CN210843634U

CN210843634U - Easy-to-implant anti-loose artificial acetabular cup prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN210843634U
Application number: CN201921308291.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘朝旭; 黄纯炜; 马天; 汤翔宇; 吴华
Original assignee: Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-08-13
Filing date: 2019-08-13
Publication date: 2020-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses an easy-to-implant anti-loose artificial acetabular cup prosthesis, which comprises a hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body matched with the acetabular part structure of a patient, wherein the top of the acetabular cup body is provided with a positioning screw mounting hole along the central axis thereof, and a plurality of cup body fixing bolts arranged in parallel with the central axis are distributed on the outer convex surface; the top end of the cup body fixing bolt is provided with a barb body bolt head; in the process of implanting the acetabular cup prosthesis, all cup body fixing bolts and barb body bolt heads on the cup body fixing bolts penetrate vertically relative to acetabular bone of a patient, so that the penetrating direction of the cup body fixing bolts is consistent with the acting force direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis. The utility model adopts the cup fixing bolts arranged in parallel, the stress directions are consistent and uniform, the cup fixing bolts only need to be pressed into the acetabulum bone of a patient vertically and forcibly for fixation, the operation is simple and convenient, simultaneously, the cup fixing bolts arranged in parallel and the barb structural design can greatly improve the stability, and the postoperative medical return rate is extremely low; has no bone loss and bone cutting fracture risk, and is easy for postoperative recovery.

Description

Easy-to-implant anti-loose artificial acetabular cup prosthesis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an easily-implanted anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis.

Background

The artificial total hip joint replacement is suitable for joint necrosis such as aseptic necrosis of bones, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis and the like, and diseases which are accompanied by moderate to severe continuous joint pain and dysfunction and cannot be relieved by non-operative treatment, and the focus is removed by an operation, and a hip joint prosthesis is implanted to recover the activity and the original function of the joint.

The hip joint prosthesis comprises an acetabular cup prosthesis and a femoral prosthesis and is suitable for recovering joint functions after the original joint focus is removed. After the acetabular cup prosthesis is implanted, the acetabular cup prosthesis is positioned at a bone joint moving part, so that the acetabular cup prosthesis can loosen after a long time, and therefore needs to be fixed.

In the replacement, after the acetabular cup prosthesis is implanted, the acetabular cup prosthesis needs to be fixed to the acetabulum, and in order to ensure that the prosthesis does not loosen during movement, the currently adopted fixing method is generally screw fixation, namely 3 holes are designed on a ball body of the acetabular cup prosthesis, corresponding screw holes are drilled on the acetabulum, and the acetabular cup prosthesis is fixed to the acetabulum after the screws are implanted.

The conventional acetabular cup prosthesis implantation operation adopts screw fixation, namely, screws are adopted to screw the acetabular cup prosthesis on bone. In order to achieve the stabilization effect, fixing holes need to be formed in the bone in advance. This solution has the following drawbacks:

firstly, the implantation operation is complex, the implantation position and direction of the screw need to correspond to the screw hole on the acetabular cup prosthesis, and the difficulty is high; the steps of tapping positioning, drilling, screwing and the like are involved, so that the operation time is prolonged, the operation difficulty is increased, the failure probability is high, and the dependence on the skill of a doctor is high.

Secondly, the screw and the acetabular cup prosthesis are not of an integrated structure, the acetabular cup prosthesis is fixed through the screw and is easy to loosen, the screw is easy to fall off, the operation risk is increased, and the probability of postoperative return to the doctor is high.

Thirdly, implanting the screw can cause great bone defect, and because relate to the trompil operation again, can produce a large amount of broken bones, be unfavorable for the postoperative to recover, the patient operation wound is big, and has the sclerotin cutting fracture risk.

In order to solve the above problems, there are also currently medical researchers designing a fixing technique by means of penetration, such as an implant named as "implant for fixing an orthopaedic prosthesis" and an acetabular cup prosthesis, as in application No. 201710175426.4, and disclosing a solution for fixing an acetabular cup prosthesis by penetrating bone using a sheet-like structure. But the defects are that the directions are dispersed during the penetration, and the penetration force and the penetration depth of each lamellar structure are different, so that on one hand, the occurrence probability of bone tissue cutting accidents is increased, the bone tissue defect is increased, and the recovery period of a patient is prolonged; on the other hand, the acetabular cup prosthesis cannot be stressed in a balanced manner, so that the stability is poor, and the acetabular cup prosthesis can still be pulled out after being used for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide an easy-to-implant anti-loose artificial acetabular cup prosthesis to replace the traditional screw-fixed acetabular cup prosthesis in the artificial total hip replacement.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme does:

an easily-implanted anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis comprises a hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body matched with the structure of an acetabular part of a patient, wherein the top of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body is provided with a positioning screw mounting hole along the central axis thereof, a plurality of cup body fixing bolts arranged in parallel with the central axis are distributed on the outer convex surface of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body, and the top ends of the cup body fixing bolts are provided with barb body bolt heads; in the process of implanting the acetabular cup prosthesis, all cup body fixing bolts and barb body bolt heads on the cup body fixing bolts penetrate vertically relative to acetabular bone of a patient, so that the penetrating direction of the cup body fixing bolts is consistent with the acting force direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis.

The utility model discloses set up all cup gim pegs into same direction of inserting, not only every cup gim peg atress is even, does not produce transverse force when puncturing perpendicularly moreover, does not have the component force of other directions to act on the sclerotin like this to both insert easily, also furthest has avoided cutting bone tissue, has reduced the risk of tearing sclerotin. Meanwhile, the barb structure of the barb body bolt head can ensure that the part penetrating into sclerotin is not easy to fall off, so that the fixation of the acetabular cup prosthesis is more stable.

Furthermore, the cup fixing bolts are distributed on at least one circle taking the central axis of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup as the center. In this way, the distribution of forces for acetabular cup prosthesis implantation can be balanced and moderated.

Still further, the cup gim peg distributes on two circles of using the axis of cavity hemisphere acetabulum cup as the center. Therefore, the requirements of uniform distribution of the acting points of the acetabular cup prosthesis and contribution to fixation of the acetabular cup prosthesis can be met, and the acetabular cup prosthesis has a simple structure and is easy to process.

Furthermore, three cup fixing bolts are uniformly distributed on each circle along the circumferential direction, wherein the cup fixing bolts on the inner circle and the adjacent cup fixing bolts on the outer circle are arranged in a staggered mode at a central angle of 60 degrees. The arrangement has the advantages that the force points are distributed more uniformly, and the acetabular cup prosthesis can be ensured to be more stable in the acetabulum.

Furthermore, the axial length of the cup body fixing bolt on the inner circle is smaller than that of the cup body fixing bolt on the outer circle, so that the top ends of the barb body bolt heads on all the cup body fixing bolts are ensured to be at the same height. Therefore, the puncturing depth and the acting force of the puncturing body bolt head on the outer ring are slightly larger than those of the puncturing body bolt head on the inner ring, and the loosening of the acetabular cup prosthesis can be prevented more favorably.

Preferably, the barb body bolt head is designed into an arrow head shape gradually expanding from the top end to the bottom end, and an axial opening groove extending from the top end to the bottom end is arranged in the middle of the barb body bolt head. Like this, when barb body bolt head was inserted into to the sclerotin, because the extrusion of sclerotin, the barb of both sides can produce certain deformation volume because of the setting of axial opening recess, reduces barb body bolt head just to the area of sclerotin to alleviate the destruction to the sclerotin, it is also more laborsaving to pierce.

Further, the depth of the axial opening groove is at least two thirds of the axial length of the bolt head of the barb body. This is to give sufficient crush deformation space for the barbs on both sides.

Furthermore, the barb body bolt head is in a flat arrow shape; correspondingly, the cross section of the cup body fixing bolt is in a flat rectangular shape matched with the cross section of the cup body fixing bolt. The shape is also used for further reducing the area of the small barb body bolt head facing the sclerotin, so that the piercing is more labor-saving.

Furthermore, the barb body bolt head and the cup body fixing bolt are of an integrated forming structure.

Still further, barb body bolt head, cup gim peg and hollow hemisphere acetabular cup are the integrated into one piece structure.

The integral forming has the advantages that the barb body bolt head, the cup body fixing bolt and the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body are not connected and are firmer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage:

1. the cup fixing bolts arranged in parallel are adopted, so that the stress directions of the prosthesis can be ensured to be consistent, screws do not need to be implanted on the acetabulum in advance in the acetabular cup prosthesis implantation process, only the cup fixing bolts need to be vertically penetrated into acetabular bone, the operation is simple and convenient, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the operation time is shortened.

2. Because the cup body fixing bolt vertically pierces into the acetabulum, no transverse acting force is generated, the bone tissue can be prevented from being cut to the maximum extent, particularly the arrangement of the axial opening groove, the injury of the implantation operation to the bone of a patient is effectively reduced, and the postoperative recovery is easy.

3. Owing to adopt barb body to tie the head, accessible barb structure prevents to dislocate, and it has very big promotion to pierce the structure steadiness than current. Can not fall off under the normal use condition, and the postoperative return to medical service rate is extremely low.

4. The acetabular cup prosthesis is preferably of an integrated structure, looseness between a screw and the prosthesis in the traditional prosthesis cannot occur, and the service life can be greatly prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a cup fixing bolt in embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the structure of embodiment 2.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the structure of embodiment 2.

The numbers in the figures are as follows: axis 0, cavity hemisphere acetabulum cup 1, set screw mounting hole 2, cup gim peg 3, barb body tieing 4, axial opening recess 5, circle 6, interior circle 7, outer circle 8.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples, which are to be understood as illustrative only and not as limiting the scope of the invention, and modifications to the various equivalent forms of the invention, which may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present invention, fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example 1:

an easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis as shown in fig. 1 comprises a hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body 1 which is adapted to fit the configuration of the acetabular site of a patient. The top of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1 is provided with a positioning screw mounting hole 2 along the central axis 0 thereof. A plurality of cup body fixing bolts 3 which are arranged in parallel with the central axis 0 are distributed on the outer convex surface of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1. The cup body fixing bolt 3 and the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1 are of an integrated molding structure.

As shown in fig. 2, there are 6 cup fixing bolts 3 uniformly distributed on a circle 6 centered on the central axis 0 of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the plane of circle 6 is perpendicular to the central axis 0 and is at the height of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1 from the top 1/3.

As shown in figure 4, the top end of the cup body fixing bolt 3 is provided with an integrally formed barb body bolt head 4, and the top ends of the barb body bolt heads 4 on all the cup body fixing bolts 3 are at the same height.

In this embodiment, the axial length of the cup fixing bolt 3 is 6mm, the axial length of the barb bolt head 4 is 2mm, the barb bolt head is in a flat arrow shape gradually expanding from the top end to the bottom end, and the axial opening groove 5 extending from the top end to the bottom end is arranged in the middle of the barb bolt head. Correspondingly, the cross section of the cup fixing bolt 3 is a flat rectangle matched with the cross section. The depth of the axially open groove 5 is 1.5 mm.

In the process of implanting the acetabular cup prosthesis, the acetabular cup prosthesis is firstly embedded into the acetabulum of a patient and is stably placed. The set screw is then passed through the set screw mounting hole 2 and secured at the acetabulum. Then all the cup body fixing bolts 3 and the barb body bolt heads 4 on the cup body fixing bolts are vertically penetrated relative to the acetabulum bone of the patient, and the penetrating direction of the cup body fixing bolts is ensured to be consistent with the acting force direction of the acetabulum cup prosthesis. In the specific operation, uniform pressure is applied to the acetabulum cup prosthesis along the puncture tip direction, so that the barb body bolt head 4 penetrates into an acetabulum bone until the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1 is in close contact with the acetabulum of a patient.

In the process that the cup body fixing bolt 3 is pressed into the sclerotin area, barbs on the barb body bolt head 4, which are positioned on two sides of the axial opening groove 5, are extruded by sclerotin and are folded towards the inner side of the axial opening groove 5, so that the area of the penetrating direction of the barb body bolt head 4 is reduced, the resistance received in the penetrating process is reduced, and the implantation operation is facilitated. Meanwhile, the nail channel is narrower when the nail is penetrated, so that the damage to bone is less.

After the implantation process is finished, the barbs on the two sides expand outwards under the elastic action of the material, and the barb tips abut against sclerotin, so that the barb body bolt head 4 provides clamping force for the whole acetabular cup prosthesis. Finally, the set screw is reversely removed from the set screw mounting hole 2. If the acetabular cup prosthesis is acted by a releasing force in the using process, the barb tip also supports against sclerotin more tightly to prevent the acetabular cup prosthesis from releasing, thereby finally achieving a good anti-releasing effect.

Example 2:

another implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis, as shown in FIG. 5, includes a hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1 configured to fit the acetabular site of a patient. The top of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1 is provided with a positioning screw mounting hole 2 along the central axis 0 thereof. A plurality of cup body fixing bolts 3 which are arranged in parallel with the central axis 0 are distributed on the outer convex surface of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1. The cup body fixing bolt 3 and the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body 1 are of an integrated molding structure.

As shown in figure 6, there are 6 cup fixing bolts 3, which are evenly distributed on two circles taking the central axis 0 of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1 as the center. 3 cup fixing bolts 3 are uniformly distributed on the two circles along the circumferential direction, wherein the cup fixing bolts 3 on the inner circle 7 and the adjacent cup fixing bolts 3 on the outer circle 8 are arranged in a staggered mode at a central angle of 60 degrees.

As shown in fig. 7, the planes of the inner circle 7 and the outer circle 8 are both perpendicular to the central axis 0, wherein: inner circle 7 is located at the height of hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1 from top 1/3 and outer circle 8 is located at the height of hollow hemispherical acetabular cup 1 from top 2/3. The top end of the cup body fixing bolt 3 is provided with an integrally formed barb body bolt head 4. And the axial length of the cup body fixing bolt 3 on the inner circle 7 is smaller than that of the cup body fixing bolt 3 on the outer circle 8, so that the top ends of the barb body bolt heads 4 on all the cup body fixing bolts 3 are ensured to be positioned at the same height.

In this embodiment, the axial length of the cup fixing bolt 3 on the inner circle 7 is 5mm, and the axial length of the cup fixing bolt 3 on the outer circle 8 is 7 mm. The axial length of the barb body bolt head 4 is 2mm, the barb body bolt head is in a flat arrow head shape gradually expanding from the top end to the bottom end, and an axial opening groove 5 extending from the top end to the bottom end is arranged in the middle of the barb body bolt head. Correspondingly, the cross section of the cup fixing bolt 3 is a flat rectangle matched with the cross section. The depth of the axially open groove 5 is 1.8 mm.

The process for implanting the acetabular cup prosthesis described in example 2 is the same as in example 1, and is not described in detail herein.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all the equivalent changes or modifications made according to the principles and design ideas disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an easily implant anti-loosening artificial acetabulum cup prosthesis, includes cavity hemisphere acetabular cup (1) with patient's acetabular bone position structure looks adaptation, set screw mounting hole (2), its characterized in that have been seted up along its axis (0) in the top of cavity hemisphere acetabular cup (1): a plurality of cup body fixing bolts (3) which are arranged in parallel with the central axis (0) of the hollow hemispherical acetabular cup body (1) are distributed on the outer convex surface of the cup body, and barb body bolt heads (4) are arranged at the top ends of the cup body fixing bolts (3); during the implantation process of the acetabular cup prosthesis, all cup body fixing bolts (3) and the barb body bolt heads (4) on the cup body fixing bolts penetrate vertically relative to the acetabular bone of a patient, so that the penetrating direction of the cup body fixing bolts is consistent with the acting force direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis.

2. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the cup body fixing bolts (3) are distributed on at least one circle taking the central axis (0) of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body (1) as the center.

3. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein: the cup body fixing bolts (3) are distributed on two circles which take the central axis (0) of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body (1) as the center.

4. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 3, wherein: three cup fixing bolts (3) are uniformly distributed on the two circles along the circumferential direction, wherein the cup fixing bolts (3) on the inner circle and the adjacent cup fixing bolts (3) on the outer circle are arranged in a staggered mode at a central angle of 60 degrees.

5. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 4, wherein: the axial length of the cup body fixing bolts (3) on the inner circle is smaller than that of the cup body fixing bolts (3) on the outer circle, so that the top ends of the barb body bolt heads (4) on all the cup body fixing bolts (3) are ensured to be at the same height.

6. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the barb body bolt head (4) is designed into an arrow shape gradually expanding from the top end to the bottom end, and an axial opening groove (5) extending from the top end to the bottom end is arranged in the middle of the barb body bolt head.

7. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 6, wherein: the depth of the axial opening groove (5) is at least two thirds of the axial length of the agnail bolt head (4).

8. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein: the barb body bolt head (4) is in a flat arrow shape; correspondingly, the cross section of the cup body fixing bolt (3) is in a flat rectangle matched with the cross section.

9. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the barb body bolt head (4) and the cup body fixing bolt (3) are of an integrated forming structure.

10. The easily implantable anti-loosening artificial acetabular cup prosthesis according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the barb body bolt head (4), the cup body fixing bolt (3) and the hollow hemispherical acetabulum cup body (1) are of an integrated forming structure.