CN210799206U

CN210799206U - Fuel injection pump and engine

Info

Publication number: CN210799206U
Application number: CN201921857045.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于泓昊
Original assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to a marine engine technical field discloses an injection pump and engine. The oil injection pump comprises a pump shell, an oil outlet valve, a plunger sleeve, a plunger and a timing adjusting mechanism, wherein a stepped hole extending along the axial direction of the pump shell is formed in the pump shell, the oil outlet valve is arranged on the pump shell and communicated with the stepped hole, the plunger sleeve is arranged in the stepped hole, the timing adjusting mechanism comprises a timing adjusting gear, a floating block and a timing driving piece, the floating block is in threaded connection with the timing adjusting gear, one end of the timing adjusting gear is abutted against a hole shoulder of the stepped hole, and the other end of the timing adjusting gear is abutted against the end part of the plunger sleeve, so that the timing adjusting gear cannot move up and down along the axial direction; the timing driving piece can drive the timing adjusting gear to rotate so as to drive the floating block to move in the direction close to or far away from the plunger sleeve, so that the distance between the lower end face of the floating block and the upper end face of the plunger is adjusted, the time of plugging the lower end of the floating block by the plunger is adjusted, the oil injection time is changed, and the variable timing of oil injection is realized.

Description

Fuel injection pump and engine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a marine engine technical field especially relates to an injection pump and engine.

Background

At present, most of marine mechanical fuel injection pumps are driven by cams, and because the relationship between the rotation angle of a cam shaft and the injection time of the fuel injection pump is fixed, the injection time cannot be changed along with the change of the rotating speed of an engine, so that the good unification of the dynamic property and the fuel economy is difficult to realize.

Therefore, a need exists for an injection pump that addresses the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an injection pump to solve the problem that injection pump's injection time can not change among the prior art, can adjust the oil spout in right time, compromise dynamic property and economic nature.

Another object of the utility model is to provide an engine, through using above-mentioned injection pump, can adjust the oil spout in right time, has compromise dynamic property and economic nature.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

the utility model provides an injection pump, includes pump case, delivery valve, plunger bushing and plunger, be provided with the shoulder hole along its axial extension on the pump case, the delivery valve lid is established on the pump case and with the shoulder hole intercommunication, the plunger bushing sets up in the shoulder hole, the one end of plunger is worn to establish in the plunger bushing, injection pump still includes adjustment mechanism in right time, adjustment mechanism in right time includes:

one end of the timing adjusting gear is abutted with the hole shoulder of the stepped hole, the other end of the timing adjusting gear is abutted with the end part of the plunger sleeve, and internal threads are arranged on the timing adjusting gear;

one end of the floating block is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear, and the other end of the floating block is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve in a penetrating way;

and the timing driving part can drive the timing adjusting gear to rotate so as to drive the floating block to move in a direction close to or far away from the plunger, so that the distance from the lower end surface of the floating block to the upper end surface of the plunger is adjusted.

Furthermore, the floating block comprises a limiting portion and a guiding portion, external threads matched with the internal threads of the timing adjusting gear are arranged on the limiting portion, the limiting portion can be abutted to the end portion of the plunger sleeve, and the guiding portion is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve in a penetrating mode.

Furthermore, a stepped plunger hole is formed in the plunger sleeve, the guide part is slidably arranged in the plunger hole, and the end part of the guide part can be abutted against a hole shoulder of the plunger hole.

Furthermore, a first oil groove extending along the axial direction of the plunger sleeve is arranged on the plunger sleeve, the first oil groove penetrates through the outer wall of the plunger sleeve, and the first oil groove is an elongated groove extending along the axial direction of the plunger sleeve.

Further, the first oil groove is an open groove, and the opening of the first oil groove faces the slider.

Furthermore, one end of the plunger slidably penetrates through the plunger hole, a second oil groove is formed in the end portion of the plunger, and the plunger can rotate relative to the plunger sleeve, so that the second oil groove is communicated with the first oil groove.

Further, the injection pump still includes injection quantity adjustment mechanism, injection quantity adjustment mechanism includes:

the oil injection quantity adjusting gear is sleeved on the plunger and is fixedly connected with the plunger;

and the oil injection amount driving part can drive the oil injection amount adjusting gear to rotate so as to drive the plunger to rotate, so that the second oil groove is communicated with the first oil groove.

Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in the oil injection quantity adjusting gear, a flat shaft-shaped clamping portion is arranged on the plunger, and the clamping portion is matched with the clamping groove, so that the plunger and the oil injection quantity adjusting gear are relatively static in the circumferential direction.

Further, the timing driving part is a rack which can be meshed with the timing adjusting gear; and/or

The oil injection amount driving piece is a rack which can be meshed with the oil injection amount adjusting gear.

An engine comprising an injection pump as described above.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model provides an oil injection pump, including the pump case, the delivery valve, the plunger bushing, timing adjustment mechanism and plunger, be provided with along its axially extended shoulder on the pump case, the delivery valve lid is established on the pump case and is linked together with the shoulder, the plunger bushing sets up in the shoulder, the plunger wears to establish in the plunger bushing, timing adjustment mechanism includes timing adjusting gear, slider and timing driving piece, timing adjusting gear's one end is with the hole shoulder looks butt of shoulder, its other end is with the tip looks butt of plunger bushing, so that timing adjusting gear can not follow the up-and-down motion of axial; the timing adjusting gear is provided with internal threads, one end of the floating block is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the timing adjusting gear, and the other end of the floating block is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve in a penetrating mode; the timing driving piece can drive the timing adjusting gear to rotate so as to drive the floating block to move in the direction close to or far away from the plunger, so that the distance between the lower end face of the floating block and the upper end face of the plunger is adjusted, the time of plugging the lower end of the floating block by the plunger is adjusted, the oil injection time is changed, and the oil injection timing can be adjusted.

The utility model provides an engine through using above-mentioned injection pump, can adjust the oil spout in right time, has compromise dynamic property and economic nature.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil injection pump according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pump housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an injection pump provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fuel injection pump provided in the embodiment of the present invention with a pump case removed;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the plunger sleeve and the fuel injection amount adjusting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the cooperation between the plunger sleeve and the plunger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a plunger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

100-a pressurizing cavity;

1-a pump casing; 11-a stepped hole;

2-an oil outlet valve;

3-plunger sleeve; 31-a first oil sump; 32-plunger hole;

4-a timing adjustment mechanism; 41-timing adjustment gear; 42-a slider; 421-a limit part; 422-a guide part; 43-a timing drive;

5-a plunger; 51-a second oil sump; 52-a clamping part;

6-oil injection quantity adjusting mechanism; 61-oil injection amount adjusting gear; 62-fuel injection amount driving member;

7-roller tappet;

8-a roller;

9-roller pin.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below by referring to the drawings and the detailed description.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships that are usually placed when the product is used, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only or to distinguish between different structures or components and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides an injection pump, which includes a pump housing 1, an oil outlet valve 2, a plunger sleeve 3, a timing adjustment mechanism 4 and a plunger 5, wherein a stepped hole 11 extending along an axial direction of the pump housing 1 is provided on the pump housing 1, the oil outlet valve 2 is covered on the pump housing 1 and is communicated with the stepped hole 11, the plunger sleeve 3 is provided in the stepped hole 11, and the timing adjustment mechanism 4 is used for adjusting a movement stroke of the plunger 5 to change a movement time of the plunger 5, so as to change an injection time, and thus, adjustment of an injection timing can be achieved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the timing adjustment mechanism 4 includes a timing adjustment gear 41, a slider 42, and a timing driver 43, one end of the timing adjustment gear 41 abuts against a shoulder of the stepped hole 11, and the other end thereof abuts against an end of the plunger barrel 3, so that the timing adjustment gear 41 cannot move up and down along the axial direction; an internal thread is arranged on the timing adjusting gear 41, an external thread matched with the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear 41 is arranged at one end of the floating block 42, and the other end of the floating block is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve 3 in a penetrating way; the timing drive member 43 can drive the timing adjustment gear 41 to rotate to move the slider 42 in a direction approaching or separating from the plunger 5, so as to adjust the distance between the lower end surface of the slider 42 and the upper end surface of the plunger 5.

In short, the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear 41 and the external thread of the floating block 42 are matched to form a screw-nut mechanism, and the timing adjusting gear 41 can only rotate but cannot move up and down under the abutting action of the shoulder of the stepped hole 11 and the end of the plunger sleeve 3, so that when the timing adjusting gear 41 rotates, the floating block 42 in threaded connection with the timing adjusting gear can move up and down along the shaft to adjust the distance between the lower end surface of the floating block 42 and the upper end surface of the plunger 5, thereby adjusting the movement stroke of the plunger 5.

Further, the plunger sleeve 3 is provided with a first oil groove 31 extending along the axial direction thereof, the floating block 42 is provided with a pressurizing chamber 100 communicating with the oil outlet valve 2, and the pressurizing chamber 100 can also communicate with the first oil groove 31.

Preferably, the fuel injection pump provided by the embodiment further comprises a roller tappet 7, a roller 8 and a roller pin 9, and when the fuel injection pump operates, fuel enters an oil cavity between the pump shell 1 and the plunger sleeve 3 through a pipeline. The roller 8, the roller pin 9 and the roller tappet 7 move downwards along with the change of the cam profile and drive the plunger 5 to move downwards together. The plunger 5 moves downward while sucking fuel from the oil chamber between the pump housing 1 and the plunger barrel 3 into the plunger hole 31 of the plunger barrel 3 through the first oil groove 31 between the slider 42 and the plunger barrel 3, and then into the pressurizing chamber 100. Then, the roller 8, the roller pin 9 and the roller tappet 7 move upwards along with the change of the cam profile, and drive the plunger 5 to move upwards together. When plunger 5 travels to the lower edge of slider 42, fuel in pressurizing chamber 100 cannot escape through first oil groove 31 in plunger sleeve 3 any more. The plunger 5 compresses the remaining fuel to a pressure that reaches the opening pressure of the delivery valve 2, and then, the fuel is discharged to the outside of the injector through the opened delivery valve 2.

Illustratively, in the present embodiment, when the slider 42 is moved downward by adjusting the timing drive 43, the distance from the lower end face of the slider 42 to the upper end face of the plunger 5 is shortened, thereby shortening the time for the plunger 5 to block the pressurizing chamber 100 on the slider 42, i.e., shortening the oil injection time; when the timing drive 43 is adjusted to move the slider 42 upward, the distance from the lower end surface of the slider 42 to the upper end surface of the plunger 5 increases, so that the time for the plunger 5 to block the pressurizing chamber 100 on the slider 42, that is, the injection time increases.

Preferably, the timing driving member 43 is a rack gear engaged with the timing adjusting gear 41, and by horizontally moving the rack gear, the timing adjusting gear 41 can be rotated to move the slider 42 in the axial direction. In other embodiments, the timing driver 43 may also be a gear, which also achieves the above-mentioned effect.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, a scale is provided on the rack so as to calculate the ascending or descending displacement of the slider 42 according to the distance the rack is horizontally moved and the pitch of the threads of the threaded connection of the timing adjustment gear 41 and the slider 42.

Preferably, the slider 42 includes a limiting portion 421 and a guiding portion 422, the limiting portion 421 is provided with an external thread matching with the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear 41, the limiting portion 421 can be abutted against the end of the plunger sleeve 3, and the guiding portion 422 is slidably inserted into the plunger sleeve 3. The displacement amount of the slider 42 can be limited by providing the stopper portion 421, and specifically, the displacement amount of the slider 42 is determined by the distance from the shoulder of the stepped hole 11 to the bottom end of the stopper portion 421. In addition, guide 422 is clearance fit with the inner wall of plunger barrel 3, and it is to be guaranteed that guide 422 can follow the axial motion of plunger barrel 3 promptly, and it is to be guaranteed again that first oil groove 31 can be blocked to the outer wall of guide 422.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, a plunger hole 32 having a stepped shape is provided in the plunger sleeve 3, the guide portion 422 is slidably provided in the plunger hole 32, and an end portion of the guide portion 422 can abut against a shoulder of the plunger hole 32 to further limit the displacement amount of the slider 42.

Preferably, first oil groove 31 penetrates the outer wall of plunger sleeve 3, and first oil groove 31 is an elongated groove extending in the axial direction of plunger sleeve 3, so that the area of the portion where first oil groove 31 communicates with plunger hole 32, that is, the area of the portion where first oil groove 31 communicates with pressurizing chamber 100, is adjusted by adjusting floating block 42 up and down.

Illustratively, the first oil groove 31 is an open groove, and the opening of the first oil groove 31 faces the slider 42. In this embodiment, first oil groove 31 includes a U-shaped groove provided on the outer wall of plunger sleeve 3 and a groove provided on the shoulder of the hole, the groove communicating the U-shaped groove with plunger hole 32, and plunger hole 32 communicating with pressurizing chamber 100.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the fuel injection pump further includes a plunger 5, one end of the plunger 5 is slidably inserted into the plunger hole 32, a second oil groove 51 is provided on an end portion of the plunger 5, and the plunger 5 is capable of rotating relative to the plunger sleeve 3 so that the second oil groove 51 communicates with the first oil groove 31.

Illustratively, in the present embodiment, when the slider 42 moves upward, that is, the slider 42 moves away from the plunger sleeve 3, the area of the portion where the first oil groove 31 communicates with the pressurizing chamber 100 is increased, so that the oil flow rate is increased, the flow rate of the oil in the pressurizing chamber 100 flowing out through the first oil groove 31 is increased, and the upward resistance of the plunger 5 is reduced; when the slider 42 moves downward, that is, the slider 42 approaches the plunger sleeve 3, the area of the portion where the first oil groove 31 communicates with the pressurizing chamber 100 is reduced, the flow rate of the oil in the pressurizing chamber 100 flowing out through the first oil groove 31 is reduced, and the upward resistance of the plunger 5 is increased.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the fuel injection pump further includes a fuel injection amount adjusting mechanism 6, which includes a fuel injection amount adjusting gear 61 and a fuel injection amount driving member 62, wherein the fuel injection amount adjusting gear 61 is sleeved on the plunger 5 and is fixedly connected with the plunger 5; the injection amount driving member 62 can drive the injection amount adjusting gear 61 to rotate the plunger 5, so that the second oil groove 51 communicates with the first oil groove 31.

Particularly, be provided with the joint groove on the injection quantity adjusting gear 61, be provided with flat axle form joint portion 52 on the plunger 5, joint portion 52 cooperatees with the joint groove to make plunger 5 and injection quantity adjusting gear 61 circumferentially static relatively, thereby can drive plunger 5 when making injection quantity adjusting gear 61 rotate and rotate.

Preferably, the injection amount driving member 62 is a rack gear, and the rack gear is capable of meshing with the injection amount adjusting gear 61. By horizontally moving the rack, the injection amount adjusting gear 61 can be rotated to rotate the plunger 5. In other embodiments, the injection amount driver 62 may be a gear, which also achieves the above-mentioned effect.

Alternatively, a scale is provided on the rack so as to calculate the angle of rotation of the fuel injection amount adjusting gear 61 and the plunger 5 according to the distance of horizontal movement of the rack, to determine the communication condition of the second oil groove 51 and the first oil groove 31.

As shown in fig. 7, the second oil groove 51 includes a U-shaped groove provided on the end portion of the outer wall of the plunger 5 and a spiral groove communicating with the U-shaped groove, the spiral groove being provided on the outer wall of the plunger 5.

The embodiment also provides an engine, including foretell injection pump, through using above-mentioned injection pump, can adjust the oil spout timing, compromise dynamic nature and economic nature.

It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an injection pump, includes pump case (1), delivery valve (2), plunger bushing (3) and plunger (5), be provided with on pump case (1) along its axial extension shoulder hole (11), delivery valve (2) lid is established on pump case (1) and with shoulder hole (11) are linked together, plunger bushing (3) set up in shoulder hole (11), the one end of plunger (5) is worn to establish in plunger bushing (3), its characterized in that, injection pump still includes adjustment mechanism (4) in right time, adjustment mechanism (4) in right time includes:

a timing adjusting gear (41), one end of which is abutted against the shoulder of the stepped hole (11), the other end of which is abutted against the end of the plunger sleeve (3), wherein the timing adjusting gear (41) is provided with an internal thread;

a floating block (42), one end of which is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear (41), and the other end of which is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve (3) in a penetrating way;

and the timing driving piece (43) can drive the timing adjusting gear (41) to rotate so as to drive the floating block (42) to move in a direction close to or far away from the plunger (5), so that the distance between the lower end face of the floating block (42) and the upper end face of the plunger (5) is adjusted.

2. The injection pump of claim 1, wherein the slider (42) comprises a limiting portion (421) and a guiding portion (422), wherein an external thread matching with the internal thread of the timing adjusting gear (41) is arranged on the limiting portion (421), the limiting portion (421) can abut against the end of the plunger sleeve (3), and the guiding portion (422) is slidably arranged in the plunger sleeve (3).

3. The injection pump of claim 2, characterized in that the plunger sleeve (3) is provided with a stepped plunger bore (32), the guide portion (422) is slidably disposed in the plunger bore (32), and an end portion of the guide portion (422) is capable of abutting against a bore shoulder of the plunger bore (32).

4. The injection pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the plunger sleeve (3) is provided with a first oil groove (31) extending in the axial direction thereof, the first oil groove (31) penetrating the outer wall of the plunger sleeve (3), and the first oil groove (31) is an elongated groove extending in the axial direction of the plunger sleeve (3).

5. The injection pump of claim 4, wherein the first oil groove (31) is an open groove, the opening of the first oil groove (31) facing the slider (42).

6. The injection pump of claim 4, wherein one end of the plunger (5) is slidably disposed through the plunger bore (32), and a second oil groove (51) is provided on an end portion of the plunger (5), and the plunger (5) is rotatable relative to the plunger sleeve (3) to communicate the second oil groove (51) with the first oil groove (31).

7. The injection pump according to claim 6, further comprising an injection amount adjusting mechanism (6), the injection amount adjusting mechanism (6) comprising:

the oil injection quantity adjusting gear (61) is sleeved on the plunger (5) and is fixedly connected with the plunger (5);

and the fuel injection amount driving part (62) can drive the fuel injection amount adjusting gear (61) to rotate so as to drive the plunger (5) to rotate, so that the second oil groove (51) is communicated with the first oil groove (31).

8. The injection pump according to claim 7, wherein the injection amount adjusting gear (61) is provided with a catching groove, the plunger (5) is provided with a flat shaft-shaped catching portion (52), and the catching portion (52) is fitted with the catching groove so that the plunger (5) and the injection amount adjusting gear (61) are relatively stationary in the circumferential direction.

9. The injection pump according to claim 8, characterized in that the timing drive (43) is a rack which can be brought into engagement with the timing adjusting gear (41); and/or

The oil injection amount driving piece (62) is a rack which can be meshed with the oil injection amount adjusting gear (61).

10. An engine comprising an injection pump according to any of claims 1 to 9.