CN210535667U - Three-dimensional memory structure - Google Patents
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- CN210535667U CN210535667U CN201921399580.0U CN201921399580U CN210535667U CN 210535667 U CN210535667 U CN 210535667U CN 201921399580 U CN201921399580 U CN 201921399580U CN 210535667 U CN210535667 U CN 210535667U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a three-dimensional storage structure. At least one side of the stacking structure in the three-dimensional storage structure is provided with a step area, one side, far away from the substrate, of the step area is covered with a dielectric layer, the three-dimensional storage structure further comprises a plurality of pseudo channel holes and a plurality of contact holes, and the area ratio of the pseudo channel holes in the step area is optimized in the three-dimensional storage structure; meanwhile, the distance between the centers of the pseudo channel holes and the centers of the contact holes is optimized, compared with the prior art, the effective area between the adjacent pseudo channel holes is guaranteed, so that the contact holes can have enough process windows, the contact resistance between the substrate and the contact holes is prevented from being improved, and the performance of the three-dimensional storage structure is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of semiconductor technology, particularly, relate to a three-dimensional storage structure.
Background
In the prior art, a Flash Memory (Flash Memory) has a main function of maintaining stored information for a long time without power up, and has the advantages of high integration level, high access speed, easy erasing and rewriting and the like, so that the Flash Memory is widely applied to electronic products. In order to further increase the Bit Density (Bit Density) of the flash memory and reduce the Bit Cost (Bit Cost), a three-dimensional flash memory (3D NAND) is further proposed.
In the 3D NAND flash memory structure, a stacked 3DNAND memory structure is realized by vertically stacking a plurality of layers of data storage units. The stack structure in the 3D NAND flash memory structure generally includes a core array region and a step region in which dummy channel holes and contact holes are simultaneously distributed. However, in the existing formation process of the 3D NAND flash memory structure, a problem of insufficient etching (under etch) of the dummy channel hole in the step region is likely to occur, thereby affecting the performance of the finally formed 3D NAND flash memory structure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional storage structure to solve the problem of insufficient etching of the dummy trench holes in the step area in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional storage structure, including a substrate, a stacked structure and a dielectric layer, wherein the stacked structure is located on the substrate, the stacked structure includes a plurality of stacked units stacked along a direction away from the substrate, and at least one end of the stacked structure has a step area, the dielectric layer covers one side away from the substrate in the step area, and the three-dimensional storage structure further includes:
a plurality of dummy channel holes located in the dielectric layer and the step region and penetrating to the substrate;
a dummy channel material layer in each of the dummy channel holes;
the contact holes are positioned in the dielectric layer and the step area and penetrate through the stacking units, the contact holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the stacking units, and the projection of the contact holes and the projection of the pseudo channel holes on the substrate are not overlapped;
the electric connection layer is positioned in each contact hole;
wherein, the sum of the projection areas of the dummy channel holes on the substrate is defined as S1Defining the projection area of the step region on the substrate as S2，S1：S2(1/4-3/5): 1, and defining the shortest distance between each dummy channel hole and each contact hole as Lmin，Lmin≥30nm。
Further, a distance L is defined between the center of the dummy channel hole and the center of the contact hole1Defining the maximum dimension of the dummy channel hole as L2Defining the maximum dimension of the contact hole as L3，L1－L2/2－L3/2≥30nm。
Furthermore, the pseudo channel holes are arranged in a matrix, the matrix comprises a plurality of repeating units, each repeating unit comprises a plurality of pseudo channel holes, and the pseudo channel holes in each repeating unit are distributed along the first direction and are located on two sides of the contact hole.
Further, in the first direction, each repeating unit has at least three dummy channel holes located on the same side of the contact hole.
Furthermore, two repeating units adjacent to each other in the first direction have at least one common dummy channel hole defined as a common dummy channel hole, the common dummy channel hole is located on a predetermined line segment, and the predetermined line segment is a central connecting line of two contact holes adjacent to each other in the first direction.
Further, each dummy channel hole is constituted by an end region and a connection region communicating with each other, both penetrating to the substrate, LminThe shortest distance between the end region and the contact hole is greater than LminThe repeating units adjacent in the first direction are connected by a connecting region.
Further, the connection region is a groove communicating with adjacent repeating units, and two ends of the groove are respectively communicated with one end region.
Further, the connection region is constituted by two grooves crossing each other.
Use the technical scheme of the utility model, a three-dimensional storage structure is proposed, at least one side of stacked structure has the step region among this three-dimensional storage structure, the step region is kept away from one side of substrate and is covered and is stamped the dielectric layer, and above-mentioned three-dimensional storage structure still includes a plurality of pseudo-channel holes and a plurality of contact hole, because the area proportion of pseudo-channel hole in the step region is optimized among the above-mentioned three-dimensional storage structure, compared with prior art, the density of pseudo-channel hole in the step region has been improved, thereby the piling up of etching material in pseudo-channel hole in the formation technology of pseudo-channel hole, and then reduce or avoided the production of the not enough problem of sculpture; meanwhile, the distance between the centers of the pseudo channel holes and the centers of the contact holes is optimized, compared with the prior art, the effective area between the adjacent pseudo channel holes is guaranteed, so that the contact holes can have enough process windows, the contact resistance between the substrate and the contact holes is prevented from being improved, and the performance of the three-dimensional storage structure is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a stacked structure in a three-dimensional storage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial top view of a dummy channel hole and a contact hole in the three-dimensional memory structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial top view of another dummy channel hole and contact hole in the three-dimensional memory structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial top view of another dummy channel hole and contact hole in the three-dimensional memory structure shown in FIG. 1.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a substrate; 20. a stacking unit; 30. a dielectric layer; 40. a dummy channel hole; 410. an end region; 420. a connection region; 50. and (6) contacting the holes.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for purposes of describing the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As described in the background art, in the existing formation process of the 3D NAND flash memory structure, a problem of insufficient etching (under etch) of the dummy channel hole in the step region is likely to occur, thereby affecting the performance of the finally formed 3D NAND flash memory structure.
The utility model discloses study to above-mentioned problem, provided a three-dimensional storage structure, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, including substrate 10, stacked structure and dielectric layer 30, stacked structure is located substrate 10, and stacked structure includes along a plurality of stacked unit 20 of the direction range upon range of keeping away from substrate 10, and stacked structure's at least one end has the step region, and dielectric layer 30 covers in the step region one side of keeping away from substrate 10, and above-mentioned three-dimensional storage structure still includes:
a plurality of dummy channel holes 40 in the dielectric layer 30 and the step region and penetrating to the substrate 10;
a dummy channel material layer in each dummy channel hole 40;
a plurality of contact holes 50 located in the dielectric layer 30 and the step region and penetrating to the stacking units 20, wherein each contact hole 50 is arranged corresponding to each stacking unit 20 one by one, and the projection of each contact hole 50 and each dummy channel hole 40 on the substrate 10 is not overlapped;
an electrical connection layer in each contact hole 50;
wherein the sum of the projected areas of the dummy channel holes 40 on the substrate 10 is defined as S1Defining the projection area of the step region on the substrate 10 as S2(1/4-3/5): 1, and the shortest distance between each dummy channel hole 40 and each contact hole 50 is defined as Lmin，Lmin≥30nm。
Because the area ratio of the pseudo channel hole in the step region is optimized in the three-dimensional storage structure, compared with the prior art, the density of the pseudo channel hole in the step region is improved, so that the accumulation of etching materials in the pseudo channel hole in the forming process of the pseudo channel hole is reduced or avoided, and the problem of insufficient etching is further reduced or avoided; meanwhile, the distance between the centers of the pseudo channel holes and the centers of the contact holes is optimized, compared with the prior art, the effective area between the adjacent pseudo channel holes is guaranteed, so that the contact holes can have enough process windows, the contact resistance of devices is prevented from being improved, and the performance of the three-dimensional storage structure is improved.
The material of the substrate 10 may be single crystal silicon (Si), single crystal germanium (Ge), or silicon germanium (GeSi), silicon carbide (SiC); or silicon-on-insulator (SOI), germanium-on-insulator (GOI); or may be other materials such as group iii-v compounds such as gallium arsenide. In this embodiment, the material of the semiconductor substrate 100 is single crystal silicon (Si).
The stacked structure may further include a core array region, the step region is located on at least one side of the core array region, and the dummy channel holes 40 are distributed in the core array region and the step region, as shown in fig. 1, a region having a higher density of the dummy channel holes 40 is the core array region, and a region having a lower density of the dummy channel holes 40 is the step region.
A plurality of channel holes are further distributed in the core array area and the step area, and storage structures are formed in the channel holes. The memory structure may include a charge storage layer on a sidewall surface of the channel hole and a channel layer on a surface of the charge storage layer, the charge storage layer includes a blocking oxide layer, a charge trapping layer on the blocking oxide layer, and a tunneling oxide layer on the charge trapping layer, the charge trapping layer may be made of silicon nitride, and the channel layer may be made of polysilicon.
The stacked structure may include a plurality of sacrificial layers and a plurality of isolation layers, wherein each sacrificial layer and each isolation layer are alternately stacked in a direction away from the substrate 10, the sacrificial layers are subsequently removed to form a cavity, and the removed positions of the sacrificial layers are used for forming a control gate. The isolation layer is used for electrical isolation between the control gates of different layers and for electrical isolation between the control gates and other devices (conductive contacts, trench holes, etc.). The number of layers of the stacked structure is determined according to the number of memory cells required to be formed in the vertical direction.
The material of the isolation layer may be selected from any one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon carbonitride, and the material of the sacrificial layer may be selected from one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbonitride, amorphous silicon, amorphous carbon, and polysilicon. The above materials enable the sacrificial layer to have a high etch selectivity with respect to the isolation layer.
The dielectric layer 30 covers the step region, and the material of the dielectric layer 30 may be silicon oxide, but is not limited to the above kind, and those skilled in the art can reasonably select the material of the dielectric layer 30 according to the prior art.
The dummy channel material layer is disposed in the dummy channel hole 40, and the dummy via material layer is not removed when the sacrificial layer is removed, so that the dummy via material layer can support the step structure, and the step structure is not easily collapsed.
In order to avoid the influence on the performance of the three-dimensional memory structure caused by too close distance between the dummy channel hole 40 and the contact hole 50, it is preferable to define the distance L between the center of the dummy channel hole 40 and the center of the contact hole 501The maximum dimension of the dummy channel hole 40 is defined as L2Defining the maximum dimension L of the contact hole 503，L1－L2/2－L3/2≥30nm。
The dummy channel holes 40 may be arranged in a matrix including a plurality of repeating units, each of the repeating units including a plurality of dummy channel holes 40, and preferably, the dummy channel holes 40 in each of the repeating units are distributed in the first direction and located at both sides of the contact hole 50, as shown in fig. 2 to 4. The first direction mentioned above should be understood as a direction pointing from the core array region to the step region.
In order to increase the density of the dummy channel holes 40 in the step region while avoiding too close a distance between the dummy channel holes 40 and the contact holes 50, in a preferred embodiment, each repeating unit has at least three dummy channel holes 40 located on the same side of the contact holes 50 in the first direction, as shown in fig. 2.
To further overcome the problem of insufficient etching, it is more preferable that two of the repeating units adjacent in the first direction have at least one common dummy channel hole 40, defined as a common dummy channel hole, the common dummy channel hole being located on a predetermined line segment connecting centers of two of the contact holes 50 adjacent in the first direction, as shown in fig. 2.
In another preferred embodiment, each dummy channel hole 40 is formed of an end region 410 and a connection region 420 which communicate with each other, as shown in fig. 3, the end regionBoth the region 410 and the connection region 420 penetrate through to the substrate 10, LminThe shortest distance between the connection region 420 and the contact hole 50 is greater than L, which is the shortest distance between the end region 410 and the contact hole 50minThe repeating units adjacent in the first direction are connected by the connection region 420.
To further overcome the problem of insufficient etching, it is preferable that the connection region 420 is a trench connecting adjacent repeating units, and two ends of the trench are respectively connected to one end region 410; and, more preferably, the connection region 420 is composed of two grooves crossing each other, as shown in fig. 3.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing the three-dimensional storage structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, forming a stacked structure and a dielectric layer on the substrate 10, the stacked structure including a plurality of stacked units 20 stacked in a direction away from the substrate 10, at least one side of the stacked structure having a step region, the dielectric layer being on the substrate 10 and covering the step region;
s2, forming a plurality of dummy channel holes 40 in the dielectric layer 30 and the step region, each dummy channel hole 40 penetrating through the substrate 10, forming a dummy channel material layer in the dummy channel hole 40;
s3, forming a plurality of contact holes 50 in the dielectric layer 30 and the step regions, the contact holes 50 penetrating through the stacked cells 20, the contact holes 50 corresponding to the stacked cells 20, the contact holes 50 not overlapping with the dummy channel holes 40 in projection onto the substrate 10, and forming electrical connection layers in the contact holes 50.
The three-dimensional memory structure is shown in fig. 1 to 4, and the sum of the projected areas of the dummy channel holes 40 on the substrate 10 is defined as S1Defining the projection area of the step region on the substrate 10 as S2，S1：S2(1/4-3/5): 1, and the shortest distance between each dummy channel hole 40 and each contact hole 50 is defined as Lmin，Lmin≥30nm。
Because the area ratio of the pseudo channel hole in the step area is optimized in the manufacturing method, compared with the prior art, the density of the pseudo channel hole in the step area is improved, so that the accumulation of etching materials in the pseudo channel hole in the forming process of the pseudo channel hole is reduced or avoided, and the problem of insufficient etching is further reduced or avoided; meanwhile, the distance between the centers of the pseudo channel holes and the centers of the contact holes is optimized, compared with the prior art, the effective area between the adjacent pseudo channel holes is guaranteed, so that the contact holes can have enough process windows, the contact resistance of devices is prevented from being improved, and the performance of the three-dimensional storage structure is improved.
An exemplary embodiment of a method for fabricating a three-dimensional memory structure according to the present invention will be described in more detail below. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.
First, the above step S1 is executed: a stacked structure including a plurality of stacked units 20 stacked in a direction away from the substrate 10 and a dielectric layer on the substrate 10 and covering the step region are formed on the substrate 10.
The step of forming the above stacked structure may include: sacrificial layers and isolation layers are sequentially and alternately formed on the substrate 10. The isolation layer and the sacrificial layer may be prepared by conventional deposition processes of the prior art, such as chemical vapor deposition processes.
The process of forming the dielectric layer may be any one selected from a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process, an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition process, a low pressure chemical vapor deposition process, a high density plasma chemical vapor deposition process, and an atomic layer chemical vapor deposition process.
After completion of the above step S1, steps S2 and S3 are sequentially performed: forming a plurality of dummy channel holes 40 in the dielectric layer 30 and the step region, each dummy channel hole 40 penetrating to the substrate 10, and forming a dummy channel material layer in the dummy channel hole 40; a plurality of contact holes 50 are formed in the dielectric layer 30 and the step regions, the contact holes 50 penetrate through the stacked units 20, the contact holes 50 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the stacked units 20, the projections of the contact holes 50 and the dummy channel holes 40 on the substrate 10 do not overlap, and an electrical connection layer is formed in the contact holes 50.
In the above step S2, a plurality of dummy channel holes 40 may be formed in the dielectric layer 30 and the step region in a matrix arrangement, the matrix including a plurality of repeating units, each repeating unit including a plurality of dummy channel holes 40; then, the contact holes 50 are formed by forming the contact holes 50 in step S3 such that the dummy channel holes 40 in each repeating unit are located at both sides of the contact holes 50 in the first direction, as shown in fig. 2 to 4. The first direction mentioned above should be understood as a direction pointing from the core array region to the step region.
In order to increase the density of the dummy channel holes 40 in the step region and to avoid too close a distance between the dummy channel holes 40 and the contact holes 50, in a preferred embodiment, the plurality of dummy channel holes 40 and the plurality of contact holes 50 are sequentially formed such that each repeating unit has at least three dummy channel holes 40 located on the same side of the contact holes 50 in the first direction, as shown in fig. 2.
To further overcome the problem of insufficient etching, it is more preferable that two of the repeating units adjacent in the first direction have at least one common dummy channel hole 40, defined as a common dummy channel hole, the common dummy channel hole being located on a predetermined line segment connecting centers of two of the contact holes 50 adjacent in the first direction.
In another preferred embodiment, by etching the dielectric layer 30 and the step region to form the end region 410 and the connection region 420 in the above step S2, both the end region 410 and the connection region 420 penetrate to the substrate 10; then, by forming the contact hole 50 in step S3, LminThe shortest distance between the connection region 420 and the contact hole 50 is less than L, which is the shortest distance between the end region 410 and the contact hole 50minThe repeating units adjacent in the first direction are connected by the connection region 420.
In the above preferred embodiment, the end region 410 and the connection region 420 in the dummy channel hole 40 may be formed by using different masks, and specifically, the step S2 may include: etching the dielectric layer 30 and the step region through the first mask to form an end region 410; and etching the dielectric layer 30 and the step region through the second mask plate to form a connection region 420, wherein the connection region 420 is a trench communicating with adjacent repeating units, and two ends of the trench are respectively communicated with one end region 410, as shown in fig. 3.
To further overcome the problem of insufficient etching, it is preferable that the connection region 420 is a trench connecting adjacent repeating units, and two ends of the trench are respectively connected to one end region 410; further, it is more preferable that the connection region 420 is formed of two grooves crossing each other, as shown in fig. 3.
In the above preferred embodiment, the end region 410 and the connection region 420 in the dummy channel hole 40 may also be formed simultaneously using the same mask, and specifically, the step S2 may include: the dielectric layer 30 and the stepped region are etched through the third mask to form the end regions 410 and the connection regions 420, as shown in fig. 4.
In the above step S2, a plurality of channel holes may be formed in the stacked structure, and a storage structure may be formed in the channel holes. The memory structure may include a charge storage layer on a sidewall surface of the channel hole and a channel layer on a surface of the charge storage layer, the charge storage layer includes a blocking oxide layer, a charge trapping layer on the blocking oxide layer, and a tunneling oxide layer on the charge trapping layer, the charge trapping layer may be made of silicon nitride, and the channel layer may be made of polysilicon.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. because the area ratio of the pseudo channel hole in the step region is optimized in the three-dimensional storage structure, compared with the prior art, the density of the pseudo channel hole in the step region is improved, so that the accumulation of etching materials in the pseudo channel hole in the forming process of the pseudo channel hole is reduced or avoided, and the problem of insufficient etching is further reduced or avoided;
2. by optimizing the distance between the centers of the pseudo channel holes and the centers of the contact holes, compared with the prior art, the effective area between the adjacent pseudo channel holes is ensured, so that the contact holes can have enough process windows, the improvement of the contact resistance of a device is avoided, and the performance of the three-dimensional storage structure is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional memory structure comprising a substrate (10), a stacked structure and a dielectric layer (30), wherein the stacked structure is located on the substrate (10), the stacked structure comprises a plurality of stacked units (20) stacked along a direction away from the substrate (10), at least one end of the stacked structure has a step area, and the dielectric layer (30) covers a side of the step area away from the substrate (10), the three-dimensional memory structure is characterized by further comprising:
a plurality of dummy channel holes (40) in the dielectric layer (30) and the step region and penetrating to the substrate (10);
a dummy channel material layer in each of the dummy channel holes (40);
a plurality of contact holes (50) located in the dielectric layer (30) and the step region and penetrating through the stacking units (20), wherein each contact hole (50) is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each stacking unit (20), and the projection of each contact hole (50) and each dummy channel hole (40) on the substrate (10) is not overlapped;
an electrical connection layer located in each of the contact holes (50);
wherein the sum of the projected areas of the dummy channel holes (40) on the substrate (10) is defined as S1Defining the projection area of the step area on the substrate (10) as S2，S1：S2(1/4-3/5): 1, and each of the dummy trenches is definedThe shortest distance between the via hole (40) and each contact hole (50) is Lmin，Lmin≥30nm。
2. The three-dimensional memory structure of claim 1, wherein a distance L is defined between a center of the dummy channel hole (40) and a center of the contact hole (50)1Defining a maximum dimension of said dummy channel hole (40) as L2Defining a maximum dimension L of said contact hole (50)3，L1－L2/2－L3/2≥30nm。
3. The three-dimensional memory structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dummy channel holes (40) are arranged in a matrix, the matrix comprises a plurality of repeating units, each repeating unit comprises a plurality of the dummy channel holes (40), and the dummy channel holes (40) in each repeating unit are distributed along a first direction and located at two sides of the contact hole (50).
4. The three-dimensional memory structure of claim 3, wherein in the first direction, each of the repeating units has at least three of the dummy channel holes (40) located on the same side of the contact hole (50).
5. The three-dimensional memory structure of claim 4, wherein two of said repeating units adjacent in said first direction have at least one said dummy channel hole (40) in common, defined as a common dummy channel hole, said common dummy channel hole being located on a predetermined line segment connecting centers of two of said contact holes (50) adjacent in said first direction.
6. The three-dimensional memory structure according to claim 3, wherein each of the dummy channel holes (40) is formed by an end region (410) and a connection region (420) which are communicated with each other, the end region (410) and the connection region (420) both penetrating to the substrate (10), the LminFor the end region (410) and the jointA shortest distance between the contact holes (50), the shortest distance between the connection region (420) and the contact holes (50) being greater than LminThe repeating units adjacent in the first direction are connected by the connecting region (420).
7. The three-dimensional memory structure of claim 6, wherein said connecting region (420) is a trench connecting adjacent ones of said repeating units, said trench having two ends respectively connected to one of said end regions (410).
8. The three-dimensional memory structure according to claim 7, wherein the connection region (420) is constituted by two of said trenches crossing each other.
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