CN1038430C - Blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment - Google Patents
Blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1038430C CN1038430C CN 95117477 CN95117477A CN1038430C CN 1038430 C CN1038430 C CN 1038430C CN 95117477 CN95117477 CN 95117477 CN 95117477 A CN95117477 A CN 95117477A CN 1038430 C CN1038430 C CN 1038430C
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- coal
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- tuyere small
- cyclone
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for blowing coal powder for a blast furnace ironmaking process. The device is characterized in that the front end of a blast furnace belly pipe is provided with a partial hot blast cyclone, an air channel of a small tuyere sleeve is used as a cyclone combustion chamber, and cyclone combustion of the coal powder is carried out in the air channel of the small tuyere sleeve. The device is composed of the partial hot blast cyclone, the small tuyere sleeve and a coal gun, wherein the inner wall surface of the air channel of the small tuyere sleeve is coated with a layer of zirconium oxide; compared with the general blast furnace coal gun, the position of the coal gun backwards moves 18 to 20kg. The milling granularity of the coal powder blown by the blast furnace can be properly enlarged by the method of the present invention. The method has the advantages of milling energy consumption saving, milling rate increase and heat loss reduction of the small tuyere sleeve. The method of the present invention not only can increase the coal blowing quantity of the blast furnace, but also can increase the combustion rate of the coal powder; coke can be replaced by the coal powder as much as possible, and the coke and the energy are saved. The service life of the partial hot blast cyclone and the small tuyere sleeve can exceed six months.
Description
A method and an equipment thereof that relates to the blast furnace ironmaking coal injection, particularly improve blast furnace injection rate of pulverized coal combustion, reduce the air port thermosteresis, under the identical preceding topic of other operational conditions of blast furnace, both can improve the pulverized coal injection amount, can improve coal combustion rate again, more replace and conserve expensive metallurgical coke and method for saving energy and equipment with coal dust.
Pulverized coal injection in blast furnace is a rising technology, and its construction cost is cheap about 83% than coke oven, has more than ten country to adopt this technology of pulverized coal injection at present approximately.The purpose of pulverized coal injection in blast furnace is to substitute coke with coal dust to reduce cost, so coal-to-coke replacement is one of determinative of determining the maximum winding-up amount of blast furnace.And the main factor that influences coal-to-coke replacement is a blast furnace injection rate of pulverized coal combustion.Spray into coal dust oxidation zone internal combustion in stove of blast furnace.In a single day unburnt coal dust enters the cupola well reduction zone, and coal dust firing will stop, unburnt coal dust or enter slag or with outside the blast furnace gas effusion stove.The big more coal-to-coke replacement of the unburnt degree of coal dust is low more.Too much unburnt coal dust enters slag not only makes the coal-to-coke replacement reduction also can influence slag fluidity and cause that the working of a furnace is difficult to walk.Because the working condition difference of different blast furnaces, each blast furnace blowing amount is very inequality.Domestic winding-up amount is generally 30-70 kilogram/ton iron, and higher reaches about 100 kilograms of/ton iron, and excess oxygen can reach 150-170 kilogram/ton iron.Blast furnace injection rate of pulverized coal combustion is relevant with following factor: 1, coefficient of excess air; 2, oxygen enrichment percentage; 3, coal dust kind; 4, temperature of combustion; 5, coal powder size; 6, coal dust residence time in oxidizing atmosphere; 7, coal dust in hot blast degree of scatter and during oxygen coal injection and the inside and outside mixed degree of oxygen; 8, the coal dust and the speed of relative movement of air-flow on every side.In above factors: about factor 1, reduce, improve coefficient of excess air accelerate combustion and disagree with the purpose that improves injecting coal quantity because of coefficient of excess air increases with injecting coal quantity.About factor 2,3, oxygen enrichment percentage is determined by the coal source that by the coal dust kind that the made blast furnace approximately simultaneously of steel mill's oxygen supply condition uses these two factors can not be adjusted arbitrarily.About factor 4, the blast-furnace hot-air temperature is about 1000-1250 ℃ at present, and it is very difficult to improve temperature of combustion by the raising wind-warm syndrome.About factor 5, the coal powder size of blast furnace blowing is about 200 orders at present, best coal powder size will determine that further reducing coal powder size will be reduced to cost with increase of powder process power consumption and powder process productive rate from burning quality and powder process cost analysis-by-synthesis, and it is very little therefore to reduce the coal powder size possibility again.About factor 6, in order to prevent the belly pipe slagging scorification or to prevent that coal dust from wearing and tearing the air port, do not take new technical measures coal rifle position to move after can not be further.A patent (application number 90212210.X) of Southeast China University is put into the place that is connected with the belly pipe flange near eave tile with coal rifle outlet, and as the combustion chamber, blast furnace facts have proved with the belly pipe inner chamber: belly pipe is interior with slagging scorification and influence air intake.Some patents (application number 91224336.8, application number 93223772, application number 93228666, application number 94201862) all relate to factor 8 be coal dust in hot blast degree of scatter and during oxygen coal injection and the technology of the inside and outside mixed degree of oxygen, these technology all can improve coal combustion rate.But because the burning behind the coal powder ignition is a diffusion combustion, the oxygen concn product that mass transfer coefficient in combustionvelocity and the coal grain burning frictional belt and coal grain burn in the external space medium of frictional belt is directly proportional.Mass transfer coefficient in the coal grain burning frictional belt is not only relevant with molecular diffusivity (D) also relevant with Nusselt number (Nu).Nusselt number then is the function of coal dust with respect to current-carrying motion Reynolds number (Re), thereby is decided by the motion proterties of combustion system and coal grain.Because coal powder size very little (less than accounting for more than 80% of 200 meshes), gas velocity is identical soon with on every side for the pulverized coal particle speed that is sprayed by oxygen coal gun.Above-mentioned patent only considers to improve the oxygen concn in the external space medium of coal grain burning frictional belt, ignored and improved coal dust and improve coal dust firing speed, so coal dust firing speed is still lower with the motion proterties that this factor of speed of relative movement of air-flow on every side promptly changes combustion system and coal grain.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly: 1, under the less prerequisite that has than big reaction area of coal particle size, before coal dust enters cupola well, make coal dust and the increase of the speed of relative movement between the air-flow on every side and improve the process of coal combustion temperature.Meanwhile, coal dust is fully mixed with hot blast, enlarge the combustion space of coal dust in oxidizing atmosphere and raising coal dust residence time in the oxidizing atmosphere in stove, coal dust firing is carried out fast.2, reduce the thermosteresis of tuyere small sleeve, improve the coal dust firing temperature.3, under the prerequisite that can not reduce coal-to-coke replacement, suitably increase coal dust powder process granularity, save the powder process energy consumption, improve the powder process rate.Under the identical preceding topic of other operational conditions of blast furnace, both reached and can improve the pulverized coal injection amount, can improve coal combustion rate again, more replace and conserve expensive metallurgical coke and purpose of energy saving with coal dust.
The present invention is according to contriver's research: coal dust can improve the speed of relative movement of coal grain and surrounding gas greatly in the cyclone furnace internal combustion, improves the process of coal combustion temperature, therefore can increase substantially the combustionvelocity of coal dust.Under the blast-furnace hot-air condition, big coal injection amount coal dust firing can make the coal powder fraction liquid stateization.In view of the above, the present invention proposes blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment.The present invention is provided with the part hot-blast swirler at blast furnace belly pipe front end, with the tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct as cyclone combustion chamber.It makes the part hot blast form the eddy flow district near tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface.The coal grain less than 10 microns of coal rifle ejection carries out space combustion by the part hot-blast swirler, will enter this eddy flow district with swirling eddy greater than 10 microns pulverized coal particles, forms pulverized coal whirl burning, makes the coal powder fraction liquid stateization.And after coal powder fraction liquefaction; because the cooling effect of tuyere small sleeve; to form the slag film at tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface; this not only protects tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface not directly washed away by coal dust; and reduced the thermosteresis of tuyere small sleeve; can increase substantially the coal dust firing temperature, also just form coal dust cyclone firing slag tap simultaneously, the liquid stateization product will enter cupola well by the air port.Because in coal dust cyclone firing process, the coal grain below 10 microns carries out space combustion, the coal grain more than 10 microns carries out cyclone firing, has so just improved the combustion space of coal dust in oxidizing atmosphere widely, and has made coal dust and hot blast thorough mixing.Because big coal grain carries out wall-burning after tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall film, this makes and suitably improves coal dust powder process granularity, saves the powder process energy consumption, improves the powder process rate and becomes possibility.In the hot environment of slag film, unburnt film coal grain has after-flame on face of sufficiently long residence time.Under the prerequisite that above-mentioned swirl flow combustion takes place, should will move certain distance behind the common used coal rifle of the blast furnace position.Above-mentioned two variations have improved coal dust residence time in the oxidizing atmosphere in stove.The present invention uses plasma spraying technology at tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall spraying one deck Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant material (as zirconium white), it can be when tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall form the slag film, guarantee that tuyere cooler ventilation duct wall avoids directly washing away of coal powder cyclone motion and wear and tear, the while no matter coal powder injection whether it can both reduce the thermosteresis of tuyere small sleeve wall.Therefore adopt the present invention under the identical preceding topic of other operational conditions of blast furnace, both can improve the pulverized coal injection amount, can improve coal combustion rate again, more replace and conserve expensive metallurgical coke and energy-conservation with coal dust.The life-span of part hot-blast swirler and tuyere small sleeve can be above six months.
With reference to accompanying drawing: the front end at blast furnace belly pipe (1) is provided with part hot-blast swirler (2).This part hot-blast swirler is made by high temperature ceramic material, and its centre portions is a garden column type ventilation duct.Its outer ring channel is provided with swirl vane.The part hot blast enters the tuyere small sleeve (3) that scribbles zirconia coating (5) by centre channel and does the jet motion, and the part hot blast enters tuyere small sleeve (3) by swirl vane and does swirling motion.The position of coal rifle (4) is moved 18 centimeters-20 centimeters behind the existing blast furnace coal rifle position.Coal dust enters in the belly pipe by coal rifle (4), does the coaxial jet diffusion motion, and the central ventilation road by the part hot-blast swirler enters tuyere small sleeve (3) again.Enter the coal dust of tuyere small sleeve, carry out space combustion below 10 microns, carry out swirl flow combustion more than 10 microns, big coal grain carries out wall-burning after tuyere small sleeve (3) ventilation duct wall film.Suitably improve coal dust powder process granularity simultaneously, save the powder process energy consumption, improve the powder process rate.When zirconia coating (5) did not form the slag film at tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall, protection tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall was avoided directly washing away of coal powder cyclone motion and wear and tear, the while no matter coal powder injection whether it can both reduce the thermosteresis of tuyere small sleeve wall.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning is characterized in that with the tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct as cyclone combustion chamber, coal dust is not only done space combustion but also do cyclone firing, and tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface is exercised the effect of cyclone combustion chamber wall.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the said tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct is meant at blast furnace belly pipe front end as cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the part hot-blast swirler, the part hot blast forms the eddy flow district by its swirl vane near tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said coal dust had not only been done space combustion but also done cyclone firing is meant after coal dust sprays into hot blast by the coal rifle and does the jet diffusion motion, carry out space combustion, then enter tuyere small sleeve by part hot-blast swirler centre channel, coal grain less than 10 microns carries out space combustion, does cyclone firing greater than 10 microns coal grain with swirling eddy.
4, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the effect of said tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface enforcement cyclone combustion chamber wall, be meant that the coal grain greater than 10 microns carries out cyclone firing with swirling eddy, coal powder fraction liquid stateization during pulverized coal whirl burning, liquid ash content is thrown to tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface, form the liquid slag film on tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface, big coal grain carries out wall-burning after tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct wall film.
5, a kind of equipment of blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning is characterized in that this equipment is made up of part hot-blast swirler, tuyere small sleeve, coal rifle.
6, equipment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that said part hot-blast swirler is to be made by heat resisting ceramic materials, length 8-12 centimetre, centre portions is a garden column type ventilation duct, its outer ring channel is provided with swirl vane, outer garden diameter and belly pipe diameter adapt, and are installed in the belly pipe front end.
7, equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that said tuyere small sleeve is at the used tuyere small sleeve ventilation duct inner-wall surface spraying one deck zirconium white of general blast furnace, coating 0.5mm.
8, equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that moving the 12-20 centimetre behind the more former blast furnace coal rifle of its installation site of said coal rifle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95117477 CN1038430C (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1995-11-21 | Blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95117477 CN1038430C (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1995-11-21 | Blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1125771A CN1125771A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
| CN1038430C true CN1038430C (en) | 1998-05-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95117477 Expired - Fee Related CN1038430C (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1995-11-21 | Blast furnace coal powder jet quick-burning method and equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1038430C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102037304B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2013-03-20 | 保尔伍斯股份有限公司 | Method for feeding pulverised coal into a blast furnace |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100552046C (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2009-10-21 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The method for operating blast furnace of blast furnace reductive agent device for blowing and this device of use |
| CN101864503A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-10-20 | 新兴河北工程技术有限公司 | Water-cooled straight blast pipe |
| CN102268496B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-01-02 | 张昭贵 | Method and device for intensifying combustion of injected pulverized coal in tuyere of blast furnace |
| JP6012358B2 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-10-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Blow pipe structure |
| CN104878145A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-02 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Blast furnace tuyere with blades |
| CN109055635A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2018-12-21 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Injection method for improving pulverized coal combustion efficiency |
-
1995
- 1995-11-21 CN CN 95117477 patent/CN1038430C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102037304B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2013-03-20 | 保尔伍斯股份有限公司 | Method for feeding pulverised coal into a blast furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1125771A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
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