CN210628421U

CN210628421U - Metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile

Info

Publication number: CN210628421U
Application number: CN201920690068.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟; 胡玉凤
Original assignee: Zhangjiakou Carboding Equipment Engineering Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Sinohydrogen Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhangjiakou Carboding Equipment Engineering Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Sinohydrogen Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-14
Filing date: 2019-05-14
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile, 2 a plurality of monocells are clamped between the isolation plates, an isolation plate and a current collection plate are arranged between the end plate and the monocell at the inlet end, an isolation plate and a current collection plate are arranged between the end plate and the monocell at the outlet end, a fuel gas supply manifold and a fuel cell discharge manifold are arranged on the end plate and the isolation plate at the inlet end, and a fuel gas sealing gasket is arranged between the isolation plate and the monocell; the battery cell includes: a membrane electrode, an anode plate and a cathode plate; an oxidant gas flow channel and a refrigerant gas flow channel are arranged on the negative plate; the insulating plate is provided with an oxidant gas bypass flow channel, an edge convex part and a supporting convex part. The utility model discloses setting up oxidant gas bypass runner near the end plate position, effectively solving and being close to the not enough problem of end plate monocell oxidant gas supply, make air cooling fuel cell pile each monocell oxidant gas supply more balanced between.

Description

Metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cold fuel cell technical field, concrete field is a metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile.

Background

The fuel cell is an energy conversion device, directly converts chemical energy stored in fuel gas and oxidant gas into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and less environmental pollution, and has wide application prospect. A fuel cell generally has a stack structure in which a plurality of unit cells are stacked, and the fuel cell is generally referred to as a fuel cell stack in the industry. Each cell has the following structure:

a Membrane Electrode (MEA) and a bipolar plate, between which a gas flow path for supplying a reaction gas along a surface of the Membrane Electrode is formed. The reactant gas flows from a supply manifold of the reactant gas provided at the outer edge portion of the bipolar plate, through the surface of the membrane electrode, and toward an exhaust manifold provided at the outer edge portion opposite to the outer edge portion of the supply manifold. The fuel gas is supplied to the surface of the anode electrode constituting the fuel cell MEA, and the oxidant gas is supplied to the surface of the other cathode electrode to cause an electrochemical reaction, thereby generating electricity.

The fuel cell can be classified into an air-cooled fuel cell (hereinafter, referred to as an air-cooled fuel cell) and a liquid-cooled fuel cell due to different cooling modes, and the air-cooled fuel cell has the advantages of simple and compact structure, rapid power supply reaction and the like, so that the air-cooled fuel cell is widely applied to scenes such as a standby power supply, an unmanned power cell, a forklift power cell, a portable power supply and the like.

In the air-cooled fuel cell system, the oxidant gas for reaction and the heat dissipation refrigerant gas for the fuel cell stack are both supplied by the fan, so that the oxidant gas supply to each single cell is uneven, and the oxidant gas of the single cells close to the two ends of the stack is not sufficiently supplied, which results in the reduction of the power generation efficiency of the single cells close to the two ends of the stack.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a kind of metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile, the metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile includes monocell, fuel gas sealing gasket, current collecting plate, insulating board, end plate, fastening screw and fastening bolt, 2 said centre gripping has several monocells among the insulating board, the entrance end said is equipped with insulating board and current collecting plate between monocell, the exit end said is equipped with insulating board and current collecting plate between monocell, the entrance end said end plate and insulating board have fuel gas supply manifold and fuel cell discharge manifold, said insulating board and monocell have fuel gas sealing gasket, 2 said end plate pass fastening screw and fastening bolt fixed connection; the battery cell includes: a membrane electrode, an anode plate and a cathode plate; an oxidant gas flow channel and a refrigerant gas flow channel are arranged on the negative plate; the insulating plate is provided with an oxidant gas bypass flow channel, an edge convex part and a supporting convex part, and the inlet end collector plate and the outlet end collector plate are collecting plates of the generated power of each single cell and are used for outputting the collected power to the outside. The fuel cell stack has a plurality of unit cells stacked in a Z direction (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "stacking direction"), and the inlet-side separator plate and the outlet-side separator plate are provided to electrically isolate the inlet-side collector plate and the outlet-side collector plate from the inlet-side end plate and the outlet-side end plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of fuel cells such as a type in which fuel gas is supplied from the inlet-end plate and exhaust gas and exhaust water are discharged to the outside from the outlet-end plate may be employed; the battery cell includes: a membrane electrode, an anode plate and a cathode plate; an oxidant gas flow channel and a refrigerant gas flow channel are arranged on the negative plate; the insulating plate is provided with an oxidant gas bypass flow channel, an edge convex part and a supporting convex part, and the supporting convex part arranged on the insulating plate can provide sectional support for the collector plate and can provide more uniform surface supporting force; the insulating plate is provided with edge convex parts, and the edge convex parts are arranged on two sides of the supporting convex parts and used for positioning and fixing the insulating plate and the collector plate.

Preferably, the membrane electrode, the anode plate and the cathode plate of the single cell are formed by compounding adhesives.

Preferably, the adhesive is made of silicone rubber, polyolefin elastomer, polyacrylate elastomer, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, fluororubber and engineering plastic.

Preferably, the cathode plate is formed by punching a 0.05-0.2mm metal sheet, and the metal sheet can be 316L stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and the like.

Preferably, the cathode plate is stamped with an oxidant gas flow channel and a coolant gas flow channel, the oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141 may provide coolant for cooling the collector plates 13A and 13C, the width of the groove of the oxidant gas flow channel is greater than or equal to the width of the groove of the coolant gas flow channel, and the width of the groove of the oxidant gas flow channel is not greater than 3 mm.

Preferably, the insulating plate is disposed between the collector plate and the end plate for electrical and thermal insulation.

Preferably, the isolation plate is formed by precision injection molding, and the material is bakelite, nylon, silicon rubber, engineering plastics and the like.

Preferably, the collector plate is embedded on the insulation plate, a contact surface of the collector plate facing the direction of the insulation plate is in contact with the support convex part of the insulation plate, and an oxidant gas bypass flow channel is formed, the oxidant gas bypass flow channel can divide the flow of oxidant gas, the dead end effect is reduced, the gas flow of the oxidant gas flow channel of the end single cell tends to be consistent with the rest position, and the oxidant gas bypass flow channel can cool the collector plate, so that the conduction efficiency is improved, and the resistance loss is reduced; the oxidant gas flow channel provides oxidant needed by reaction for the fuel cell, the refrigerant gas flow channel provides refrigerant needed by heat dissipation for the fuel cell, and the oxidant gas and the refrigerant are both air. In the present embodiment, the width ratio of the grooves between the oxidant gas flow channel and the refrigerant gas flow channel is 1.5, but is not limited to 1.5, and may be any value within the ratio of 1.0 to 3.0.

Preferably, the width of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel is not less than the width of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel, the width of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel is not more than 4mm, the depth of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel is not more than the depth of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel, and the depth of the groove of the oxidant gas bypass channel is not less than 1 mm. Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a cross-sectional view of the stack in which the oxidant gas bypass flow channel is not provided, and the oxidant gas flow channel of the distal end cell is closer to the side edge of the fuel cell end plate 15C, and the oxidant gas supply amount is smaller than that of the cell farther from the end side. The resulting decrease in the unit cell reaction efficiency on the side closer to the end plates of the fuel cell. Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial view showing a cross-sectional view of a stack provided with an oxidant gas bypass flow path formed by a distal collector plate and a distal collector plate so that the oxidant gas bypass flow path becomes the oxidant gas flow path closest to the distal end plate. The utility model discloses a beneficial effect makes the oxidant gas runner of distal end monocell and the oxidant gas runner of keeping away from distolateral monocell have close oxidant gas to supply with, has promoted the reaction efficiency of distal end monocell.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses setting up oxidant gas bypass runner near the end plate position, effectively solving and being close to the not enough problem of end plate monocell oxidant gas supply, make air cooling fuel cell pile each monocell oxidant gas supply more balanced between.

2. The utility model discloses with in the isolated board of current collection board embedding to the design closes location fixed knot earlier and constructs, can effectively improve equipment uniformity and reliability. Meanwhile, the oxidant gas bypass flow channel arranged between the collector plate and the isolation plate can provide heat dissipation requirements for the collector plate because oxidant gas passes through the oxidant gas bypass flow channel, and the conductivity is improved.

3. The utility model discloses the support convex part that sets up on the isolated board carries out the sectional type to the current collection board and supports, can compensate because current collection board machining error cause with isolated board contact not real to cause the inhomogeneous and the condition that causes the generating efficiency reduction of current collection board to monocell face pressure.

4. The utility model discloses membrane electrode and bipolar plate pass through bonding complex, have guaranteed the uniformity of monocell structure and the reliability of fuel gas seal

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an air-cooled fuel cell stack according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of an air-cooled fuel cell stack structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stack without the oxidant gas bypass flow path, the cross-sectional view being in the direction of FIG. 2R-R;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of D1 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the stack with oxidant gas bypass flow channels in the orientation of FIG. 2R-R;

fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion D2 in fig. 6.

In the figure: 10-fuel cell stack, 11-single cell, 113-cathode plate, 113A-oxidant gas flow channel, 113B-refrigerant gas flow channel, 12-fuel gas sealing gasket, 13-current collecting plate, 14-isolation plate, 141-oxidant gas bypass flow channel, 142-edge convex part, 143-supporting convex part, 15-end plate, 16-fastening bolt and 17-fastening screw.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a metal polar plate air-cooled fuel cell pile 10, the metal polar plate air-cooled fuel cell pile includes the monocell 11, fuel gas sealing gasket 12, current collector plate 13, insulating plate 14, end plate 15, fastening screw 17 and fastening

bolt

16, 2 said centre gripping has several monocells 11 among the insulating plate 14, there are insulating plate 14 and current collector plate 13 between end plate 15 and monocell 11 in the entrance end, the exit end is equipped with insulating plate 14 and current collector plate 13 between end plate 15 and monocell 11, the entrance end is equipped with fuel gas supply manifold and fuel cell discharge manifold on said end plate 15 and insulating plate 14, said insulating plate 14 and monocell 11 are equipped with the fuel

gas sealing gasket

12, 2 said end plate 15 is fixedly connected through fastening screw 17 and fastening bolt 16; the single cell 11 includes: membrane electrode, anode plate and cathode plate 113; the cathode plate 113 is provided with an oxidant gas flow passage 113A and a refrigerant gas flow passage 113B; the insulating plate 14 is provided with an oxidizing gas bypass flow path 141, an edge projection 142, and a support projection 143, and the current collecting plate 13 at the inlet end and the current collecting plate 13 at the outlet end are collecting plates for the generated power of each cell 11, and output the collected power to the outside. The fuel cell stack 10 includes a plurality of unit cells 11 stacked in a Z direction (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "stacking direction"), an inlet-side separator plate 14 and an outlet-side separator plate 14 electrically isolate an inlet-side collector plate 13 and an outlet-side collector plate 13 from an inlet-side end plate 15 and an outlet-side end plate 15, and supplies fuel gas from the inlet-side end plate 15 to the unit cells 11 via a supply manifold, and discharges exhaust gas and exhaust water from the unit cells 11 to the outside via an exhaust manifold from the inlet-side end plate 15. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of fuel cells such as a type in which fuel gas is supplied from the inlet-end plate 15 and exhaust gas and exhaust water are discharged to the outside from the outlet-end plate 15 may be employed; the single cell 11 includes: membrane electrode, anode plate and cathode plate 113; the cathode plate 113 is provided with an oxidant gas flow passage 113A and a refrigerant gas flow passage 113B; the isolating plate 14 is provided with an oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141, an edge convex part 142 and a supporting convex part 143, and the supporting convex part 143 arranged on the isolating plate 14 can provide sectional support for the collector plate 13 and provide more uniform surface supporting force; the insulating plate 14 is provided with edge protrusions 142, and the edge protrusions 142 are provided on both sides of the supporting protrusions 143 for positioning and fixing the insulating plate 14 and the current collecting plate 13.

Specifically, the membrane electrode, the anode plate, and the cathode plate 113 of the single cell 11 are formed by adhesive.

Specifically, the adhesive is made of silicone rubber, polyolefin elastomer, polyacrylate elastomer, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, fluororubber and engineering plastic.

Specifically, the cathode plate 113 is formed by stamping a 0.05-0.2mm metal sheet, which may be 316L stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, or the like.

Specifically, the cathode plate 113 is stamped with an oxidant gas flow channel 113A and a coolant gas flow channel 113B, the oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141 can provide coolant for the collector plates 13, 13C, the width of the groove of the oxidant gas flow channel 113A is greater than or equal to the width of the groove of the coolant gas flow channel 113B, and the width of the groove of the oxidant gas flow channel 113A is not greater than 3 mm.

Specifically, the insulating plate 14 is disposed between the collector plate 13 and the end plate 15 for electrical and thermal insulation.

Specifically, the insulation board 14 is formed by precision injection molding, and the material is bakelite, nylon, silicone rubber, engineering plastic, or the like.

Specifically, the current collecting plate 13 is embedded in the insulating plate 14, a contact surface of the current collecting plate 13 facing the insulating plate 14 is in contact with the supporting protrusion 143 of the insulating plate 14, and an oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141 is formed, the oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141 can divide the flow of the oxidant gas, so as to reduce the dead end effect, so that the gas flow of the oxidant gas flow channel 113A of the end unit cell 11 tends to be consistent with the rest position, and the oxidant gas bypass flow channel 141 can cool the current collecting plate 13, thereby improving the conduction efficiency and reducing the resistance loss; the oxidant gas channel 113A provides an oxidant required for reaction for the fuel cell, the coolant gas channel 113B provides a coolant required for heat dissipation for the fuel cell, and the oxidant gas and the coolant are both air. In this embodiment, the width ratio of the grooves between the oxidant gas flow channels 113A and the refrigerant gas flow channels 113B is 1.5, but is not limited to 1.5, and may be any value within the ratio of 1.0 to 3.0.

Specifically, the groove width of the oxidant gas bypass channel 141 is equal to or greater than the groove width of the oxidant gas channel 113A, the groove width of the oxidant gas bypass channel 141 is not greater than 4mm, the groove depth of the oxidant gas bypass channel 141 is equal to or less than the groove depth of the oxidant gas channel 113A, and the groove depth of the oxidant gas bypass channel 141 is not less than 1 mm. Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view D1 showing a cross-sectional view of the stack in which the oxidizing gas bypass flow path 141 is not provided, and the oxidizing gas flow path 113A of the distal end cell 11 is closer to the side edge of the fuel cell end plate 15, and the amount of the oxidizing gas supplied is smaller than the oxidizing gas flow path 113A of the cell 11 that is farther from the end side. The reaction efficiency of the unit cells 11 on the side closer to the fuel cell end plate 15 is thereby reduced. Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view D2 showing a cross-sectional view of the stack in which the oxidant gas bypass flow path 141 is provided, and the distal end current collecting plate 13 and the distal end cutoff plate 141 form the oxidant gas bypass flow path 141 such that the oxidant gas bypass flow path 141 becomes the oxidant gas flow path 113A closest to the distal end plate 15. The utility model discloses a beneficial effect makes the oxidant gas runner 113A of distal end monocell 11 and the oxidant gas runner 113A who keeps away from distolateral monocell 11 have close oxidant gas to supply with, has promoted the reaction efficiency of distal end monocell 11.

The working principle is as follows: the fuel cell supplies fuel gas from an end plate at an inlet end to each unit cell via a supply manifold, and discharges exhaust gas and exhaust water from each unit cell from the end plate at the inlet end to the outside via an exhaust manifold. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of fuel cells may be configured, such as a type in which fuel gas is supplied from the inlet-end plate and exhaust gas and exhaust water are discharged to the outside from the outlet-end plate. The oxidant gas flow channel provides oxidant needed by reaction for the fuel cell, the refrigerant gas flow channel provides refrigerant needed by heat dissipation for the fuel cell, and the oxidant gas and the refrigerant are both air. In the present embodiment, the width ratio of the grooves between the oxidant gas flow channel and the refrigerant gas flow channel is 1.5, but is not limited to 1.5, and may be any value within the ratio of 1.0 to 3.0. The air-cooled fuel cell oxidant gas is supplied by a fan disposed on one side of the fuel cell, and the oxidant gas supplies oxidant to each unit cell in the fuel cell from the side opposite to the fan, and discharges exhaust gas and exhaust water from each unit cell to the outside via the fan. The collector plates at the inlet end and the outlet end are collecting plates for the generated power of each cell, and output the collected power to the outside. The insulating plate at the inlet end and the insulating plate at the outlet end are used for electrically isolating the collector plate at the inlet end and the collector plate at the outlet end from the end plate at the inlet end and the end plate at the outlet end.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air-cooled fuel cell stack with metal polar plates is characterized in that: the metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile comprises single cells (11), a fuel gas sealing gasket (12), a current collecting plate (13), an isolating plate (14), an end plate (15), a fastening screw rod (17) and a fastening bolt (16), 2 a plurality of single cells (11) are clamped between the isolating plates (14), the inlet end is provided with the isolating plates (14) and the current collecting plate (13) between the end plate (15) and the single cells (11), the outlet end is provided with the isolating plates (14) and the current collecting plate (13) between the end plate (15) and the single cells (11), the inlet end is provided with a fuel gas supply manifold and a fuel cell exhaust manifold on the end plate (15) and the isolating plates (14), a fuel gas sealing gasket (12) is arranged between the isolation plate (14) and the single cell (11), and 2 end plates (15) are fixedly connected through fastening screws (17) and fastening bolts (16); the battery cell (11) includes: the membrane electrode assembly comprises a membrane electrode, an anode plate and a cathode plate (113), wherein an oxidant gas flow channel (113A) and a refrigerant gas flow channel (113B) are arranged on the cathode plate (113), an oxidant gas bypass flow channel (141), an edge convex part (142) and a supporting convex part (143) are arranged on an isolation plate (14), and the edge convex part (142) is arranged on two sides of the supporting convex part (143).

2. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the membrane electrode, the anode plate and the cathode plate (113) of the single cell (11) are formed by compounding adhesives.

3. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 2, wherein: the adhesive is made of silicon rubber, polyolefin elastomer, polyacrylate elastomer, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, fluororubber or engineering plastic.

4. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the cathode plate (113) is formed by punching a 0.05-0.2mm metal sheet.

5. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: an oxidant gas flow channel (113A) and a refrigerant gas flow channel (113B) are punched on the cathode plate (113), the width of a groove part of the oxidant gas flow channel (113A) is larger than or equal to that of the refrigerant gas flow channel (113B), and the width of the groove part of the oxidant gas flow channel (113A) is not larger than 3 mm.

6. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the insulating plate (14) is arranged between the collector plate (13) and the end plate (15).

7. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the insulating plate (14) is formed by precision injection molding.

8. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the collector plate (13) is embedded on the insulating plate (14), and the contact surface of the collector plate (13) facing the insulating plate (14) is in contact with the supporting convex part (143) of the insulating plate (14) and forms an oxidant gas bypass flow passage (141).

9. The metal plate air-cooled fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein: the width of the groove part of the oxidant gas bypass flow channel (141) is more than or equal to the width of the groove part of the oxidant gas flow channel (113A), the width of the groove part of the oxidant gas bypass flow channel (141) is not more than 4mm, the depth of the groove part of the oxidant gas bypass flow channel (141) is less than or equal to the depth of the groove part of the oxidant gas flow channel (113A), and the depth of the groove part of the oxidant gas bypass flow channel (141) is not less than 1 mm.