CN210796151U

CN210796151U - Pyrolysis processing device for preparing biological carbon from sludge

Info

Publication number: CN210796151U
Application number: CN201920897288.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 利锋; 黄永
Original assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Current assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority date: 2019-06-14
Filing date: 2019-06-14
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge, which comprises a heat preservation shell, a carbonization chamber, a stirring device and a discharge conveying device, wherein the upper end of the heat preservation shell is provided with a sealing cover which is sequentially provided with a nitrogen inlet, a material inlet, the stirring device, a waste gas outlet and a sensor; a heating coil is arranged between the carbonization chamber and the heat-insulating shell, the heating coil is spirally arranged around the carbonization chamber, a cooling coil is arranged between the discharging assembly and the heat-insulating shell, and the cooling coil is spirally arranged around the discharging pipeline; the device can effectively utilize the resources and energy of the sludge, has simple equipment and low input cost, and the four equipment are mutually matched to jointly complete the carbonization and conveying work of the sludge, so the device is simple to operate, can continuously produce and obviously improves the production efficiency.

Description

Pyrolysis processing device for preparing biological carbon from sludge

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a biological carbon preparation technical field, concretely relates to pyrolysis processing device of biological carbon of mud preparation.

Background

With the enhancement of economic development and the enhancement of environmental protection consciousness of people, the town sewage treatment industry is continuously developed, the total treated water quantity and the treatment degree of a sewage plant are continuously enlarged and improved, and the generated sludge quantity is increased day by day. The investment and operation cost of sludge treatment and disposal are high, if the sludge treatment and disposal is not proper, secondary pollution is caused, which becomes a difficult problem in the field of environmental protection and is concerned. Waste recycling is the hot issue of current treatment, and scientists refer to a carbonaceous material which is formed by dry distillation and pyrolysis of biomass as a raw material in an oxygen-free state as "biochar". Many scientists are entitled biochar "black gold". The biochar can stably exist in nature for a long time, has the functions of lasting fertile field and fertile soil, promoting the propagation of microorganisms in the soil, promoting the growth of plants, absorbing carbon dioxide and reducing the carbon dioxide in the air; the biochar is rich in micropores, so that the organic matter content of soil can be supplemented, the air permeability and the drainage of the soil can be improved, the moisture required by the root of the plant can be stored, the moisture and the nutrients can be effectively preserved, and the soil fertility can be improved.

Because the biochar has such advantages, the process and the device for preparing the biochar from the solid waste are emerging nationwide, but the process and the device for preparing the biochar from the solid waste can be industrially applied, and the large-scale production is not reported, and basically stays in a laboratory and a pilot-scale test stage. The hydrothermal carbonization technology is not limited by the water content of the biomass raw material, so that the requirement and the consumption on pretreatment are reduced, and the application range of the carbonization technology is greatly expanded. Besides the high energy consumption drying treatment is omitted, the sludge can be solved on the spot, the transportation cost is saved, in addition, the reaction condition of the hydrothermal carbonization is milder (generally between 180 ℃ and 350 ℃), the treatment speed is faster, and the solid yield is higher. Most of devices for preparing the biochar in the prior art are large in equipment and high in production cost; and small-size precision equipment mainly used experimental study is used, is unfavorable for the popularization and application of mud biological carbon technique, and in addition, some devices have the device structure unreasonable, operate complicated scheduling problem, can't serialization operation, work efficiency is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide a pyrolysis processingequipment of mud preparation biochar, the device can effectively utilize the resource and the energy of mud, and the device is including four units of heat preservation casing, carbonization room, agitating unit and ejection of compact conveyor, and equipment is simple, and the input cost is low, and four equipment mutually support and accomplish the carbonization and the transport work of mud jointly, easy operation, serialization production improves production efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge comprises a heat-insulating shell, a carbonization chamber, a stirring device and a discharge conveying device; the heat-preservation shell is arranged on the mounting frame; the upper end of the heat-preservation shell is provided with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is sequentially provided with a nitrogen inlet, a material inlet, a stirring device, a waste gas outlet and a sensor; the heat-insulation shell is provided with a cylinder flange and an installation flange, the cylinder flange is positioned at the edge of the upper side of the heat-insulation shell, the installation flange is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder flange, the cylinder flange is tightly connected with the installation flange, and the installation flange is matched with the cylinder flange; the material inlet is provided with a second sealing valve; a carbonization chamber, a discharging assembly and a discharging conveying device are arranged in the heat-insulating shell, the discharging assembly is arranged below the carbonization chamber, and the discharging conveying device is arranged below the discharging assembly; the discharging assembly comprises a discharging pipeline arranged at the bottom end of the carbonization chamber, at least two discharging rollers are rotatably arranged in the discharging pipeline, a discharging channel is formed between the two discharging rollers, and the two discharging rollers are respectively connected with a driving motor; the discharging roller is provided with a bulge; the sensors comprise a concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor;

a plurality of bulges are arranged on the inner side surface of the heat-insulating shell; a heating coil is arranged between the carbonization chamber and the heat-insulating shell, the heating coil is spirally arranged around the carbonization chamber, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet are formed in two ends of the heating coil, a heat medium outlet is formed in the upper end of the heating coil, a heat medium inlet is formed in the tail end of the heating coil, a cooling coil is arranged between the discharging assembly and the heat-insulating shell, a cold medium inlet and a cold medium outlet are formed in two ends of the cooling coil respectively, the cold medium inlet is formed in the tail end of the cooling coil, and the cold medium outlet is formed in the upper end of the cooling coil and is spirally arranged around the discharging pipeline; the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the heat-insulating shell.

Preferably, the carbonization chamber bottom surface is sandwich structure, the carbonization chamber bottom surface is provided with first through-hole, slide in the sandwich structure be provided with first through-hole assorted activity sliding door subassembly, one side of activity sliding door subassembly runs through in proper order one side of heat preservation casing and carbonization chamber.

Preferably, the movable sliding door assembly comprises a sliding plate arranged in the sandwich structure in a sliding mode, one side of the sliding plate penetrates through the carbonization chamber and the heat preservation shell and is fixedly connected with a pulling plate, and a handle is arranged on one side, far away from the sliding plate, of the pulling plate.

Preferably, the stirring device comprises a working motor arranged at the top end of the sealing cover, a rotating shaft is arranged on an output shaft of the working motor, a spiral stirring sheet is arranged on the rotating shaft, second through holes are formed in the spiral stirring sheet and the rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the carbonization chamber and is rotatably connected with the bottom end of the carbonization chamber.

Preferably, the welding of rotation axis bottom has rotatory separation blade, the upper surface of rotatory separation blade with carbonization room bottom is contradicted, rotatory separation blade with first through-hole phase-match.

Preferably, the spiral stirring sheet is arranged in a diameter-variable manner, and the radius of the lower part of the spiral stirring sheet is larger than that of the upper part of the spiral stirring sheet.

Preferably, a first sealing valve is arranged on the waste gas outlet, and a port of the first sealing valve is connected with the gas purification and separation device.

Preferably, a gap of 3-10cm is reserved between the heating coil and the heat-insulating shell and between the heating coil and the carbonization chamber, and a gap of 2-5cm is reserved between the cooling coil and the heat-insulating shell and between the cooling coil and the discharging assembly.

Preferably, one end of the nitrogen inlet extending into the carbonization chamber is provided with a pressure distributor; the bottom of the carbonization chamber is connected with a waste liquid treatment device, a double-layer filter screen is arranged in the waste liquid treatment device, a liquid level display device is arranged on one side of the waste liquid treatment device, and round holes of 3-8mm are uniformly formed in the double-layer filter screen.

Preferably, the gas purification and separation device comprises a gas inlet pipe, a pressure display and a gas outlet valve, wherein the gas inlet pipe is Z-shaped, an upper pipeline is connected with a waste gas outlet, and gas outlet holes with the aperture of 5-8mm and the distance of 10-15cm are uniformly arranged on a lower pipeline of the gas inlet pipe; the gas outlet valve is positioned at the upper part of the gas purification and separation device, and the gas purification and separation device is also provided with a pressure display.

Preferably, the discharging assembly comprises a discharging pipeline arranged at the bottom end of the carbonization chamber, at least two discharging rollers are rotatably arranged in the discharging pipeline, a discharging channel is formed between the discharging rollers, and the discharging rollers are respectively connected with a driving motor.

A pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge and a using method thereof comprise the following steps: firstly, a movable sliding door assembly is installed to seal the bottom end of a carbonization chamber, then dried and pyrolyzed sludge is fed into the carbonization chamber through a material inlet to be carbonized, firstly, a second sealing valve is closed to prevent air from entering, when the temperature of the carbonization chamber reaches 300-500 ℃, nitrogen is introduced from a nitrogen inlet to be blown and swept, then, a working motor is started to stir the sludge, on one hand, the sludge is uniformly heated, on the other hand, a rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the working motor to further drive a spiral stirring sheet to rotate, the spiral stirring sheet rotates at a low speed, the sludge is passively lifted, the sludge at the edge of the spiral stirring sheet slides off from the spiral stirring sheet under the action of self gravity along with the smaller radius of the spiral stirring sheet, the pyrolysis reaction is promoted, and simultaneously, the caked sludge is broken up due to collision in the falling process, promoting the pyrolysis, wherein waste gas generated in the pyrolysis process enters a gas purification and separation device for treatment, and generated waste liquid enters a waste liquid treatment device for treatment;

when pyrolysis is finished, a hot medium inlet is closed, a cold medium inlet is opened, a discharging assembly is kept at 18-25 ℃, a movable sliding door assembly is pulled open, at the moment, the rotary retaining sheet continuously performs rotary motion and is matched with the first through hole to realize indirect discharging, the phenomenon that a large amount of carbonized sludge instantly flows into the discharging assembly to cause congestion is relieved, meanwhile, a cooling coil pipe rapidly cools carbonized products slowly flowing into the discharging assembly, the sludge continuously flows out from a carbonization chamber to the discharging assembly under the matching of the through hole and the rotary retaining sheet, the carbonized sludge enters the discharging assembly and then is firstly contacted with a discharging roller and a discharging channel, the two discharging rollers are respectively connected with driving motors, the rotating directions of the two driving motors are opposite, so that the sludge in the carbonization chamber can be promoted to pass through the discharging channel, smoothly enters the discharging and conveying device, and the waste liquid generated in the process enters a waste liquid treatment device.

The utility model particularly uses the heating coil pipe to wind the material in the hydrothermal carbonization chamber, and simultaneously uses the cooling coil pipe to wind the discharging component, so as to rapidly cool the carbonized sludge by utilizing the heat exchange principle, thereby improving the production efficiency; the hydrothermal carbonization chamber separates the materials from the internal cooling coil pipe, thereby being beneficial to the collection and the stirring of the materials; to sum up, the utility model discloses an innovation point is as follows: 1) the structure is reasonable, the carbonization efficiency is high, and the preparation of the sludge biochar by a hydrothermal method is facilitated; 2) the equipment integration degree is high, the operation is simple and convenient, the maintenance difficulty is low, the continuous production is convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model uses the heating coil to wind the material in the hydrothermal carbonization chamber, and simultaneously uses the cooling coil to wind the discharging component, and the carbonized sludge is rapidly cooled by using the heat exchange principle, thereby improving the production efficiency; the hydrothermal carbonization chamber separates the materials from the internal cooling coil pipe, thereby being beneficial to the collection and the stirring of the materials; the utility model discloses rational in infrastructure, carbonization efficiency is high, does benefit to and carries out the preparation of hydrothermal method to the biological carbon of mud.

2. In the utility model, the nitrogen inlet is filled with nitrogen and is discharged from the waste gas outlet, thus ensuring the requirement of the reaction on the anoxic environment; gas generated in the reaction process is discharged from a waste gas outlet, and a gas purification and separation device is arranged at the same time so as to avoid polluting the environment; the sensor is arranged and is mainly used for detecting the temperature, the pressure and the oxygen concentration of the equipment, so that the safety of the equipment and the smooth proceeding of the hydrothermal carbonization reaction are ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of a heat-insulating shell of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the interior of a carbonization chamber and a discharge assembly of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbonization chamber, a stirring device, a discharging conveying device and a discharging assembly of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a splitting structure of a carbonization chamber, a stirring device, a discharging conveying device and a discharging assembly of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring device and a rotating baffle of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a carbonization chamber, a stirring device and a rotary baffle of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view in the direction a of fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharge assembly of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a waste liquid treatment device 29 of a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge, and a schematic diagram of a double-layer filter screen 291 and a liquid level display device 292 included in the waste liquid treatment device.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a gas cleaning and separating device of a pyrolysis processing device for producing biochar from sludge, and an exhaust gas treatment device 24 is included.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a protrusion 6 on the inner surface of the heat preservation shell of the pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge.

The various components in the figure are as follows:

the device comprises a mounting rack 1, a heat preservation shell 2, a carbonization chamber 3, a stirring device 4, a working motor 401, a rotating shaft 402, a spiral stirring sheet 403, a second through hole 404, a discharging conveying device 5, a cylinder flange 6, a mounting flange 7, a sealing cover 8, a nitrogen inlet 9, a material inlet 10, an exhaust gas outlet 11, a sensor 12, a concentration sensor 121, a temperature sensor 122, a pressure sensor 123, a discharging assembly 13, a discharging pipeline 131, a discharging roller 132, a protrusion 133, a discharging channel 134, a driving motor 135, a first through hole 14, a movable sliding door assembly 15, a sliding plate 151, a pulling plate 152, a handle 153, a heating coil 16, a heating medium inlet 17, a heating medium outlet 18, a cooling coil 19, a cooling medium inlet 20, a cooling medium outlet 21, a rotating baffle 22, a first sealing valve 23, a gas purification and separation device 24, a pressure distributor 25, a protrusion 26, a second sealing valve 27, A drain opening 28, a waste liquid treatment device 29, an air inlet pipe 241, a pressure display 242 and an air outlet valve 243.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the utility model discloses a pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge, which comprises a mounting frame 1, a heat preservation shell 2, a carbonization chamber 3, a stirring device 4 and a discharge conveying device 5, wherein the heat preservation shell 2 is clamped on the mounting frame 1, the mounting frame 1 is used for supporting the heat preservation shell 2, a cylinder flange 6 is arranged at the upper end of the heat preservation shell 2, a mounting flange 7 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder flange 6, the mounting flange 7 is matched with the cylinder flange 6, a sealing cover 8 is arranged on the mounting flange 7, a nitrogen inlet 9, a material inlet 10, a stirring device 4, a waste gas outlet 11 and a sensor 12 are sequentially arranged on the sealing cover 8, the carbonization chamber 3, the discharge assembly 13 and the discharge conveying device 5 are arranged in the heat preservation shell 2, the top end of the carbonization chamber 3 is flush with the top end of the, the bottom surface of the carbonization chamber 3 is of a sandwich structure, the bottom end of the carbonization chamber 3 is provided with a waste liquid discharge port, the waste liquid discharge port is connected with a waste liquid treatment device 29, the bottom surface of the carbonization chamber 3 is provided with a first through hole 14, a movable sliding door component 15 matched with the first through hole 14 is arranged in the sandwich structure in a sliding way, one side of the movable sliding door component 15 penetrates through one side of the heat preservation shell 2 and one side of the carbonization chamber 3 in sequence, the movable sliding door component 15 is pulled open after pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge, the sludge flows out of the carbonization chamber 3 to the discharging component 13 and enters the discharging conveying device 5, a discharging component 13 is arranged below the movable sliding door component 15, a discharging conveying device 5 is arranged below the discharging component 13, the discharging and conveying device 5 adopts a shaftless propeller to convey carbonized sludge to the next procedure;

carbonization room 3 with be provided with heating coil 16 between heat preservation casing 2, heating coil 16 centers on carbonization room 3 spirals the setting, it passes through to have the hot medium among heating coil 16, through the heat exchange principle, right carbonization room 3 carries out the uniform heating, through the velocity of flow and the temperature of controlling the hot medium, can quick control temperature in carbonization room 3, heating coil 16 bottom sets up hot medium import 17, heating coil 16 top sets up hot medium export 18, ejection of compact subassembly 13 with be provided with cooling coil 19 between heat preservation casing 2, cooling coil 19 centers on ejection of compact pipeline 131 spirals the setting, 19 bottoms of cooling coil set up

cold medium import

20, 19 tops of cooling coil set up cold medium export 21, cooling coil 19 mainly used carbonization product's quick cooling.

In this embodiment, the sliding door assembly 15 includes a sliding plate 151 slidably disposed in a sandwich structure, one side of the sliding plate 151 sequentially penetrates through the carbonization chamber 3 and the heat preservation housing 2 to be fixedly connected with a pulling plate 152, a handle 153 is disposed on one side of the pulling plate 152 far away from the sliding plate 151, and a sealing ring is disposed at a contact position of the pulling plate 152 and the heat preservation housing 2.

In this embodiment, the stirring device 4 includes a working motor 401 disposed at the top end of the sealing cover 8, a rotating shaft 402 is disposed on an output shaft of the working motor 401, a spiral stirring blade 403 is disposed on the rotating shaft 402, a plurality of second through holes 404 are disposed on the spiral stirring blade 403 and the rotating shaft 402, the second through holes 404 are disposed to filter moisture in sludge and circulate hot air inside to improve heating efficiency, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 402 penetrates the carbonization chamber 3 and is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the carbonization chamber 3.

In this embodiment, a rotating baffle 22 is welded at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 402, the upper surface of the rotating baffle 22 abuts against the bottom end of the carbonization chamber 3, the rotating baffle 22 is driven by the rotating shaft 402 to rotate around the rotating shaft 402 so as to control carbonized sludge to enter the discharging pipe 131 assembly 13, the rotating baffle 22 is matched with the first through hole 14, the rotating baffle 22 continuously rotates and is matched with the first through hole 14 to realize indirect discharging, so that the phenomenon that the carbonized sludge instantly and largely gushes into the discharging assembly 13 to cause congestion is alleviated;

in the embodiment, aiming at the phenomena that the existing carbonization chamber cannot be well suitable for drying the sludge and the sludge is seriously agglomerated to cause blockage because the wet sludge has larger viscosity and is easy to agglomerate, the spiral stirring sheet 403 is set to be variable in diameter, the radius below the helical agitating blade 403 is larger than the radius above the helical agitating blade 403, the working motor 401 drives the rotating shaft 402 to rotate, further drives the spiral stirring blade 403 to rotate, the spiral stirring piece 403 rotates slowly, sludge is lifted passively, and along with the smaller radius of the spiral stirring piece 403, the sludge at the edge of the spiral stirring piece 403 slides down from the spiral stirring piece 403 under the action of self gravity to promote the proceeding of pyrolysis reaction, simultaneously, the agglomerated sludge is broken up due to collision in the falling process, and the pyrolysis is promoted to be carried out.

In this embodiment, the discharging component 13 includes a discharging pipe 131 disposed at the bottom end of the carbonization chamber 3, at least two discharging rollers 132 are disposed in the discharging pipe 131 in a rotating manner, two discharging rollers 132 are disposed in parallel, a protrusion 133 is disposed on the side surface of each discharging roller 132, the protrusion 133 extends along the axial direction of each discharging roller 132, a discharging channel 134 is formed between the discharging rollers 132, two driving motors 135 are connected to the discharging rollers 132 respectively, and the rotating directions of the driving motors 135 are opposite to each other, so that the sludge in the carbonization chamber 3 can pass through the discharging channel 134 and smoothly enter the discharging conveyor 5.

In this embodiment, the waste gas outlet 11 is provided with a first sealing valve 23, and a port of the first sealing valve is connected with a gas purification and separation device 24, wherein the gas purification and separation device 24 is mainly used for recycling the pyrolysis miscellaneous gas to prevent air pollution. This gas purification and separation device 24 includes intake pipe 241, pressure display 242, air outlet valve 243, waste gas that produces in the biological carbon preparation process of mud gets into gas purification and separation device 24 through intake pipe 241, gas purification and separation device is inside to contain alkaline treatment fluid (95% 5 mol/L's ethanol solution), get into alkaline treatment fluid and react with alkaline treatment fluid when the aperture that waste gas seted up around intake pipe 241, reach the purification and separation effect, gas purification and separation device 24 one side is provided with pressure display 242 in addition, when the gas pressure in gas purification and separation device 24 reaches more than 5KPa, air outlet valve 243 can be opened, the gas in the gas purification and separation device 24 is discharged.

In the embodiment, a gap of 3-10cm is reserved between the heating coil 16 and the heat-insulating shell 2 and the carbonization chamber 3 to ensure that the whole heat exchange process is effectively carried out, and a gap of 2-5cm is reserved between the cooling coil 19 and the heat-insulating shell 2 and the discharging assembly 13 to ensure that the cooling process is smoothly carried out.

In this embodiment, one end of the nitrogen inlet 9 extending into the carbonization chamber 3 is provided with a pressure distributor 25, and the pressure distributor 25 is used for uniformly dispersing gas into the carbonization chamber 3 to prevent the gas from instantaneously impacting sludge to cause solid dust.

In the present embodiment, the sensor 12 includes an oxygen concentration sensor 121, a temperature sensor 122 and a pressure sensor 123 provided on the sealing cover 8, the oxygen concentration inside the carbonization chamber 3 can be known by the oxygen concentration sensor 121 to ensure a low carbonization oxygen condition, the temperature sensor 122 is used to detect the pyrolysis temperature inside the carbonization chamber 3, and the pressure sensor 123 is used to detect the pressure condition inside the carbonization chamber 3.

In this embodiment, the heat-insulating housing 2 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 26 inside, so that the heat-absorbing area and the heat-transferring area are increased by times, and the heat emitted from the carbonization chamber 3 is absorbed and reflected to the maximum.

In this embodiment, the protrusion 26 is provided with a thermal insulation coating layer, such as ZS-233 high temperature heat reflection coating, the high temperature coating layer can improve heat absorption efficiency, effectively improve thermal insulation effect, on one hand, ensure safety of working environment, and on the other hand, effectively ensure that heat is not easily lost.

In this embodiment, a second sealing valve 27 is provided on the material inlet 10 for controlling the material to enter the carbonization chamber 3.

In this embodiment, a drain opening 28 is further disposed at the bottom of the thermal insulation casing 2, a drain valve is installed on the drain opening 28, and the drain opening 28 is used for timely discharging the liquid in the thermal insulation casing 2 so as to ensure a dry environment in the thermal insulation casing 2.

The working principle is as follows: the biochar preparation process is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere, the movable sliding door assembly 15 is installed firstly to seal the bottom end of the carbonization chamber 3, then the dried and pyrolyzed sludge is sent into the carbonization chamber 3 through the material inlet 10 to be carbonized, and the second sealing valve 27 is closed firstly to prevent air from entering. When the temperature of the carbonization chamber 3 reaches a preset value, nitrogen is introduced from the nitrogen inlet 9 for purging, then the working motor 401 is started, stirring the sludge, on one hand, to ensure the sludge to be uniformly heated, on the other hand, driving the rotating shaft 402 to rotate through the working motor 401, further driving the spiral stirring sheet 403 to rotate, the spiral stirring sheet 403 rotates slowly, the sludge is lifted passively, along with the smaller radius of the spiral stirring sheet 403, the sludge at the edge of the spiral stirring sheet 403 slides down from the spiral stirring sheet 403 under the action of self gravity, so as to promote the pyrolysis reaction, meanwhile, the agglomerated sludge is scattered due to collision in the falling process, so that the pyrolysis is promoted, the waste gas generated in the pyrolysis process enters the gas purification and separation device 24 for treatment, and the generated waste liquid enters the waste liquid treatment device 29 for treatment.

After pyrolysis is finished, the hot medium inlet 17 is closed, the cold medium inlet is opened, so that the discharging assembly 13 is kept at a lower temperature, the movable sliding door assembly 15 is pulled open, at the same time, the rotary baffle 22 continuously performs rotary motion, and simultaneously is matched with the first through hole 14 to realize indirect discharging, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of carbonized sludge instantly floods into the discharging assembly 13 to cause congestion is relieved, meanwhile, the cooling coil 19 rapidly cools carbonized products slowly flowing into the discharging assembly 13, the sludge continuously flows out of the carbonization chamber 3 to the discharging assembly 13 under the matching of the through hole 14 and the rotary baffle, the carbonized sludge firstly contacts with the discharging rollers 132 and the discharging channel 134 after entering the discharging assembly 13, the two discharging rollers 132 are respectively connected with driving motors 135, the rotation directions of the two driving motors 135 are opposite, so as to promote the sludge in the carbonization chamber 3 to pass through the discharging channel 134, get into smoothly among the ejection of compact conveyor 5, the waste liquid that produces at above-mentioned in-process gets into waste liquid treatment device 29, be provided with double-deck filter screen in the waste liquid treatment device 29, can filter the impurity that contains in the waste liquid, both sides set up filter screen 291 about the double-deck filter screen, its schematic diagram is shown on the right side of figure 10, waste liquid treatment device one side is equipped with liquid level display device 292, the waste liquid storage capacity in waste liquid treatment device 291 is judged to accessible 292, if the waste liquid storage capacity reaches the warning liquid level, need open waste liquid treatment device 291, take out the waste liquid, guarantee the normal operating of device.

The above description is a detailed description of the preferred practical embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment is not intended to limit the application scope of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes or modifications accomplished under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention should belong to the scope of the present invention covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge is characterized by comprising a heat-insulating shell (2), a carbonization chamber (3), a stirring device (4) and a discharge conveying device (5); the heat-insulation shell (2) is arranged on the mounting rack (1); a sealing cover (8) is arranged at the upper end of the heat-insulating shell (2), and a nitrogen inlet (9), a material inlet (10), a stirring device (4), an exhaust gas outlet (11) and a sensor (12) are sequentially arranged on the sealing cover (8); a cylinder flange (6) and an installation flange (7) are arranged on the heat-insulating shell (2), the cylinder flange (6) is located at the edge position of the upper side of the heat-insulating shell (2), the installation flange (7) is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder flange (6), the cylinder flange (6) is tightly connected with the installation flange (7), and the installation flange (7) is matched with the cylinder flange (6); a second sealing valve (27) is arranged on the material inlet (10); a carbonization chamber (3), a discharging assembly (13) and a discharging conveying device (5) are arranged in the heat-insulating shell (2), the discharging assembly (13) is arranged below the carbonization chamber (3), and the discharging conveying device (5) is arranged below the discharging assembly (13); the discharging assembly (13) comprises a discharging pipeline (131) arranged at the bottom end of the carbonization chamber (3), at least two discharging rollers (132) are arranged in the discharging pipeline (131) in a rotating mode, a discharging channel (134) is formed between the two discharging rollers (132), and the two discharging rollers (132) are respectively connected with a driving motor (135); the discharging roller (132) is provided with a protrusion (133); the sensor (12) comprises a concentration sensor (121), a temperature sensor (122) and a pressure sensor (123);

a plurality of bulges (26) are arranged on the inner side surface of the heat-insulating shell (2); a heating coil (16) is arranged between the carbonization chamber (3) and the heat-insulating shell (2), the heating coil (16) is spirally arranged around the carbonization chamber (3), a heat medium inlet (17) and a heat medium outlet (18) are arranged at two ends of the heating coil (16), the heat medium outlet (18) is arranged at the upper end of the heating coil (16), the heat medium inlet (17) is arranged at the tail end of the heating coil (16), a cooling coil (19) is arranged between the discharging component (13) and the heat-insulating shell (2), a cold medium inlet (20) and a cold medium outlet (21) are respectively formed in two ends of the cooling coil (19), the cold medium inlet (20) is arranged at the tail end of the cooling coil (19), and the cold medium outlet (21) is arranged at the upper end of the cooling coil (19) and is spirally arranged around the discharge pipeline (131); a water outlet (28) is arranged at the bottom of the heat preservation shell (2).

2. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the carbonization chamber (3) is of a sandwich structure, a first through hole (14) is formed in the bottom surface of the carbonization chamber (3), a movable sliding door assembly (15) matched with the first through hole (14) is arranged in the sandwich structure in a sliding mode, and one side of the movable sliding door assembly (15) penetrates through the heat-insulating shell (2) and one side of the carbonization chamber (3) in sequence.

3. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 2, wherein the movable sliding door assembly (15) comprises a sliding plate (151) which is slidably arranged in the sandwich structure, one side of the sliding plate (151) penetrates through the carbonization chamber (3) and the heat preservation shell (2) in sequence to be fixedly connected with a pulling plate (152), and a handle (153) is arranged on one side of the pulling plate (152) far away from the sliding plate (151).

4. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 1, wherein the stirring device (4) comprises a working motor (401) arranged at the top end of the sealing cover (8), a rotating shaft (402) is arranged on an output shaft of the working motor (401), a spiral stirring sheet (403) is arranged on the rotating shaft (402), second through holes (404) are arranged on the spiral stirring sheet (403) and the rotating shaft (402), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (402) penetrates through the carbonization chamber (3) and is rotatably connected with the bottom end of the carbonization chamber (3).

5. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 4, wherein a rotating baffle (22) is welded at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (402), the upper surface of the rotating baffle (22) is abutted against the bottom end of the carbonization chamber (3), and the rotating baffle (22) is matched with the first through hole (14).

6. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 4, wherein the spiral stirring sheet (403) is in a reducing arrangement, and the radius of the lower part of the spiral stirring sheet (403) is larger than that of the upper part of the spiral stirring sheet (403).

7. The pyrolysis processing device for preparing biochar from sludge according to the claim 1, characterized in that the waste gas outlet (11) is provided with a first sealing valve (23) which is connected with a gas purification and separation device (24); the gas purification and separation device (24) comprises a gas inlet pipe (241), a pressure display (242) and a gas outlet valve (243), wherein the gas inlet pipe (241) is Z-shaped, an upper pipeline is connected with the waste gas outlet (11), and gas outlet holes with the aperture of 5-8mm and the distance of 10-15cm are uniformly arranged on a lower pipeline of the gas inlet pipe (241); the gas outlet valve (243) is positioned at the upper part of the gas purification and separation device (24), and the gas purification and separation device (24) is also provided with a pressure display (242).

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gap of 3-10cm is left between the heating coil (16) and the thermal insulation casing (2) and the carbonization chamber (3), and a gap of 2-5cm is left between the cooling coil (19) and the thermal insulation casing (2) and the discharging assembly (13).

9. The pyrolysis processing apparatus for preparing biochar from sludge according to claim 1, wherein one end of the nitrogen inlet (9) extending into the carbonization chamber (3) is provided with a pressure distributor (25); the bottom of the carbonization chamber (3) is connected with a waste liquid treatment device (29), a double-layer filter screen (291) is arranged in the waste liquid treatment device, a liquid level display device (292) is arranged on one side of the waste liquid treatment device (29), and round holes of 3-8mm are uniformly formed in the double-layer filter screen (291).