CN210640689U - Hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels - Google Patents
Hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels Download PDFInfo
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- CN210640689U CN210640689U CN201922008163.5U CN201922008163U CN210640689U CN 210640689 U CN210640689 U CN 210640689U CN 201922008163 U CN201922008163 U CN 201922008163U CN 210640689 U CN210640689 U CN 210640689U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hybrid energy storage system with two-way three levels, which comprises a three-level conversion circuit and a hybrid energy storage device, wherein the hybrid energy storage device comprises a super capacitor, a storage battery control circuit and a storage battery; one side of the three-level conversion circuit is connected with a direct current side in parallel, and the other side of the three-level conversion circuit is connected with the super capacitor unit, the storage battery control circuit and the storage battery unit in parallel in sequence; the three-level conversion circuit is used for converting the input level of the direct current side into three levels to be input into the hybrid energy storage device, or converting the output level of the hybrid energy storage device into three levels to be output from the direct current side; and the storage battery control circuit is used for controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery unit. Two energy storage devices share a three-level converter, the size and the cost of the whole hybrid energy storage system are reduced, different working voltage levels can be selected according to the current requirements, independent control over charging and discharging of the super capacitor and the storage battery can be achieved, the super capacitor and the storage battery are not influenced mutually, and the circuit can balance neutral point voltage by utilizing three-level characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of little electric wire netting, a hybrid energy storage system with two-way three level is related to.
Background
In order to improve the transient and steady-state performance of the direct-current micro-grid system, a hybrid energy storage device is introduced into the direct-current micro-grid, namely two energy storage devices with complementary characteristics are combined, and at present, the most used devices for hybrid energy storage are a storage battery and a super capacitor.
Each energy storage device in the traditional hybrid energy storage device is independently connected with a converter, and the structure can greatly increase the volume and cost of hybrid energy storage and simultaneously lead to complex control strategy; when the charge state of the energy storage device is low, the voltage difference between the direct current bus voltage and the terminal voltage of the energy storage device is large, so that the fluctuation of the charge and discharge current of the energy storage device is reduced by a large inductor, and the volume of hybrid energy storage is increased.
At present, a novel storage battery super capacitor hybrid energy storage circuit structure is provided for an electric automobile. The structure reduces the number of power semiconductors, but the super capacitor only has two voltage levels, and the super capacitor cannot effectively inhibit the high-frequency direct-current voltage fluctuation, so that the voltage regulation of a direct-current bus is deteriorated, and the circuit structure is not suitable for being applied to a micro-grid; another new hybrid energy storage system configuration has been proposed to partially mitigate the high voltage and high frequency ripple on the super capacitor, but the battery and super capacitor cannot be controlled independently, and because the dc micro-grid needs independent regulation and proper coordination between different energy storage devices, the circuit structure cannot meet the requirement of the micro-grid.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome among the above-mentioned prior art mixed energy storage device bulky, with high costs and only two voltage classes's shortcoming, provide a mixed energy storage system with two-way three level.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
a hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels comprises a three-level conversion circuit and a hybrid energy storage device, wherein the hybrid energy storage device comprises a super capacitor unit, a storage battery control circuit and a storage battery unit; one side of the three-level conversion circuit is connected with a direct current side in parallel, and the other side of the three-level conversion circuit is connected with the super capacitor unit, the storage battery control circuit and the storage battery unit in parallel in sequence;
the three-level conversion circuit is used for converting the input level of the direct current side into three levels to be input into the hybrid energy storage device, or converting the output level of the hybrid energy storage device into three levels to be output from the direct current side;
and the storage battery control circuit is used for controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery unit.
The utility model discloses further improvement lies in:
the three-level conversion circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a first energy storage capacitor and a second energy storage capacitor; one end of the first energy storage capacitor is connected with one end of the second energy storage capacitor, and the other end of the first energy storage capacitor is connected with the direct-current side positive bus and the collector of the first switch tube; the other end of the second energy storage capacitor is connected with a direct current side negative bus; the emitting electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the second switch tube, the connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the super capacitor unit, the emitting electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the third switch tube, the emitting electrode of the third switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the fourth switch tube and the negative end of the super capacitor unit, the emitting electrode of the fourth switch tube is connected with one end of the second energy storage capacitor connected with the direct current side negative electrode bus, a neutral point N is arranged on the connecting line of the first energy storage capacitor and the second energy storage capacitor, and the neutral point N is connected with the connecting line of the second switch tube and the third switch tube.
The level conversion circuit further comprises a filter inductor, and a connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the super capacitor unit through the filter inductor.
The first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube are all IGBT switch tubes.
The storage battery control circuit comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube; the collector of the first switch tube is connected with the positive end of the super capacitor unit, the emitter of the first switch tube is connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the emitter of the second switch tube is connected with the negative end of the super capacitor unit and the negative end of the storage battery unit, and the connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the storage battery unit.
The battery control circuit 3 further comprises a filter inductor, and the connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the storage battery unit through the filter inductor.
The first switch tube and the second switch tube are both IGBT switch tubes.
The super capacitor unit comprises a plurality of super capacitors connected in series, and the storage battery unit comprises a plurality of storage batteries connected in series.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the three-level conversion circuit is connected with the two energy storage devices, namely the super capacitor unit and the storage battery unit, so that compared with the design that each energy storage device in the traditional hybrid energy storage system is independently connected with one converter, the size and the cost of the hybrid energy storage system can be greatly reduced, and a control strategy can be simplified; the design of the three-level conversion circuit can realize the input and output of three levels, when the energy storage device is in a low state of charge and the voltage difference between the direct-current side voltage and the voltage of the hybrid energy storage device is large, the voltage difference between the direct-current side voltage and the voltage of the hybrid energy storage device can be reduced by using the middle level, the fluctuation of the charging and discharging current of the hybrid energy storage device is reduced without using a large inductor, and the size and the cost of the hybrid energy storage device are further reduced. Meanwhile, a storage battery control circuit is arranged, the storage battery control circuit controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery, the independent control of two energy storage devices of the super capacitor unit and the storage battery unit is realized, the storage battery unit and the super capacitor unit are independently controlled, and the energy distribution of the storage battery unit and the super capacitor unit is better coordinated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of charging at Vdc level according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention for charging at Vdc/2 level;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, which is charged at Vdc/2 level;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a neutral point voltage balancing method according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-three level conversion circuit; 2-a super capacitor; 3-a battery control circuit; 4-storage battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels of the present invention includes a three-level conversion circuit 1 and a hybrid energy storage device; the three-level conversion circuit 1 is used for converting an input level of a direct current side into a three-level input into the hybrid energy storage device or converting an output level of the hybrid energy storage device into a three-level; the hybrid energy storage device comprises a super capacitor 2, a storage battery control circuit 3 and a storage battery 4; one side of the three-level conversion circuit 1 is connected with the super capacitor 2, the storage battery control circuit 3 and the storage battery 4 in parallel in sequence, and the storage battery control circuit 3 is used for controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery 4. The other side of the three-level conversion circuit 1 is connected with a direct current side in parallel, and the direct current side comprises a direct current side negative electrode bus and a direct current side positive electrode bus.
The three-level conversion circuit 1 includes four IGBT switch tubes, a first switch tube S1, a second switch tube S2, a third switch tube S3, a fourth switch tube S4, a first energy-storage capacitor C1, a second energy-storage capacitor C2, and a first filter inductor L1.
One end of a first energy storage capacitor C1 is connected with one end of a second energy storage capacitor C2, and the other end of the first energy storage capacitor C1 is connected with a direct-current side positive electrode bus and a collector electrode of a first switch tube S1; the other end of the second energy storage capacitor C2 is connected with a direct-current side negative bus; an emitter of the first switch tube S1 is connected with a collector of the second switch tube S2, a connecting line of the first switch tube S1 and the second switch tube S2 is connected with a positive electrode end of the super capacitor 2 through a first filter inductor L1, an emitter of the second switch tube S2 is connected with a collector of a third switch tube S3, an emitter of the third switch tube S3 is connected with a collector of the fourth switch tube S4 and a negative electrode end of the super capacitor 2, an emitter of the fourth switch tube S4 is connected with one end of the second energy storage capacitor C2 connected with a direct current side negative electrode bus, a neutral point N is arranged on a connecting line of the first energy storage capacitor C1 and the second energy storage capacitor C2, and the neutral point N is connected with a connecting line of the second switch tube S2 and the third switch tube S3.
The battery control circuit 3 includes two IGBTs, namely a fifth switching tube S5 and a sixth switching tube S6, and a second filter inductor L2.
The collector of the fifth switching tube S5 is connected to the positive terminal of the super capacitor 2, the emitter is connected to the collector of the sixth switching tube S6, the emitter of the sixth switching tube S6 is connected to the negative terminal of the super capacitor 2 and the negative terminal of the battery 4, and the connection line between the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 4 through the second filter inductor L2.
The super capacitor 2 can be replaced by a super capacitor unit formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors 2 in series and parallel, and the storage battery 4 can be replaced by a storage battery unit formed by connecting a plurality of storage batteries 4 in series and parallel.
In this embodiment, the dc bus voltage is 50V, the first energy storage capacitor C1 and the second energy storage capacitor C2 are both 440 μ F, the first filter inductor L1 is 1mH, the second filter inductor L1 is 0.5mH, the size of the super capacitor 2 is 29F, the IGBT switching tube is selected from the IRGB4065 model, the working voltage is 300V, the working current is 70A, the storage battery is selected from the lithium batteries of the IP5642128-4S1P model, the charging voltage is 16.8V, and the charging current is less than 2.1A.
The principle of the present invention is described below:
referring to fig. 2 to 4, when Vdc is selected in the level class of the dc side, the first switch tube S1 and the fourth switch tube S4 are closed, the second switch tube S2 and the third switch tube S3 are opened, and the first filter inductor L1, the first switch tube S1, the first energy storage capacitor C1 and the second energy storage capacitor C2 are connected in series with the fourth switch tube S4.
When the DC side level grade selects Vdc/2, the first switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3 are closed, the second switch tube S2 and the fourth switch tube S4 are opened, and the first filter inductor L1, the first switch tube S1 and the first energy storage capacitor C1 are connected with the third switch tube S3 in series; or the first switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3 are open, the second switch tube S2 and the fourth switch tube S4 are closed, and the first filter inductor L1, the second switch tube S2, the second energy storage capacitor C2 and the fourth switch tube S4 are connected in series.
The black and thick devices in the figure are the devices with the working mode in the working state, arrows indicate the current flowing direction, and when the hybrid energy storage device discharges, the current flowing direction is opposite to the current flowing direction in the figure.
When the storage battery 4 is charged, the fifth switching tube S5 is closed, the sixth switching tube S6 is opened, and the fifth switching tube S5 is connected in series with the second filter inductor L2; when the storage battery 4 discharges, the fifth switching tube S5 is opened, the sixth switching tube S6 is closed, and the sixth switching tube S6 is connected in series with the second filter inductor L2.
The basis for selecting the level is: and selecting the charging and discharging level of the energy storage system according to the slope of the current flowing through the inductor.
The calculation formula of the specified inductive current slope is as follows:
to ensure continuous and smooth inductor current generation, | V must be ensuredL-VucI is small enough to be realized by the three-level characteristic of the DC/DC converter, i.e. when
When (1) selecting
At the moment, the first switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3 work, and the super capacitor 2 is charged; (2) selection of VLWhen the voltage is equal to 0, the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3 are operated. When in use
When, select VL＝VdcAt this time, the second switching tube S2 and the fourth switching tube S4 are operated.
During circuit operation, V is assumedC1＝VC2Vdc/2, wherein VC1Is the voltage, V, of the first energy-storage capacitor C1C2The voltage of the second energy-storing capacitor C2, i.e. the voltage of the neutral point, is always balanced, but in practice this assumption is not true, VC1And VC2May have a large difference, so that neutral point voltage fluctuation is formed, the current response of the energy storage device is reduced, and therefore, a neutral point voltage fluctuation balancing scheme must be adopted to effectively balance VC1And VC2The utility model discloses mixed energy storage system with two-way three level can also realize the balance of neutral point voltage, see fig. 5, specifically includes following step:
(1) when in use
Due to
No neutral point current is generated, and full DC bus voltage V is useddcNeutral point voltage is not affected, wherein VdcIs a DC side voltage, VucIs the supercapacitor 2 voltage.
(2) When in use
When, calculate to get Δ Vc＝Vc1-Vc2Wherein V isc1Is the voltage, V, of the first energy storage capacitor C1c2Is the voltage of the second energy storage capacitor C2.
When Δ Vc>At 0, V may be reduced by discharging the first energy storage capacitor C1C1Or the second energy storage capacitor C2 is charged to increase VC2Make | Δ VcAnd | is reduced to 0, so that neutral point voltage balance adjustment is realized.
When discharging through the first energy storage capacitor C1 to reduce VC1Make | Δ VcWhen | decreases, iL1>0, charging the energy storage device, switching on the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3, switching off the second switching tube S2 and the fourth switching tube S4 to | delta V c0, |; wherein iL1Is a first filterThe sense current is defined to be positive in the direction of the current flowing from the three-level control circuit 1 to the hybrid energy storage device. When V is increased by charging the second energy storage capacitor C2C2Make | Δ VcWhen | decreases, iL1<0, discharging the hybrid energy storage device, disconnecting the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3, and switching the second switching tube S2 and the fourth switching tube S4 to | delta Vc|＝0。
When Δ Vc<At 0, V may be increased by charging the first energy storage capacitor C1C1Or by discharging the second energy-storage capacitor C2 to reduce VC2Make | Δ VcAnd | is reduced to 0, so that neutral point voltage balance adjustment is realized.
When V is increased by charging the first energy storage capacitor C1C1Make | Δ VcWhen | decreases, iL1<0, discharging the hybrid energy storage device, switching on the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3, and switching off the second switching tube S2 and the fourth switching tube S4; to | Δ V c0, |; when discharging through the second energy storage capacitor C2 to reduce VC2Make | Δ VcWhen | decreases, iL1>0, charging the hybrid energy storage device, disconnecting the first switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3, and switching the second switch tube S2 and the fourth switch tube S4 to | delta Vc|＝0。
The three-level conversion circuit is connected with the two energy storage devices, namely the super capacitor unit and the storage battery unit, so that compared with the design that each energy storage device in the traditional hybrid energy storage system is independently connected with one converter, the size and the cost of the hybrid energy storage system can be greatly reduced, and a control strategy can be simplified; the design of the three-level conversion circuit can realize the input and output of three levels, when the energy storage device is in a low state of charge and the voltage difference between the direct-current side voltage and the voltage of the hybrid energy storage device is large, the voltage difference between the direct-current side voltage and the voltage of the hybrid energy storage device can be reduced by using the middle level, the fluctuation of the charging and discharging current of the hybrid energy storage device is reduced without using a large inductor, and the size and the cost of the hybrid energy storage device are further reduced. Meanwhile, a storage battery control circuit is arranged, the storage battery control circuit controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery, the independent control of two energy storage devices of the super capacitor unit and the storage battery unit is realized, the storage battery unit and the super capacitor unit are independently controlled, and the energy distribution of the storage battery unit and the super capacitor unit is better coordinated.
The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels is characterized by comprising a three-level conversion circuit (1) and a hybrid energy storage device, wherein the hybrid energy storage device comprises a super capacitor unit, a storage battery control circuit (3) and a storage battery unit; one side of the three-level conversion circuit (1) is connected with a direct current side in parallel, and the other side of the three-level conversion circuit is connected with the super capacitor unit, the storage battery control circuit (3) and the storage battery unit in parallel in sequence;
the three-level conversion circuit (1) is used for converting an input level of a direct current side into a three-level input mixed energy storage device or converting an output level of the mixed energy storage device into a three-level output from the direct current side;
and a battery control circuit (3) for controlling charging and discharging of the battery unit.
2. The hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional three levels according to claim 1, wherein the three-level conversion circuit (1) comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a first energy storage capacitor and a second energy storage capacitor;
one end of the first energy storage capacitor is connected with one end of the second energy storage capacitor, and the other end of the first energy storage capacitor is connected with the direct-current side positive bus and the collector of the first switch tube; the other end of the second energy storage capacitor is connected with a direct current side negative bus; the emitting electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the second switch tube, the connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the super capacitor unit, the emitting electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the third switch tube, the emitting electrode of the third switch tube is connected with the collecting electrode of the fourth switch tube and the negative end of the super capacitor unit, the emitting electrode of the fourth switch tube is connected with one end of the second energy storage capacitor connected with the direct current side negative electrode bus, a neutral point N is arranged on the connecting line of the first energy storage capacitor and the second energy storage capacitor, and the neutral point N is connected with the connecting line of the second switch tube and the third switch tube.
3. The bidirectional three-level hybrid energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the level conversion circuit (1) further comprises a filter inductor, and the connection line of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is connected to the positive terminal of the super capacitor unit through the filter inductor.
4. The hybrid energy storage system with the bidirectional three levels according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube are all IGBT switching tubes.
5. The bidirectional three-level hybrid energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the battery control circuit (3) comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the collector of the first switch tube is connected with the positive end of the super capacitor unit, the emitter of the first switch tube is connected with the collector of the second switch tube, the emitter of the second switch tube is connected with the negative end of the super capacitor unit and the negative end of the storage battery unit, and the connecting line of the first switch tube and the second switch tube is connected with the positive end of the storage battery unit.
6. The bidirectional three-level hybrid energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the battery control circuit 3 further comprises a filter inductor, and the connection line of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is connected to the positive terminal of the battery unit through the filter inductor.
7. The bidirectional three-level hybrid energy storage system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the first switching tube and the second switching tube are both IGBT switching tubes.
8. The bidirectional three-level hybrid energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the supercapacitor unit comprises a plurality of supercapacitors (2) connected in series, and the accumulator unit comprises a plurality of accumulators (4) connected in series.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112600423A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-04-02 | 四川华泰电气股份有限公司 | Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter |
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2019
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112600423A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-04-02 | 四川华泰电气股份有限公司 | Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter |
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