CN210777410U

CN210777410U - Momentum conservation demonstrator for teaching

Info

Publication number: CN210777410U
Application number: CN201921791895.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高新春; 葛月红; 吴新民
Original assignee: Wuhu Keyuan Teaching Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhu Keyuan Teaching Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-23
Filing date: 2019-10-23
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of physics experimental equipment, in particular to a momentum conservation demonstrator for teaching, which comprises a base, a test board, a rolling test component and a sliding test component, wherein the bottom of the test board is provided with a mounting rack, one end of the test board is hinged at one end of the mounting rack, the other end of the mounting rack is provided with a lifter, and the base is provided with a controller, when the conservation of momentum needs to be demonstrated during teaching, firstly a static small ball is placed on a cambered surface slideway on the test board, then a small ball with certain initial speed is placed at the other end, the initial speed of the moving small ball is measured through an instantaneous speed measuring module, the respective speeds of the two small balls after collision are calculated, the instantaneous speed measuring module and the controller can measure the speed of the small ball and display the speed through the display to determine whether the small ball conforms to mv 1v1+ m2v2 or not, and the multiple measurements are determined, and the momentum conservation test is demonstrated under different conditions, so that the teaching data is more visual and vivid.

Description

Momentum conservation demonstrator for teaching

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a physics experimental device field, concretely relates to momentum conservation demonstrator is used in teaching.

Background

The law of conservation of momentum and the law of conservation of energy and the law of conservation of angular momentum together form the three fundamental laws of conservation in modern physics. Originally, they were the inference of newton's law, but later discovered that their application range is much wider than newton's law, is a more fundamental physical law than newton's law, and is a reflection of spatio-temporal properties.

At present, a relatively comprehensive demonstration instrument is not yet provided on the principle demonstration of momentum conservation in the teaching process, so that the demonstration can be realized only through single demonstration operation in the teaching demonstration process, experimental data are often obtained through visual observation or rough calculation, and the demonstration instrument is not accurate enough, so that the impression of students is not profound.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a conservation of momentum demonstrator is used in teaching.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the momentum conservation demonstrator for teaching comprises a base, a test board, a rolling test component and a sliding test component, wherein the test board is arranged on the base, the rolling test component is arranged at the top of the test board to measure the momentum situation of an object when the object rolls, the sliding test component is arranged at the top of the test board to measure the momentum situation of the object when the object slides, a mounting frame is arranged at the bottom of the test board, one end of the test board is hinged to one end of the mounting frame, a lifter is arranged at the other end of the mounting frame, the other end of the test board is hinged to the lifter, a plurality of cambered surface slideways and a plurality of horizontal slideways are arranged at the top of the test board, the rolling test component comprises a plurality of instantaneous speed measuring modules and a plurality of small balls with different masses, a controller is arranged on the base, a display is arranged on the controller, and the instantaneous speed, the controller is electrically connected with the display, the sliding test assembly comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and a plurality of moving trolleys, a receiving module is arranged at the top of each moving trolley, the receiving module is electrically connected with the controller, the small balls can be arranged on the cambered surface slide way in a rolling mode, and the moving trolleys can be arranged on the horizontal slide way in a rolling mode.

Preferably, be equipped with two parallel arrangement's cambered surface slide and two parallel arrangement's horizontal slide on the testboard, two cambered surface slides are smooth slides, and one of two horizontal slides is smooth slide, and another is the slide that has coefficient of friction.

Preferably, the rolling test assembly comprises four instantaneous speed measuring modules, each instantaneous speed measuring module is fixedly arranged on the test board and positioned above the cambered surface slide way to measure the speed of the small balls, each instantaneous speed measuring module comprises two N-shaped frame bodies, and a speed sensor used for testing the speed of the small balls is arranged in each frame body.

Preferably, the sliding test component comprises two laser transmitters, the two laser transmitters are fixedly arranged at the top of the test bench, and the receiving module is positioned at the top of the trolley and at the same height as the laser transmitters so as to receive the light source.

Preferably, the riser includes rotatory piece, cylinder and articulated piece, the rotatable setting of rotatory piece is in the one end of mounting bracket, the cylinder is fixed to be set up in rotatory piece, articulated piece is fixed to be set up on the output end of cylinder and articulated bottom the testboard.

Preferably, the top of the test bench is also provided with a detection line.

Preferably, the baffle is arranged around the top of the base, the base is further provided with a blanking groove, and a blanking opening is further formed in the junction of the blanking groove and the baffle.

The utility model has the advantages that: when momentum conservation needs to be demonstrated during teaching, a static small ball is placed on an arc-shaped slideway on a test board, then the small ball with certain initial speed is placed at the other end, the initial speed of the moving small ball is measured through an instant speed measuring module, the respective speeds of the two small balls after collision are calculated, the speeds of the small balls can be measured through the instant speed measuring module and a controller and are displayed through a display, whether mv is met with m1v1+ m2v2 or not is judged, the speeds of the two small balls are measured and determined for multiple times through a plurality of arc-shaped slideways, then the moving small car is placed on a plane slideway, one end of the test board is slightly lifted through a lifter, so that the friction force of the moving small car and the horizontal slideway is just balanced with the downward movement trend, the speeds of the two moving small cars are respectively measured through the other moving small car with the initial speed and other collision, the speeds of the two moving small cars are measured through a receiving module, whether accord with mv m1v1+ m2v2, measure for many times and demonstrate the conservation of momentum experiment under different circumstances for the teaching data is more directly perceived lively.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the test board of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the test board of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the base of the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a test board 2, a rolling test component 3, a sliding test component 4, a mounting frame 5, a lifter 6, an instantaneous speed measuring module 7, a small ball 8, a controller 9, a display 10, a laser emitter 11, a moving trolley 12, a receiving module 13, an arc-surface slideway 14, a horizontal slideway 15, a frame body 16, a speed sensor 17, a rotating block 18, a cylinder 19, a hinged block 20, a detection line 21, a baffle 22, a blanking groove 23 and a blanking port 24.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are used only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms will be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being either a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the momentum conservation demonstrator for teaching comprises a base 1 and a test bench 2, wherein the test bench 2 is arranged on the base 1, the momentum conservation demonstrator further comprises a rolling test component 3 and a sliding test component 4, the rolling test component 3 is arranged at the top of the test bench 2 to measure the momentum condition of an object when the object rolls, the sliding test component 4 is arranged at the top of the test bench 2 to measure the momentum condition of the object when the object slides, a mounting rack 5 is arranged at the bottom of the test bench 2, one end of the test bench 2 is hinged to one end of the mounting rack 5, the other end of the mounting rack 5 is provided with a lifter 6, the other end of the test bench 2 is hinged to the lifter 6, the top of the test bench 2 is provided with a plurality of arc slideways 14 and a plurality of horizontal slideways 15, the rolling test component 3 comprises a plurality of instant speed measuring modules 7 and a, the base is provided with a controller 9 on the base 1, a display 10 is arranged on the controller 9, the instantaneous speed measurement module 7 is electrically connected with the controller 9, the controller 9 is electrically connected with the display 10, the sliding test component 4 comprises a plurality of laser transmitters 11 and a plurality of moving trolleys 12, a receiving module 13 is arranged at the top of each moving trolley 12, the receiving module 13 is electrically connected with the controller 9, the small balls 8 can be arranged on the cambered surface slide ways 14 in a rolling manner, and the moving trolleys 12 can be arranged on the horizontal slide ways 15 in a rolling manner.

The working principle is as follows: when momentum conservation needs to be demonstrated during teaching, a static small ball 8 is placed on a cambered surface slide way 14 on a test platform 2, then the small ball 8 with a certain initial speed is placed at the other end, the initial speed of the moving small ball 8 is measured through an instant speed measuring module 7, the respective speeds of the two small balls 8 after collision are calculated, the speed of the small ball 8 can be measured through the instant speed measuring module 7 and a controller 9 and is displayed through a display 10, whether mv is met or not is m1v1+ m2v2, multiple cambered surface slide ways 14 are measured and proved for multiple times, then a moving trolley 12 is placed on a plane slide way, one end of the test platform 2 is slightly lifted through a lifter 6, so that the friction force of the moving trolley 12 and a horizontal slide way 15 is just balanced with the trend of downward movement, the speeds of the two moving trolleys 12 are respectively measured through the other moving trolley 12 with the initial speed and other collision, the receiving module 13 and the controller 9 can measure the speed of the small ball 8 and display the speed through the display 10, whether the speed accords with mv m1v1+ m2v2, and the momentum conservation test is performed under different conditions through measuring and proving for many times, so that the teaching data is more intuitive and vivid.

Be equipped with two parallel arrangement's cambered surface slide 14 and two parallel arrangement's horizontal slide 15 on testboard 2, two cambered surface slides 14 are smooth slides, two horizontal slide 15 one are smooth slides, another is the slide that has coefficient of friction, two smooth cambered surface slides 14 accuracy is higher when making the experiment measure, horizontal slide 15 one is smooth slide, another slide for having coefficient of friction makes when measuring the 12 momentum laws of travelling car an more experiment contrast direction, it is convincing more.

The rolling test assembly 3 comprises four instantaneous speed measuring modules 7, each instantaneous speed measuring module 7 is fixedly arranged on the test board 2 and located above the cambered surface slide ways 14 to measure the speed of the small ball 8, each instantaneous speed measuring module 7 comprises two N-shaped frame bodies 16, a speed sensor 17 used for testing the speed of the small ball 8 is arranged in each frame body 16, the four instantaneous speed measuring modules 7 test the speed of the small ball 8 at four points, the multi-section speed measurement enables the experimental data to be more accurate, and the speed sensor 17 selects the ZLS-Px speed sensor 17.

The sliding test component comprises two laser transmitters 11, the two laser transmitters 11 are fixedly arranged at the top of the test bench 2, the receiving module 13 is positioned at the top of the trolley and is at the same height with the laser transmitters 11 so as to receive a light source, the laser transmitters 11 transmit laser, and the receiving module 13 can receive the light source and is matched with the controller 9 to calculate the instantaneous speed of the moving trolley 12.

The lifter 6 comprises a rotating block 18, a cylinder 19 and an articulated block 20, the rotating block 18 is rotatably arranged at one end of the mounting frame 5, the cylinder 19 is fixedly arranged in the rotating block 18, the articulated block 20 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the cylinder 19 and is articulated with the bottom of the test platform 2, when the angle of the test platform 2 needs to be adjusted, the cylinder 19 is started, the output end of the cylinder 19 drives the articulated block 20 to move upwards to jack up the test platform 2, and at the moment, the rotating block 18 is matched with the cylinder 19 to rotate on the mounting frame 5.

The top of the test bench 2 is also provided with a detection line 21, and the detection line 21 is arranged at a position where the small balls 8 and the movable trolley 12 are convenient to place.

The base is characterized in that a baffle 22 is arranged around the top of the base 1, a blanking groove 23 is further arranged on the base 1, a blanking opening 24 is further formed in the junction of the blanking groove 23 and the baffle 22, the baffle 22 can block the small ball 8 and the moving trolley 12 from flying out, and the small ball 8 entering the base 1 and the moving trolley 12 can flow out of the blanking opening 24 along the blanking groove 23.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, these modifications are within the scope of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a teaching is with conservation of momentum demonstrator, includes base (1) and testboard (2), testboard (2) set up on base (1), its characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a rolling test component (3) and a sliding test component (4), wherein the rolling test component (3) is arranged at the top of the test platform (2) to measure the momentum condition when an object rolls, the sliding test component (4) is arranged at the top of the test platform (2) to measure the momentum condition when the object slides, a mounting frame (5) is arranged at the bottom of the test platform (2), one end of the test platform (2) is hinged to one end of the mounting frame (5), a lifter (6) is arranged at the other end of the mounting frame (5), the other end of the test platform (2) is hinged to the lifter (6), a plurality of cambered surface slideways (14) and a plurality of horizontal slideways (15) are arranged at the top of the test platform (2), the rolling test component (3) comprises a plurality of instant speed measuring modules (7) and a plurality of small balls (8) with different masses, a controller (9) is arranged on the, be equipped with display (10) on controller (9), instantaneous speed measuring module (7) and controller (9) electric connection, controller (9) and display (10) electric connection, slip test component (4) include a plurality of laser emitter (11) and a plurality of travelling car (12), and every travelling car (12) top is equipped with receiving module (13), receiving module (13) and controller (9) electric connection, the setting that bobble (8) can roll is on cambered surface slide (14), travelling car (12) can roll sets up on horizontal slide (15).

2. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 1, wherein: the test bench (2) is provided with two arc-surface slideways (14) arranged in parallel and two horizontal slideways (15) arranged in parallel, the two arc-surface slideways (14) are smooth slideways, one of the two horizontal slideways (15) is a smooth slideway, and the other is a slideway with a friction coefficient.

3. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 2, wherein: roll test assembly (3) and include four instantaneous modules (7) that test the speed, every instantaneous module (7) that tests the speed is fixed to be set up on testboard (2) and be located cambered surface slide (14) top in order to measure bobble (8) speed, instantaneous module (7) that tests the speed includes support body (16) of two N shapes, is equipped with speedtransmitter (17) that are used for testing bobble (8) speed in every support body (16).

4. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 3, wherein: the sliding test component comprises two laser transmitters (11), the two laser transmitters (11) are fixedly arranged at the top of the test bench (2), and the receiving module (13) is located at the top of the trolley and is at the same height with the laser transmitters (11) to receive a light source.

5. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 1, wherein: the lifter (6) comprises a rotating block (18), a cylinder (19) and an articulated block (20), wherein the rotating block (18) is rotatably arranged at one end of the mounting rack (5), the cylinder (19) is fixedly arranged in the rotating block (18), and the articulated block (20) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the cylinder (19) and is articulated with the bottom of the test bench (2).

6. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the test bench (2) is also provided with a detection line (21).

7. A demonstrator for conservation of momentum for teaching according to claim 1, wherein: baffle (22) are arranged around the top of base (1), blanking groove (23) is arranged on base (1), and blanking opening (24) is arranged at the intersection of blanking groove (23) and baffle (22).