CN210570922U - Intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system - Google Patents
Intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210570922U CN210570922U CN201921180702.7U CN201921180702U CN210570922U CN 210570922 U CN210570922 U CN 210570922U CN 201921180702 U CN201921180702 U CN 201921180702U CN 210570922 U CN210570922 U CN 210570922U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an intelligent boats and ships liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system, this system contains: the ultrasonic liquid level meter is positioned at the upper part of the ship liquid tank, and comprises a waveguide tube for reducing interference echo, a wireless relay module, a central computer and an onshore data center; during operation, ultrasonic wave level gauge is to liquid level transmission ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic wave returns to the ultrasonic wave level gauge after reaching the liquid level, and it carries out the conversion of liquid level information according to the transmission of self record and the time interval of receiving, and the liquid level information that will convert afterwards is passed to central computer by wireless relay module with serial signal's mode, and central computer will liquid level information handles, the record, obtains tank liquid level information, sends tank liquid level information to the on-shore data center again and carries out the record storage. The advantages are that: the ultrasonic liquid level meter and the waveguide tube are combined, so that the intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system is constructed, the development of an intelligent engine room is promoted, and a more convenient mode is provided for intelligent navigation of ships.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electron and communication technology field, concretely relates to intelligent boats and ships liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system.
Background
The ship intellectualization has become an inevitable trend of the development of the ship manufacturing and shipping field, the China Classification Society (CCS) sets up the 'intelligent ship standard' in 2015 based on the application experience of intelligent ships at home and abroad and the development direction of future ships, and the intelligent ship functions are proposed to be divided into an intelligent navigation, an intelligent ship body, an intelligent engine room, intelligent energy efficiency management, intelligent cargo management and an intelligent integrated platform, wherein the intelligent engine room always occupies an important place in the overall intelligent design of the ship. With the rapid development of science and technology, the design ideas of new equipment and ship intelligent systems are in a large range, and the cabin intellectualization almost becomes the 'standard allocation' of modern ships.
However, in actual operation, the liquid level working condition inside a ship liquid tank such as a fuel oil storage tank is very complex, and the physical characteristics of the fuel not only change along with the production place, but also have a great relationship with the climate; meanwhile, the pressure change in the tank, diffused water vapor and various oil-based volatile gases also have great influence on the accuracy of liquid level measurement, and in addition, the jolt generated in the running process of the ship can also have some adverse effects on the liquid level measurement in the fuel oil storage tank.
The liquid level of a liquid tank is usually tested by adopting an ultrasonic echo ranging principle, but because ultrasonic waves are scattered waves, an ultrasonic probe has a certain beam angle, the liquid level area is reduced when the liquid level is lower, and a coil pipe and a lacing wire exposed out of the oil level have strong echo reflection on the ultrasonic waves, so that the reading of the ultrasonic liquid level meter generates larger errors.
In general, the liquid in the fuel storage tank has poor fluidity at normal temperature and is not easy to pump, and when the pumping unit pumps oil, crude oil needs to be heated to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil, so that good fluidity is obtained, and the oil pumping resistance is reduced. Therefore, the water vapor in the oil tank becomes an invisible interference source, when the water vapor is gathered below the ultrasonic probe, the output of the liquid level meter often has a virtual high phenomenon, and meanwhile, the volatile substances with lower boiling points in the tank can generate obvious interference on liquid level detection due to smoke gas formed by heating.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide an intelligent boats and ships tank liquid level wireless monitoring system, the utility model discloses utilize ultrasonic wave echo range finding principle, combine together ultrasonic wave level gauge, wave guide pipe, wireless relay module, central computer and data center on the bank, send the liquid level information that ultrasonic wave level gauge records to boats and ships central computer through wireless relay module to further send to data center on the bank; wherein, the ultrasonic wave level gauge mainly sends through handling ultrasonic pulse, runs into the time difference after the liquid level returns and measures the liquid height, and wireless relay module is responsible for the liquid level information who will record and sends the management software in giving boats and ships center computer, and boats and ships center computer management software is responsible for handling the data of collecting, record and further will handle the information transmission who arrives land data center and take notes, the utility model discloses an intelligence boats and ships tank liquid level wireless monitoring system has promoted the development in intelligence cabin, also provides a more convenient mode for the navigation of boats and ships intelligence.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: an intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system comprises:
the ultrasonic liquid level meter is positioned above the liquid level of the liquid tank, transmits ultrasonic waves to the liquid level, returns to the ultrasonic liquid level meter after the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the liquid level, converts liquid level information according to the transmission and receiving time interval recorded by the ultrasonic liquid level meter and sends the converted liquid level information in a serial signal mode;
the waveguide tube is used for reducing interference echoes and sleeved at the lower end of the ultrasonic liquid level meter;
the wireless relay module is used for receiving a serial signal sent by the ultrasonic liquid level meter;
the central computer is positioned outside the liquid tank and used for receiving the serial signals sent by the wireless relay module to process and record to obtain liquid level information of the liquid tank;
and the shore data center receives the liquid level information of the liquid tank sent by the central computer, and records and stores the liquid level information of the liquid tank.
Preferably, the waveguide is a rigid cylinder with smooth inner wall, the inner diameter of the waveguide is larger than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer, the length of the waveguide is close to the height of the liquid tank, the upper end of the waveguide is welded on a flange matched with a riser of the liquid tank, and the lower end of the waveguide is submerged below the lowest liquid level.
Preferably, the waveguide is a double-waveguide structure, the double-waveguide structure is a coaxial waveguide installed in an outer waveguide, the outer waveguide is flush with the upper end of the coaxial waveguide, and the length of the coaxial waveguide is smaller than that of the outer waveguide.
Preferably, the ultrasonic level gauge comprises:
the ultrasonic transducer converts the electric signal into an acoustic signal, transmits ultrasonic waves to the liquid surface, and returns to the ultrasonic transducer after the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the liquid surface;
and the controller is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, records the time interval of the ultrasonic transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, and converts the liquid level information according to the time interval information and the cabin temperature information and sends the liquid level information in a serial signal mode.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer comprises:
the piezoelectric transducer converts an electric signal into an acoustic signal and the transceiver receives the acoustic signal;
the transceiver includes:
the ultrasonic wave transmitting pulse width control circuit receives the acoustic signal transmitted by the piezoelectric transducer, transmits the acoustic signal to the liquid level in an ultrasonic wave mode, and transmits the ultrasonic wave to a return signal detection circuit of the transceiver after returning through the liquid level;
an echo signal detection circuit which receives the ultrasonic wave returned from the liquid level;
the signal processing circuit is connected with the echo signal detection circuit, amplifies, compares and differentiates the ultrasonic wave received by the echo signal detection circuit, a sharp pulse signal is formed in a D trigger of the controller, the sharp pulse signal is shaped by the D trigger to obtain a narrow pulse of next jump, and the narrow pulse is transmitted to a single chip microcomputer of the controller;
the single chip microcomputer converts the liquid level information through the time interval of the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception recorded by the ultrasonic wave transmission pulse width control circuit and the echo signal detection circuit, and sends the converted liquid level information in a serial signal mode.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer further comprises a temperature compensation circuit for reducing the temperature influence;
the electronic component of the temperature compensation circuit comprises a thermistor.
Preferably, the wireless relay module includes:
the slave part is positioned close to the oil tank, receives the serial signal transmitted by the ultrasonic liquid level meter and transmits the serial signal to the host part;
and the master machine part is positioned close to the central computer, receives the serial signals transmitted from the slave machine part and transmits the serial signals to the central computer.
Preferably, the ultrasonic level gauge is placed in the geometric centre of the tank plane.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantage:
(1) the utility model discloses an intelligent boats and ships liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system combines together ultrasonic wave level gauge, guided wave pipe, wireless relay module, central computer and on-shore data center, has realized the cabin intellectuality, has promoted the development of intelligent cabin, also provides a more convenient mode for boats and ships intelligence navigation;
(2) the utility model discloses a wireless monitored control system of intelligent boats and ships tank liquid level adopts the guided wave tube structure for the ultrasonic wave can only propagate and reflect in the pipe, greatly reduced useless echo interference, simultaneously because the guided wave tube is relatively closed, also stopped to a certain extent that vapour causes "virtual high" interference for the ultrasonic wave level gauge, further increased the accuracy of liquid level information measurement;
(3) the utility model discloses an intelligence boats and ships tank liquid level wireless monitoring system, the accessible improves the intensity of ultrasonic wave or reduces ultrasonic transducer's power and strengthens ultrasonic wave echo distance measurement's accuracy, has increased the accuracy of liquid level information measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of the intelligent ship oil mass wireless monitoring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic level gauge of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a waveguide according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an interface diagram of the management software of the central computer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, for the utility model discloses a whole block diagram of intelligent boats and ships oil mass wireless monitoring system, the device contains: the system comprises an ultrasonic liquid level meter positioned on the upper part of a ship liquid tank, a waveguide tube sleeved at the lower end of the ultrasonic liquid level meter and used for reducing interference echoes, a wireless relay module, a central computer positioned outside the oil tank and an onshore data center.
The during operation, ultrasonic wave level gauge is ultrasonic wave promptly to liquid level transmission high frequency pulse sound wave, and the ultrasonic wave returns after reaching the liquid level the ultrasonic wave level gauge, the ultrasonic wave level gauge carries out the conversion of liquid level information according to the transmission of self record and the time interval of receiving, and the liquid level information that will convert afterwards is by with serial signal's mode wireless relay module passes to central computer, central computer will liquid level information handles, the record, obtains tank liquid level information, will afterwards tank liquid level information sends the on-shore data center and carries out the record storage.
In this embodiment, the ultrasonic level meter is about 10cm in length, and includes: an ultrasonic transducer (namely an ultrasonic probe) and a controller which are integrated with each other are transmitted and received.
As shown in FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram of the operation of the ultrasonic level meter. In the working process, the ultrasonic transducer converts an electric signal into an acoustic signal, transmits ultrasonic waves to the liquid surface, returns the ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic transducer after the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the liquid surface, the controller connected with the ultrasonic transducer records the time interval of transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic waves, and the controller converts liquid level information according to time interval information and cabin temperature information.
Wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises: a piezoelectric transducer, a transceiver, and a temperature compensation circuit for reducing the effects of temperature. The controller includes: a D flip-flop and a single chip microcomputer with an 80C552 chip. The single chip microcomputer is mainly responsible for the calculation of the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving echo time interval, the conversion of liquid level and the like.
The transceiver includes: the ultrasonic wave transmitting device comprises an ultrasonic wave transmitting pulse width control circuit, an echo signal detection circuit and a signal processing circuit. Since temperature also has an effect on the speed of sound propagation, a temperature compensation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of temperature, the electronic components of the temperature compensation circuit comprising a thermistor.
The piezoelectric transducer converts an electric signal into an acoustic signal, an ultrasonic wave emission pulse width control circuit of the transceiver emits the converted acoustic signal to a liquid level In an ultrasonic wave mode, the ultrasonic wave returns through the liquid level and then is transmitted to an echo signal detection circuit of the transceiver, the echo signal detection circuit inputs the ultrasonic wave from an In end (input end), the ultrasonic wave is amplified, compared and differentiated through a signal processing circuit, a sharp pulse signal is formed at an R end of the D trigger, the sharp pulse signal is shaped through the D trigger to obtain a narrow pulse of next jump, and the narrow pulse is transmitted to an INT end (input end) of the single chip microcomputer.
The interrupt system of the single chip microcomputer records the time interval between two adjacent interrupts of the ultrasonic wave transmitting pulse width control circuit and the echo signal detection circuit of the transceiver, namely the time interval from transmitting to receiving the ultrasonic wave, converts the liquid level information according to the time interval and the information of the temperature compensation circuit, and sends the converted liquid level information in a serial signal mode. The liquid surface distance is calculated from a relational expression L between the acoustic wave propagation distance L (i.e., the distance from the liquid surface) and the ambient sound velocity C and the ultrasonic wave propagation time T, which is C × T/2. It is noted that the temperature in the tank is high, and is compensated by the temperature compensation formula for the speed of sound: the ambient sound velocity is 331.5+0.6 × ambient temperature, and the current ambient sound velocity C is obtained.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the waveguide according to this embodiment. The waveguide is a rigid cylinder with smooth inner wall, and the inner diameter of the waveguide is larger than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer. The length of the wave guide tube is close to the diameter of the oil tank, the upper end of the wave guide tube is welded on a flange matched with a riser of the oil tank, and the lower end of the wave guide tube is submerged below the lowest liquid level (ship oil tank parameter) by 5-10 cm. The application of the wave guide tube enables the ultrasonic wave to be transmitted and reflected only in the tube, greatly reduces the interference of useless echo, and simultaneously avoids the 'virtual height' interference caused by steam to the ultrasonic liquid level meter to a certain extent due to the relative sealing of the wave guide tube.
In actual measurement, in order to solve the problem of wall hanging of crude oil in the wave guide pipe, a double-wave guide pipe structure can be adopted, the structure is that a thinner and shorter coaxial wave guide pipe is arranged in a large wave guide pipe, the upper ends of the two pipes are parallel and level, the length of the small wave guide pipe is very short, the other end of the small wave guide pipe does not sink into the liquid level of the crude oil, and asbestos is fixedly filled in a double-pipe interlayer and used for absorbing clutter.
In the embodiment, the 80C522 chip of the ultrasonic liquid level meter controls and outputs an RS485 serial signal containing liquid level information. Because the oil tank is far away from the ship center computer, the ultrasonic liquid level meter and the ship center computer are communicated in a wireless transmission mode, the carrier frequency is 433MHz, the frequency point does not need to be applied, a professional radio frequency chip is adopted in the wireless relay module, a phase-locked loop technology is integrated, the sensitivity is high, the theoretical transmission distance in an open area can reach 1.2km, a standard communication protocol is adopted, secondary programming is not needed, and the oil tank can be put into operation only through simple setting.
Specifically, the wireless relay module of the present application includes a slave portion and a master portion. The slave part is positioned near the oil tank, receives serial signals transmitted by the ultrasonic liquid level meter and transmits the serial signals to the host part; the host part is positioned near the central computer, receives the serial signals transmitted from the slave part and transmits the serial signals to the central computer.
The slave portion includes: the system mainly comprises a slave control and processing center taking an S3C44BOX as a core and a wireless serial data transmission module taking an nRF401 as a core, wherein the slave control and processing center mainly completes the control and brief data processing of the whole slave system, and transmits an RS485 serial signal obtained from an ultrasonic liquid level meter 80C552 to the nRF401 module (wireless serial data transmission module) through an SIO module inside the slave control and processing center after proper coding processing. The nRF401 module is mainly used for transmitting serial signals to a host part, the nRF401 module is provided with a special chip which is highly integrated and is applied to data serial transmission of 433MHz frequency band, the nRF401 module is widely applied to the field of serial transmission, and the chip can complete data transmission only by a small amount of peripheral chips. In addition, nRF401 module also passes the received data information back to S3C44BOX module (slave control and processing center) for processing.
The master part mainly comprises a radio frequency transceiver module (taking a transceiver module of nRF401 serial signals as a core) and a received signal processing module (taking S3C44BOX as a core) which are basically consistent with the slave part. The receiving signal processing module receives serial signals transmitted from the slave part and transmits the serial signals to the central computer through the radio frequency transceiving module. Meanwhile, the radio frequency transceiver module needs to be connected with a central computer room through a UART interface, the RS-485 conversion interface mainly provides a level conversion function, data converted through the RS-485 interface are transmitted back to the central computer, and the central computer analyzes and processes serial signals and sets corresponding control commands.
The whole wireless relay module adopts a modular design scheme, and synchronous serial transmission is adopted in the sending and receiving parts of the host machine part and the slave machine part. When the host part and the central computer room carry out data transmission, a standard serial communication bus RS-485 is adopted as a data transmission standard, and the whole wireless relay module adopts a standard communication protocol, so that the wireless relay module is convenient to carry out interconnection communication with other systems.
The ship center computer receives the serial signals transmitted by the wireless relay module, management software in the ship center computer is responsible for processing and recording the collected serial signals and controlling the addition and subtraction of the oil quantity according to the obtained liquid level information, as shown in fig. 4, the ship center computer is an interface diagram of the management software of the center computer, the liquid level information in the oil tank can be seen and recorded in real time through the interface, and the addition and subtraction of the oil quantity of the oil tank can be controlled. Meanwhile, the ship center computer further sends the processed information to a shore data center for recording and storing.
In order to realize real-time monitoring of the oil quantity, measurement needs to be carried out during navigation, and the oil tank liquid level is unstable due to bumping generated during the running process of a ship. In order to minimize measurement errors, i.e. to minimize the floating of the tank level, the ultrasonic level gauge may preferably be placed in the geometric center of the tank plane.
Generally, ultrasonic waves propagate in a medium, and the energy of the ultrasonic waves decreases with increasing distance, which is called attenuation of the ultrasonic waves. There are two main cases of attenuation of ultrasonic waves, one is that the sound beam itself is diffused to decrease the energy per unit area, and as a result of reflection or scattering of the ultrasonic wave, the energy cannot propagate in the original direction any more, and in this case, the total energy of the ultrasonic wave is not reduced. In the other case, during the ultrasonic wave propagation, the sound energy is converted into heat energy due to the absorption of the medium, so that the sound energy is reduced, and the mechanism of the case is complex and mainly comprises viscous absorption, relaxation absorption, relative motion absorption and cavitation bubble absorption.
For a given frequency of ultrasound, both its intensity and pressure amplitude decrease exponentially with distance, which can be expressed as:
intensity function I (x) is I0e-2αx
Pressure amplitude P (P)0)＝P0e-2αx
where α is an attenuation constant, α is a function of frequency, α ═ β f0，f0beta is the medium viscosity coefficient, frequency.
The liquid level in the oil tank is not quite calm and sometimes accompanied by smoke, the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave is larger, so that certain sound intensity is the premise of accurate measurement of the liquid level in the oil tank, otherwise, the sound intensity of the ultrasonic wave is too weak, and the returned ultrasonic wave echo can not reach the ultrasonic wave liquid level meter due to excessive attenuation. Since the attenuation constant is highly frequency dependent, we can test by increasing the ultrasonic frequency.
However, if the power of the ultrasonic transducer is greatly reduced and the receiving sensitivity is reduced on the basis of ensuring the low liquid level measuring sensitivity, the liquid level information can be accurately measured. In this case, the intensity of the interfering echo is made much lower than the threshold value recognizable by the ultrasonic transducer, so that the echo recognized by the ultrasonic level gauge is only a useful echo, i.e. a liquid level echo, and the accuracy of the measurement by the ultrasonic level gauge is increased.
It should be noted that the various module components used in this application are implemented by means of existing programs.
To sum up, the utility model discloses an intelligent boats and ships oil mass wireless monitoring system combines together ultrasonic wave level gauge, guided wave pipe, wireless relay module, central computer and data center on the bank, has realized the cabin is intelligent, and the application of guided wave pipe has further increased the accuracy of liquid level information measurement, and the development in intelligent boats and ships oil mass wireless monitoring system has been promoted in appearance, also provides a more convenient mode for boats and ships intelligence navigation.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the present invention. Numerous modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence boats and ships tank liquid level wireless monitoring system which characterized in that contains:
the ultrasonic liquid level meter is positioned above the liquid level of the liquid tank, transmits ultrasonic waves to the liquid level, returns to the ultrasonic liquid level meter after the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the liquid level, converts liquid level information according to the transmission and receiving time interval recorded by the ultrasonic liquid level meter and sends the converted liquid level information in a serial signal mode;
the waveguide tube is used for reducing interference echoes and sleeved at the lower end of the ultrasonic liquid level meter;
the wireless relay module is used for receiving a serial signal sent by the ultrasonic liquid level meter;
the central computer is positioned outside the liquid tank and used for receiving the serial signals sent by the wireless relay module to process and record to obtain liquid level information of the liquid tank;
and the shore data center receives the liquid level information of the liquid tank sent by the central computer, and records and stores the liquid level information of the liquid tank.
2. The intelligent wireless monitoring system for the liquid level of the ship's liquid tank of claim 1,
the waveguide tube is a rigid cylinder with a smooth inner wall, the inner diameter of the waveguide tube is larger than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer, the length of the waveguide tube is close to the height of the liquid tank, the upper end of the waveguide tube is welded on a flange matched with a riser of the liquid tank, and the lower end of the waveguide tube is submerged below the lowest liquid level.
3. The intelligent wireless monitoring system for the liquid level of the ship's liquid tank of claim 1,
the waveguide tube is of a double-waveguide tube structure, the double-waveguide tube structure is formed by installing a coaxial waveguide tube in an outer waveguide tube, the outer waveguide tube is flush with the upper end of the coaxial waveguide tube, and the length of the coaxial waveguide tube is smaller than that of the outer waveguide tube.
4. The intelligent wireless monitoring system for the liquid level of the tank of the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic level meter comprises:
the ultrasonic transducer converts the electric signal into an acoustic signal, transmits ultrasonic waves to the liquid surface, and returns to the ultrasonic transducer after the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the liquid surface;
and the controller is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, records the time interval of the ultrasonic transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, and converts the liquid level information according to the time interval information and the cabin temperature information and sends the liquid level information in a serial signal mode.
5. The intelligent wireless monitoring system for the liquid level of the ship's liquid tank of claim 4,
the ultrasonic transducer also comprises a temperature compensation circuit for reducing the temperature influence;
the electronic component of the temperature compensation circuit comprises a thermistor.
6. The intelligent wireless monitoring system for the liquid level of the ship's liquid tank of claim 1,
the ultrasonic liquid level meter is arranged at the geometric center of the liquid tank plane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921180702.7U CN210570922U (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921180702.7U CN210570922U (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system |
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| CN210570922U true CN210570922U (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| CN201921180702.7U Active CN210570922U (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Intelligent ship liquid tank liquid level wireless monitoring system |
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