CN210512590U - Temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln - Google Patents
Temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN210512590U CN210512590U CN201920842827.5U CN201920842827U CN210512590U CN 210512590 U CN210512590 U CN 210512590U CN 201920842827 U CN201920842827 U CN 201920842827U CN 210512590 U CN210512590 U CN 210512590U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a temperature controllable type reduction rotary kiln covers through at the rotary kiln hood and adds ultrasonic temperature measurement range finding analysis appearance, and the temperature on the long side of kiln is followed in real-time accurate on-line monitoring. And a series of secondary air nozzles are arranged on the kiln body along the length direction of the kiln, and the air quantity of the secondary air nozzles at corresponding points is changed or the quantity of reducing fuel added from the kiln head and/or the kiln tail of the reducing rotary kiln is adjusted according to the difference between the temperature of the measured point and the target temperature. The uniformity of the temperature field in the kiln along the length direction of the kiln is ensured. The method prevents local temperature from being too high or too low, avoids the occurrence of ring formation in the rotary kiln, provides a longer high-temperature zone for reducing materials, and obviously improves the product quality index.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a reduction rotary kiln, concretely relates to controllable type of temperature reduction rotary kiln belongs to rotary kiln technical field.
Background
Environmental protection sector already has been on SO2And NOx emission charging, along with the pressure of carbon emission reduction intensification, the Chinese carbon emission right trading system is about to operate, and CO2Emissions will also gradually come into the payment range. The traditional long flow brings higher cost burden to the steel enterprises than the short flow; the development trend of iron and steel in the world gradually changes from a long flow of a blast furnace-converter to a short flow of a direct reduction (scrap steel) -electric furnace, the steel ratio of the electric furnace in the United states is improved from 66.8% to 70%, and a plurality of blast furnaces are shut down or temporarily idle; the direct reduction and electric furnace short flow is the direction of green low-carbon high-efficiency development of the steel industry, and the ton steel cost of the short flow of the Nikoco steel company in the United states is reduced by nearly 50-60 dollars compared with the cost of the concurrent steel company adopting a blast furnace-converter flow.
The direct reduction is to carry out solid reduction on the iron oxide under the conditions of no melting and no slagging to produce a metallic iron product, namely Direct Reduced Iron (DRI). The direct reduction method has the following advantages: the steel production process is shortened, the dependence on coking coal resources is eliminated, and the energy structure is improved; the energy consumption of each ton of steel is reduced, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the sustainable development of the steel industry is promoted; optimizing the structure of steel products, and producing important raw materials of high-quality steel and pure steel; the high-quality pure steel casting and forging blank is produced, and the development of equipment manufacturing industry in China is effectively promoted; the problem of shortage of high-quality steel scrap resources is solved; realizes the comprehensive utilization of metallurgical resources, in particular to special metallurgical resources which are difficult to process.
The existing coal-based direct reduction process in the world is not few, but the coal-based direct reduction process which really forms the production scale is mainly a coal-based rotary kiln method, and the rotary kiln method is the most important, most valuable and widely applied process in the coal-based method. The method can produce sponge iron and granular iron by reducing the iron ore according to different operation temperatures, but the method has the most significance for producing the sponge iron by using a rotary kiln operated at low temperature. The rotary kiln has the advantages that the solid coal can be directly used as energy, the raw fuel has strong adaptability, wide distribution and higher reduction efficiency.
The traditional reduction kiln is limited by small productivity and easy ring formation, and has the following problems from the aspect of a thermal system:
1) because the feed amount of the kiln tail coal is small, and the spraying distance of the kiln head coal can not cover the middle-rear part area of the rotary kiln, the pellets at the middle-rear part can not be covered by the reduced coal, the fluctuation of the metallization rate of the pellets discharged from the kiln is large, the number of unqualified pellets is large, and the production is unstable.
2) When the kiln tail coal supply amount is increased in order to cover pellets at the middle rear part of the rotary kiln in operation, the temperature of a cold smoke chamber is rapidly increased to 1100-1200 ℃ due to the increase of the kiln tail coal volatile component overflow amount, dust in a reburning chamber is seriously softened and bonded to form a 'ring', and when the 'ring' locally falls off and falls into a water seal tank, a serious 'water explosion' phenomenon is caused, so that potential safety hazards are brought.
3) The temperature field along the kiln body has larger fluctuation, and the rotary kiln is easy to form rings.
In addition, the structural form of the secondary air nozzle also determines that secondary air and combustible components in the kiln are basically in a parallel flowing state, the mixing is not good, and the volatile components of coal at the tail of the kiln cannot be completely combusted at the middle rear part of the kiln, so that the volatile components enter the smoke cooling chamber and are combusted, which is another important reason for causing the temperature of the smoke cooling chamber to be too high.
The existing temperature measurement method of the rotary kiln comprises infrared temperature measurement, which can only monitor the temperature of some points, and is greatly interfered by the environment and inaccurate in temperature; the thermocouple is inserted into the kiln to directly measure the temperature, is very easy to wear and is difficult to replace, and the service life is short; the non-contact temperature measurement (soft measurement) has low precision and cannot reflect the temperature change in the kiln in real time.
In production, the problems cause the easy ring formation phenomenon of the rotary kiln, the temperature is difficult to control, the combustion and reduction efficiency is low, and the product quality index does not reach the standard.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the temperature in the rotary kiln along the length direction of the kiln is not uniform, the ring is easy to form, and the reduction efficiency is low; the high-temperature section is short, volatile components and CO escape into the reburning chamber, the temperature is difficult to control, the yield is low, and the energy consumption is high; the temperature can not be accurately monitored on line in real time, so that the technical problems of incoordination between an air supply system, a fuel system and the temperature, easy ring formation and the like are caused; the utility model provides a temperature controllable type reduction rotary kiln covers through at the rotary kiln hood and adds ultrasonic temperature measurement range finding analysis appearance, and real-time on-line monitoring is along the temperature on the kiln length direction line. When the temperature abnormality of a certain position in the reduction rotary kiln is monitored, the temperature in the reduction rotary kiln is controlled by adjusting the air inlet amount arranged on the secondary air nozzle along the length direction of the kiln and/or adjusting the amount of reducing fuel added from the position of the kiln head and/or the kiln tail. The uniformity of the temperature field in the kiln along the length direction of the kiln is ensured, the local temperature is prevented from being too high or too low, the occurrence of ring formation in the rotary kiln is avoided, a longer high-temperature zone is provided for reducing materials, and the product quality index is obviously improved. In addition, volatile components, CO and the like volatilized from the material layer are fully combusted with secondary air, so that the temperature is provided for reducing materials in the rotary kiln, the content of the volatile components and the CO entering the reburning chamber is greatly reduced, the fuel utilization efficiency is high, and the high-temperature ring formation and water explosion of the reburning chamber are avoided. The rotary kiln and the temperature control method not only greatly improve the product quality of the direct reduction of the rotary kiln and effectively prevent the occurrence of ring formation of the rotary kiln and a reburning chamber, but also have the characteristics of high temperature detection precision, high combustion and reduction efficiency and controllable temperature and atmosphere.
According to the utility model provides a technical scheme provides a temperature controllable type reduction rotary kiln.
A temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln is characterized in that one end of the reduction rotary kiln is a kiln head, and the other end of the reduction rotary kiln is a kiln tail. The position of the kiln head is provided with a burner. The kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln is provided with an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer. The kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln is divided into n sections. Each section of kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle, and each secondary air nozzle is connected with a fan.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln further comprises a total air pipe. The fan is connected with the main air pipe. Each secondary air nozzle is connected with the main air pipe through an independent air pipe branch pipe. And an air quantity regulating valve is arranged at the position of the secondary air nozzle or on the air pipe branch pipe.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln further comprises a kiln head fuel conveying pipeline. The kiln head fuel conveying pipeline is connected with the burner.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln further comprises a kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline. The tail end of the kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline extends into the kiln tail.
Preferably, the kiln head fuel conveying pipeline is provided with a first fuel flow adjusting device.
Preferably, the kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline is provided with a second fuel flow adjusting device.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln further comprises a kiln head air conveying pipeline. The kiln head air conveying pipeline is connected with the burner.
Preferably, the kiln head air conveying pipeline is provided with a kiln head air volume regulating valve.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln further comprises a reburning chamber. The reburning chamber is arranged at the tail part of the reduction rotary kiln and is connected with the kiln tail.
In the utility model, the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln is divided into n sections,
In the present invention, a is 0.5 to 10m, preferably 0.8 to 8m, more preferably 1 to 5 m.
In the present invention, L is 20 to 300m, preferably 30 to 180m, and more preferably 40 to 160 m.
The utility model discloses in, ultrasonic wave temperature measurement range finding analysis appearance sets up kiln head, kiln body or kiln tail position at the reduction rotary kiln.
The utility model discloses in, the atmosphere temperature of each section kiln body position of ultrasonic wave temperature measurement range finding analysis appearance detection reduction rotary kiln to the atmosphere temperature Ti of corresponding ith section kiln body position is recorded, wherein i ═ 1,2, … …, n.
The utility model discloses in, through adjusting the fan frequency of being connected with the overgrate air spout or adjusting the air regulation valve on the tuber pipe branch pipe of being connected with ith section kiln body position overgrate air spout, adjust the amount of wind of overgrate air spout department on ith section kiln body position.
The utility model discloses in, through first fuel flow control device, adjust the input of kiln head position fuel.
The utility model discloses in, through second fuel flow control device, adjust the input of kiln tail position fuel.
The utility model discloses in, through kiln hood wind air regulation valve, adjust the amount of wind of kiln hood input wind (perhaps through adjusting kiln hood fan power or frequency).
Use the utility model relates to a temperature controllable type reduction rotary kiln's method: the reduction rotary kiln is provided with an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer, the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln is divided into n sections, each section of the kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle, and each secondary air nozzle is connected with a fan; the method comprises the following steps:
1) loading the material to be reduced into a reduction rotary kiln, adding reducing fuel at the kiln head and the kiln tail of the reduction rotary kiln, and spraying secondary air from a secondary air nozzle on each section of kiln body;
2) a burner is arranged at the kiln head of the reduction rotary kiln, and the material to be reduced is combusted and reduced by reducing fuel in the reduction rotary kiln to obtain the reduced material;
3) detecting the atmosphere temperature of each section of kiln body position of the reduction rotary kiln by an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer, and recording the atmosphere temperature Ti corresponding to the section i of kiln body position, wherein i is 1,2, … …, n;
4) according to the target reduction temperature T of the material to be reduced0Comparison of target reduction temperature T0And the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body:
if the temperature of the atmosphere at the position of the section of the kiln body is (1 +/-10%) T0If so, keeping the current process condition unchanged and continuously operating the section;
if the atmosphere temperature at the position of the section of the kiln body exceeds (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (3), performing step 5);
5) adjusting the air quantity at the position of the secondary air nozzle on the ith section of kiln body by adjusting the frequency of a fan connected with the secondary air nozzle or adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve on an air pipe branch pipe connected with the secondary air nozzle at the position of the ith section of kiln body, thereby adjusting the air quantity at the position of the ith section of kiln bodyThe secondary air inlet amount at the position of the section kiln body; the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the section of the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln again, and compares the target reduction temperature T0And the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body:
if the secondary air inlet amount at the section of the kiln body is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti at the section of the kiln body is (1 +/-10%) T0If so, the section keeps the current secondary air intake unchanged, and the temperature adjustment is finished;
if the secondary air inlet amount at the section of the kiln body is adjusted, the real-time atmosphere temperature Ti at the section of the kiln body exceeds (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (3), then performing step 6);
6) the input amount of the fuel at the kiln head position is adjusted through a first fuel flow adjusting device, or the input amount of the fuel at the kiln tail position is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the ith section of the kiln body position is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
Preferably, the target reduction temperatures T are compared0And the atmosphere temperature Ti of the ith section of kiln body position are specifically as follows, calculating the difference value between the atmosphere temperature of the ith section of kiln body position and the target reduction temperature △ E:
ΔE＝Ti-T0。
preferably, the step 5) is specifically as follows:
5a) adjusting the air quantity at the position of the secondary air nozzle on the position of the section i kiln body by adjusting the frequency of a fan connected with the secondary air nozzle or adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve on an air pipe branch pipe connected with the secondary air nozzle at the position of the section i kiln body, thereby adjusting the air inlet quantity of the secondary air at the position of the section i kiln body;
5b) the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the section of the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln again, and compares the target reduction temperature T0Obtaining a difference value △ E with the adjusted atmosphere temperature Ti of the position of the ith section of the kiln body;
analysis and comparison were performed:
5b1) if the difference △ E between the atmosphere temperature and the target reduction temperature at the section of the kiln body position is preferably in the range of +/-10 ℃ within +/-5-20 ℃ after the secondary air intake at the section of the kiln body position is adjusted, keeping the current secondary air intake of the section unchanged, and finishing the temperature adjustment;
5b2) if the absolute value | Delta E | of the difference between the atmosphere temperature of the section of kiln body position and the target reduction temperature is gradually reduced after the secondary air intake at the section of kiln body position is adjusted, the section keeps the currently adjusted secondary air intake;
if the absolute value | Delta E | of the difference between the atmosphere temperature of the section of kiln body position and the target reduction temperature is not reduced after the secondary air intake at the section of kiln body position is adjusted, and △ E is in the range of +/-5-20 (DEG C), preferably +/-10 ℃, then the section keeps the current secondary air intake unchanged, and the temperature adjustment is completed;
if the difference △ E between the atmospheric temperature of the section of the kiln body and the target reduction temperature exceeds the range of +/-5-20 ℃ after the secondary air intake at the section of the kiln body is adjusted, preferably exceeds the range of +/-10 ℃, and | Delta E | does not decrease or increases, then the step 6 is carried out.
Preferably, the step 6) is specifically that after the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer detects that the difference △ E between the atmosphere temperature and the target reduction temperature exceeds the range of +/-5-20 ℃ after the air intake of the secondary air is adjusted, preferably exceeds the range of +/-10 ℃, and | Delta E | does not decrease or increases, the position of the whole reduction rotary kiln at the section of the kiln body is judged:
6a) if the section of the kiln body is positioned in the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the whole reduction rotary kiln body, the input amount of the fuel at the position of the kiln head is adjusted through a first fuel flow adjusting device, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section of the kiln body is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1);
6b) if the section of the kiln body is positioned in the section of the rear section 2/3 or 1/2 of the whole reduction rotary kiln body, the input amount of the fuel at the position of the kiln tail is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the kiln body at the section is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
Preferably, air is sprayed into the kiln head of the reduction rotary kiln; the step 6a) is specifically as follows:
6a1) the kiln body of the section is positioned in the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the whole reduction rotary kiln body, and the air quantity of the kiln head input air is firstly adjusted through a kiln head air quantity adjusting valve (or the power or the frequency of a kiln head fan is adjusted);
6a2) the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body at the section again and compares the target reduction temperature T0Obtaining a difference value △ E with the adjusted atmosphere temperature Ti of the position of the ith section of the kiln body;
analysis and comparison were performed:
6a201) If the difference △ E between the atmosphere temperature of the kiln body position and the target reduction temperature is preferably in the range of +/-10 ℃ within +/-5-20 ℃ after the air volume of the air sprayed at the kiln head position is adjusted, the section keeps the air volume of the air sprayed at the current kiln head position, and the temperature adjustment is finished;
6a202) If the difference value | delta E | between the atmosphere temperature of the kiln body position of the section and the target reduction temperature is gradually reduced after the air quantity of the air sprayed at the kiln head position is adjusted, the section keeps the air quantity of the air sprayed at the currently adjusted kiln head position;
if the absolute value | Delta E | of the difference between the atmosphere temperature of the kiln body position and the target reduction temperature is not reduced after the air volume of the air sprayed at the kiln head position is adjusted, and △ E is preferably in the range of +/-10 ℃ within +/-5-20 ℃, the current secondary air intake of the section is kept unchanged, and the temperature adjustment is finished;
if the difference △ E between the atmospheric temperature of the kiln body position and the target reduction temperature exceeds the range of +/-5-20 ℃ after the air quantity of the air injected into the kiln head position is adjusted, preferably exceeds the range of +/-10 ℃, and the absolute value | delta E | of the difference is not reduced or is increased on the contrary, the step 6a3 is carried out;
6a3) adjusting the input amount of the fuel at the position of the kiln head through a first fuel flow adjusting device, and detecting the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the kiln body again by an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer:
if the amount of the reducing fuel added from the kiln head is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body position at the section is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (2), the current amount of the reducing fuel added from the kiln head is kept unchanged, and the temperature adjustment is finished
If adjusted fromAfter the kiln head is added with the amount of the reducing fuel, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body position at the section still exceeds (1 +/-10 percent) T0Scope of (1), halt check.
Preferably, step 6b) is specifically:
the section of the kiln body is positioned in the section of the rear section 2/3 or 1/2 of the whole reduction rotary kiln body, the input amount of fuel at the position of the kiln tail is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device, and an ultrasonic temperature measuring and ranging analyzer detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the section of the kiln body:
if the amount of the reducing fuel added from the tail of the kiln is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the position of the kiln body at the section is (1 +/-10 percent) T0Keeping the amount of the reducing fuel added from the kiln tail unchanged, and finishing the temperature adjustment;
if the amount of the reducing fuel added from the tail of the kiln is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the position of the kiln body of the section still exceeds (1 +/-10 percent) T0Scope of (1), halt check.
Preferably, the reduction rotary kiln also comprises a total air pipe; the fan is connected with the main air pipe, and each secondary air nozzle is connected with the main air pipe through an independent air pipe branch pipe; the position of the secondary air nozzle or the air pipe branch pipe is provided with an air volume regulating valve;
the air quantity of the secondary air nozzle on the position of the ith section of the kiln body is adjusted to be specifically as follows: and adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve at a secondary air nozzle on the ith section of kiln body, or adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve on an air pipe branch pipe connected with the secondary air nozzle on the ith section of kiln body, so as to adjust the air inlet quantity of secondary air on the ith section of kiln body.
In the application, in order to solve the problem of uneven temperature field in the rotary kiln, the local temperature in the reduction rotary kiln is adjusted by two specific schemes. The first embodiment is as follows: a series of secondary air nozzles are additionally arranged on the kiln body along the length direction of the reduction rotary kiln, and reducing fuel is matched outside the reduction material, and the reducing fuel is sprayed by a burner at the center of the kiln head, so that the reduction atmosphere is kept in the material all the time. Volatile matters and CO of the reducing fuel are dissipated into the cavity flue gas through the material layer, and meanwhile, real-time online temperature measurement and measurement are carried out on the reducing rotary kiln along the extension directionWhen the temperature at a certain position in the reduction rotary kiln is too high or too low, the accurate control of the kiln temperature is realized by adjusting the air intake of secondary air of the kiln body, so that the uniformity of a temperature field in the reduction rotary kiln is realized, the high-temperature reduction section is greatly prolonged, and the product quality index of the reduction rotary kiln is obviously improved. A second possible implementation is: adjusting the secondary air intake of the kiln body and the addition of the reducing fuel at the kiln head and/or the kiln tail, thereby adjusting the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body of the whole reducing rotary kiln at the required target reducing temperature T0(1. + -. 10%) T0Within the range. Thereby realizing the uniformity of the temperature field in the reduction rotary kiln, greatly prolonging the high-temperature reduction section and obviously improving the product quality index of the reduction rotary kiln.
It should be further noted that when the ultrasonic temperature measuring and ranging analyzer detects that the temperature of a certain area of the reduction rotary kiln is abnormal, that is, the temperature is higher or lower than the target reduction temperature of the material to be reduced. The first implementable scheme is preferentially adopted, namely the mode of adjusting the intake of secondary air is adopted to adjust the local temperature. When the temperature of the area with abnormal temperature of the reduction rotary kiln is still higher or lower than the target reduction temperature of the material to be reduced after the first implementable scheme is implemented, the second implementable scheme is adopted, so that the temperature of the area with abnormal temperature is restored to the normal temperature range.
In the application, the difference condition of the real-time atmosphere temperature and the target reduction temperature of each position of the reduction rotary kiln can be accurately reflected through the difference △ E between the atmosphere temperature and the target reduction temperature.
In the application, the secondary air nozzle on the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln is directly connected with the fan, and the air inlet quantity of the secondary air nozzle can be adjusted by controlling the fan (adjusting the frequency of the fan). When secondary air nozzles in a certain area enter air, oxygen is brought in by the air, so that the reductive fuel in the area is fully combusted, and the temperature of the area is increased. When secondary air nozzles in a certain area draw air, high-temperature hot air at the position is drawn away, so that the temperature at the position is reduced. When the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer detects that the temperature of the ith section is abnormal, the fan of the secondary air nozzle of the ith section is controlled to rotate, so that oxygen is fed into or hot air is taken out, and the temperature of the ith section is controlled.
It is further noted that when the first practicable scenario is implemented, i.e., when the second air jet is implemented, the difference △ E between the real-time ambient temperature and the target reduction temperature is gradually decreased or improved, the first implementable scenario continues to be performed, and if the difference △ E between the real-time ambient temperature and the target reduction temperature is unchanged or increased, the second implementable scenario begins to be performed.
In the application, different operation schemes are adopted according to different positions of a temperature abnormal point in the reduction rotary kiln, and if the ith section of the temperature abnormal area is in the section of the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the kiln body, the temperature is controlled by adjusting the addition amount of the reducing fuel in the kiln head; if the i-th section of the temperature abnormal region is in the section 2/3 or 1/2 of the rear section of the kiln body, the temperature is controlled by adjusting the addition amount of reducing fuel at the tail of the kiln.
It should be further noted that the section of the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the kiln body means that it is counted from the end of the kiln head of the reduction rotary kiln. The region of the front section 1/3 is the region from one end of the head to the body 1/3. The region of the front section 1/2 is the region from one end of the head to the body 1/2.
The sections of the rear section 2/3 or 1/2 of the shaft mean, starting from the end of the kiln tail of the reduction rotary kiln. The rear section 2/3 is the region from one end of the kiln tail to the position of the kiln body 2/3. The rear section 1/2 is the region from one end of the kiln tail to the position of the kiln body 1/2.
It is further noted that the reducing fuel can better promote the reduction of the material to be reduced in the reducing atmosphere after entering the reduction rotary kiln. The heat generated in the process can improve the temperature in the reduction rotary kiln.
It is further noted that when the second practicable scheme is implemented, the difference △ E between the real-time atmospheric temperature and the target reduction temperature is gradually decreased or improved, and the second practicable scheme is continuously maintained, if the difference △ E between the real-time atmospheric temperature and the target reduction temperature is not changed or increased, the check is stopped.
In the application, according to the △ E value of the i-th section of the temperature abnormal area, the regulation rule of the secondary air intake is combined, the rotating speed of the fan is regulated, and therefore the air intake of the secondary air nozzle is regulated, and the purpose of reducing the △ E value is achieved.
In the application, the air pressure P of the air injected by adjusting the position of the kiln headsvThe air intake and the air pressure P of the kiln head combustion-supporting gas are adjustedsvAccording to the △ E value of the section i in the abnormal temperature area and the adjustment rule of the air inlet amount of the kiln head, the air inlet pressure of the kiln head is adjusted, so that the air inlet amount of the kiln head is adjusted, and the aim of reducing the △ E value is fulfilled.
In the application, the amount of the reducing fuel added into the kiln head and/or the kiln tail is adjusted according to the △ E value of the section i in the abnormal temperature region and the adjustment rule of the reducing fuel of the kiln head or the kiln tail, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the △ E value.
In the application, the first implementable scheme and the second implementable scheme can be adopted simultaneously, namely the spraying amount (oxygen input) of the secondary air is adjusted through the secondary air nozzle while the amount of the reducing materials at the head and/or the tail of the kiln is adjusted, and the effect is obvious.
It should be noted that the atmosphere temperature of each section of kiln body position of the reduction rotary kiln is detected by the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring instrument, the atmosphere temperature Ti corresponding to the ith section of kiln body position is recorded, and the fan connected with the secondary air nozzle at the ith section of kiln body position is adjusted, so that the air intake of the secondary air at the ith section of kiln body position is adjusted, and the atmosphere temperature Ti at the ith section of kiln body position is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
It needs to be further explained that volatile matters and CO of the reducing fuel are dissipated into the cavity flue gas through the material layer, and a secondary air nozzle is additionally arranged on the kiln body, so that the combustible volatile matters and CO in the kiln tail section flue gas are fully combusted, and the secondary combustion in a reburning chamber of the reduction rotary kiln, the low energy efficiency, the ring formation and the water explosion are avoided.
The technical scheme of the utility model among, can accurately detect the atmosphere temperature in each kiln body district section of reduction rotary kiln through ultrasonic wave temperature measurement range finder analysis appearance, according to the target reduction temperature T who treats the reduction material0Comparing the atmosphere temperature Ti in each section with the target reduction temperature T of the material to be reduced0(ii) a Such as the atmospheric temperature in a certain section of the kiln and the target reduction temperature T of the material to be reduced0If the difference exceeds the set range, adjusting the air inlet amount of secondary air at the position of the section i kiln body, adjusting the amount of air injected at the position of the kiln head, adjusting the addition amount of reducing fuel added at the kiln head and/or adjusting the addition amount of reducing fuel added at the kiln tail by adjusting a fan connected with a secondary air nozzle at the position of the section i kiln body, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body is in the set range. The utility model discloses can the atmosphere temperature in each kiln body district section of accurate control, and then guarantee that the atmosphere temperature of whole reduction rotary kiln is the target reduction temperature who is the most suitable original material of treating to make the high temperature reduction section prolong by a wide margin, the product quality index of reduction rotary kiln is showing and is improving. In addition, the secondary air nozzle is additionally arranged on the kiln body, so that combustible volatile matters and CO in the flue gas at the tail section of the kiln can be fully combusted, and the secondary combustion, low energy efficiency, ring formation and water explosion phenomena in a reburning chamber of the reduction rotary kiln can be avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model following beneficial technological effect has:
1. the utility model can accurately detect the atmosphere temperature in each kiln body section of the reduction rotary kiln through the ultrasonic temperature and distance measurement analyzer, and realize real-time and accurate temperature measurement along the kiln length direction;
2. the utility model discloses according to the atmosphere temperature in each kiln body district section that detects reduction rotary kiln, through adjusting the overgrate air amount of overgrate air spout on corresponding kiln body district section position, make the atmosphere temperature Ti of ith section kiln body position in setting for the within range, make the high temperature section prolong greatly (the temperature is low with wind, the temperature is high with subtracting the wind), output improves at double, the scale increases at double;
3. the utility model adjusts the adding amount of the kiln head and/or the kiln tail added with the reducing fuel according to the actual atmosphere temperature in each kiln section of the reduction rotary kiln, so as to adjust the atmosphere temperature in each kiln section, thereby improving the product quality of the direct reduction of the rotary kiln;
4. by the device of the utility model, the reburning gases such as volatile matters, CO and the like generated in the kiln are fully combusted, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved;
5. through the utility model discloses a device has solved the problem of reburning room looping, has improved the energy utilization efficiency of reburning gas, and the energy consumption reduces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln of the present invention, in which a main air duct is provided;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln of the present invention with an adjusting device;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the working principle of the temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: reducing the rotary kiln; 101: a kiln head; 102: a kiln tail; 103: burning a nozzle; 2: an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer; 3: a secondary air nozzle; 4: a fan; 5: an air volume adjusting valve; 6: a first fuel flow regulating device; 7: a second fuel flow adjustment device; 8: a kiln head air volume adjusting valve; 9: a reburning chamber; l1: a main air duct; l2: air duct branch pipes; l3: a kiln head fuel delivery conduit; l4: a kiln tail fuel delivery conduit; l5: kiln head air conveying pipeline.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below, and the claimed invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln 1 has a kiln head 101 at one end and a kiln tail 102 at the other end. The position of the kiln head 101 is provided with a burner 103. The reduction rotary kiln 1 is provided with an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 on the kiln body. The reduction rotary kiln 1 has a body divided into 20 sections. Each section of kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle 3, and each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a fan 4. The ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 is arranged at the kiln head of the reduction rotary kiln 1.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln 1 has a kiln head 101 at one end and a kiln tail 102 at the other end. The position of the kiln head 101 is provided with a burner 103. The reduction rotary kiln 1 is provided with an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 on the kiln body. The reduction rotary kiln 1 has a kiln body divided into n sections. Each section of kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle 3, and each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a fan 4. The ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 is arranged at the kiln tail of the reduction rotary kiln 1.
The reduction rotary kiln 1 further includes a total wind pipe L1. The blower 4 is connected to a main air duct L1. Each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a main air duct L1 through an independent air duct branch pipe L2. And an air quantity regulating valve 5 is arranged at the position of the secondary air nozzle 3 or on the air pipe branch pipe L2.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, a temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln 1 has a kiln head 101 at one end and a kiln tail 102 at the other end. The position of the kiln head 101 is provided with a burner 103. The reduction rotary kiln 1 is provided with an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 on the kiln body. The reduction rotary kiln 1 has a kiln body divided into n sections. Each section of kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle 3, and each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a fan 4.
The reduction rotary kiln 1 further includes a total wind pipe L1. The blower 4 is connected to a main air duct L1. Each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a main air duct L1 through an independent air duct branch pipe L2. And an air quantity regulating valve 5 is arranged at the position of the secondary air nozzle 3 or on the air pipe branch pipe L2.
The reduction rotary kiln 1 further includes a kiln head fuel delivery pipe L3. The kiln head fuel delivery pipe L3 is connected with the burner 103. The reduction rotary kiln 1 further includes a kiln tail fuel delivery line L4. The end of the kiln tail fuel delivery line L4 extends into the kiln tail 102. The kiln head fuel conveying pipeline L3 is provided with a first fuel flow adjusting device 6. And a second fuel flow adjusting device 7 is arranged on the kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline L4.
Example 4
Example 3 was repeated except that the reduction rotary kiln 1 further included a kiln head air-conveying duct L5. The kiln head air delivery pipe L5 is connected with the burner 103. And a kiln head air quantity regulating valve 8 is arranged on the kiln head air conveying pipeline L5.
Example 5
Example 4 was repeated except that the reduction rotary kiln 1 further included a reburning chamber 9. The reburning chamber 9 is arranged at the tail part of the reduction rotary kiln 1, and the reburning chamber 9 is connected with the kiln tail 102.
Example 6
Example 5 was repeated except that the length L of the reduction rotary kiln 1 was 80m, and the shaft of the reduction rotary kiln 1 was divided into 16 sections each having a length of 5 m.
Example 7
A method for controlling the temperature of a reduction rotary kiln by optimizing and adjusting the fuel quantity and the air quantity is characterized in that an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 is arranged on the reduction rotary kiln 1, the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln 1 is divided into n sections, each section of the kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle 3, and each secondary air nozzle 3 is connected with a fan 4. The method comprises the following steps:
1) the material to be reduced is loaded into the reduction rotary kiln 1, reducing fuel is added at the positions of the kiln head 101 and the kiln tail 102 of the reduction rotary kiln 1, and secondary air is sprayed from a secondary air nozzle 3 on each section of the kiln body.
2) A burner 103 is arranged at the position of a kiln head 101 of the reduction rotary kiln 1, and the material to be reduced is combusted and reduced by the reducing fuel in the reduction rotary kiln 1 to obtain the reduced material.
3) The ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 detects the atmosphere temperature of each section of kiln body position of the reduction rotary kiln 1 and records the atmosphere temperature Ti corresponding to the section i of kiln body position, wherein i is 1,2, … …, n.
4) According to the target reduction temperature T of the material to be reduced0Comparison of target reduction temperature T0And the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body:
if the position of the kiln body of the section isThe atmosphere temperature is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (3), the current process conditions of the section are kept unchanged, and the operation is continued.
If the atmosphere temperature at the position of the section of the kiln body exceeds (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (3), then step 5) is performed.
5) And adjusting the frequency of a fan 4 connected with the secondary air nozzle 3 or adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve 5 on an air pipe branch pipe L2 connected with the secondary air nozzle 3 at the ith section of the kiln body, and adjusting the air quantity at the secondary air nozzle 3 at the ith section of the kiln body. The ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the section of the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln 1 again and compares the target reduction temperature T0And the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body:
if the secondary air inlet amount at the section of the kiln body is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti at the section of the kiln body is (1 +/-10%) T0In the range of (2), the section keeps the current secondary air intake unchanged, and the temperature adjustment is finished.
If the secondary air inlet amount at the section of the kiln body is adjusted, the real-time atmosphere temperature Ti at the section of the kiln body exceeds (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (3), then step 6) is performed.
6) The input amount of the fuel at the kiln head position is adjusted through a first fuel flow adjusting device 6, or the input amount of the fuel at the kiln tail position is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device 7; making the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the section i kiln body be (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
Example 8
The embodiment 7 is repeated, except that the step 6) is that the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 detects that the difference △ E between the atmosphere temperature and the target reduction temperature exceeds the range of +/-10 ℃ after adjusting the air intake of the secondary air, and the | Delta E | is not reduced or is increased, and judges that the position of the kiln body of the section is positioned in the whole reduction rotary kiln 1:
6a) if the kiln body of the section is positioned in the section of the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the kiln body of the whole reduction rotary kiln 1, the input amount of the fuel at the position of the kiln head is adjusted through the first fuel flow adjusting device 6, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the kiln body of the section is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
6b) If the section of the kiln body is positioned in the section 2/3 or 1/2 at the rear section of the kiln body of the whole reduction rotary kiln 1, the input amount of fuel at the position of the kiln tail is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device 7, so that the atmosphere temperature Ti at the position of the kiln body of the section is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (1).
Example 9
Example 8 was repeated except that wind was blown into the head 101 of the reduction rotary kiln 1. The step 6a) is specifically as follows:
6a1) the kiln body of the section is positioned in the section of the front section 1/3 or 1/2 of the kiln body of the whole reduction rotary kiln 1, and the air quantity of the kiln head input air is firstly adjusted (or the power or the frequency of a kiln head fan is adjusted) through a kiln head air quantity adjusting valve 8;
6a2) the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer 2 detects the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body position again and compares the target reduction temperature T0And the difference value is △ E is obtained by the adjusted atmosphere temperature Ti of the position of the kiln body of the i-th section.
Analysis and comparison were performed:
6a201) If the difference △ E between the atmospheric temperature of the kiln body position and the target reduction temperature is within the range of +/-10 ℃ after the wind pressure of the wind sprayed at the kiln head position is adjusted, the wind pressure of the wind sprayed at the current kiln head position is kept at the section, and the temperature adjustment is finished.
6a202) If the difference value | delta E | between the atmosphere temperature of the kiln body position of the section and the target reduction temperature is gradually reduced after the wind pressure of the wind sprayed at the kiln head position is adjusted, the section keeps the current adjusted wind pressure of the wind sprayed at the kiln head position.
And if the absolute value | Delta E | of the difference value between the atmosphere temperature of the kiln body position of the section and the target reduction temperature is not reduced after the wind pressure of the injected wind at the kiln head position is adjusted, and △ E is within the range of +/-10 ℃, keeping the current secondary air intake of the section unchanged, and finishing the temperature adjustment.
And if the difference △ E between the atmospheric temperature of the kiln body position and the target reduction temperature exceeds the range of +/-10 ℃ after the wind pressure of the injected wind at the kiln head position is adjusted, and the absolute value | Delta E | of the difference is not reduced or is increased, the step 6a3) is carried out.
6a3) The input amount of the fuel at the kiln head position is adjusted through the first fuel flow adjusting device 6, and the ultrasonic temperature measuring and ranging analyzer 2 detects the atmosphere temperature Ti at the kiln body position of the section again:
if the amount of the reducing fuel added from the kiln head 101 is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the kiln body position at the section is (1 +/-10%) T0Within the range of (2), the amount of the reducing fuel currently fed from the kiln head 101 is kept constant, and the temperature adjustment is completed.
If the amount of the reducing fuel added from the kiln head 101 is adjusted, the atmosphere temperature Ti of the section of the kiln body still exceeds (1 +/-10 percent) T0Scope of (1), halt check.
Claims (17)
1. A temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln is characterized in that one end of the reduction rotary kiln (1) is a kiln head (101), and the other end of the reduction rotary kiln is a kiln tail (102); a burner (103) is arranged at the position of the kiln head (101); the method is characterized in that: the reduction rotary kiln (1) is characterized in that an ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer (2) is arranged on the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln (1), the kiln body of the reduction rotary kiln (1) is divided into n sections, each section of the kiln body is provided with a secondary air nozzle (3), and each secondary air nozzle (3) is connected with a fan (4).
2. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a total air pipe (L1); the fan (4) is connected with a main air pipe (L1), and each secondary air nozzle (3) is connected with the main air pipe (L1) through an independent air pipe branch pipe (L2); and an air volume adjusting valve (5) is arranged at the position of the secondary air nozzle (3) or on the air pipe branch pipe (L2).
3. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a kiln head fuel conveying pipeline (L3), wherein the kiln head fuel conveying pipeline (L3) is connected with the burner (103); and/or
The reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline (L4), and the tail end of the kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline (L4) extends into the kiln tail (102).
4. A temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 3, wherein: a first fuel flow adjusting device (6) is arranged on the kiln head fuel conveying pipeline (L3); and/or
And a second fuel flow adjusting device (7) is arranged on the kiln tail fuel conveying pipeline (L4).
5. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4, wherein: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5), and the kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5) is connected with the burner (103).
6. A temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 3, wherein: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5), and the kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5) is connected with the burner (103).
7. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 5, characterized in that: a kiln head air volume regulating valve (8) is arranged on the kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5).
8. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that: a kiln head air volume regulating valve (8) is arranged on the kiln head air conveying pipeline (L5).
9. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 4 and 6 to 8, wherein: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a reburning chamber (9), the reburning chamber (9) is arranged at the tail part of the reduction rotary kiln (1), and the reburning chamber (9) is connected with the kiln tail (102).
10. A temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 3, wherein: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a reburning chamber (9), the reburning chamber (9) is arranged at the tail part of the reduction rotary kiln (1), and the reburning chamber (9) is connected with the kiln tail (102).
11. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 5, characterized in that: the reduction rotary kiln (1) also comprises a reburning chamber (9), the reburning chamber (9) is arranged at the tail part of the reduction rotary kiln (1), and the reburning chamber (9) is connected with the kiln tail (102).
12. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 4, 6 to 8, and 10 to 11, wherein:
wherein: l is the length of the reduction rotary kiln (1), a is the length of each section of the kiln body, and n is an integer value.
13. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 12, characterized in that: a is 0.5-10 m; and/or L is 20-300 m.
14. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 12, characterized in that: a is 0.8-8 m; and/or L is 30-180 m.
15. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 12, characterized in that: a is 1-5 m; and/or L is 40-160 m.
16. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 4, 6 to 8, 10 to 11, and 13 to 15, wherein: the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer (2) is arranged at the kiln head, the kiln body or the kiln tail of the reduction rotary kiln (1).
17. The temperature-controllable reduction rotary kiln according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the ultrasonic temperature and distance measuring analyzer (2) detects the atmosphere temperature of each section of kiln body position of the reduction rotary kiln (1), and records the atmosphere temperature Ti corresponding to the ith section of kiln body position, wherein i is 1,2, … … and n;
adjusting the air quantity at the secondary air nozzle (3) on the position of the section i kiln body by adjusting the frequency of a fan (4) connected with the secondary air nozzle (3) or adjusting an air quantity adjusting valve (5) on an air pipe branch pipe (L2) connected with the secondary air nozzle (3) on the position of the section i kiln body;
the input amount of the fuel at the position of the kiln head is adjusted through a first fuel flow adjusting device (6);
the input amount of the fuel at the kiln tail position is adjusted through a second fuel flow adjusting device (7);
the air quantity of the input air of the kiln head is adjusted through an air quantity adjusting valve (8) of the kiln head air.
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| CN111895778A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-06 | 湖南博一环保科技有限公司 | Method and device for reducing ring formation in pyrogenic process treatment of zinc-containing dust and sludge |
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| CN111895778A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-06 | 湖南博一环保科技有限公司 | Method and device for reducing ring formation in pyrogenic process treatment of zinc-containing dust and sludge |
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