CN211094606U - Bone fixation nail and bone fixation assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the utility model provides a bone fixation nail and bone fixation subassembly relates to the medical equipment field, and the bone fixation nail is provided with and is used for the installation to prevent the installation through-hole of revolving the nail, and the axis of installation through-hole is different with the axis of bone fixation nail. The bone fixing nail can enhance the firmness of the fixation of the femoral neck fracture, is not easy to shift, rotate and withdraw, and is convenient for the recovery of patients.

Description

Bone fixation nail and bone fixation assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical equipment field particularly, relates to a bone fixation nail and bone fixation subassembly.

Background

Fracture is a common disease, and when the fracture is treated, an external fixing structure is required to fix and repair the fracture part. For example, for femoral neck fracture, the existing surgical fixation techniques include simple hollow nail fixation, dynamic condyle sliding compression plate plus anti-rotation screw fixation or combined screw fixation.

In research, the prior combined screw for treating femoral neck fracture has the following defects:

adopt double nail fixed in the existing market, postoperative patient takes place easily in the recovered motion and moves back the nail to cause the femoral neck to restore to the throne failure, increase patient's secondary operation's risk.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a bone fixation nail and bone fixation subassembly, for example, difficult emergence moves back the nail, can strengthen the fastness of femoral neck fracture fixation, avoids carrying out the secondary operation.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a can realize like this:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a bone fixation nail for use with preventing soon the nail cooperation, bone fixation nail is provided with and is used for the installation to prevent the installation through-hole of revolving the nail, the axis of installation through-hole and the different face of axis of bone fixation nail.

In an alternative embodiment, one end of the axis of the mounting through-hole extends to the end face of the bone fixation nail on which the tail end is located.

In an alternative embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the bone fixation nail is provided with a threaded groove.

In an alternative embodiment, the end of the threaded groove distal to the insertion end of the bone fixation nail is spaced from the trailing end of the bone fixation nail to form a smooth section.

In an alternative embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the bone fixation nail is provided with an avoiding groove communicated with the mounting through hole, and the length of the avoiding groove extends along the axial direction of the mounting through hole.

In an alternative embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the bone fixation nail is provided with a sliding groove for inserting the fixing plate, and the sliding groove and the mounting through hole are independent.

In an alternative embodiment, the wall of the mounting through-hole is provided with an internal thread.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bone fixation assembly, including:

a rotation-resistant nail and the bone fixation nail of any of the preceding embodiments, the rotation-resistant nail being inserted into a mounting through-hole in the bone fixation nail.

In an alternative embodiment, the bone fixation assembly further comprises a locking nut coupled to the bone fixation nail to prevent the anti-rotation nail from backing out of the trailing end of the bone fixation nail.

In an alternative embodiment, the bone fixation assembly further comprises a fixing plate connected with the bone fixation nail, and the fixing plate is used for being attached to the outer side of the position to be fixed.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect includes, for example:

in conclusion, the bone fixation nail provided by the embodiment is used in cooperation with the anti-rotation nail. The bone fixation nail is provided with the installation through-hole, during the use, combines bone fixation nail and the bone section of treating fixed earlier, then will prevent soon that the nail inserts in the installation through-hole and combines with the bone tissue. Because the projection of the axis of the installation through hole and the bone fixing nail on the reference plane has an included angle, and the installation through hole and the reference plane have an included angle, after the anti-rotation nail is inserted into the installation through hole, the anti-rotation nail and the projection of the bone fixing nail on the reference plane have an included angle, and the anti-rotation nail and the reference plane have an included angle, after being matched with each other, the anti-rotation nail and the bone fixing nail are fixed in a three-dimensional space to the fracture position, the fixing direction is more, the nail is not easy to retreat, and the fixation is firmer and more reliable. Meanwhile, after the bone fixing nails and the anti-rotation nails are inserted into human tissues, the bone fixing nails and the anti-rotation nails are not easy to withdraw from the human tissues, so that repeated operations are avoided, and the rehabilitation of patients is facilitated.

The embodiment also provides a bone fixing system, which comprises the bone fixing nail, and is good in fixing effect and convenient for patient recovery.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bone fixation assembly according to the present embodiment;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of the bone fixation assembly according to the present embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bone fixation nail provided in the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first axis and the reference plane provided in this embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 in the direction S;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing plate provided in this embodiment;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an application of the bone fixation assembly provided in the present embodiment;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bone fixation assembly and the kit according to this embodiment.

Icon:

001-a bone fixation assembly; 100-bone fixation nails; 110-mounting through holes; 111-a first axis; 120-second axis; 130-smooth section; 140-a stationary section; 141-thread groove; 150-an insertion end; 160-tail end; 170-avoidance groove; 180-a chute; 200-anti-rotation nail; 300-a fixed plate; 310-a plug-in part; 320-a fit plate portion; 330-anti-back through holes; 400-anti-back nut; 002-bone segment; 003-base plane.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the products of the present invention are used, the description is only for convenience of description and simplification, but the indication or suggestion that the indicated device or element must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be interpreted as a limitation of the present invention.

Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

At present, the fracture of the femoral neck bone is common fracture, and is mainly fixed by a hollow nail or fixed by a dynamic condyle sliding compression steel plate and an anti-rotation screw. When the hollow nail is adopted for fixation, a plurality of hollow nails are accurately driven into the small femoral neck fracture close to the cortex with certain difficulty, the bone is damaged by inserting the guide pin under multiple times of fluoroscopy, and further the operation time is increased, so that the anesthesia time of a patient in the operation is too long, the wound is increased, and the complication incidence rate is high. In addition, the hollow nail is adopted for fixation, so that the stability is poor, the compression resistance is weak, the anti-rotation capability is weak, the second-stage compression effect after bone absorption is poor, and the probability of complications of fracture nonunion, femoral head necrosis, penetration of the hollow nail into a joint, even a pelvic cavity or loosening and withdrawal is high. Once the complications occur, the patient needs to remove the original bone and replace the hip joint, so that the trauma and infection probability of the patient are seriously increased, and the death rate of the patient is increased. If the hollow nail penetrates into pelvic cavity injury and vascular nerve, the patient can die or be paralyzed.

The dynamic condyle sliding pressurizing steel plate and the anti-rotation screw are difficult to fix, the steel plate is often fractured when being placed, serious bone injury is caused to a patient, and the patient is not easy to recover. Meanwhile, the operation requires removal of a large amount of cortical bone, and has poor anti-rotation performance, resulting in failure of internal fixation, hip varus and femoral head necrosis, resulting in operation failure. However, when the surgery fails, the hip joint replacement is needed, so that the trauma and infection probability of the patient are seriously increased, and the death or the life of the patient can be shortened.

To the problem that prior art exists, this embodiment provides a bone fixation subassembly 001, is applicable to and implants the internal fracture position of human body fixedly among the fracture operation process to the patient is recovered. This subassembly 001 is fixed to bone implants convenient operation, and stability is good, and compressive capacity is strong, prevents revolving the performance and is good, and difficult not hard up and withdraw from reduces the emergence probability of complication, and the patient of being convenient for is recovered.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the bone fixation assembly 001 of the present embodiment includes a bone fixation pin 100 and an anti-rotation pin 200. The bone fixation nail 100 is provided with a mounting through-hole 110 for mounting the anti-rotation nail 200, and the axis of the mounting through-hole 110 is out of plane with the axis of the bone fixation nail 100 itself.

The operation of the bone fixation assembly 001 provided in this embodiment is as follows:

it is assumed that the axis of the bone fixation nail 100 lies on the reference plane 003, and that the reference plane 003 is the only plane determined by the bone fixation nail 100 and the position to be installed when the bone fixation nail 100 is installed. The axis of the installation through hole 110 is at an angle to the projection of the axis of the bone fixation nail 100 on the reference plane 003, and the axis of the installation through hole 110 is at an angle to the reference plane 003. When the bone fixation nail is used, the bone fixation nail 100 is firstly implanted into the part of the bone section 002 to be fixed and combined with the bone section 002 to be fixed, and after the position of the bone fixation nail 100 is inserted into a set position, the anti-rotation nail 200 is inserted into the installation through hole 110 and combined with bone tissues. Because the axis of the installation through hole 110 is different from that of the bone fixation nail 100, that is, after the anti-rotation nail 200 is inserted into the installation through hole 110, the axis of the anti-rotation nail 200 is different from that of the bone fixation nail 100, and the two are not in the same plane, after the bone fixation assembly 001 is implanted into a human body, the received external force is more dispersed, the bone fixation assembly is not easy to rotate, and the anti-rotation effect is good. Meanwhile, the axis of the anti-rotation nail 200 and the projection of the axis of the bone fixation nail 100 on the reference plane 003 have an included angle, the installation through hole 110 and the reference plane 003 have an included angle, after the anti-rotation nail 200 is inserted into the installation through hole 110, the anti-rotation nail 200 and the projection of the bone fixation nail 100 on the reference plane 003 have an included angle, the anti-rotation nail 200 and the reference plane 003 have an included angle, the anti-rotation nail 200 is matched with the bone fixation nail 100 to fix the 002 position of the bone segment to be fixed in a three-dimensional space, the fixing direction is more, the biting force of the bone segment 002 and the bone fixation assembly 001 is better, after the bone fixation nail 100 and the anti-rotation nail 200 are inserted into human tissues, the bone fixation nail is not easy to withdraw from the human tissues, repeated operations are avoided. Meanwhile, after the anti-rotation nail 200 is combined with bone tissues, the anti-rotation nail is not easy to rotate and has good anti-rotation performance.

It should be noted that, in the practical process, the inventor finds that the existing screw combination structure includes a first screw and a second screw, the first screw and the second screw are crossed and arranged, and the first screw and the second screw have an angle. Although, the prior art also adopts two screws to cooperate and carry out the fixed of bone section 002, first screw and second screw lie in the coplanar, fix bone section 002 in two-dimensional space, and the cohesion of screw integrated configuration and bone section 002 is little, and the fastness is poor, prevents moving back and prevent rotating the performance poor.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, optionally, the bone fixation nail 100 is a strip, the bone fixation nail 100 has a smooth section 130 and a fixed section 140 connected along an axial direction thereof, and the smooth section 130 and the fixed section 140 are integrally formed and coaxially disposed. The end of the fixation section 140 remote from the smooth section 130 is an insertion end 150 of the bone fixation nail 100, and the end of the smooth section 130 remote from the fixation section 140 is a trailing end 160 of the bone fixation nail 100, and in use, the trailing end 160 can be manipulated to insert the insertion end 150 into bone tissue. The fixed section 140 is provided with a threaded groove 141, and it should be noted that the smooth section 130 is only relative to the fixed section 140, and is relatively smoother due to the absence of the threaded groove 141.

Optionally, the outer circumferential surface of the smooth section 130 is provided with a sliding groove 180, the sliding groove 180 may be a rectangular groove, the length of the sliding groove 180 extends along the axial direction of the bone fixation nail 100, and one end of the sliding groove 180 along the length direction thereof extends to the tail end 160 of the bone fixation nail 100. The number of the sliding grooves 180 is at least one, and when the number of the sliding grooves 180 is plural, the plurality of sliding grooves 180 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the smooth section 130. In this embodiment, the number of the sliding grooves 180 is two, and the two sliding grooves 180 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center plane of the smooth section 130 passing through the axis thereof.

Optionally, the mounting through-hole 110 is an elongated hole provided on the bone fixation nail 100. One end of the mounting through-hole 110 extends to the trailing end 160 of the bone fixation nail 100, and the other end of the mounting through-hole 110 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the smooth section 130. Furthermore, the smooth section 130 and the fixed section 140 are provided with an avoiding groove 170 corresponding to the mounting through hole 110, the length of the avoiding groove 170 extends along the axial direction of the mounting through hole 110, and the groove depth of the avoiding groove 170 gradually decreases from the tail end 160 to the insertion end 150. By extending one end of the mounting through-hole 110 to the end surface of the tail end 160, insertion of the anti-rotation pin 200 from the tail end 160 into the mounting through-hole 110 is facilitated. Through the setting of dodging groove 170, insert the tank bottom laminating of preventing revolving nail 200 and dodging groove 170 in the mounting hole 110, the area of contact of preventing revolving nail 200 and bone fixation nail 100 is big, and the position of preventing revolving nail 200 is more firm, and difficult the removal prevents revolving effectually.

Furthermore, the portion of the mounting through hole 110 near the tail end 160 is provided with an internal thread for being in threaded connection with the anti-rotation nail 200, so that the anti-back and anti-rotation effects of the anti-rotation nail 200 are better.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, for convenience of description, the axis of the mounting through hole 110 is set as a first axis 111, and the axis of the bone fixation nail 100 is set as a second axis 120. The included angle between the first axis 111 and the second axis 120 in the reference plane 003 is greater than or equal to 4 °, alternatively, the included angle between the first axis 111 and the second axis 120 in the reference plane 003 is 4 ° to 6 °, for example, the included angle between the first axis 111 and the second axis 120 in the reference plane 003 may be 4 °, 5 °, 6 °, or the like.

In other embodiments, the first axis 111 of the mounting through-hole 110 may be angled 4 ° -5 °, or 5 ° -6 °, from the second axis 120 of the bone fixation nail 100 in the reference plane 003.

Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the angle between the first axis 111 of the mounting through hole 110 and the reference plane 003 is greater than 0 °.

In this embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the anti-rotation nail 200 is partially provided with an external thread, and after the anti-rotation nail 200 is inserted into the installation through hole 110 from the tail end 160, the external thread on the anti-rotation nail 200 is in threaded engagement with the internal thread in the installation through hole 110.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the bone fixation assembly 001 further includes a fixation plate 300 and a back-proof nut 400. The fixing plate 300 is provided with a socket 310 and a joint plate 320, and the fixing plate 300 is provided with a withdrawal prevention through hole 330 penetrating the socket 310 and the fixing plate 300 at the same time. The hole wall of the anti-withdrawal through hole 330 is provided with anti-rotation protrusions, the number of the anti-rotation protrusions is equal to the number of the sliding grooves 180 on the bone fixing nail 100, and the anti-withdrawal through hole 330 is partially provided with threads. The anti-back nut 400 is screwed and fixed with the anti-back through hole 330 on the insertion part 310 to abut against the anti-rotation nail 200 inserted into the anti-back through hole 330, so that the anti-rotation nail 200 is not easy to withdraw, and the anti-rotation effect is enhanced.

Meanwhile, only the through hole for installing the anti-back nut 400 is formed in the fixing plate 300, and the fixing plate 300 is high in structural strength and not easy to damage.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the bone fixation assembly 001 provided in the present embodiment performs an operation using a kit. Firstly, implanting the bone fixation nail 100 into the bone segment 002, then inserting the insertion part 310 of the fixing plate 300 into the bone segment 002 and sleeving the bone fixation nail 100, wherein the anti-rotation protrusion in the insertion part 310 is in clamping fit with the sliding groove 180 on the bone fixation nail 100, and the surface of the fitting plate part 320 is fitted with the outer surface of the bone segment 002. The anti-rotation nail 200 is inserted into the installation through-hole 110 from the anti-retreat through-hole 330 and is screw-coupled in the installation through-hole 110. Finally, the anti-rotation nut is screwed in the anti-back through hole 330 and abuts against the end of the anti-rotation nail 200. Bone fixation subassembly 001 implants conveniently, and is little to the bone tissue damage, and firm reliable, and bone fixation nail 100 inserts the human tissue with preventing soon nail 200 after, is difficult for withdrawing from in the human tissue, avoids repeated operation, simultaneously, prevents soon nail 200 and bone tissue combination back, is difficult for rotatory, and anti-soon performance is good, and the patient of being convenient for is recovered.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a bone fixation nail for use with preventing soon nail cooperation, its characterized in that:

the bone fixation nail is provided with and is used for installing the installation through-hole of preventing revolving the nail, the axis of installation through-hole with the axis heterofacial features of bone fixation nail.

2. The bone fixation nail of claim 1, wherein:

one end of the axis of the mounting through hole extends to the end face of the tail end of the bone fixing nail.

3. The bone fixation nail of claim 1, wherein:

the outer peripheral surface of the bone fixing nail is provided with a thread groove.

4. The bone fixation nail of claim 3, wherein:

the end of the threaded groove, which is far away from the insertion end of the bone fixation nail, and the tail end of the bone fixation nail are provided with a space to form a smooth section.

5. The bone fixation nail of claim 1, wherein:

the outer peripheral face of the bone fixing nail is provided with an avoiding groove communicated with the mounting through hole, and the length of the avoiding groove extends along the axis direction of the mounting through hole.

6. The bone fixation nail of claim 1, wherein:

the outer peripheral face of the bone fixing nail is provided with a sliding groove for inserting the fixing plate, and the sliding groove and the mounting through hole are mutually independent.

7. The bone fixation nail of claim 1, wherein:

and the hole wall of the mounting through hole is provided with an internal thread.

8. A bone fixation assembly, comprising:

an anti-rotation nail and the bone fixation nail of any one of claims 1-7, the anti-rotation nail being inserted into a mounting through-hole on the bone fixation nail.

9. The bone fixation assembly as recited in claim 8, wherein:

the bone fixation assembly further comprises a locking nut, and the locking nut is connected with the bone fixation nail to prevent the anti-rotation nail from being disengaged from the tail end of the bone fixation nail.

10. The bone fixation assembly as recited in claim 8, wherein:

the bone fixing assembly further comprises a fixing plate, the fixing plate is connected with the bone fixing nail, and the fixing plate is used for being attached to the outer side of the position to be fixed.

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