CN210688199U - Numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging rotational flow combustion control system - Google Patents
Numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging rotational flow combustion control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210688199U CN210688199U CN201921191369.XU CN201921191369U CN210688199U CN 210688199 U CN210688199 U CN 210688199U CN 201921191369 U CN201921191369 U CN 201921191369U CN 210688199 U CN210688199 U CN 210688199U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a numerical control air-coal ratio low NOx, low CO high efficiency hedging rotational flow combustion control system, which comprises a front wall and a rear wall of a boiler, wherein a plurality of burner layers are arranged in the front wall and the rear wall, each burner layer in the front wall corresponds to each burner layer in the rear wall, and the burners in the front wall and the burners in the rear wall are arranged in a staggered way; the periphery of a primary air powder pipe of each combustor is provided with an inner air rotational flow blade, and the periphery of the inner air rotational flow blade is provided with an outer air rotational flow blade; the angles of the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are fixed and unchanged, and the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are pushed and pulled out in the combustor through sliding to change the strength of rotational flow. The utility model discloses really accomplish to adjust the wind for the combustor from accurate fixed point in surplus O2 detects, keep furnace air volume balanced steady, avoid CO to generate, under the boiler safe operation prerequisite of guaranteeing, reduce the surplus O2 volume of wind for the boiler burning by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high-efficient hedging whirl combustion control system of low NOx, low CO of numerical control change wind coal ratio.
Background
At present, atmospheric pollution is more and more concerned by people, but the main means for reducing haze at the present stage still stay in the simple process of reducing haze from one object to another object. For example, the main component of haze is NOx, and NOx formation mainly results from residual O2 from coal burning combined with air N2 in a high temperature environment. In order to control low NOx emission and meet environmental protection indexes, the exhaust of NOx is reduced by injecting a large amount of liquid ammonia into a tail flue of a thermal power generation boiler. If starting from the NOx generation condition, the residual O2 in the combustion of the hearth is reduced, the central smoke temperature of flame of the hearth is reduced, the combustion of the hearth is enhanced to be low O2, the O2 of the enhanced hearth is uniformly distributed, the generation of NOx is greatly reduced, and the using amount of liquid ammonia is also greatly reduced. The blue sky white clouds will naturally increase. The air cleaning agent not only can improve the normal working mood of people, but also is very helpful for physical and psychological health of people, and is one of the main factors for avoiding lung cancer. The plant growth is also beneficial to the plant growth in sunny days, and the ecological environment of the whole earth is beneficial.
The coal-fired boiler is different from a four-corner tangential firing boiler, the four-corner tangential firing boiler uses the center of a hearth as an integral torch, low NOx is reformed and then combustion ash air is added, and then staged combustion is carried out, thus obtaining obvious effect. After the four-corner tangential firing mode is transformed by low NOx in the prior stage, the generation of NOx is obviously superior to that of a hedging swirl firing boiler. The opposed-flow swirl combustion boiler is only simply installed with the four-corner tangential combustion low NOx mode to burn the ember air and move, namely: and moving part of secondary air to the upper layer of the combustion area to enter the hearth, and performing staged combustion with a torch at the center of the hearth. The characteristics of the boiler which ignores the opposed swirl combustion are as follows: independent ignition, staged combustion, wind-enveloped long and narrow flame, parallel non-disturbance and stable swirl combustion. Part of secondary air is extracted and used as burning-out air on the upper layer, so that the coal-covered characteristic of the opposed swirl burner is weakened, and the independent ignition and classified combustion characteristics of the opposed swirl burner are also weakened. Proved by facts, after low NOx combustion transformation in the national power industry, the four-corner tangential firing boiler generally generates less NOx than the opposed swirl boiler. Just before reconstruction, the opposite-impact rotational flow combustion boiler NOx is superior to a four-corner tangential combustion boiler. The method shows that a new path is available for low NOx and low CO of the opposed cyclone combustion boiler, a breakthrough port is searched for in the opposed cyclone combustion characteristic, starting from the NOx generation condition, the opposed cyclone combustion characteristic is perfected, the opposed cyclone combustion insufficiency is improved, a numerical control air-coal ratio control system is optimized, and the low O2 combustion, low NOx and low CO combustion are really realized. In addition, the value of residual O2 of the opposed swirl combustion boiler is large in imaginary value, wherein the cooling air of the backup burner is the main component, and the residual O2 has a great side effect on generating NOx in the combustion of the boiler. This part can be attenuated by the improvement that low O2 combustion can do to control NOx formation.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide an effective control NOx, CO generate, the numerical control air coal that the working effect is good is than low NOx, the high-efficient hedging whirl combustion control system of low CO.
The technical solution of the utility model is that:
the utility model provides a high-efficient hedging whirl burning control system of low NOx, low CO of numerical control wind coal ratio, includes preceding wall, the back wall of boiler, all sets up the multilayer combustor layer in preceding wall, the back wall, each combustor layer in preceding wall corresponds with each combustor layer in the back wall, and the combustor in preceding wall, the combustor in the back wall are the form of staggered arrangement, characterized by: the periphery of a primary air powder pipe of each combustor is provided with an inner air rotational flow blade, and the periphery of the inner air rotational flow blade is provided with an outer air rotational flow blade; the angles of the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are fixed and unchanged, and the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are pushed and pulled out in the combustor through sliding to change the strength of rotational flow.
A primary air-cooling air pipe is additionally arranged on each combustor, when the combustor is in a hot standby state, a primary air-cooling air door is opened, and cold air with the temperature less than 50 ℃ is used for cooling the metal temperature of the combustor.
The burners in the front wall and the burners in the rear wall are arranged in a staggered mode and are formed by integrally moving the rear wall downwards.
The included angle of the inner wind rotational flow blades is 40 degrees, and the included angle of the outer wind rotational flow blades is 60 degrees.
The utility model discloses walk out present hedging cyclone combustion boiler and lean on newly-increased after-combustion wind to reduce the NOx way, optimize hedging cyclone burner characteristic, independently catch fire promptly, stage combustion, the long and narrow flame of wind package media, parallel each other does not disturb the cyclone combustion, does not give adjacent combustor burning orbit have alternately steady burning. The method really starts from low-O2 combustion, eliminates redundant residual O2, controls the generation of NOx, and balances the distribution of O2 to reduce the generation of CO; the temperature of flame at the center of the hearth is really reduced, and the generation of NOx is reduced; the accurate fixed point adjustment combustor is used wind in really accomplishing detecting from surplus O2, keeps the furnace air volume balanced steady, avoids CO to generate, under the boiler safe operation prerequisite of guaranteeing, reduces boiler combustion with the surplus O2 volume of wind by a wide margin.
A numerical control high-efficiency swirling combustion control system with low NOx and low CO wind-coal ratio adopts a sliding swirling combustor, an included angle of an inner wind blade is 40 degrees, and an included angle of an outer wind blade is 60 degrees, and is fixed. The resistance of the inner and outer air channels of the burner is unchanged, the flow surfaces of the inner and outer air channels are unchanged, the strength of the inner and outer air rotational flow is adjusted by enhancing the rotational flow by pushing and weakening the rotational flow by pulling, and the influence of the angle change of the blades on the matching of the inner and outer air is avoided; affecting the wind match for adjacent burners. (as shown in FIG. 9)
The burner is externally connected with primary air-cooled air, when the burner is in a hot standby state, the primary air-cooled air is started for cooling, the primary air-cooled air is lower than 50 ℃ and replaces hot secondary air at about 350 ℃, the air quantity for cooling is greatly reduced, the air entering a hearth is ventilated as far as coal is used, and a foundation is created for low-O2 combustion. (as shown in FIG. 8)
The wind blades in the sliding hedging cyclone burner are positioned at an angle of 40 degrees, so that wind-coated coal is not easy to be stirred and ignited with primary wind powder too early (ignition is realized after the outlet of the burner is kept about 30 cm), and primary combustion is formed; the outer wind blades are fixed at an angle of 60 degrees, wind-coated coal provides air quantity required by secondary combustion to form long and narrow flame for staged combustion, and sufficient wind-coated coal reduces the formation of disordered combustion caused by unburned coal powder particles. The air volume for the hearth is accurately regulated and controlled, and the display error of the residual O2 table corresponding to each burner is ensured to be about 0.1. The low-O2 combustion is really realized. (as shown in FIG. 9)
The sliding hedging cyclone burner takes a 350MW boiler as an example, the original four layers of front hedging arrangement (three layers are used for full load, one layer is standby) of the hearth burner is changed into eight layers of layered arrangement (as shown in figure 3). The whole rear wall moves down 1/2 burner height to make up the difference of effective combustion space of the rear wall. And simultaneously, the overlapped high smoke temperature flame formed by opposite impact of long and narrow flame in the furnace is eliminated. After layered combustion, the flame distribution of the hearth is full, and long and narrow flames are parallel and do not disturb each other to stably combust. The characteristics of the cyclone burner are fully displayed: independent ignition, staged combustion, parallel long and narrow flame of wind-wrapped medium, and parallel non-disturbance swirl combustion. The hedging and the adjacent combustion flame are not overlapped and crossed, and the maximum smoke temperature of the central flame in the furnace is reduced. (as shown in FIG. 5)
By utilizing the characteristics of the opposed burners, the flame is independently ignited, the flame is combusted in a grading way, the flame is parallel to the long and narrow flame of the wind-wrapped medium, the flame is in parallel and does not disturb the swirl combustion, the adjacent burners have no cross characteristic (as shown in figures 3 and 6), 12 residual O2 probes are arranged in a tail flue, every three probes correspond to one burner, the mounting mode is that the left side, the middle side and the right side are sequentially arranged from the high side, the middle side and the low side, and the right side is also the same. Whether the air-coal ratio of each combustor is reasonable or not is judged through probe display, and individual deviation can be accurately captured and corrected.
The numerical control high-efficiency rotational flow combustion control system with low NOx and CO wind-coal ratio is used for enhancing the wind-coal ratio combustion of a boiler; the characteristics of the cyclone hedging burner are strengthened, the burning-out air is not needed to be removed, and the limited secondary air is not led to the added burning-out air mode. Starting from the NOx and CO generation conditions, the generation of NOx and CO is reduced or avoided. Meets the requirements of current environmental protection and human environment.
The numerical control air-coal ratio low NOx and low CO high-efficiency swirl combustion control system aims at providing a system for controlling the generation of NOx and CO starting from the generation conditions of NOx and CO.
And the adjustment mode of the cyclone burner is improved. The included angle of the inner fan blade and the outer fan blade of each combustor is fixed, the flow surface is unchanged, the flow resistance is unchanged, the flow quantity is unchanged, and the distribution is balanced at each point O2.
The cooling air of the standby burner is changed, the temperature difference of primary air cooling, secondary air cooling and hot air is utilized, the situation that the idle air enters the hearth is greatly reduced, and the low-O2 combustion is achieved in the true sense.
The layered opposite-flow swirling combustion mode is changed from one-to-one front opposite-flow swirling combustion mode of opposite-flow swirling combustion mode, namely the whole rear wall burner is moved down 1/2 burner height, the swirling combustion characteristics are fully exerted, namely independent firing, staged combustion and wind-enveloped medium long and narrow flame are achieved, swirling combustion is not disturbed in parallel, and flame tracks of adjacent burners are not intersected. The flame-retardant furnace meets the swirl combustion characteristic, and avoids colliding with opposite long and narrow flames, so that the flames of the furnace chamber are stably and uniformly distributed, and the temperature of the flames at the center of the furnace chamber is reduced.
By utilizing the long and narrow coal-coated flame of the opposed cyclone burner, cyclone combustion is not disturbed in parallel and the characteristic of no crossing is adopted, residual O2 is arranged at the tail in a targeted manner for detection, the air-coal ratio of each burner is accurately trimmed, the residual O2 of a hearth is reduced on the premise of O2 balance, and the residual O2 deviation of points is accurately adjusted.
The mode of combustion-out wind is cancelled, and low O2 burning is used for the limited amount of wind on the hedging cyclone burner, satisfies the wind for the hedging combustion characteristic, perfects the hedging combustion characteristic: independent ignition, staged combustion, wind-wrapped coal long and narrow flame, parallel non-disturbance swirl combustion. The combustion of low O2 is realized in the true sense, and the generation of NOx and CO is controlled.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the relationship between the air duct resistance and the ventilation volume of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is the residual O2Graph with NOx.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-layer opposed swirl burner arrangement.
FIG. 4 is a graph of furnace flame temperature versus NOx.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flame core temperature superimposed on the core temperature rise.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a boiler burner and tail remaining O2 monitoring point.
FIG. 7 shows the residual O2And NOx generation schematic.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a primary air system cooling air to the burner.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a swirl burner combustion.
FIG. 10 shows the residual O2Graph of relationship with CO.
The figure shows that: the device comprises a horizontal flue 1, a flame folding angle 2, a combustor 3, a front wall 4, a rear wall 5, a tail flue 6, a hearth 7, a primary air powder pipe 8, an inner air rotational flow blade 9 and an outer air rotational flow blade 10.
Detailed Description
A numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging rotational flow combustion control system comprises a front wall and a rear wall of a boiler, wherein multiple combustor layers are arranged in the front wall and the rear wall, each combustor layer in the front wall corresponds to each combustor layer in the rear wall, and combustors in the front wall and combustors in the rear wall are in a staggered arrangement mode.
The numerical control high-efficiency swirl combustion control system with low NOx and low CO wind-coal ratio is characterized in that the swirl strength of an original adjustable swirl combustor is realized by changing the angles of inner and outer blades, the angles of the inner and outer blades (namely the inner wind swirl blade and the outer wind swirl blade) are fixed and are not changed, and the swirl strength is changed by sliding to push and pull out a fixed blade ring. Thus, the flow surface and the resistance of the inner air passage and the outer air passage are unchanged, so that the ventilation quantity of each combustor is unchanged. The inner and outer wind swirl angles of the sliding swirl combustor are unchanged, the strength of the swirl is changed by pushing and pulling the fixed blade ring, the resistance of the air duct is not changed, the ventilation area of the air duct is not changed, and the ventilation quantity of the combustor is not changed. The ventilation volume of all combustors is only related to the opening of the air inlet door of the combustor, is not influenced by the angle of the swirl vanes, and provides an accurate wind control foundation for a numerical control air-coal ratio combustion control system. See figure 1 air duct resistance (area) versus ventilation.
A numerical control high-efficiency rotational flow combustion control system with low NOx and low CO wind-coal ratio is characterized in that a primary air cooling air pipe is additionally arranged on each combustor, when the combustor is in a hot standby state, a primary air cooling air door is opened, cold air with the temperature of less than 50 ℃ is utilized to replace hot secondary air to cool the metal temperature of the combustor at about 350 ℃, the ventilation of a combustion-ineffective hearth is greatly reduced, and the residual O2 in the furnace is greatly reduced. Greatly reducing the environmental condition of NOx generation, and truly reflecting the CO generation condition in the furnace by the residual O2, and really realizing the control of NOx by the low O2 as long as the CO does not increase steeply. The remaining O2 is related to NOx and the remaining O2 is related to CO. As shown in fig. 2 and 10.
The angles of the inner fan blade and the outer fan blade of the combustor are fixed in the optimal matching state, the included angle of the inner fan blade is 40 degrees, and the purpose is that the inner swirling air and primary air powder are ignited to leave the nozzle in a crossed manner by about 30 Cm; the included angle of the outer wind blades is 60 degrees, so that the wind quantity required by secondary combustion, namely wind coal wrapping is provided (shown in figure 9). The intensity of the inner and outer rotational flows is adjusted based on independent ignition, staged combustion, long and narrow flame of coal wrapped by wind and parallel non-disturbance of rotational flow combustion stability of the burner. The adjustment of the swirl strength does not change the matching of the inner wind and the outer wind of the combustor and the mutual influence change of the ventilation of the combustor and the ventilation of the adjacent combustor. The characteristics of independent ignition, staged combustion, wind-wrapped coal long and narrow flame and parallel non-disturbance of the cyclone combustion of the cyclone burner are enhanced.
The arrangement of the hedging cyclone burner is changed into the arrangement of multilayer hedging cyclones. That is, the burner 1/2 is moved downward by the whole rear wall of the hearth to make the front-back and wall-opposed burning time and space similar (as shown in fig. 3). The opposed swirl burner independently catches fire, carries out staged combustion, and winds coal-wrapped long and narrow flames, swirl combustion is orderly and undisturbed in parallel, the air quantity distribution of the hearth is balanced, the flame distribution of the hearth is full, the flame is not impacted and disturbed by superposition of facing opposed flames, and the temperature rising factors of the flame reduction at the center of the hearth caused by the impact and the superposition can be reduced. There is data showing that thermal NOx increases exponentially with increasing reaction temperature T. When the temperature T is less than 1500 ℃, the NOx generation is low, and when the temperature T is more than 1500 ℃, the reaction rate is increased by 6 to 7 times for every 100 ℃ increase. The reduction of the flame temperature in the center of the hearth reduces the generation environment of NOx. The furnace flame temperature is related to NOx as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
The effective combustion space of the rear wall is relatively reduced due to the smoke-folding angle on the rear wall of the hearth, the rear wall combustor is integrally moved downwards, the collision disturbance with the combustion track of the front wall is avoided, the effective combustion space of the rear wall is increased, and the utilization rate of the space in the furnace is improved to the maximum extent.
In order to make clear that the deviation of the air-coal ratio of each combustor is controlled in the minimum range, four combustors are taken as an example in each group, and according to the characteristics that the opposed swirl combustors independently catch fire, carry out staged combustion and wind-coal-wrapped long and narrow flames do not disturb combustion in parallel, as shown in fig. 6, three residual oxygen quantity probes are respectively arranged at the position of each combustor corresponding to the tail flue for detection, the left side shows up, middle and down from left to right, and the right side shows up, middle and down from right to left. The combustion in the furnace is carried out in a closed negative pressure space, the flow rate of flue gas is high, the swirl combustion tracks are not disturbed in parallel in the negative pressure closed space, the flow rate is high, and under the action of no external force, the linear numerical value represents the numerical value of the combustion product of the combustor. The air-coal ratio of each burner is balanced, the air-coal ratio is not biased to the burning track of the adjacent burner, and the tail residual O2 probe can accurately capture the residual O2 deviation of each burner. And data are provided for a numerical control air-coal ratio low NOx and low CO efficient combustion control system. The burner and tail remaining O2 detection point schematic is shown in fig. 6.
And (4) removing or not adopting a mode of adding the burnout air above the combustion area of the hearth. The low-O2 combustion of the opposed swirl combustion boiler is the key for controlling NOx, limited secondary air needs to be well used for perfecting opposed swirl characteristics, independent ignition, staged combustion, long and narrow flame of coal wrapped by air and parallel non-disturbance swirl combustion are realized.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient hedging whirl burning control system of low NOx, low CO of numerical control wind coal ratio, includes preceding wall, the back wall of boiler, all sets up the multilayer combustor layer in preceding wall, the back wall, each combustor layer in preceding wall corresponds with each combustor layer in the back wall, and the combustor in preceding wall, the combustor in the back wall are the form of staggered arrangement, characterized by: the periphery of a primary air powder pipe of each combustor is provided with an inner air rotational flow blade, and the periphery of the inner air rotational flow blade is provided with an outer air rotational flow blade; the angles of the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are fixed and unchanged, and the inner wind rotational flow blade and the outer wind rotational flow blade are pushed and pulled out in the combustor through sliding to change the strength of rotational flow.
2. The numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging swirl flow combustion control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a primary air-cooling air pipe is additionally arranged on each combustor, when the combustor is in a hot standby state, a primary air-cooling air door is opened, and cold air with the temperature less than 50 ℃ is used for cooling the metal temperature of the combustor.
3. The numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging cyclone combustion control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the burners in the front wall and the burners in the rear wall are arranged in a staggered mode and are formed by integrally moving the rear wall downwards.
4. The numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging cyclone combustion control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the included angle of the inner wind rotational flow blades is 40 degrees, and the included angle of the outer wind rotational flow blades is 60 degrees.
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| CN110397911A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-01 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司南通电厂 | Numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging rotational flow combustion control system |
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| CN110397911A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-01 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司南通电厂 | Numerical control air-coal ratio low-NOx and low-CO efficient hedging rotational flow combustion control system |
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