CN112600423A - Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter - Google Patents

Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112600423A
CN112600423A CN202110229325.7A CN202110229325A CN112600423A CN 112600423 A CN112600423 A CN 112600423A CN 202110229325 A CN202110229325 A CN 202110229325A CN 112600423 A CN112600423 A CN 112600423A
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China
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voltage
input capacitor
current
bridge arm
level
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CN202110229325.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵楠
谢伟
郑泽东
李驰
刘建伟
黄旭东
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Sichuan Huatai Electrical Co ltd
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Sichuan Huatai Electrical Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0069—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a capacitance balance control system and method of a three-level battery charge-discharge converter. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a switching device S1、S2、S3And S4The phase difference between the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave is 180 degrees; the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both smaller than or equal to the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave; or when the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both larger than the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave, acquiring the direction of the inductive current and acquiring the voltage difference value information of the two input capacitors; the switching device is controlled to be turned on and off by this information. The invention controls the on and off of four switching devices by collecting the direction of the inductive current and the difference value information of two input capacitors, effectively simplifies the control flow and solves the problem of uneven voltage of the two input capacitorsThe problem of balance.

Description

Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a battery charging and discharging conversion device, and more particularly, to a capacitance balance control system and method for a three-level battery charging and discharging converter.
Background
Under the theme of energy conservation and emission reduction and environmental protection in the current society, new energy fields such as wind power, photovoltaic, new energy automobiles and the like are more and more emphasized. Wind power and photovoltaic need supporting battery energy storage to adjust the morning and evening tides problem of electric energy, and new energy automobile needs the battery to accomplish the drive operation more. With the development of materials and processes, batteries have lower cost and higher capacity, and thus the market of batteries has been rapidly expanded in recent years.
The battery needs a matched converter to complete a controllable charging and discharging process, and is usually a charging and discharging converter of an energy bidirectional flow battery. The battery charging and discharging converter can convert the input direct current into controllable direct current to be transmitted to the battery side to finish the charging of the battery; the electric energy on the battery side can be reversely discharged to the input side of the converter, so that the electric energy regulation is realized. The battery charging and discharging converter is also divided into an isolated converter and a non-isolated converter, and the non-isolated battery charging and discharging converter is usually adopted in a high-power and fixed setting scene so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the cost and simplifying the control. The non-isolated battery charging and discharging converter is divided into a two-level converter and a three-level converter.
The three-level converter has the advantages of improving equivalent switching frequency, improving voltage withstanding grade, reducing stress of devices and the like, and is widely used. However, the conventional three-level bidirectional dc converter still has many problems such as unbalanced capacitor voltage and complicated control.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to solve the problems of unbalanced capacitor voltage and complicated control of the existing three-level bidirectional dc converter.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a capacitance balance control method of a three-level battery charge-discharge converter, in which: the 4 switching devices which are sequentially connected in series end to end are respectively S1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2Connected to two ends of the bridge arm is a first input capacitor connected in parallel with S3And S4Connected to the two ends of the bridge arm is a second input capacitor, and the first end of the inductor is connected to S1And S2A second end connected to the battery; the capacitance balance control method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first carrier wave, a first modulation wave, a second carrier wave and a second modulation wave, wherein the first carrier wave and the first modulation wave are S respectively1And S2A carrier wave and a modulated wave connected to the bridge arm, the second carrier wave and the second modulated wave being S3And S4The phase difference between the first carrier and the second carrier is 180 degrees; judging whether the circuit is in a 0 level state, wherein the 0 level state is as follows: the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both smaller than or equal to the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave; or the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both larger than the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave; under the condition that the circuit is in a 0 level state, collecting current on the inductor, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end to the second end of the inductor is positive, under the condition that the current is less than 0, the circuit is in a first state, and under the condition that the current is more than or equal to 0, the circuit is in a second state; comparing the voltage of the first input capacitor with the voltage of the second input capacitor; under the condition that the circuit is in the first state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than the voltage of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; in thatWhen the circuit is in the second state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first carrier and the second carrier may be both triangular waves.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the converter, the switching device S1、S2、S3And S4The top end and the bottom end of the connected bridge arms can form an input voltage access port; the converter has a first output port and a second output port, wherein the first output port is located at the S3And S4The second output port is connected to the second end of the inductor, and both the first output port and the second output port are connected to an external battery.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the switching device may include at least one of an IGBT field effect transistor and a MOSFET.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, obtaining the direction of the current on the inductor may be accomplished by configuring a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the comparing the voltage of the first input capacitance with the voltage of the second input capacitance may include: configuring a voltage sensor and an AD sampling circuit in a circuit to acquire the voltage of the first input capacitor and the voltage of the second input capacitor; and comparing the magnitude of the acquired voltage data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the 4 switching devices S are1、S2、S3And S4The switching on and off of (d) can be achieved by controlling the drive pulse.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the case where the circuit is not in the 0 level state, normal modulation can be performed.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a capacitance balance control system of a three-level battery charge-discharge converter, the three-level battery charge-discharge converter including: switching device S connected in series end to end in sequence1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2The first input capacitors connected to both ends of the first bridge arm are connected in parallel to S3And S4A second input capacitor connected to both ends of the second bridge arm and having a first end connected to S1And S2The second end of the intermediate line is connected to the inductor of the battery;
the capacitance balance control system includes: a signal acquisition mechanism, a current acquisition mechanism, a voltage acquisition mechanism, a level judgment mechanism, a current flow direction judgment mechanism, a voltage judgment mechanism and a switch control mechanism, wherein,
the signal acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm and is used for acquiring signal waves on the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the signal waves comprise carrier waves and modulation waves;
the current acquisition mechanism is connected with the inductor and used for acquiring current data on the inductor;
the voltage acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first input capacitor and the second input capacitor and is used for acquiring the voltage on the first input capacitor and the voltage on the second input capacitor;
the level judgment mechanism is connected with the signal acquisition mechanism and can judge whether the circuit is in a 0 level state according to the signal waves acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism, wherein the level judgment mechanism judges that the circuit is in the 0 level state when the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism are less than or equal to the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm or the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm are greater than the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm;
the current flow direction judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the current collecting mechanism, and is used for judging the flow direction of the current collected by the current collecting mechanism under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end to the second end of the inductor is a forward direction;
the voltage judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the voltage collecting mechanism, and is used for judging the magnitude relation of the first voltage and the second voltage collected by the voltage collecting mechanism under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state;
the switch control mechanism is respectively connected with the current flow direction judging mechanism and the voltage judging mechanism, and is also respectively connected with the switch device S1、S2、S3And S4Are respectively connected, and when the current flow direction judging mechanism judges that the current on the inductor is in the positive direction: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; when the current flow direction judging mechanism judges that the current on the inductor is not in the positive direction: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off. In addition, the current acquisition mechanism comprises a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the four switching devices are controlled to be switched on and switched off, so that the output side battery is charged and discharged reasonably, the control flow is simple, and the problem of unbalanced voltage of the first input capacitor and the second input capacitor is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a circuit schematic of a type I three-level bidirectional dc converter;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of capacitance balance control for a three-level battery charge-discharge converter in an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
figure 3a shows a carrier u in an exemplary embodiment of the inventioncarr1、ucarr2And a modulated wave uD1、uD2Schematic diagram of the first case of (1);
figure 3b shows a carrier u in an exemplary embodiment of the inventioncarr1、ucarr2And a modulated wave uD1、uD2Schematic diagram of the second case of (1);
FIG. 4 illustrates u in the case of state 1 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹥uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1);
FIG. 5 illustrates u in the case of state 1 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹤uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1);
FIG. 6 illustrates u in the case of state 2 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹥uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1);
FIG. 7 illustrates u in the case of state 2 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹤uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1).
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a system and method for controlling capacitance balance of a three-level battery charge/discharge converter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
Exemplary embodiment 1
In the present exemplary embodiment, a converter is referred to, in which: the 4 switching devices which are sequentially connected in series end to end are respectively S1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2Connected to two ends of the bridge arm is a first input capacitor connected in parallel with S3And S4Connected to the two ends of the bridge arm is a second input capacitor, and the first end of the inductor is connected to S1And S2And a second end connected to the battery. For example, in the converter, a switching device S1、S2、S3And S4The top end and the bottom end of the connected bridge arms can form an input voltage access port; the converter has a first output port and a second output port, whereinThe first output port is located at S3And S4The second output port is connected with the second end of the inductor, and the first output port and the second output port are both connected with an external battery. For example, the switching device may include at least one of an IGBT field effect transistor and a MOSFET (i.e., a field effect transistor).
The capacitance balance control method of the three-level battery charging and discharging converter related to the converter comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first carrier wave, a first modulation wave, a second carrier wave and a second modulation wave, wherein the first carrier wave and the first modulation wave are S respectively1And S2A carrier wave and a modulated wave connected to the bridge arm, the second carrier wave and the second modulated wave being S3And S4The phase difference between the first carrier and the second carrier is 180 degrees. For example, obtaining a control signal for a switching device may be obtained by a controller, where the controller is a device that generates the control signal for the switching device. For example, the first carrier and the second carrier may both be triangular waves, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Judging whether the circuit is in a 0 level state, wherein the 0 level state is as follows: the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both smaller than or equal to the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave; or the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both larger than the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave. For example, in the case where the circuit is not in the 0 level state, normal modulation can be performed.
Under the condition that the circuit is in a 0 level state, collecting current on the inductor, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end of the inductor to the second end of the inductor is positive, under the condition that the current is less than 0, the circuit is in a first state, and under the condition that the current is more than or equal to 0, the circuit is in a second state; the voltage of the first input capacitor is compared with the voltage of the second input capacitor. Here, that is, the inductance and switching device S1、S2The connection of (a) is a node, and the current on the line on which the inductor is located flows out of the node as positive. For example, obtaining the direction of current on the inductor may be accomplished by configuring a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Here, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,the comparison of the voltage of the first input capacitor and the voltage of the second input capacitor refers to the comparison of the absolute values of the voltages, and the direction of the voltages is not considered.
Under the condition that the circuit is in the first state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than the voltage of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4And (6) turning off. For example, comparing the voltage of the first input capacitance to the voltage of the second input capacitance comprises: configuring a voltage sensor and an AD sampling circuit in a circuit to acquire the voltage of the first input capacitor and the voltage of the second input capacitor; and comparing the magnitude of the acquired voltage data. E.g. 4 switching devices S1、S2、S3And S4The switching on and off can be achieved by controlling the drive ripple.
Under the condition that the circuit is in the second state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off.
In this embodiment, the switching device S is in the first state or the second state when the circuit is in the first state or the second state and the voltage of the first input capacitor is equal to the voltage of the second input capacitor1、S2、S3、S4The switch-on and switch-off requirements are not met, for example, the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out normally, or all the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out, or no processing can be carried out.
Exemplary embodiment 2
In the capacitance balance control system of the three-level battery charge-discharge converter of the present exemplary embodiment, the three-level battery charge-discharge converter includes: switching device S connected in series end to end in sequence1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2A first input capacitor connected across the first leg,is connected in parallel to S3And S4A second input capacitor connected to both ends of the second bridge arm and having a first end connected to S1And S2The second end of the intermediate line is connected to the inductance of the battery.
The capacitance balance control system includes: the device comprises a signal acquisition mechanism, a current acquisition mechanism, a voltage acquisition mechanism, a level judgment mechanism, a current flow direction judgment mechanism, a voltage judgment mechanism and a switch control mechanism.
The signal acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm and used for acquiring signal waves on the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the signal waves comprise carrier waves and modulation waves. For example, the modulated wave of the first leg and the modulated wave of the second leg may be triangular waves having a phase difference of 180 °.
The current acquisition mechanism is connected with the inductor and used for acquiring current data on the inductor. The current data here may be the direction of the current directly taken from the inductor. However, the present invention is not limited thereto as long as the direction of the current of the inductor can be calculated by the data. For example, the current acquisition mechanism may include a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit.
The voltage acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first input capacitor and the second input capacitor and used for acquiring the voltage on the first input capacitor and the voltage on the second input capacitor.
The level judgment mechanism is connected with the signal acquisition mechanism and can judge whether the circuit is in a 0 level state according to the signal waves acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism, wherein the level judgment mechanism judges that the circuit is in the 0 level state when the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism are less than or equal to the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, or the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm are greater than the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
The current flow direction judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the current collecting mechanism, and under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state, the current flow direction judging mechanism is used for judging the flow direction of the current collected by the current collecting mechanism, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end of the inductor to the second end of the inductor is a forward direction.
The voltage judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the voltage collecting mechanism, and under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state, the voltage judging mechanism is used for judging the magnitude relation of the first voltage and the second voltage collected by the voltage collecting mechanism. Here, the comparison of the voltage magnitudes refers to the comparison between the absolute values of the voltages, and does not consider the direction of the voltages.
The switch control mechanism is respectively connected with the current flow direction judging mechanism and the voltage judging mechanism, and is also respectively connected with the switch device S1、S2、S3And S4Are respectively connected, and when the current flow direction judging mechanism judges that the current on the inductor is in the positive direction: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; when the current flow direction judging mechanism judges that the current on the inductor is not in the positive direction: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off.
In this embodiment, when the circuit is at 0 level state and the first voltage is equal to the second voltage, the switching device S1、S2、S3、S4The switch-on and switch-off requirements are not met, for example, the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out normally, or all the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out, or no processing can be carried out.
Exemplary embodiment 3
Fig. 1 shows a circuit schematic of a type I three-level bidirectional dc converter; FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of capacitance balance control for a three-level battery charge-discharge converter in an exemplary embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3a shows the present inventionCarrier u in one exemplary embodiment of the inventioncarr1、ucarr2And a modulated wave uD1、uD2The first case of (1) is shown schematically, and the first case is uD1≦ucarr1And u isD2≦ucarr1And u isD1≦ucarr2And u isD2≦ucarr2The situation of time; figure 3b shows a carrier u in an exemplary embodiment of the inventioncarr1、ucarr2And a modulated wave uD1、uD2In the second case, uD1﹥ucarr1And u isD2﹥ucarr1And u isD1﹥ucarr2And u isD2﹥ucarr2The situation of time; FIG. 4 illustrates u in the case of state 1 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹥uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1); FIG. 5 illustrates u in the case of state 1 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹤uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1); FIG. 6 illustrates u in the case of state 2 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹥uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1); FIG. 7 illustrates u in the case of state 2 in an exemplary embodiment of the inventionC1﹤uC2Schematic diagram of the circuit situation of (1).
As shown in fig. 1, in the present exemplary embodiment, the I-type three-level bidirectional dc converter includes 4 switching devices S1、S2、S3、S42 input capacitors C1、C21 inductor L. Four switching devices S1、S2、S3、S4Are sequentially connected into a bridge arm in an end-to-end series connection mode, P1、Q1The top and bottom ends of the bridge arm, M1、M2、M3Three middle ends of the bridge arm, P1、Q1At the same time is the input voltage uinAn access port of (1). Input capacitance C1Is connected in parallel to S1And S2Two ends of the bridge arm connected to input capacitor C2Is connected in parallel to S3And S4Connected to both ends of a bridge arm, i.e. C1Both ends of (A) and (B) are1And M2The connection is carried out in a connecting way,i.e. C2Both ends of (a) and M2And Q1Are connected. First terminal of inductor L and S1And S2Middle point end M1The second end of the I-type three-level battery charge-discharge converter is connected with the output M of the I-type three-level battery charge-discharge converter4. And M4The corresponding other output port is M3，M3、M4Are connected to the two terminals of an external battery BAT, respectively0Is the voltage across the external battery BAT.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3a and fig. 3b, after the I-type three-level bidirectional dc converter is normally started, S is obtained from the controller1And S2Carrier u of bridge armcarr1And modulated wave uD1Obtaining S from the controller3And S4Carrier u of bridge armcarr2And modulated wave uD2。ucarr1And ucarr2Are symmetrical triangular waves with the phase difference of 180 degrees, and a modulated wave uD1And modulated wave uD2And comparing with the carrier to obtain the control output pulse. When u isD1﹥ucarr1And u isD2﹥ucarr1And u isD1﹥ucarr2And u isD2﹥ucarr2When u is equal toD1≦ucarr1And u isD2≦ucarr1And u isD1≦ucarr2And u isD2≦ucarr2The circuit is also in a "0" level state. In the state of 0 level, the inductive current i is collectedLAnd judging the direction when iLWhen the circuit is in the state 1 in the state of the water tank below 0; when i ≧ 0, the circuit is in state 2. When the circuit is in state 1, the input capacitance C is collected1And C2At a voltage of u, respectivelyC1And uC2And comparing the two voltages, when uC1﹥uC2When S is present2And S4Opening, S1And S3Turning off; when u isC1﹤uC2When S is present1And S3Switch, S2And S4And (6) turning off. When the circuit is in state 2, the input capacitance C is collected1And C2At a voltage of u, respectivelyC1And uC2And comparing the two voltages, when uC1﹥uC2When S is present1And S3Opening, S2And S4Turning off; when u isC1﹤uC2When S is present2And S4Switch, S1And S3And (6) turning off. According to this strategy, it is obviously possible to implement the input capacitance C1And C2The voltage of (2) is balanced. Here, in both the state 1 and the state 2, when u isC1=uC2Time, switch device S1、S2、S3、S4The switch-on and switch-off requirements are not met, for example, the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out normally, or all the switch-on and switch-off can be carried out, or no processing can be carried out.
When i is shown in FIG. 4LBelow 0 and uC1﹥uC2According to the capacitance balance control method, at this time S2And S4Opening, S1And S3Turning off; the current flows through the battery, the inductor L and the switching device S2Capacitor C2And a switching device S4Current to the capacitor C2Charging to realize input capacitance C1And C2The voltage of (2) is balanced.
When i is shown in FIG. 5LBelow 0 and uC1﹤uC2According to the capacitance balance control method, at this time S1And S3Opening, S2And S4Turning off; the current flows through the battery, the inductor L and the switching device S1Capacitor C1And a switching device S3Current to the capacitor C1Charging to realize input capacitance C1And C2The voltage of (2) is balanced.
When i is shown in FIG. 6L0 and uC1﹥uC2According to the capacitance balance control method, at this time S1And S3Opening, S2And S4Turning off; the current flows through the battery, the inductor L and the switching device S3Capacitor C1And a switching device S1Current to the capacitor C1Discharge to realize input capacitance C1And C2The voltage of (2) is balanced.
When i is shown in FIG. 7L0 and uC1﹤uC2According to the capacitance balance control method, at this time S2And S4Opening, S1And S3Turning off;the current flows through the battery, the inductor L and the switching device S4Capacitor C2And a switching device S2Current to the capacitor C2Discharge to realize input capacitance C1And C2The voltage of (2) is balanced.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method of controlling the capacitive balance of a three-level battery charge-discharge converter, characterized in that in said converter: the 4 switching devices which are sequentially connected in series end to end are respectively S1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2Connected to two ends of the bridge arm is a first input capacitor connected in parallel with S3And S4Connected to the two ends of the bridge arm is a second input capacitor, and the first end of the inductor is connected to S1And S2A second end connected to the battery;
the capacitance balance control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first carrier wave, a first modulation wave, a second carrier wave and a second modulation wave, wherein the first carrier wave and the first modulation wave are S respectively1And S2A carrier wave and a modulated wave connected to the bridge arm, the second carrier wave and the second modulated wave being S3And S4The phase difference between the first carrier and the second carrier is 180 degrees;
judging whether the circuit is in a 0 level state, wherein the 0 level state is as follows: the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both smaller than or equal to the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave; or the first modulation wave and the second modulation wave are both larger than the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave;
under the condition that the circuit is in a 0 level state, collecting current on the inductor, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end to the second end of the inductor is positive, under the condition that the current is less than 0, the circuit is in a first state, and under the condition that the current is more than or equal to 0, the circuit is in a second state; comparing the voltage of the first input capacitor with the voltage of the second input capacitor;
under the condition that the circuit is in the first state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than the voltage of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off;
under the condition that the circuit is in the second state, if the voltage of the first input capacitor is greater than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage of the first input capacitor is less than that of the second input capacitor, S is controlled2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first carrier and the second carrier are both triangular waves.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the switching device S is in the converter1、S2、S3And S4The top end and the bottom end of the connected bridge arms form an input voltage access port;
the converter has a first output port and a second output port, wherein the first output port is located at the S3And S4The second output port is connected to the second end of the inductor, and both the first output port and the second output port are connected to an external battery.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the switching device comprises at least one of an IGBT fet and a MOSFET.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the direction of the current in the inductor is obtained by configuring a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the voltage across the first input capacitor to the voltage across the second input capacitor comprises:
configuring a voltage sensor and an AD sampling circuit in a circuit to acquire the voltage of the first input capacitor and the voltage of the second input capacitor;
and comparing the magnitude of the acquired voltage data.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 4 switching devices S are arranged in a manner such that the capacitance balance of the three-level battery charging/discharging converter is controlled1、S2、S3And S4The switching on and off of (d) is achieved by controlling the drive pulse.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein normal modulation is performed when the circuit is not in a 0 state.
9. A capacitance balance control system of a three-level battery charge-discharge converter is characterized in that the three-level battery charge-discharge converter comprises: switching device S connected in series end to end in sequence1、S2、S3And S4Connected in parallel to S1And S2The first input capacitors connected to both ends of the first bridge arm are connected in parallel to S3And S4A second input capacitor connected to both ends of the second bridge arm and having a first end connected to S1And S2The second end of the intermediate line is connected to the inductor of the battery;
the capacitance balance control system includes: a signal acquisition mechanism, a current acquisition mechanism, a voltage acquisition mechanism, a level judgment mechanism, a current flow direction judgment mechanism, a voltage judgment mechanism and a switch control mechanism, wherein,
the signal acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm and is used for acquiring signal waves on the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the signal waves comprise carrier waves and modulation waves;
the current acquisition mechanism is connected with the inductor and used for acquiring current data on the inductor;
the voltage acquisition mechanism is respectively connected with the first input capacitor and the second input capacitor and is used for acquiring the voltage on the first input capacitor and the voltage on the second input capacitor;
the level judgment mechanism is connected with the signal acquisition mechanism and can judge whether the circuit is in a 0 level state according to the signal waves acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism, wherein the level judgment mechanism judges that the circuit is in the 0 level state when the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm acquired by the signal acquisition mechanism are less than or equal to the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm or the modulated waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm are greater than the carrier waves of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm;
the current flow direction judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the current collecting mechanism, and is used for judging the flow direction of the current collected by the current collecting mechanism under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state, wherein the direction of the current flowing from the first end of the inductor to the second end of the inductor is a positive direction;
the voltage judging mechanism is respectively connected with the level judging mechanism and the voltage collecting mechanism, and is used for judging the magnitude relation of the first voltage and the second voltage collected by the voltage collecting mechanism under the condition that the level judging mechanism judges that the circuit is in a 0 level state;
the switch control mechanism is respectively connected with the current flow direction judging mechanism and the voltage judging mechanism, and is also respectively connected with the switch device S1、S2、S3And S4Are respectively connected and judge the current flow directionAnd under the condition that the current on the inductor is judged to be positive: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; when the current flow direction judging mechanism judges that the current on the inductor is not in the positive direction: if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is larger than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S1And S3Is turned on and S2And S4Turning off; if the voltage judging mechanism judges that the first voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the switch control mechanism controls S2And S4Is turned on and S1And S3And (6) turning off.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the current collection mechanism comprises a current sensor and an AD sampling circuit.
CN202110229325.7A 2021-03-02 2021-03-02 Capacitance balance control system and method of three-level battery charging and discharging converter Pending CN112600423A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210402