CN210480994U - Biological retention system for purifying river water beside river channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a bioretention system beside a river channel for purifying river water, which includes a bioretention pond and a water circulation device disposed on a bank of the river channel; the biological detention tank comprises a waterproof tank body and a filler module arranged in the tank body, wherein the filler module comprises a water storage layer, a filter layer, a planting layer, a nitrification water purification layer, a sand isolation layer, a denitrification water purification layer and a drainage layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the water circulation device comprises a drain pipe, a water level limiting pipe, a water pumping pipe and a water pump. The biological retention system can strengthen the flow of water in the river channel, is favorable for promoting the purification and restoration of the water in the river channel, and has good effect of purifying river channel sewage.

Description

Biological retention system for purifying river water beside river channel

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to a biological retention system beside a river channel for purifying river water.

Background

The water pollution of the modern society is extremely severe, and more than 62 percent of pollutants discharged to a water channel by industrial and municipal facilities in China exceed the allowable discharge amount, so that the serious water pollution is caused. The construction of the ecological bank protection, the utilization of the ecological bank protection to enhance the self-purification capability of the water body, the promotion of the purification of the water body and the improvement of the water quality is one of the approaches to the improvement of the water environment of the river. However, the ecological bank protection is mainly used for purifying the water body through the adsorption effect of plants, and the water body is in a relatively static state, so that the purification capacity of the water body is very limited.

The bioretention technology is a technology for storing, permeating and purifying runoff rainwater through plants, soil and microorganism systems in a lower region of the terrain. The bioretention facilities can be divided into bioretention belts, rain water gardens, roof greenbelts, ecological tree ponds and the like according to different application scenes. The bioretention facility is one of the main technical measures for urban rainwater management, is widely adopted in sponge city construction, and can effectively remove suspended solids, organic matters, heavy metals and the like. At present, no technology is disclosed to apply the bioretention technology to the field of river sewage treatment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve the poor problem of current river course water pollution treatment effect, provide a biological detention system that is used for purifying river water beside the river course.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides a bioretention system beside a river channel for purifying river water, the system comprising a bioretention pond and a water circulation device which are disposed on the bank of the river channel;

the biological detention tank comprises a waterproof tank body and a filler module arranged in the tank body, wherein the filler module comprises a water storage layer, a filter layer, a planting layer, a nitrification water purification layer, a sand isolation layer, a denitrification water purification layer and a drainage layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the water circulation device comprises a drain pipe, a water level limiting pipe, a water pumping pipe and a water pump; one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the drainage layer, the other end of the drain pipe is communicated with the river channel so as to drain water in the drainage layer into the river channel, and a valve is arranged on the drain pipe; one end of the water level limiting pipe is communicated with the drainage layer, and the other end of the water level limiting pipe is arranged above the water surface of the river at intervals and is 1-10cm higher than the sand isolation layer 15; one end of the water pumping pipe is communicated with the water body of the river channel, and the other end of the water pumping pipe is communicated with the water storage layer; the water pump set up in order to draw water from the river course to the reservoir bed through the drinking-water pipe on the drinking-water pipe.

Optionally, the drain pipe extends into the drainage layer along the horizontal direction, and a drain hole is formed in the outer wall of the drain pipe in the drainage layer.

Optionally, one end of the water level limiting pipe is communicated with the drainage layer through the drainage pipe, and the valve is arranged in the river channel.

Optionally, the height ratio of the water storage layer, the filter layer, the planting layer, the nitrification water purification layer, the sand isolation layer, the denitrification water purification layer and the drainage layer is 1: (0.3-0.5): (5-10): (4-10): (0.01-0.05): (3-10): (0.5-1).

Optionally, the filter layer is filled with filter filler, the filter filler being bark;

the planting layer is filled with planting layer filler, the planting layer filler comprises mixed soil and river sediment, and the volume ratio of the river sediment to the soil is 1: (2-10), wherein the water content of the river sediment is 10-70 wt%;

the nitrification water purification layer is filled with nitrification water purification filler, the nitrification water purification filler comprises mixed sandy loam and river sand, and the volume ratio of the sandy loam to the river sand is 1: (2-6);

the drainage layer is filled with drainage filler, the drainage filler comprises broken stones, and the diameters of the broken stones are 1-5 cm.

Optionally, the sand isolation layer is a water permeable fabric.

Optionally, the denitrification water purification layer is filled with denitrification water purification filler.

Optionally, the denitrification water purification filler comprises crushed stone and crushed newspaper which are mixed, the particle size of the crushed stone is 0.5-2cm, and the weight ratio of the crushed newspaper to the crushed stone is 1: (30-100).

Optionally, the system further comprises a plant layer planted in the water storage layer, the filter layer and the planting layer.

Optionally, the system further comprises a vent pipe, wherein one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the atmosphere, and the other end of the vent pipe is communicated with the nitrification water purification layer.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the biological detention system of this disclosure can strengthen the flow of water in the river course, is favorable to promoting the purification and the restoration of water in the river course, has good effect of purifying river course sewage.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a biological retention system for purifying river water beside a river channel provided by the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1 biological detention pool 11 water storage layer 12 filter layer

13 planting layer 14 water purification layer 15 sand isolation layer

16 denitrification water purification layer 17 drainage layer 100 river channel

2 water circulation device 21 drain pipe 22 vent pipe

23 water level limiting pipe 24 water pumping pipe

3 valve 4 water pump

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

As shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a bioretention system beside a river channel for purifying river water, which includes a bioretention pond 1 and a water circulation device 2 provided on the bank of the river channel 100; the bioretention pond 1 comprises a waterproof pond body and a filler module arranged in the pond body, wherein the filler module comprises a water storage layer 11, a filter layer 12, a planting layer 13, a nitrification water purification layer 14, a sand isolation layer 15, a denitrification water purification layer 16 and a drainage layer 17 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the water circulation device 2 comprises a drain pipe 21, a water level limiting pipe 23, a water pumping pipe 24 and a water pump 4; one end of the drain pipe 21 is communicated with the drainage layer 17, and the other end is communicated with the river channel 100 so as to drain the water in the drainage layer 17 into the river channel 100, and the drain pipe 21 is provided with a valve 3; one end of the water level limiting pipe 23 is communicated with the drainage layer 17, and the other end is arranged above the water surface of the river channel 100 at intervals and is 1-10cm higher than the sand isolation layer 15; one end of the water pumping pipe 24 is communicated with the water body of the river channel 100, and the other end is communicated with the water storage layer 11; the water pump 4 is arranged on the water pumping pipe 24 to pump water from the river channel to the water storage layer 11 through the water pumping pipe 24.

The sewage in the river course is sucked into the water storage layer of the biological detention pond by the water suction pipe when the system is used, and flows downwards in the biological detention pond, and is purified and replenished to the river course again through the filter layer, the planting layer, the nitrification water purification layer, the sand isolation layer, the denitrification water purification layer and the drainage layer in sequence. Wherein, the nitrification water purification layer needs to keep sufficient oxygen to provide sufficient oxygen for aerobic nitrifying bacteria, so as to convert the nitride in the sewage into nitrate through nitrification; the denitrification water purification layer needs to strictly control an anoxic environment to provide a suitable living environment for anaerobic denitrifying bacteria, and nitrogen in the nitrate is reduced into nitrogen through denitrification so as to remove nitrogen in the water body and purify the water body. This disclosed system is through setting up water level limit pipe one end and draining layer intercommunication, and the other end is located and is higher than the sand isolation layer for water level limit pipe constitutes the intercommunication tubular construction with biological detention pond, can restrict sewage in denitrification water purification layer and draining layer effectively, and guarantees that nitrification water purification layer is not submerged by water, guarantees that nitrification water purification layer oxygen content is sufficient. The system disclosed by the invention can purify river sewage and restore water, and meanwhile, enhances the water flow in the river, and is favorable for improving the self-purification capacity of river water.

According to the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the drainage pipe 21 may extend into the drainage layer 17 along the horizontal direction, and the outer wall of the drainage pipe 21 located in the drainage layer 17 is provided with a drainage hole, so that water in the water storage layer may enter the drainage pipe from multiple points and flow out again, and the drainage efficiency may be effectively improved. The specific opening position and the number of the drain holes can be set according to actual requirements.

According to the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the water level limiting pipe 23 may be communicated with the drainage layer 17 through the drainage pipe 21, and the valve 3 may be disposed in the river channel 100 to replenish the purified river water back to the original river channel.

According to this disclosure, the height of each layer can set up as required in the waterproof cell body, in order to improve the purification efficiency and the effect of river sewage, reservoir stratum 11, filter layer 12, planting layer 13, nitrification water purification layer 14, sand isolation layer 15, denitrification water purification layer 16 and drainage blanket 17 highly than can be 1: (0.3-0.5): (5-10): (4-10): (0.01-0.05): (3-10): (0.5-1). Within the above proportion range, the retention tank has an optimum sewage treatment effect.

According to this disclosure, filter layer 12 can be filled and filter the filler, filter the filler can be for having the filler of filtering action now, for example can be the bark, can detach heavy metal and bacterium filtration in the river course sewage, and the bark has the effect of protection simultaneously, can prevent rivers to planting the washing away of layer, avoids planting the destruction of layer structure.

According to this disclosure, planting layer 13 can be filled with planting layer filler, and planting layer filler can be arbitrary can grow the filler of plant, for example, planting layer filler can include soil, river sediment or mixed soil and river sediment, and the volume ratio of river sediment and soil in mixed soil and river sediment can be 1: (2-10), the water content of the river sediment can be 10-70 wt%, and the water content of the sediment can be reduced to below 80% by building a temporary compression pool or treating the sediment by using a geotechnical water-permeable bag. By utilizing the river sediment in situ, the treatment pressure of the river sediment can be effectively reduced.

The nitrification water purification layer 14 may be filled with nitrification water purification fillers, well known to those skilled in the art and may include, for example, sandy loam, river sand, or mixed sandy loam and river sand taken from the treated river course, the mixed sandy loam and river sand may have a sand-to-river sand volume ratio of 1: (2-6), so that the nitrification water purification layer has a better pore structure and sufficient oxygenation, and is beneficial to promoting the nitrification.

According to the present disclosure, the drainage layer 17 may be filled with drainage filler having characteristics of large particle size and large gap between the filler, for example, the drainage filler may include crushed stone having a diameter of 1-5cm, the diameter of the crushed stone being within the above diameter range, which is more favorable for smooth passage of water flow to avoid stagnant pool water accumulation.

This disclosed a concrete implementation way, the water purification filler of nitrifying in the sand isolation layer 15 can avoid the nitrification water purification layer is washed to the denitrification water purification layer by rivers, and makes the porosity of denitrification water purification layer reduce and lead to its water storage capacity to reduce, and then causes the poor problem of the treatment effeciency of river sewage, for example for the worker's cloth of permeating water.

The denitrification water purification layer 16 may be filled with denitrification water purification filler well known to those skilled in the art, for example, the denitrification water purification filler may comprise mixed crushed stone and crushed newspaper, the particle size of the crushed stone is 0.5-2cm, and the weight ratio of the crushed newspaper to the crushed stone may be 1: (30-100). The broken stones in the particle size range are mutually stacked, so that the denitrification water purification layer has a better pore structure, the smooth passing of sewage is facilitated, and the better purification treatment effect on the river sewage can be ensured. The crushed newspaper in the weight ratio range can be used as a slow-release carbon source to provide sufficient carbon element for the growth of microorganisms so as to strengthen the denitrification.

In accordance with the present disclosure, the system may further include a plant layer planted in the water storage layer 11, the filter layer 12, and the planting layer 13, as shown in fig. 1. The plant in the plant layer can be selected from plants resistant to water logging, such as arundo donax, calamus, canna, allium fistulosum, and other plants are not described in detail herein. The mode that the plant in the plant planting layer can adopt the top layer to plant makes the river course bed mud in the planting layer turn into high-quality planting soil gradually through regularly reaping simultaneously, has further reduced the bed mud and has handled degree of difficulty and cost.

In order to provide sufficient oxygen in the nitrification purified water layer, the system may further include a vent pipe 22, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the vent pipe 22 may be connected to the atmosphere, and the other end may be connected to the nitrification purified water layer 14. Air can diffuse into the nitrification water purification layer from one end communicated with the atmosphere, so that a good oxygenation environment is provided for aerobic nitrifying bacteria, and the purification of river sewage is promoted. The vent tube may be of any form, such as a PVC plastic tube with an opening, and other forms of vent tubes will not be described herein.

The present disclosure is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not to be construed as being limited thereby.

Examples

Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a bioretention system of this embodiment which includes a bioretention pond 1 and a water circulation device 2 disposed on the bank of a river 100.

Biological detention pond 1 includes waterproof cell body and sets up the filler module in the cell body, and the filler module includes from last reservoir stratum 11, filter layer 12, planting layer 13, nitrification water purification layer 14, sand isolation layer 15, denitrification water purification layer 16 and the drainage blanket 17 that sets gradually down, still plants calamus and canna in biological detention pond 1.

The water circulation device 2 includes a drain pipe 21, a water level limiting pipe 23, a pumping pipe 24, a vent pipe 22, and a water pump 4. The drain pipe 21 extends into the drainage layer 17 along the horizontal direction, and the outer wall of the drain pipe 21 in the drainage layer 17 is provided with a drain hole. One end of the water level limiting pipe 23 is communicated with the drainage layer 17 through the drainage pipe 21, the other end of the water level limiting pipe is arranged above the water surface of the river channel 100 at intervals and is higher than the sand isolation layer 15 by 5cm, and the valve 3 is arranged in the river channel 100. One end of the water pumping pipe 24 is communicated with the water body of the river channel 100, and the other end is communicated with the water storage layer 11; the water pump 4 is arranged on the water pumping pipe 24 to pump water from the river channel to the water storage layer 11 through the water pumping pipe 24; one end of the vent pipe 22 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the other end is communicated with the nitrification water purification layer 14.

Wherein, the height of the water storage layer 11 is 10 cm; the height of filter layer 12 is 4cm, and the filler in the planting layer is mixed soil and river course bed mud, and the volume ratio of river course bed mud and soil is 1: 1, the water content of the river sediment is 60%; the height of the planting layer 13 is 7 cm; the height of the nitrification water purification layer 14 is 45cm, the filler in the nitrification water purification layer is mixed sandy loam and river sand, and the volume ratio of the sandy loam to the river sand is 1: 4; the sand isolating layer 15 is a geotextile with the thickness of 0.2 cm; the height of the denitrification water purification layer 16 is 40cm, the filler in the denitrification water purification layer is mixed crushed stone and crushed newspaper, the particle size of the crushed stone is 0.5cm, and the weight ratio of the crushed newspaper to the crushed stone is 1: 85 parts by weight; the height of the drainage layer 17 is 40 cm.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A biological retention system beside a river channel for purifying river water is characterized by comprising a biological retention tank (1) and a water circulating device (2) which are arranged on the bank of the river channel (100);

the biological retention tank (1) comprises a waterproof tank body and a filler module arranged in the tank body, wherein the filler module comprises a water storage layer (11), a filter layer (12), a planting layer (13), a nitrification water purification layer (14), a sand isolation layer (15), a denitrification water purification layer (16) and a drainage layer (17) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the water circulating device (2) comprises a drain pipe (21), a water level limiting pipe (23), a water pumping pipe (24) and a water pump (4); one end of the drain pipe (21) is communicated with the drainage layer (17), the other end of the drain pipe is communicated with the river channel (100) so as to drain water in the drainage layer (17) into the river channel (100), and a valve (3) is arranged on the drain pipe (21); one end of the water level limiting pipe (23) is communicated with the drainage layer (17), and the other end of the water level limiting pipe is arranged above the water surface of the river channel (100) at intervals and is 1-10cm higher than the sand isolation layer (15); one end of the water pumping pipe (24) is communicated with the water body of the river channel (100), and the other end of the water pumping pipe is communicated with the water storage layer (11); the water pump (4) is arranged on the water pumping pipe (24) to pump water from the river channel to the water storage layer (11) through the water pumping pipe (24).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drain pipe (21) extends horizontally into the drainage layer (17), and the outer wall of the drain pipe (21) in the drainage layer (17) is provided with a drain hole.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the water level limiting pipe (23) communicates with the drainage layer (17) through the drainage pipe (21), and the valve (3) is arranged in the waterway (100).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the height ratio of the water storage layer (11), the filter layer (12), the planting layer (13), the nitrification water purification layer (14), the sand isolation layer (15), the denitrification water purification layer (16) and the drainage layer (17) is 1: (0.3-0.5): (5-10): (4-10): (0.01-0.05): (3-10): (0.5-1).

5. System according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the filter layer (12) is filled with filter filler, which is bark;

the planting layer (13) is filled with planting layer filler, the planting layer filler comprises mixed soil and river sediment, and the volume ratio of the river sediment to the soil is 1: (2-10), wherein the water content of the river sediment is 10-70 wt%;

the nitrification water purification layer (14) is filled with nitrification water purification filler, the nitrification water purification filler comprises mixed sandy loam and river sand, and the volume ratio of the sandy loam to the river sand is 1: (2-6);

the drainage layer (17) is filled with drainage filler, the drainage filler comprises crushed stones, and the diameters of the crushed stones are 1-5 cm.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand barrier (15) is a water permeable cloth.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the denitrification water purification layer (16) is filled with a denitrification water purification packing.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the denitrification water purification packing comprises crushed stone and crushed newspaper mixed, the crushed stone has a particle size of 0.5-2cm, and the weight ratio of the crushed newspaper to the crushed stone is 1: (30-100).

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system further comprises a plant layer planted in the water storage layer (11), the filter layer (12) and the planting layer (13).

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a vent pipe (22), one end of the vent pipe (22) being open to atmosphere and the other end being open to the nitrification water purification layer (14).

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