CN210610471U - High-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
High-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN210610471U CN210610471U CN201921246561.4U CN201921246561U CN210610471U CN 210610471 U CN210610471 U CN 210610471U CN 201921246561 U CN201921246561 U CN 201921246561U CN 210610471 U CN210610471 U CN 210610471U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
A high-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse comprises a basic frame consisting of a front upright post, a heat insulation wall and an upper cross beam, a closed structure consisting of a rear wall plate, a daylighting shed surface and a daylighting wall surface, a wall surface outer covering plate and a shed surface inner covering plate, and a daylighting plate is further installed at the top end of a rear wall plate 3; the sunlight greenhouse adopts a heightened closed structure, increases the high span ratio of the greenhouse, optimizes the sunlight incidence angle, improves the greenhouse daylighting rate, adopts local heat preservation for a basic frame, is provided with a closed heat storage room, realizes the accumulation and storage of heat energy, slowly releases and utilizes the heat energy, improves the heat energy utilization efficiency, further improves the daylighting efficiency, the heat energy utilization efficiency and the land utilization efficiency of the greenhouse by means of heat collection, energy storage, temperature rise and temperature supplement of a wall surface outer covering plate, a greenhouse surface inner covering plate and a daylighting plate, can improve the greenhouse room temperature by 3-7 ℃ on the basis of the prior art when being applied to agricultural production in northern cold areas, ensures the normal use of the sunlight greenhouse in winter, and realizes all-weather production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sunlight greenhouse, in particular to high daylighting rate cold region sunlight greenhouse.
Background
With the deep development of agricultural industrialization in China, production facilities of agricultural protection lands are more and more widely applied, wherein passive solar building production facilities such as sunlight greenhouses and the like are more and more widely applied to agricultural production and scientific research and teaching activities in related fields due to the characteristic of rich structural functions, and the outstanding characteristic is that a comprehensive environmental condition suitable for growth and development of agricultural crops or having specific functions is created in a certain space range through effectively intervening, controlling and adjusting specific environments, so that high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of crops or other related production, scientific research and teaching targets are realized. Through development for many years, a structural system of the solar greenhouse is well perfected around the design concept of energy conservation and heat preservation, a basic structural mode shown in figure 1 is formed, a high span proportion is reasonably designed through lighting and temperature increase of a front lighting shed surface 10, heat preservation of a rear covering shed surface 20 and a supporting wall body 30, and sunlight collected by the front lighting shed surface 10 is fully utilized, so that the protected ground in the solar greenhouse is efficiently utilized. However, because the width of our country is large, the high latitude area in the north is long and extremely cold in winter, the solar height is low, the irradiation time is too short, the solar energy intake is insufficient, the production in winter needs to be maintained by matching heating facilities, the production and operation cost is too high, the solar greenhouse is only suitable for planting leaf vegetables and is not suitable for planting solanaceous vegetables, the popularization and the application of the solar greenhouse in the high cold area in China are severely restricted, in order to further improve the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the solar greenhouse, a series of research and improvement are carried out on the aspects of the maintenance structure and the maintenance materials of the solar greenhouse, but the problem of insufficient sunlight collection amount is a fundamental problem which restricts the temperature increase of the solar greenhouse all the time. Therefore, the solar greenhouse is necessary to be researched and developed aiming at the climate characteristics of northern cold regions, so that the solar collecting quantity is sufficient, the heat preservation effect is better, the construction cost is lower, the multifunctional solar greenhouse is suitable for industrial production and application, and the agricultural production requirements of northern cold regions are met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a can satisfy the cold district sunlight greenhouse of high daylighting rate that the agricultural production in the cold area in the north needs.
A high-daylighting-rate sunlight greenhouse in cold regions comprises: a basic frame consisting of a front upright post 11, a heat insulation wall 8 and an upper cross beam 9, a closed structure consisting of a rear wall plate 3, a lighting shed surface 1 and a lighting wall surface 2, a wall surface outer covering plate 6 and a shed surface inner covering plate; the basic frame is contained in the closed structure, the cross section of the closed structure is in a triangular stable shape, the whole closed structure has a high span ratio, the lighting shed surface 1 has an optimized incident angle, and the basic frame is characterized in that: the rear wall plate 3 and the horizontal plane form an inclination angle A, the inclination angle A is arranged corresponding to the south inclination with reference to the annual maximum solar altitude angle of an application area, preferably 60-70 degrees, the rear wall plate 3 and the heat insulation wall 8 are enclosed to form a closed heat storage room 18 which has the functions of accumulating heat energy and improving the heat preservation capacity of the lower part of the rear wall plate 3, the wall surface outer covering plate 6 is a solar heat collection structural plate, is arranged outside the closed structure, is hinged on the lighting wall surface 2 and can rotate relative to the lighting wall surface 2, the wall surface outer covering plate 6 is communicated with the closed heat storage room 18 through a first air flow pipeline 12, can convey the collected heat energy to the closed heat storage room 18 through air for accumulation and storage, and the covering plate in the shed surface is arranged in the closed structure in a foldable mode and is hinged on the rear wall plate 3, can be relative back wallboard 3 is rotatory, and self can realize accomodating simultaneously and roll up or open flat and open, has applied the reflector layer on the lateral surface under the state of rolling up for increase the incident sunshine intensity in greenhouse, adjustment incident sunshine overall arrangement.
When the high-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse is used for daylighting, the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface is unfolded and laid on the ground, the inner covering plate of the greenhouse is folded and stored on the rear wall plate 3, at the moment, the space of the basic frame is completely opened, and sunlight enters the greenhouse through the daylighting greenhouse surface 1 and the daylighting wall surface 2 to be heated and warmed; simultaneously, the flatly extends in ground the wall outer cover plate 6 collection is got solar heat energy, through the forced circulation air warp first airflow pipeline 12 conveys it stores to save in the airtight heat accumulation room 18, increases the amount of gathering of sunshine, improves the utilization ratio of sunshine, folds under the state the outside of overlay in the canopy is surperficial in the reflector layer can make in the middle of more sunshine reflections get into the greenhouse, has increased sunshine incident quantity, is of value to improving sunshine irradiation intensity, has changed the sunshine radiation angle, is of value to improving greenhouse land utilization efficiency.
When the high-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse is used for heat preservation, the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface covers and shields the daylighting wall surface 2, so that heat in the basic frame is prevented from being dissipated from the daylighting wall surface 2, the inner covering plate 7 of the greenhouse surface rotates along a hinge point and is flatly covered on the upper cross beam 9, and the heat in the basic frame is prevented from being dissipated from the flat surface of the inner covering plate of the greenhouse surface; at this time, the inner space of the basic frame is completely enclosed by the wall surface outer covering plate 6, the ceiling surface inner covering plate and the heat insulation wall 8, so that the inner space of the basic frame is in a heat preservation state; meanwhile, the heat energy stored in the closed heat storage room 18 during the lighting process is slowly conducted and released into the space of the basic frame through the heat insulation wall 8, so that the space of the basic frame is heated and the temperature is compensated, and the utilization rate of the solar energy is further improved.
Further, in the high-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse, a daylighting plate which can rotate relative to the rear wall plate 3 is hinged to the top end of the rear wall plate 3, the daylighting plate is one of a solar thermal-collecting structural plate 4a with a solar thermal-collecting structure or a solar reflecting plate 4b pasted with a reflecting layer, and can rotationally track the solar altitude angle according to daylighting requirements, so that the daylighting efficiency is ensured; when the installed daylighting panel is a solar heat collection structural panel 4a, the daylighting panel is communicated with the closed heat storage room 18 through a second airflow pipeline 16, and heat collected by the daylighting panel is transferred to the closed heat storage room 18 through forced circulation air to be stored, so that the collection amount of sunlight is further increased, and the utilization rate of the sunlight is improved; when the installed daylighting panel is the solar reflector 4B, incident sunlight irradiates on the reflector surface of the daylighting panel, and the sunlight is reflected into the greenhouse, so that the incident amount of the sunlight is further increased, the sunlight irradiation intensity is improved, and meanwhile, the sunlight radiation angle can be adjusted by adjusting the reflection angle B of the daylighting panel, so that the greenhouse land utilization efficiency is improved.
In order to improve the heat storage capacity of the sealed heat storage compartment 18, it is preferable to fill or place a heat storage and energy storage material with a high heat capacity ratio in the sealed heat storage compartment 18 to increase the heat storage capacity in the sealed heat storage compartment 18 and keep the heat continuously and slowly conducted and diffused.
The utility model has the advantages that: the high-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse adopts a heightened closed structure, increases the high span ratio of the greenhouse, optimizes the sunlight incident angle, improves the daylighting rate of the greenhouse, adopts local heat preservation for a basic frame, is provided with a closed heat storage space, realizes the storage and slow release utilization of heat energy, improves the heat energy utilization efficiency, further improves the daylighting efficiency, the heat energy utilization efficiency and the land utilization efficiency of the greenhouse by means of heat collection, energy storage and temperature increase and temperature compensation of a wall surface outer covering plate, a greenhouse surface inner covering plate and a daylighting plate, is applied to agricultural production in northern cold regions, can improve the room temperature of the greenhouse on the existing basis by 3-7 ℃, ensures the normal use of the sunlight greenhouse in winter, and realizes all-weather production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a conventional sunlight greenhouse.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar greenhouse in the cold area with high lighting rate in the embodiment 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the solar greenhouse in the high-lighting-rate cold area in the thermal insulation state in example 1.
Fig. 4 and 2 are partial enlarged views of the solar heat collecting structure in the outer covering plate of the wall surface at the position I.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar greenhouse in the cold area with high lighting rate in the embodiment 2.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the solar greenhouse in the cold area with high lighting rate in the thermal insulation state in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The claimed technical solution of the present invention is further described by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A solar greenhouse with high daylighting rate for cold areas in north, as shown in figures 2 and 3, comprises a basic frame including a front upright post 11, a heat insulation wall 8 and an upper beam 9, a closed structure including a rear wall plate 3, a daylighting shed surface 1 and a daylighting wall surface 2, a wall surface outer covering plate 6, a shed surface inner covering plate and a daylighting plate; the inclination angle A formed by the rear wall plate 3 and the horizontal plane is 68 degrees, the inclination angle A and the heat insulation wall 8 are enclosed to form a closed heat storage room 18, the high heat capacity ratio heat storage and energy storage material filled or placed in the closed heat storage room 18 is basalt stone, one end of the wall surface outer covering plate 6 is hinged at the bottom of the lighting wall surface 2, the wall surface outer covering plate 6 is communicated with the closed heat storage room 18 through a first airflow pipeline 12 and can transmit the collected heat to the closed heat storage room 18 for storage, the ceiling surface is in a double-layer covering plate overlapping shape and comprises an inner side plate 7a and an outer side plate 7b, the outer side plate 7b is connected on the inner side plate 7a and can slide and extend relative to the inner side plate 7a, one end of the inner side plate 7a is hinged at the joint of the rear wall plate 3 and the upper cross beam 9 and can rotate relative to the rear wall plate 3, the outer side face of the outer side plate 7b is pasted with a reflecting layer, the reflecting layer can reflect sunlight incident in the S direction in the greenhouse in the state that the covering plate is folded in the greenhouse face, the sunlight incident intensity of the greenhouse is increased, the incident sunlight layout is adjusted, the daylighting plate is a solar heat collection structural plate 4a and is installed at the top end of the rear wall plate 3 and communicated with the closed heat storage room 18 through a second airflow pipeline 16, collected heat can be transmitted to the closed heat storage room 18 to be stored in the closed heat storage room 18, and the collection utilization rate of the sunlight is further increased.
The solar heat collection structure with the wall surface outer covering plate 6 is shown in fig. 4 and comprises: a lighting surface 5, a heat insulating base plate 14, and a solar energy receiving paint coating layer 13 coated on the heat insulating base plate 14; a heating air conduction cavity 17 is arranged between the lighting surface 5 and the heat insulation base plate 14, and air heated by the solar energy receiving coating layer 13 flows through the heating air conduction cavity 17 and is transmitted into the closed heat storage room 18 through the first air flow pipeline 12. The solar heat collection structural plate 4a used by the daylighting panel is the same as the solar heat collection structure of the wall surface outer covering plate 6, and the air heated by the solar energy receiving coating flows through the heated air conduction cavity and is conveyed into the closed heat storage room 18 through the second air flow pipeline 16.
In daytime, as shown in fig. 2, the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface is unfolded and laid on the ground, the inner covering plate of the greenhouse is folded and stored on the rear wall plate 3, the daylighting plate faces the direct direction of the sun and keeps a certain angle with the rear wall plate 3, at this time, the space of the basic frame is completely open, and sunlight enters the greenhouse through the daylighting greenhouse surface 1 and the daylighting wall surface 2 to heat and increase the temperature; meanwhile, the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface and the daylighting panel collect solar heat energy, the forced circulating air is respectively transmitted into the closed heat storage room 18 through the first air flow pipeline 12 and the second air flow pipeline 16 to be stored, the collection amount of sunlight is increased, the utilization rate of the sunlight is improved, and the outer side surface of the covering plate in the shed surface in the overlapped state can reflect more incident sunlight in the S direction into the greenhouse, so that the incident amount of the sunlight is increased, and the daylighting rate is improved.
During heat preservation at night, as shown in fig. 3, the wall surface outer covering plate 6 covers and shields the lighting wall surface 2, the covering plate in the shed surface rotates along a hinge point, the outer side plate 7b slides and flattens relative to the inner side plate 7a, the whole covering plate covers the upper cross beam 9, and the lighting plate can be rotatably accommodated on the rear wall plate 3; at this time, the inner space of the basic frame is completely enclosed by the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface, the inner covering plate of the flat-open shed and the heat insulation wall 8, so that the inner space of the basic frame is in a heat insulation state; meanwhile, during the lighting process, the heat energy collected and stored in the closed heat storage room 18 through the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface and the lighting plate is slowly conducted and released into the space of the basic frame through the heat insulation wall 8, so that the space in the basic frame is heated and the temperature is compensated, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved.
Example 2
A solar greenhouse with high daylighting rate for cold areas in north, as shown in figures 5 and 6, comprises a basic frame including a front upright post 11, a heat insulation wall 8 and an upper beam 9, a closed structure including a rear wall plate 3, a daylighting shed surface 1 and a daylighting wall surface 2, a wall surface outer covering plate 6, a shed surface inner covering plate and a daylighting plate; the daylighting panel is a solar reflector 4b and is arranged at the top end of the rear wall plate 3, so that sunlight can be reflected into the greenhouse.
In daytime, as shown in fig. 5, the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface is unfolded and laid on the ground, the inner covering plate of the greenhouse is folded and stored on the rear wall plate 3, the daylighting plate faces the incident direction of sunlight and keeps a certain sunlight reflection angle B with the incident sunlight in the direction S, at the moment, the space of the basic frame is completely open, and the sunlight enters the greenhouse through the daylighting shed surface 1 and the daylighting wall surface 2 to be heated and warmed; meanwhile, the outer cover plate 6 of the wall surface collects solar heat energy, the solar heat energy is transmitted to the closed heat storage room 18 through the first airflow pipeline 12 through forced circulation air to be stored, the collection amount of sunlight is increased, the utilization rate of the sunlight is improved, in the superposed state, the outer side surface of the inner cover plate of the greenhouse surface and the daylighting plate can enable incident sunlight in more S directions to be reflected into the greenhouse, the incident amount of the sunlight is increased, the sunlight irradiation intensity and the daylighting rate are improved, further, the sunlight irradiation layout of the greenhouse can be changed through adjusting the sunlight reflection angle B of the daylighting plate relative to the incident sunlight, and the utilization efficiency of the greenhouse soil is improved.
During heat preservation at night, as shown in fig. 6, the wall surface outer covering plate 6 covers and shields the lighting wall surface 2, the covering plate in the shed surface rotates along a hinge point, the outer side plate 7b slides and flattens relative to the inner side plate 7a, the whole covering plate covers the upper cross beam 9, and the lighting plate can be rotatably accommodated on the rear wall plate 3; at this time, the inner space of the basic frame is completely enclosed by the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface, the inner covering plate of the flat-open shed and the heat insulation wall 8, so that the inner space of the basic frame is in a heat insulation state; meanwhile, during the lighting process, the heat energy collected and stored in the closed heat storage room 18 through the outer covering plate 6 of the wall surface is slowly conducted and released into the space of the basic frame through the heat insulation wall 8, so that the space in the basic frame is heated and supplemented, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved.
Claims (6)
1. A high-daylighting-rate sunlight greenhouse in cold regions is characterized by comprising: the basic frame consists of a front upright post (11), a heat insulation wall (8) and an upper cross beam (9), the closed structure consists of a rear wall plate (3), a lighting shed surface (1) and a lighting wall surface (2), and an outer covering plate (6) of the wall surface and an inner covering plate of the shed surface;
said basic frame is contained in said closed structure, which is in cross-section a triangular stable shape, wherein: back wall board (3) become inclination A with the horizontal plane, back wall board (3) with thermal-insulated wall (8) enclose to separate and form airtight heat accumulation room (18), wall outer cover board (6) are solar energy collection structural slab, set up outside the enclosed construction, articulate on daylighting wall (2), wall outer cover board (6) through first air flow pipeline (12) with airtight heat accumulation room (18) are linked together, the apron sets up with collapsible form in the canopy the enclosed construction, articulate on back wall board (3), it has the reflector layer to paste on the lateral surface under the folded state.
2. The high-daylighting-rate solar greenhouse in cold regions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the back wall plate (3) and the horizontal plane form an inclination angle A of 60-70 degrees.
3. The high-daylighting-rate solar greenhouse in cold regions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the top end of the back wall plate (3) is hinged with a daylighting plate which can rotate relative to the back wall plate (3), the daylighting plate is a solar heat collection structural plate (4 a) with a solar heat collection structure, and the daylighting plate is communicated with the closed heat storage room (18) through a second air flow pipeline (16).
4. The high-daylighting-rate solar greenhouse in cold regions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the top end of the rear wall plate (3) is hinged with a lighting plate which can rotate relative to the rear wall plate (3), and the lighting plate is a solar reflector (4 b) pasted with a reflecting layer.
5. The solar greenhouse in cold area with high daylighting rate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by: and a heat storage and energy storage material with high heat capacity ratio is filled or placed in the closed heat storage room (18).
6. The high-daylighting-rate solar greenhouse in cold regions as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the heat storage and energy storage material with high heat capacity ratio filled or placed in the closed heat storage room (18) is basalt stone.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921246561.4U CN210610471U (en) | 2019-08-03 | 2019-08-03 | High-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse |
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| CN201921246561.4U CN210610471U (en) | 2019-08-03 | 2019-08-03 | High-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114246088A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-29 | 周庆玉 | Greenhouse container and working method |
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2019
- 2019-08-03 CN CN201921246561.4U patent/CN210610471U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114246088A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-29 | 周庆玉 | Greenhouse container and working method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20200810 Address after: 157000 104 stores of Xinglong Greenland community, Jiangnan New Town, Dong'an District, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: Mudanjiang Zhongheng Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 157000 torch Office of Xi'an District, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, 2 committees and 1 group Patentee before: Sun Zhaowen |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |