CN210774986U - Test device for simulating basement bottom plate stress under pressure-bearing water action - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the model test, especially, relate to a test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect. The utility model discloses, including basement model box, basement model box top be equipped with and be used to fill the automatic subassembly of filling that compresses tightly silt, basement model box in from up being equipped with in proper order down and being used for lightening the first heavy chamber that subtracts, the second of basement model box quality subtracts heavy chamber and third and subtracts heavy chamber. The utility model discloses a subtract heavy to the basement model case, make things convenient for the user of service transportation to remove the basement model case, reduce intensity of labour, can fill silt automatic downwards, tamp through pushing down the pouring weight simultaneously, degree of automation is higher, need not artifical the filling, and the simulation degree is better, avoids silt loose phenomenon to appear, has improved work efficiency and experimental degree of accuracy.

Description

Test device for simulating basement bottom plate stress under pressure-bearing water action

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the model test, a test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect is related to.

Background

Confined water is one of the ground water, and is usually formed in the aquifer of the upper and lower weak/impervious beds, and the aquifer generally consists of sandy soil with good water permeability, rocks with completely developed cracks and the like. In regions with abundant underground water such as coastal regions and along rivers, the situation that a pressure-bearing water layer exists under a weak/impervious stratum is often encountered during construction of deep foundation pits on engineering. Under the action of confined water, the problems of deformation, floating instability and the like of an oversized and ultra-deep basement easily occur, and great threat is caused to engineering safety. In engineering, foundation reaction force and water buoyancy force borne by a large-area basement bottom plate are difficult to monitor in real time, for the situation, the internal structure of the basement can be simplified, and an indoor model test is designed to research the stress situation of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water; traditional indoor model test simulation pressure-bearing aquatic, basement model quality is heavier, and artifical transport is comparatively troublesome, and intensity of labour is big, is filling, when ramming silt in to the basement model simultaneously, needs artifical filling, and loose phenomenon appears easily in silt, and work efficiency and experimental degree of accuracy are lower.

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, people continuously explore and provide various solutions, for example, a Chinese patent discloses a test device for simulating the stress of a basement floor under the action of confined water [ application number: 201720152648.X ], the device comprises a water storage tank, a first water pump, a second water pump, a first check valve, a second check valve, a pressure stabilizing tank, a safety valve, a water pressure sensor, a filter, a foundation pit model box, a pipeline, a basement model and a measuring system. The utility model discloses can simulate basement bottom plate atress under the confined water effect, can be used to simulate the atress condition of basement bottom plate when building upper portion load is invariable or changes under the fixed confined water head, research basement bottom plate receives ground counter-force and water buoyancy's size and distribution law, provide effectual data support for theoretical analysis. The utility model discloses can provide high stable water level, the effect of the high artesian head of simulation, simultaneously, because the water pump need not to move always and two water pumps can complement each other, the cooperative work, consequently the loss of every pump is all less, has reduced the fault rate, energy-concerving and environment-protective. But this scheme still can't fill, tamp automatic downwards with silt, needs manual filling, and geological modeling degree is relatively poor, and loose phenomenon appears easily in silt, and work efficiency and experimental degree of accuracy are lower.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem, a test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect is provided.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the utility model provides a test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, includes basement model case, basement model roof portion be equipped with and be used for filling the automatic subassembly of filling that compresses tightly silt, basement model case in from down up be equipped with in proper order and be used for alleviateing the first heavy chamber that subtracts of basement model case quality, the second subtracts heavy chamber and the third subtracts heavy chamber.

In foretell test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, automatic subassembly of filling out including setting up in the case lid roof at basement model roof portion, the case lid roof in be equipped with first driver, the power shaft of first driver bottom be connected with and to be used for filling out the weight that pushes down that compresses tightly silt, first subtract heavy chamber, second subtract heavy chamber and third subtract heavy intracavity detachable respectively and be equipped with first model case reinforcing block, second model case reinforcing block and third model case reinforcing block.

In foretell test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, the case lid roof in be equipped with a plurality of silt of following case lid roof line of centers symmetry and advance the pipe, the weight of pushing down in be equipped with a plurality of mud grooves of advancing along weight of pushing down center line symmetry, the mud groove of advancing be connected with and hinder and separate the chamber, the separation intracavity be equipped with can follow the reciprocal linear motion's of horizontal direction silt spacer block, the silt spacer block in be equipped with logical mud chamber.

In foretell test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, one advances the mud groove and corresponds a silt and advances the pipe, the cross-sectional area that leads to the mud chamber and silt advance the pipe the same, the separation intracavity still be equipped with the second driver, the power shaft of second driver be connected with the silt spacer block.

In foretell test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, basement model case in be equipped with a plurality of lower part confined water intake antrums along basement model case central line symmetry, basement model case in still be equipped with a plurality of first confined water intake antrums along basement model case central line symmetry, first model case reinforce the piece in be equipped with a plurality of first water receiving mouth grooves along first model case reinforcing block central line symmetry, first water receiving mouth groove corresponding with the position in first confined water intake antrum.

In foretell test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, basement model case in still be equipped with a plurality of second confined water intake cavities along basement model case central line symmetry, second model case reinforcing block in be equipped with a plurality of second water receiving mouth grooves along second model case reinforcing block central line symmetry, second water receiving mouth groove corresponding with the position in second confined water intake cavity, basement model case bottom be equipped with bottom confined water intake cavity.

In the test device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of the bearing water, the lower bearing water inlet cavity, the first bearing water inlet cavity and the second water receiving port groove are respectively connected with a valve, and the valve is connected with a water pipe connected with a water pool.

In the test device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of the confined water, the inner diameters of the first model box reinforcing block, the second model box reinforcing block and the third model box reinforcing block are the same, and the lower weight blocks are respectively matched with the shapes of the first model box reinforcing block, the second model box reinforcing block and the third model box reinforcing block.

In the testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of the confined water, the bottom of the top plate of the box cover is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks which are symmetrical along the central line of the top plate of the box cover, the top of the model box of the basement is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are symmetrical along the central line of the model box of the basement, and the positioning blocks correspond to the positioning holes in position and are matched in shape.

In the test device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of the confined water, two ends of the top plate of the box cover are respectively provided with a first deviation preventing hole, the basement model box is provided with a plurality of second deviation preventing holes which are symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box, and a fixing block inserted into the first deviation preventing hole and the second deviation preventing hole is arranged between the top plate of the box cover and the basement model box.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

1. the utility model discloses a subtract heavy to the basement model case, make things convenient for the user of service transportation to remove the basement model case, reduce intensity of labour, can fill silt automatic downwards, tamp through pushing down the pouring weight simultaneously, degree of automation is higher, need not artifical the filling, and the simulation degree is better, avoids silt loose phenomenon to appear, has improved work efficiency and experimental degree of accuracy.

2. The utility model discloses a set up second driver and silt spacer block, can reach automatic separation silt or pass through the purpose of silt, degree of automation is higher, need not artifical separation silt.

3. The utility model discloses a set up locating piece and locating hole, can accomplish the location of case lid roof and basement mold box, prevent the buckle cooperation in inclined to one side hole through fixed block and first prevention hole and second simultaneously, play the fixed action to case lid roof and basement mold box for push down the pouring weight and move down and fill silt, when ramming, can not make push down pouring weight and case lid roof and take place the offset, play and prevent inclined to one side the effect.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a basement model box.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the basement model box in another direction.

Fig. 3 is an assembly schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view at a-a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the basement model box.

In the figure: the automatic filling component comprises a basement model box 1, an automatic filling component 2, a first weight reducing cavity 3, a second weight reducing cavity 4, a third weight reducing cavity 5, a box cover top plate 6, a first driver 7, a lower pressing weight 8, a first model box reinforcing block 9, a second model box reinforcing block 10, a third model box reinforcing block 11, a silt inlet pipe 12, a silt inlet groove 13, a separation blocking cavity 14, a silt separation block 15, a mud through cavity 16, a second driver 17, a lower pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 18, a first pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 19, a first water receiving inlet groove 20, a second pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 21, a second water receiving inlet groove 22, a bottom pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 23, a valve 24, a water pipe 25, a positioning block 26, a positioning hole 27, a first deviation preventing hole 28, a second deviation preventing hole 29 and a fixing block 30.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, the testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water comprises a basement model box 1, wherein an automatic filling assembly 2 which can be used for filling and compacting silt is arranged at the top of the basement model box 1, and a first weight reducing cavity 3, a second weight reducing cavity 4 and a third weight reducing cavity 5 which are used for reducing the weight of the basement model box 1 are sequentially arranged in the basement model box 1 from bottom to top.

In this embodiment, when the experiment of confined water is simulated to needs, bury basement model case 1 underground, first subtract heavy chamber 3, the second subtracts heavy chamber 4 and the third subtracts heavy chamber 5 and is used for reducing the weight of basement model case 1, make things convenient for user of service transportation to remove basement model case 1, reduce intensity of labour, can fill silt automatic downwards through automatic filling subassembly 2 simultaneously, tamp, degree of automation is higher, need not artifical filling, degree of simulation is better, avoid silt loose phenomenon to appear, work efficiency and experimental degree of accuracy have been improved.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the automatic filling assembly 2 includes a box cover top plate 6 arranged at the top of the basement model box 1, a first driver 7 is arranged in the box cover top plate 6, a power shaft at the bottom of the first driver 7 is connected with a lower weight block 8 capable of being used for filling and compacting silt, and a first model box reinforcing block 9, a second model box reinforcing block 10 and a third model box reinforcing block 11 are detachably arranged in the first weight reducing cavity 3, the second weight reducing cavity 4 and the third weight reducing cavity 5 respectively.

Specifically, after the basement model box 1 is buried, the first model box reinforcing blocks 9, the second model box reinforcing blocks 10 and the third model box reinforcing blocks 11 are sequentially placed into the basement model box 1, the first model box reinforcing blocks 9 are matched with the first weight reducing cavities 3, the second model box reinforcing blocks 10 are matched with the second weight reducing cavities 4, the third model box reinforcing blocks 11 are matched with the third weight reducing cavities 5, the basement model box 1 after weight reduction is recovered, and meanwhile, the basement model box is convenient to disassemble, coarse sand, fine sand and a watertight layer are sequentially placed into the basement model box 1 from bottom to top according to geological conditions, the first driver 7 is started, the weight 8 is driven to press down through the power shaft of the first driver 7, so that the coarse sand, the fine sand and the watertight layer are filled with silt and tamped, the automation degree is high, manual filling is not needed, the simulation degree is good, and the loosening phenomenon is avoided, the working efficiency and the test accuracy are improved.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the first actuator 7 may be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor.

It is shown in combination with fig. 4 that case lid roof 6 in be equipped with a plurality of silt that follow 6 central lines of case lid roof and advance pipe 12, lower ballast 8 in be equipped with a plurality of mud feeding groove 13 along 8 central lines of ballast symmetry down, mud feeding groove 13 be connected with and hinder partition chamber 14, separation chamber 14 in be equipped with silt spacer 15 that can follow the reciprocal linear motion of horizontal direction, silt spacer 15 in be equipped with and lead to mud chamber 16.

In this embodiment, when needs put into basement mold box 1 with silt in, make the logical mud chamber 16 in the silt spacer 15 advance pipe 12 with silt and align, advance pipe 12 through silt this moment and can put into basement mold box 1 with silt, when needs will push down weight 8 and move down, remove silt spacer 15 this moment and will lead to mud chamber 16 and advance the dislocation of mud groove 13, prevent that silt from flowing out from advancing mud groove 13 again, play the separation effect to silt.

Referring to fig. 4, one mud inlet groove 13 corresponds to one sediment inlet pipe 12, the cross-sectional area of the mud passing cavity 16 is the same as that of the sediment inlet pipe 12, a second driver 17 is further arranged in the blocking cavity 14, and a power shaft of the second driver 17 is connected with the sediment spacer 15.

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area through mud chamber 16 is the same with the cross-sectional area that silt advanced pipe 12 for silt can be quick gets into in basement model box 1, when needs remove silt spacer 15, starts second driver 17, and the power shaft through second driver 17 drives silt spacer 15 and removes, thereby reaches separation silt or passes through the purpose of silt, and degree of automation is higher, need not artifical separation silt.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the second actuator 17 may be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, a plurality of lower pressure-bearing water inlet cavities 18 symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box 1 are arranged in the basement model box 1, a plurality of first pressure-bearing water inlet cavities 19 symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box 1 are also arranged in the basement model box 1, a plurality of first water receiving port grooves 20 symmetrical along the center line of the first model box reinforcing block 9 are arranged in the first model box reinforcing block 9, and the positions of the first water receiving port grooves 20 correspond to the positions of the first pressure-bearing water inlet cavities 19.

In this embodiment, the lower confined water inlet cavity 18 corresponds to a coarse sand layer in a simulated geological condition, the first confined water inlet cavity 19 corresponds to a fine sand layer in the simulated geological condition, when the first model box reinforcing block 9 is placed in the basement model box 1, the first water receiving slot 20 is communicated with the first confined water inlet cavity 19, the receiving water can flow into the first water receiving slot 20 from the first confined water inlet cavity 19 and then seeps into the fine sand layer, and the receiving water seeps into the coarse sand layer through the lower confined water inlet cavity 18, so that the receiving water seepage rate is increased, and the test time is shortened.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of second pressure-bearing water inlet cavities 21 symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box 1 are further arranged in the basement model box 1, a plurality of second water receiving grooves 22 symmetrical along the center line of the second model box reinforcing block 10 are arranged in the second model box reinforcing block 10, the positions of the second water receiving grooves 22 and the second pressure-bearing water inlet cavities 21 correspond, and a bottom pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 23 is arranged at the bottom of the basement model box 1.

In this embodiment, after placing second model box reinforcing block 10 into basement model box 1, second water receiving mouth groove 22 is linked together with second pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 21, and the receiving water infiltrates to corresponding impermeable layer after flowing into second water receiving mouth groove 22 from second pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 21, and the receiving water still can flow into basement model box 1 from bottom pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 23 for the receiving water infiltration is more even, further makes experimental data more accurate.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the lower pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 18, the first pressure-bearing water inlet cavity 19 and the second water receiving groove 22 are respectively connected with a valve 24, and the valve 24 is connected with a water pipe 25 connected with a water pool.

In this embodiment, when water needs to permeate into the basement model box 1, the valve 24 is opened, and at this time, the water permeates into the basement model box 1 through the water pipe 25, so as to complete the simulation of water bearing.

Referring to fig. 3, the first, second and third mold box reinforcing blocks 9, 10 and 11 have the same inner diameter, and the lower weight 8 is adapted to the shape of the first, second and third mold box reinforcing blocks 9, 10 and 11, respectively.

Specifically, the inner diameters of the first model box reinforcing block 9, the second model box reinforcing block 10 and the third model box reinforcing block 11 are the same, so that the inner wall of the basement model box 1 is flat, and the lower weight 8 is matched with the shapes of the first model box reinforcing block 9, the second model box reinforcing block 10 and the third model box reinforcing block 11 respectively, so that the lower weight 8 is prevented from interfering with the first model box reinforcing block 9, the second model box reinforcing block 10 and the third model box reinforcing block 11 in the downward moving process.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the bottom of the box cover top plate 6 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 26 symmetrical along the center line of the box cover top plate 6, the top of the basement model box 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 27 symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box 1, and the positioning blocks 26 correspond to the positioning holes 27 in position and are matched in shape.

In this embodiment, when the box cover top plate 6 needs to be placed on the top of the basement model box 1, the positioning block 26 is inserted into the positioning hole 27 to perform the positioning function.

Referring to fig. 2, two ends of the box cover top plate 6 are respectively provided with a first deviation preventing hole 28, the basement model box 1 is provided with a plurality of second deviation preventing holes 29 symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box 1, and a fixing block 30 inserted into the first deviation preventing hole 28 and the second deviation preventing hole 29 is arranged between the box cover top plate 6 and the basement model box 1.

In this embodiment, after the positioning block 26 is inserted into the positioning hole 27, the fixing block 30 is inserted into the first deviation-preventing hole 28 and the second deviation-preventing hole 29, so as to fix the box cover top plate 6 and the basement model box 1, and when the weight 8 moves down to fill and tamp the sediment, the weight 8 and the box cover top plate 6 are not displaced, thereby achieving the deviation-preventing effect.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation is:

when a confined water experiment needs to be simulated, the basement model box 1 is buried, the first weight reduction cavity 3, the second weight reduction cavity 4 and the third weight reduction cavity 5 are used for reducing the weight of the basement model box 1, so that a user can conveniently transport and move the basement model box 1 and reduce the labor intensity, after the basement model box 1 is buried, the first model box reinforcing blocks 9, the second model box reinforcing blocks 10 and the third model box reinforcing blocks 11 are sequentially placed in the basement model box 1, the first model box reinforcing blocks 9 are matched with the first weight reduction cavities 3, the second model box reinforcing blocks 10 are matched with the second weight reduction cavities 4, the third model box reinforcing blocks 11 are matched with the third weight reduction cavities 5, the basement model box 1 after weight reduction is restored and is convenient to disassemble, when the box cover top plate 6 needs to be placed at the top of the basement model box 1, the positioning block 26 is inserted into the positioning hole 27, play the positioning action, after inserting locating piece 26 to locating hole 27, through inserting fixed block 30 in first anti-skew hole 28 and second anti-skew hole 29, play the fixed action to case lid roof 6 and basement model case 1 for when pushing down weight 8 and moving down and fill, tamp silt, can not make and push down weight 8 and case lid roof 6 take place the offset, play the anti-skew effect.

When silt is needed to be put into the basement model box 1, the silt through cavity 16 in the silt spacer 15 is aligned with the silt inlet pipe 12, then the silt can be put into the basement model box 1 through the silt inlet pipe 12, when the lower weight block 8 is needed to move downwards, the second driver 17 is started, the silt spacer 15 is driven to move through the power shaft of the second driver 17, the silt spacer 15 is moved to be staggered with the mud inlet groove 13 through the silt cavity 16, so that the silt is prevented from flowing out of the mud inlet groove 13 again, a blocking effect is achieved on the silt, coarse sand, fine sand and a watertight layer are put into the basement model box 1 from bottom to top in sequence according to geological conditions, the first driver 7 is started, the lower weight block 8 is driven to press downwards through the power shaft of the first driver 7, and then the coarse sand, the fine sand and the watertight layer are filled and tamped, the automation degree is high, manual filling is not needed, and the simulation degree is good, the loosening phenomenon of the silt is avoided, and the working efficiency and the test accuracy are improved.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Although the terms of the basement model box 1, the automatic filling assembly 2, the first weight-reducing chamber 3, the second weight-reducing chamber 4, the third weight-reducing chamber 5, the box-lid top plate 6, the first driver 7, the lower pressing weight 8, the first model-box reinforcing block 9, the second model-box reinforcing block 10, the third model-box reinforcing block 11, the silt inlet pipe 12, the mud inlet tank 13, the separation blocking chamber 14, the silt partition block 15, the mud passage chamber 16, the second driver 17, the lower pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 18, the first pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 19, the first water receiving tank 20, the second pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 21, the second water receiving tank 22, the lower pressure-bearing water inlet chamber 23, the valve 24, the water pipe 25, the positioning block 26, the positioning hole 27, the first deviation-preventing hole 28, the second deviation-preventing hole 29, the fixing block 30, etc. are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention and should not be interpreted as imposing any additional limitations that are contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a test device of basement bottom plate atress under simulation confined water effect, includes basement model case (1), its characterized in that, basement model case (1) top be equipped with automatic filling subassembly (2) that can be used to fill and compress tightly silt, basement model case (1) in from down up be equipped with in proper order and be used for lightening first heavy chamber (3), the second of basement model case (1) quality subtracts heavy chamber (4) and third and subtract heavy chamber (5).

2. The testing device for simulating the basement bottom plate stress under the confined water action according to claim 1, wherein the automatic filling assembly (2) comprises a cover top plate (6) arranged at the top of the basement model box (1), a first driver (7) is arranged in the cover top plate (6), a lower pressing weight (8) capable of being used for filling and compacting silt is connected to a power shaft at the bottom of the first driver (7), and a first model box reinforcing block (9), a second model box reinforcing block (10) and a third model box reinforcing block (11) are detachably arranged in the first weight reducing cavity (3), the second weight reducing cavity (4) and the third weight reducing cavity (5) respectively.

3. The testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of silt inlet pipes (12) symmetrical along the center line of the box cover top plate (6) are arranged in the box cover top plate (6), a plurality of silt inlet grooves (13) symmetrical along the center line of the lower pressure block (8) are arranged in the lower pressure block (8), the silt inlet grooves (13) are connected with blocking cavities (14), silt partition blocks (15) capable of reciprocating linear motion along the horizontal direction are arranged in the blocking cavities (14), and silt partition blocks (15) are internally provided with silt through cavities (16).

4. The test device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the confined water action according to claim 3, wherein one mud inlet groove (13) corresponds to one sediment inlet pipe (12), the cross section area of the mud through cavity (16) is the same as that of the sediment inlet pipe (12), a second driver (17) is further arranged in the separation blocking cavity (14), and a power shaft of the second driver (17) is connected with the sediment separation block (15).

5. The testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of the confined water as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of lower confined water inlet cavities (18) symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box (1) are arranged in the basement model box (1), a plurality of first confined water inlet cavities (19) symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box (1) are further arranged in the basement model box (1), a plurality of first water receiving grooves (20) symmetrical along the center line of the first model box reinforcing block (9) are arranged in the first model box reinforcing block (9), and the positions of the first water receiving grooves (20) correspond to the positions of the first confined water inlet cavities (19).

6. The testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of second confined water inlet cavities (21) which are symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box (1) are further arranged in the basement model box (1), a plurality of second water receiving opening grooves (22) which are symmetrical along the center line of the second model box reinforcing block (10) are arranged in the second model box reinforcing block (10), the positions of the second water receiving opening grooves (22) correspond to the positions of the second confined water inlet cavities (21), and the bottom of the basement model box (1) is provided with a bottom confined water inlet cavity (23).

7. The test device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water according to claim 6, wherein the lower confined water inlet cavity (18), the first confined water inlet cavity (19) and the second water receiving groove (22) are respectively connected with a valve (24), and the valve (24) is connected with a water pipe (25) connected with a water pool.

8. The test device for simulating the basement bottom plate stress under the confined water of claim 2, wherein the inner diameters of the first model box reinforcing block (9), the second model box reinforcing block (10) and the third model box reinforcing block (11) are the same, and the lower pressure weight (8) is matched with the shapes of the first model box reinforcing block (9), the second model box reinforcing block (10) and the third model box reinforcing block (11) respectively.

9. The testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of positioning blocks (26) symmetrical along the center line of the cover top plate (6) are arranged at the bottom of the cover top plate (6), a plurality of positioning holes (27) symmetrical along the center line of the basement model box (1) are arranged at the top of the basement model box (1), and the positioning blocks (26) correspond to the positioning holes (27) in position and are matched in shape.

10. The testing device for simulating the stress of the basement bottom plate under the action of confined water as claimed in claim 2, wherein two ends of the box cover top plate (6) are respectively provided with a first deviation prevention hole (28), the basement model box (1) is provided with a plurality of second deviation prevention holes (29) which are symmetrical along the central line of the basement model box (1), and a fixing block (30) inserted into the first deviation prevention hole (28) and the second deviation prevention hole (29) is arranged between the box cover top plate (6) and the basement model box (1).

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