CN113456316A

CN113456316A - Novel wrist joint prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN113456316A
Application number: CN202110731386.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许奎雪; 任宏志; 刘曙光; 康树靖; 史春生; 史春宝; 刘雅卿; 孙涛舰
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2021-10-01

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, and provides a novel wrist joint prosthesis. The method comprises the following steps: wrist joint intramedullary nail, fastening screw, spherical cushion block and radius intramedullary nail; the wrist joint intramedullary nail is fixedly connected with the spherical cushion block; the end face of the spherical cushion block is provided with a square protruding buckle, the end face of the wrist joint broach is provided with a square hole inwards, a wrist joint broach internal thread is arranged inwards along the square hole, the protruding buckle is clamped with the square hole, and the fastening screw is screwed with the wrist joint broach internal thread. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the spherical cushion block and the wrist joint broach are clamped through the buckle structure, and are screwed with the internal thread of the wrist joint broach and the internal thread of the protruding buckle through the fastening screw, so that the wrist joint broach is convenient to mount and reliable in connection, can effectively prevent rotation and resist falling, and improves the operation efficiency.

Description

Novel wrist joint prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, in particular to a novel wrist joint prosthesis.

Background

The wrist joint is one of the most flexible and important joints of the human body, most of the treatments for traumatic, degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases are mainly performed by wrist joint fusion, and the total wrist joint replacement is increasingly applied to wrist joint treatment along with the development of medicine and science and technology and the urgent desire of patients to solve pain and maintain the activity function of the wrist joint.

Chinese patent CN112294500A discloses a wrist joint prosthesis, which comprises: carpal and radius prostheses; the wrist bone prosthesis is provided with a first curved surface, the radius prosthesis is provided with a second curved surface matched with the first curved surface in shape, and the wrist bone prosthesis and the radius prosthesis are connected with the second curved surface in an abutting mode through the first curved surface along a first direction; the wrist prosthesis is configured to be rotatable relative to the radius prosthesis about a second direction and a third direction, respectively, which are perpendicular to the first direction, and an end of the wrist prosthesis for coupling with a wrist bone is rotatable relative to an end of the radius prosthesis for coupling with a radius bone about the first direction. With the adoption of the configuration, one end used for being connected with the wrist bone is configured to be rotatable around the first direction relative to one end of the radial prosthesis used for being connected with the radius bone, so that the wrist joint prosthesis can realize the function of the rotation of the radial wrist joint, the motion degree of the wrist joint of a patient is improved, and the satisfaction degree of the patient is increased.

However, the prior art still has the following defects: (1) the structure is complex, the installation is inconvenient, and the treatment effect is not good; (2) the fastening force of the prosthesis in the medullary cavity cannot be guaranteed and cannot be adjusted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel wrist joint prosthesis to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a novel wrist prosthesis comprising: wrist joint intramedullary nail, fastening screw, spherical cushion block and radius intramedullary nail; the wrist joint intramedullary nail is fixedly connected with the spherical cushion block; the end face of the spherical cushion block is provided with a square protruding buckle, the end face of the wrist joint broach is provided with a square hole inwards, a wrist joint broach internal thread is arranged inwards along the square hole, the protruding buckle is clamped with the square hole, and the fastening screw is screwed with the wrist joint broach internal thread.

In an optional embodiment, a threaded hole is formed in the protruding buckle, and screw threads of the fastening screw are screwed with internal threads of the wrist joint broach and internal threads of the threaded hole simultaneously.

In an optional embodiment, a square hole buckle is arranged inside the square hole, and the square hole buckle is clamped with the protrusion buckle.

In an optional embodiment, the wrist joint intramedullary nail is composed of a plurality of blades, and a plurality of anti-falling grooves are equidistantly arranged on the outer portions of the blades.

In an optional embodiment, the outer parts of the blades are conical, wrist joint broach blade threads are arranged in the blades, and the opening angles of the blades are adjusted by screwing the fastening screws and the wrist joint broach blade threads.

In an alternative embodiment, the wrist joint broach is externally threaded along the end surface of the wrist joint broach.

In an optional embodiment, the radius intramedullary nail is connected with the spherical cushion block through a sliding block, and the outer surface of the radius intramedullary nail is covered with a porous trabecula.

In an optional embodiment, the radius intramedullary nail is formed by titanium alloy 3D printing, and the porous bone trabecula is irregular in shape.

In an optional embodiment, the surface coating of the wrist joint intramedullary nail is sprayed by a Ti + HA active material, and the spherical cushion block is made of a high-crosslinking ultrahigh molecular material containing vitamin E.

In an alternative embodiment, the thread pitch of the internal thread of the wrist intramedullary nail is 1 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the spherical cushion block and the wrist joint broach in the novel wrist joint prosthesis are clamped through the buckle structure, and are screwed with the internal thread of the wrist joint broach and the internal thread of the raised buckle through the fastening screw, so that the novel wrist joint prosthesis is convenient to install and reliable in connection, can effectively prevent rotation and resist falling, and improves the operation efficiency.

(2) The wrist joint broach of the novel wrist joint prosthesis is provided with expandable blades, and the inner cavity of the broach is expanded or reduced by screwing in or retracting the inner hexagonal screw so as to adjust the bone cavity fastening force until the bone cavity fastening force is pressed against the wall of a metacarpal cavity and the internal fastening effect is achieved; in addition, a plurality of longitudinal anti-falling grooves are arranged outside the wrist joint intramedullary nail, so that the friction force between the wrist joint intramedullary nail and the transverse direction and the bone cavity is enhanced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a novel wrist joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the wrist joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a broach in a novel wrist joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the external threads of the wrist broach in the novel wrist prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-wrist broach; 11-wrist broach external thread; 12-anti-drop groove; 13-wrist joint broach internal thread; 14-buckling; 2-fastening screws; 21-screw thread; 3-spherical cushion blocks; 31-convex snap; 4-radius intramedullary nail; 41-cancellous trabecula.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a novel wrist joint prosthesis, which includes: a wrist joint broach 1, a fastening screw 2, a spherical cushion block 3 and a radius broach 4; the radius intramedullary nail 4 is connected with the spherical cushion block 3 in a sliding mode, and preferably, the radius intramedullary nail 4 is connected with the spherical cushion block 3 through a sliding block; the wrist joint intramedullary nail 1 is fixedly connected with the spherical cushion block 3.

Specifically, a square protruding buckle 31 is arranged on the end face of the spherical cushion block 3, a square hole is inwards arranged on the end face of the wrist joint broach 1, a wrist joint broach internal thread 13 is inwards arranged along the square hole, the protruding buckle 31 is clamped with the square hole, and preferably, a square hole buckle is arranged inside the square hole and is clamped with the protruding buckle 31.

Furthermore, the fastening screw 2 is screwed with the inner thread 13 of the wrist broach. Wrist joint broach 1 comprises a plurality of blades, and the outside of a plurality of blades is the toper, and the inside of a plurality of blades all is provided with wrist joint broach blade screw thread, and it especially points out that can determine wrist bone broach 1 distal end maximum diameter through fastening screw 2's rotation depth, along with fastening screw 2's rotation depth increases, wrist joint broach distal end diameter is bigger, and fastening screw 2 screw in or withdraw and make the broach inner chamber enlarge or shrink, adjusts the bone chamber fastening force, until supporting to metacarpal cavity wall, reaches the internal tightening effect. And a plurality of anti-falling grooves 12 are equidistantly arranged outside the blades, so that the friction force between the transverse direction and the bone cavity is enhanced.

Finally, the wrist joint broach external thread 11 is arranged along the end face extension of the wrist joint broach 1, the broach is rotationally implanted into the joint medullary cavity through threads, and after the wrist bone broach prosthesis is implanted, the broach is tightly combined with cancellous bone, so that the wrist bone broach prosthesis is firmer and the prosthesis is prevented from dislocation. The outer surface of the radius intramedullary nail 4 is covered with a porous bone trabecula 41, the porous bone trabecula 41 is irregular in shape, the porous bone trabecula 41 is composed of a multi-layer structure, the pore diameter, the wire diameter and the porosity of each layer of structure are different, the anti-rotation enhancement and the bone ingrowth effect of the prosthesis are good, and the initial stability is improved.

Example two

Furthermore, the fastening screw 2 is screwed with the inner thread 13 of the wrist broach. It should be noted that the inside of the protruding buckle 31 is provided with a threaded hole, and the screw thread 21 of the fastening screw 2 is simultaneously screwed with the internal thread 13 of the wrist broach and the internal thread of the threaded hole. The connecting structure is convenient to install and reliable in connection, can effectively prevent rotation and resist falling, and improves the operation efficiency.

In addition, wrist joint broach 1 comprises a plurality of blades, and the outside of a plurality of blades is the toper, and the inside of a plurality of blades all is provided with wrist joint broach blade screw thread. Particularly, the maximum diameter of the distal end of the wrist intramedullary nail 1 can be determined by the rotation depth of the fastening screw 2, at the moment, the fastening screw 2 can not be screwed with the convex buckle 31, and the larger the diameter of the distal end of the wrist intramedullary nail is along with the increase of the rotation depth of the fastening screw 2, the fastening screw 2 is screwed in or retreated to expand or shrink the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail so as to adjust the bone cavity fastening force until the distal end abuts against the wall of a metacarpal bone cavity to achieve the internal fastening effect. And a plurality of anti-falling grooves 12 are equidistantly arranged outside the blades, so that the friction force between the transverse direction and the bone cavity is enhanced.

Furthermore, the wrist joint broach 1 is externally provided with a wrist joint broach external thread 11 along the end surface extension of the wrist joint broach 1, the broach is rotationally implanted into a joint medullary cavity through threads, and after the wrist bone broach is implanted into a wrist bone broach prosthesis, the broach is tightly combined with cancellous bone, so that the wrist bone broach is firmer and the prosthesis is prevented from dislocation. The outer surface of the radius intramedullary nail 4 is covered with a porous bone trabecula 41, the porous bone trabecula 41 is irregular in shape, the porous bone trabecula 41 is composed of a multi-layer structure, the pore diameter, the wire diameter and the porosity of each layer of structure are different, the anti-rotation enhancement and the bone ingrowth effect of the prosthesis are good, and the initial stability is improved.

Finally, the radius intramedullary nail 4 is formed by titanium alloy 3D printing and is customized according to the serious bone defect part of the patient, so that the shape of the shank can be matched with the bone defect size of the patient, and the implanted prosthesis of the radius shank can play a role in rotation resistance; the surface coating of the wrist joint intramedullary nail 1 is sprayed by Ti + HA active material, so that the bone ingrowth is promoted, and the stability of the wrist bone intramedullary nail 1 in the later period of implantation is enhanced; the spherical cushion block 3 is made of a high-crosslinking ultra-high molecular material containing vitamin E, has strong anti-sliding friction capability, higher impact toughness value and strong impact resistance, has better relative motion performance between joints, and is non-toxic. The thread pitch of the internal thread 13 of the wrist joint intramedullary nail is 1mm, and the wrist joint intramedullary nail can be directly screwed to the bottom without position alignment during screwing.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel wrist prosthesis comprising: a wrist joint broach (1), a fastening screw (2), a spherical cushion block (3) and a radius broach (4); the radius intramedullary nail (4) is connected with the spherical cushion block (3) in a sliding mode, and the wrist joint intramedullary nail (1) is fixedly connected with the spherical cushion block (3);

the wrist joint intramedullary nail clamping device is characterized in that a square protruding buckle (31) is arranged on the end face of the spherical cushion block (3), a square hole is formed in the end face of the wrist joint intramedullary nail (1) inwards, a wrist joint intramedullary nail internal thread (13) is arranged inwards along the square hole, the protruding buckle (31) is clamped with the square hole, and the fastening screw (2) is screwed with the wrist joint intramedullary nail internal thread (13).

2. The novel wrist joint prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that a threaded hole is formed in the raised buckle (31), and the screw thread (21) of the fastening screw (2) is screwed with the internal thread (13) of the wrist joint broach and the internal thread of the threaded hole simultaneously.

3. The new wrist joint prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that a square hole snap is provided inside the square hole, and the square hole snap is engaged with the convex snap (31).

4. The new wrist prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the wrist broach (1) is composed of a plurality of blades, the outer part of which is provided with a plurality of anti-slip grooves (12) at equal intervals.

5. The novel wrist joint prosthesis according to claim 4, wherein the outer portion of the plurality of blades is tapered, the inner portion of the plurality of blades is provided with wrist broach blade threads, and the opening angle of the plurality of blades is adjusted by screwing the fastening screw (2) and the wrist broach blade threads.

6. The new wrist prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that a wrist broach external thread (11) is provided along the end face extension of the wrist broach (1).

7. The new wrist prosthesis according to claim 5, characterized in that the intramedullary nail (4) is connected with the ball-shaped spacer (3) through a sliding block, and the outer surface of the intramedullary nail (4) is covered with a porous trabecular bone (41).

8. The new wrist joint prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that the intramedullary nail (4) is formed by 3D printing of titanium alloy and the trabecular cancellous bone (41) is irregular in shape.

9. The new wrist joint prosthesis according to claim 6 is characterized in that the surface coating of the wrist joint broach (1) is sprayed with Ti + HA active material, and the ball-shaped cushion block (3) is made of highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular material containing vitamin E.

10. The new wrist prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch of the internal thread (13) of the wrist broach is 1 mm.