammering type crusher is provided with a separation chamber, the part of the separation chamber covered by the material feeding conveyor and the material discharging conveyor is connected with a first dust remover through a negative pressure air pipe, the middle of the negative pressure air pipe is provided with a first fan, and the first fan enables negative pressure to be generated in the separation chamber;

the conveying system comprises a negative pressure conveying pipe, a cyclone separator and a second dust remover, wherein one end of the negative pressure conveying pipe is connected with a discharge port of the blade type crusher, the other end of the negative pressure conveying pipe is connected with a side gas inlet of the cyclone separator, a gas outlet at the upper part of the cyclone separator is connected with a second fan exhaust inlet, and a second fan air outlet is connected with the second dust remover through a pipeline; the discharge port at the lower part of the cyclone separator is connected with the feed end of a second screw conveyor through an air-lock valve, and the discharge end of the second screw conveyor sends out sawdust powder to be extruded and granulated through a granulator.

The conveying system is further improved, the conveying system further comprises a sawdust bin, and the discharge end of the second spiral conveyor is connected with the upper part of the sawdust bin; a third screw conveyor is arranged at the lower part of the sawdust bin, the feeding end of the third screw conveyor is communicated with the inner space of the sawdust bin, and the discharging end of the third screw conveyor is connected with the feeding hole of the granulator;

the dust cleaning port of the second dust remover is connected with the air suction port of a third fan through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the third fan is connected with the upper part of the sawdust bin through a pipeline; the wood chip powder bin is internally provided with a stirring tool driven by a motor.

By the arrangement of the sawdust powder bin, most of coarse sawdust powder falls into the lower part of the cyclone separator after the sawdust powder enters the cyclone separator, and then the sawdust powder is conveyed into the sawdust powder bin through the first spiral conveyor; some thinner saw-dust powder passes through the gas outlet in cyclone upper portion and is caught by the second dust remover through the pipeline, and these thinner saw-dust powder are also sent into the saw-dust powder storehouse through third fan and pipeline after the second dust remover deashing, and thick saw-dust powder and thinner saw-dust powder mix through the stirring of stirring instrument and form the saw-dust powder of stable quality in the saw-dust powder storehouse, and these saw-dust powder rethread third screw conveyer send into the granulator and pelletize. On one hand, the broken sawdust powder can be better utilized, the loss of the sawdust powder is reduced, and the quality of the sawdust powder can be further ensured.

And furthermore, a plurality of third screw conveyors are arranged at the lower part of the sawdust bin, and the discharge end of each third screw conveyor is connected with the feed inlet of one granulator. To further improve the granulation efficiency.

The wood chip powder bin is further improved, the bottom of the wood chip powder bin and the third spiral conveyor are inclined to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the bottom of the wood chip powder bin is the same as that of the third spiral conveyor. So as to facilitate the feeding of the third screw conveyor.

Preferably, the stirring tool comprises a stirring shaft driven by a motor, and a plurality of stirring blades extending along the radial direction are arranged on the stirring shaft.

Preferably, the first dust remover and the second dust remover are cloth bag dust removers.

The further improvement is that a first screen is arranged below the crushing chamber of the hammering type crusher, and the mesh number of the first screen is 3-4 meshes; and a second screen is arranged below the crushing chamber of the blade type crusher, and the mesh number of the second screen is 12-14 meshes. Like this through the mesh size of reasonable setting first screen cloth, can make the most little billet particle diameter control of hammering after smashing about 50mm, firstly make little billet size can be better by the automatic conveying of discharging conveyer, secondly the great piece metal can drop as far as and be adsorbed by deironing device, thirdly alleviates the loss of follow-up blade crusher cutter. Can control the particle size of most saw-dust powder about 1.2mm through the mesh size of reasonable setting second screen cloth, be convenient for mix with the further of metal and get rid of, do benefit to granulator extrusion pelletization, also can reduce the wearing and tearing of blade formula rubbing crusher blade, protect the extrusion die of granulator, further increase of production.

Preferably, the blade mill is arranged under the ground; so as to facilitate the arrangement of equipment and reduce the overflow of dust. The diameter of the negative pressure material conveying pipe is preferably 250 mm-300 mm. To ensure that 3 to 4 tonnes of chip powder can be delivered per hour.

The negative pressure conveying pipe comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is connected with a discharge port of the blade type crusher, the lower end of the vertical section is connected with the horizontal section, a material settling section extends downwards from the joint of the vertical section and the horizontal section, and a material cleaning gate is arranged on the material settling section. Like this, the in-process of saw-dust powder rebound in vertical section, some heavier metal or other materials that are mingled with in the saw-dust powder will subside to the material and subside in the section, then clear away through opening the clear material gate, can better clear away the impurity such as metal in the saw-dust powder, further improve the quality of saw-dust powder, protect granulator's extrusion die.

Still further, one side of the horizontal section, which is far away from the vertical section, is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected with an air outlet of a fourth fan, and air pressure generated by the fourth fan assists in pushing sawdust powder at a discharge port of the blade type grinder to move. When the saw-dust powder piles up more or because of the saw-dust powder moisture absorption is heavier, guarantee through the auxiliary transportation of fourth fan that the saw-dust powder can reliably be carried through the negative pressure conveying pipeline.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

1. through hammering formula rubbing crusher and blade crusher combination breakage, smash into little billet through hammering crushing mode to useless miscellaneous timber earlier, then smash into required saw-dust powder through blade crusher to little billet, the saw-dust powder that forms like this just can satisfy the granulator pelletization usefulness, simultaneously because be equipped with the deironing device on the discharge conveyor, little billet is at the discharge conveyor removal in-process, and most of metals can be siphoned away by the deironing device and get rid of, can better protect the life of blade crusher blade like this, reduces the risk that the production line shut down.

2. Through set up the billet storehouse between hammering formula rubbing crusher and blade crusher, the ejection of compact conveyer carries the little billet of hammering formula rubbing crusher crushing formation earlier to the billet storehouse and keeps in, then the screw conveyer through the lower part installation in billet storehouse carries the little billet for blade crusher smashes, can coordinate hammering formula rubbing crusher and blade crusher's broken rhythm better, improves automatic level greatly. Further start the transport in turn through the many screw conveyors that set up below the billet storehouse, can make different batches, different moisture content, different fiber length, the material mixture of different purity gets into blade formula rubbing crusher and smashes, promotes the stability of smashing back saw-dust powder quality. So as to ensure the stability of the quality of the prepared biomass fuel.

3. Through being equipped with the isolation room in the outside of hammering formula rubbing crusher, the portion feeding conveyor and the discharge conveyor are covered to the isolation room, and the upper portion in isolation room passes through the negative pressure tuber pipe and connects first dust remover. The noise that produces when the hammering was smashed can be better kept apart to the isolation on the one hand, is in negative pressure state through first fan and negative-pressure air pipe in the isolation simultaneously, and the dust outwards drifts away when reducing the hammering and smashing, and the workplace noise and the dust pollution that significantly reduce protect operating personnel's is healthy. On the other hand, the sawdust powder is sucked away through the negative pressure conveying pipe after being output from the blade type grinder and then is separated through the cyclone separator, the whole conveying process is basically carried out in a closed space, the blade type grinder can be in a negative pressure state when grinding wood blocks, the outward scattering of the sawdust powder can be well reduced, the collection amount of the sawdust powder is improved, and dust pollution of a working place can be greatly reduced. Ensure that the workplace meets the requirements of environmental protection, health, safety and explosion prevention.

4. The conveying of saw-dust powder all is the operation in more confined space, need not artifical the participation, and its transport degree of automation is high, and conveying efficiency is also higher.

Can explain through above beneficial effect, the utility model discloses an degree of automation and reliability are higher, can ensure the biomass fuel steady quality of preparation to make workplace satisfy environmental protection, healthy, safe explosion-proof requirement, be the production facility of handling life recovery waste miscellaneous timber comparatively effectively and environmental protection at present.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 to 3 show an automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel from waste and miscellaneous wood materials, which includes a pulverizing system 100, a conveying system 200 and a granulator 300.

The smashing system 100 comprises a hammering type smashing machine 1 and a blade type smashing machine 2, a feeding port of the hammering type smashing machine 1 is connected with a feeding conveyor 3, a discharging port of the hammering type smashing machine 1 is connected with a discharging conveyor 4, an output end of the discharging conveyor 4 is connected with the upper portion of a wood block bin 5, and an iron removing device 41 is arranged on the discharging conveyor 4; the iron removing device 41 may be a permanent magnet self-discharging type iron remover or a magnetoelectric self-discharging type iron remover, and is a commercially available device, and the iron removing device 41 sends out the sucked metal from the side surface of the discharging conveyor 4 through a conveyor belt.

The lower part of the wood block bin 5 is provided with four first screw conveyors 6, the four first screw conveyors 6 are arranged in parallel, the feeding end of each first screw conveyor 6 is communicated with the inner space of the wood block bin 5, the discharging end of each first screw conveyor 6 is connected with the feeding hole of the blade type crusher 2, and the four first screw conveyors 6 act in turn to convey materials;

the outer side of the hammering type pulverizer 1 is provided with an isolation room 7, the isolation room 7 covers part of the feeding conveyor 3 and the discharging conveyor 4, and the upper part of the isolation room 7 is connected with a first dust remover 8 through a negative pressure air pipe 81; the first fan 82 is installed in the middle of the negative pressure air pipe 81, and the first fan 82 generates negative pressure in the isolation room 7.

The conveying system 200 comprises a negative pressure conveying pipe 9, a closed sawdust powder bin 10, a cyclone separator 11 and a second dust remover 12, wherein one end of the negative pressure conveying pipe 9 is connected with a discharge hole of the blade type grinder 2, the other end of the negative pressure conveying pipe 9 is connected with a side gas inlet of the cyclone separator 11, a gas outlet at the upper part of the cyclone separator 11 is connected with a suction opening of a second fan 13, and a gas outlet of the second fan 13 is connected with the second dust remover 12 through a pipeline; a discharge port at the lower part of the cyclone separator 11 is connected with a feed end of a second screw conveyor 14 through an air seal device 111, and a discharge end of the second screw conveyor 14 is connected with the upper part of the sawdust bin 10;

two third screw conveyors 15 are arranged at the lower part of the sawdust bin 10, the feeding end of each third screw conveyor 15 is communicated with the inner space of the sawdust bin 10, and the discharging end of each third screw conveyor 15 is connected with the feeding hole of one granulator 300;

the ash cleaning port of the second dust remover 12 is connected with the air suction port of a third fan 121 through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the third fan 121 is connected with the upper part of the sawdust bin 10 through a pipeline; the wood chip powder bin 10 is internally provided with a stirring tool 17 driven by a motor 16.

The bottom of the sawdust bin 10 and the third screw conveyor 15 are both inclined to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the bottom of the sawdust bin 10 is the same as that of the third screw conveyor 15.

The stirring tool 17 includes a stirring shaft 171 driven by the motor 16, and the stirring shaft 171 is provided with a plurality of stirring blades 172 extending in the radial direction.

The first dust remover 8 and the second dust remover 12 are cloth bag dust removers.

A first screen mesh 1a is arranged below the crushing chamber of the hammering type crusher 1, and the mesh number of the first screen mesh 1a is 3-4 meshes; a second screen 2a is arranged below the crushing chamber of the blade type crusher 2, and the mesh number of the second screen 2a is 12-14 meshes.

The blade type crusher 2 is arranged under the ground; the diameter of the negative pressure material conveying pipe 9 is phi 250mm to phi 300 mm.

The negative pressure conveying pipe 9 comprises a horizontal section 91 connected with a discharge port of the blade type crusher 2 and a vertical section 92 with the lower end connected with the horizontal section 91, the vertical section 92 extends downwards to form a material settling section 93 at the joint of the vertical section 92 and the horizontal section 91, and a material cleaning gate 94 is arranged on the material settling section 93.

An air inlet is formed in one side, far away from the vertical section 92, of the horizontal section 91 and is connected with an air outlet of the fourth fan 18, and the air pressure generated by the fourth fan 18 assists in pushing sawdust powder at the discharge port of the blade type grinder 2 to move.

The working process of the embodiment is as follows:

the household recycling waste and miscellaneous wood materials are manually selected and simply dedusted and then are fed into the input end of a feeding conveyor 3, the feeding conveyor 3 sequentially feeds the waste and miscellaneous wood materials into a feeding hole of a hammering type pulverizer 1, the hammering type pulverizer 1 hammers and pulverizes the waste and miscellaneous wood materials into small wood blocks, then the small wood blocks are pulverized to form small wood blocks and fall into a discharging conveyor 4, metal objects carried by the small wood blocks are sucked away by a deironing device 41 in the conveying process of the discharging conveyor 4, the small wood blocks are conveyed to a wood block bin 5 for temporary storage, and then four first screw conveyors 6 are started in turn to convey the small wood block materials at different positions of the wood block bin 5 to a blade type pulverizer 2 for further pulverization to form required wood dust 400;

the second fan 13 rotates to work to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure delivery pipe 9, the negative pressure delivery pipe 9 sucks the sawdust powder 400 output from the discharge port of the blade grinder 2 through the horizontal section 91 of the negative pressure delivery pipe 9, meanwhile, the wind pressure generated by the fourth fan 18 assists to push the sawdust powder 400 at the discharge port of the blade grinder 2 to move, the sawdust powder 400 moves upwards along the vertical section 92 of the negative pressure delivery pipe 1 after passing through the horizontal section 91, during the process that the sawdust powder 400 moves upwards in the vertical section 92, some heavier metals or other materials mixed in the sawdust powder 400 will settle in the material settling section 13 to remove better metals and impurities, then the sawdust powder 400 enters the cyclone separator 11 to be separated, most sawdust powder 400 will fall into the lower part of the cyclone separator 11, and then further fall into the feed end of the second spiral conveyor 14 through the air-blocking device 111, the second screw conveyor 14 then feeds the chip powder 400 into the chip powder bin 10; meanwhile, some fine sawdust powder 400 is captured by the second dust collector 12 through a pipeline through an air outlet at the upper part of the cyclone separator 11, the fine sawdust powder 400 is also sent into the sawdust powder bin 10 through the third fan 121 and the pipeline after the second dust collector 12 is cleaned, the coarse sawdust powder 400 and the fine sawdust powder 400 are stirred and mixed through the stirring tool 17 in the sawdust powder bin 10 to form sawdust powder 400 with stable quality, and the sawdust powder 400 is sent into the granulator 300 through the third screw conveyer 15 to be granulated to form biomass fuel. Then the biomass fuel can be sent to a use place for use after being cooled and packaged.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all changes that can be made by those skilled in the art according to the appended claims will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an utilize miscellaneous wooden material preparation biomass fuel's automation line, includes crushing system, conveying system and granulator, its characterized in that: the crushing system comprises a hammering type crusher and a blade type crusher, a feed inlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a feed conveyor, a discharge outlet of the hammering type crusher is connected with a discharge conveyor, the output end of the discharge conveyor is connected with the upper part of a wood block bin, and an iron removal device is arranged on the discharge conveyor; the lower part of the wood block bin is provided with a plurality of first spiral conveyors, the feed end of each first spiral conveyor is communicated with the inner space of the wood block bin, the discharge end of each first spiral conveyor is connected with the feed inlet of the blade type crusher, and a plurality of first spiral conveyor wheels flow to convey materials;

2. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the conveying system also comprises a sawdust bin, and the discharge end of the second spiral conveyor is connected with the upper part of the sawdust bin; a third screw conveyor is arranged at the lower part of the sawdust bin, the feeding end of the third screw conveyor is communicated with the inner space of the sawdust bin, and the discharging end of the third screw conveyor is connected with the feeding hole of the granulator;

3. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: and the lower part of the sawdust bin is provided with a plurality of third screw conveyors, and the discharge end of each third screw conveyor is connected with the feed inlet of one granulator.

4. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the bottom of the sawdust bin and the third screw conveyor are inclined to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the bottom of the sawdust bin is the same as that of the third screw conveyor.

5. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the stirring tool comprises a stirring shaft driven by a motor, and a plurality of stirring blades extending along the radial direction are arranged on the stirring shaft.

6. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the first dust remover and the second dust remover are bag-type dust removers.

7. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: a first screen is arranged below the crushing chamber of the hammering type crusher, and the mesh number of the first screen is 3-4 meshes; and a second screen is arranged below the crushing chamber of the blade type crusher, and the mesh number of the second screen is 12-14 meshes.

8. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the blade type crusher is arranged under the ground; the diameter of the negative pressure material conveying pipe ranges from phi 250mm to phi 300 mm.

9. The automatic production line for preparing biomass fuel by using waste and miscellaneous wood material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the negative pressure conveying pipe comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, the horizontal section is connected with the lower end of the discharge port of the blade type crusher, the vertical section extends downwards to form a material settling section at the joint of the vertical section and the horizontal section, and a material cleaning gate is arranged on the material settling section.

10. The automatic production line for preparing the biomass fuel by utilizing the waste and miscellaneous wood material as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the horizontal section is kept away from vertical section one side and is equipped with the air intake, and the air intake connection fourth fan air outlet, and the saw-dust powder that promotes blade crusher discharge gate is assisted to the wind pressure that the fourth fan produced removes.