CN210419793U

CN210419793U - Fertilizer compost fermenting installation

Info

Publication number: CN210419793U
Application number: CN201920584192.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖为; 胡不为
Original assignee: Hunan Jinjia Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd; Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Jinjia Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd; Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a fertilizer compost fermenting installation, fermenting installation includes air pump, air flow meter, fermentation bottle and heating device, the air pump air flow meter with the fermentation bottle connects gradually through glass pipe and rubber tube, device simple structure, it is with low costs, effectively solved the big and big problem of area of windrow volume, manpower and materials that significantly reduce can control the temperature and the air volume of fermentation process at any time through heating device and air pump moreover, adopt the water bath with thermostatic control device, the uniformity of temperature when having guaranteed to carry out the multiunit experiment has eliminated the mutual influence that the temperature brought, has effectively improved measurement accuracy. The utility model discloses can place a plurality of headspace bottles simultaneously, be favorable to carrying out the multiunit experiment simultaneously, save the time of experiment.

Description

Fertilizer compost fermenting installation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fermentation technical field specifically is a fertilizer compost fermenting installation.

Background

With the high requirements of the public on the quality of life and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, the social requirements of performing green harmless treatment on food waste, livestock and poultry manure, domestic waste and the like in a centralized manner and further converting the food waste, the livestock and poultry manure, the domestic waste and the like into available bio-organic fertilizers are increasing, and the trend of green environmental protection is pressing day by day. At present, most of known composting fermentation methods are static composting in a stack or dynamic fermentation in a composting reactor, for example, patent document CN108329066A discloses an automatic premixing composting fermentation method and device. All are processes of mineralizing, humifying and harmlessly treating organic substances into decomposed products by high-temperature fermentation under the action of microorganisms. However, these methods of compost fermentation have high requirements for the amount of compost raw materials, and only a large amount of compost can keep the heat generated by the metabolic activity of microorganisms from dissipating, so that the compost can be continuously fermented at high temperature. The experimental composting fermentation experiment aiming at scientific research causes great difficulty, needs a large amount of composting raw materials and a large area of composting field, and brings great trouble to the scientific research experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problem of the compost length in the current compost fermentation method big, compost cycle length, the utility model provides a fertilizer compost fermenting installation, its fertilizer compost fermentation experiment of being applied to in the scientific research test, the device has not only solved the compost volume big, the cycle length, the difficult scheduling problem of intensification, can control the temperature and the air volume of fermentation process at any time moreover.

The utility model discloses a concrete technical scheme does:

the utility model provides a fertilizer compost fermenting installation, fermenting installation includes air pump, air flowmeter, fermentation bottle and heating device, the air pump air flowmeter with the fermentation bottle connects gradually through glass pipe and rubber tube, the air pump is used for the experiment to begin the aeration in the fermentation bottle, air flowmeter is used for surveing air ventilation volume and control air volume, the water-bath is used for controlling the windrow temperature.

Further, the device also comprises a gas detection device, and the gas detection device is used for detecting the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the gas port.

Further, the fermentation bottle is a headspace bottle.

Further, the air flow meter is a rotameter.

Further, the device also comprises a thermometer, and the thermometer is used for monitoring the fermentation temperature of the stockpile in real time.

Further, the device also comprises a gas filtering device, and the gas filtering device comprises a gas washing bottle and a drying pipe. The fermentation bottle, the filtering device and the gas detection device are sequentially connected through a glass conduit and a rubber pipe.

Furthermore, distilled water is filled in the gas washing bottle, and dry silica gel particles are filled in the drying tube and used for removing interference gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the compost gas production to prevent a detector in the gas detector from being corroded.

Furthermore, gravels are paved at the top in the fermentation bottle and used for improving an aeration gas path so that aeration is more uniform.

Furthermore, a rubber plug is arranged at the mouth of the fermentation bottle, and one end of the vent pipe penetrates through the rubber plug and is positioned at the bottom of the fermentation bottle and connected with the aeration head; the other end of the air pipe penetrates out of the rubber plug and is connected with one end of the air flow meter, and the other end of the air flow meter is connected with the air pump through a pipeline.

Furthermore, the thermometer penetrates into the rubber stopper, the detection end is positioned in the fermentation bottle, and the display end is positioned above the rubber stopper.

Furthermore, the heating device is a constant-temperature water bath device, preferably a constant-temperature water bath kettle, and has a heat preservation and temperature rise effect.

Particularly, the constant-temperature water bath device is beneficial to uniform heating of the fermentation bottle, and can more conveniently and effectively control the temperature of the stockpile within a set range.

Further, the gas detection device is a gas detector.

Further, the aeration head is arranged in the gravel.

The utility model also provides an organic fertilizer compost fermentation method adopts above-mentioned fermenting installation, including following step:

placing compost raw materials in a fermentation bottle to form a heap, placing distilled water in a gas washing bottle, and placing dry silica gel particles in a drying tube;

the device is assembled, the air tightness of the experimental device and whether the pipeline is smooth are checked, the experimental safety is ensured, and the air pump performs aeration to manufacture a saturated oxygen environment;

controlling the temperature, and setting the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath device so as to control the temperature of the stack.

Fermenting by stages.

Further, the composting process is divided into a heating period, a high-temperature period, a cooler and a medium-temperature period. The duration and the temperature of each stage are set according to actual conditions, for example, the duration of the heating period is 3d, the temperature is maintained at room temperature to 55 ℃, the high temperature period is 4-6 d, the temperature is maintained at 55-60 ℃, the cooling period is 2d, the temperature is maintained at 55 ℃ and is reduced to 45 ℃, the middle temperature period is 3-6 d, and the temperature is maintained at 40-45 ℃.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the device has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied area and low cost, solves the problem of large stacking quantity, does not need a large amount of stacking and composting sites, and greatly reduces manpower and material resources.

2. The utility model discloses can place a plurality of headspace bottles simultaneously, be favorable to carrying out the multiunit experiment simultaneously, save the time of experiment.

3. The constant-temperature water bath device is adopted, the temperature consistency during multi-group experiments is guaranteed, the mutual influence caused by the temperature is eliminated, and the measurement precision is effectively improved.

4. The temperature and the ventilation rate in the fermentation process can be controlled at any time, the fermentation time is controllable, fermentation can be controlled under laboratory conditions, and the fermentation device is suitable for experiments for scientific research purposes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the fermentation apparatus according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the fermentation process of this example.

Wherein: the device comprises an air pump 1, a rotor flow meter 2, a thermometer 3, a headspace bottle 4, an aeration head 5, a gas washing bottle 6, a drying tube 7, a gas detector 8, gravel 9 and a constant-temperature water bath kettle 10.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the organic fertilizer compost fermentation device comprises an air pump 1, a rotor flow meter 2, a thermometer 3, a headspace bottle 4 and an aeration head 5, wherein a rubber plug is arranged at the mouth of the headspace bottle 4, and one end of a pipeline penetrates through the rubber plug and is positioned at the bottom of the headspace bottle 4 and connected with the aeration head 5; the other end of the pipeline penetrates out of the rubber plug and is connected with one end of a rotor flow meter 2, and the other end of the rotor flow meter 2 is connected with an air pump 1 through a pipeline; the thermometer 3 penetrates into the rubber stopper, the detection end is positioned in the headspace bottle, and the display end is positioned above the rubber stopper; the headspace bottle 4 is placed on a constant temperature water bath device.

In the present embodiment, the thermostatic water bath device is a thermostatic water bath 10.

The fermentation device also comprises a gas filtering device, and the gas filtering device comprises a gas washing bottle 6 and a drying pipe 7; the headspace bottle 4 is also provided with a pipeline, one end of the pipeline penetrates through the rubber plug and extends into the top of the headspace bottle 4, and the other end of the pipeline extends and penetrates into the gas washing bottle 6 with the rubber plug arranged at the bottle opening and contacts the bottom of the gas washing bottle 6; the gas washing bottle 6 is also provided with a pipeline, one end of the pipeline penetrates through the rubber plug and extends into the top of the gas washing bottle 6, and the other end of the pipeline penetrates into a drying pipe 7 with a rubber plug arranged at the mouth of one end of the drying pipe; the drying tube 7 is further provided with a pipeline, one end of the pipeline penetrates through a rubber plug arranged at the mouth of the other end of the drying tube 7, and the other end of the pipeline protrudes out of the rubber plug.

The fermentation device also comprises a gas detector 8, and the gas detector 8 is connected with a pipeline of a rubber plug protruding out of the bottle opening at the other end of the drying tube 7.

Gravels 9 are paved at the bottom of the headspace bottle 4.

The aeration head 5 is positioned in the gravel 9.

Specifically, the fermentation devices are connected according to the above manner, and then the headspace bottle 4 is placed in the constant-temperature water bath 10; the air pump 1 is used for aerating in the headspace bottle 4 before the start of an experiment to create a saturated oxygen condition for composting; the rotameter 2 is used for measuring air ventilation and can control the ventilation; the constant-temperature water bath 10 is used for controlling the temperature of the stockpile within a set range; the thermometer 3 is used for monitoring the fermentation temperature of the stockpile in real time; the gravels 9 in the headspace bottles 4 are used for improving an aeration gas path, so that the aeration is more uniform; distilled water is filled in the gas washing bottle 6, and dry silica gel particles are filled in the drying tube 7 and used for removing interference gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, water vapor and the like in the compost gas production to prevent a detector in the gas detector 8 from being corroded; the gas detector 8 is used for detecting the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the gas port.

step 201: placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bottle to form a pile body in a headspace bottle, placing distilled water into a gas washing bottle, and placing dry silica gel particles into a drying tube;

step 202: the device is assembled, the air tightness of the experimental device and whether the pipeline is smooth are checked, the experimental safety is ensured, and the air pump performs aeration to manufacture a saturated oxygen environment;

step 203: controlling the temperature, and setting the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath device so as to control the temperature of the stack.

Step 204: fermenting by stages.

The composting process is divided into a heating period, a high-temperature period, a cooler and a medium-temperature period. The duration and temperature of each phase were: the duration time of the heating period is 3d, the temperature is maintained at room temperature-55 ℃, the high temperature period is 4-6 d, the temperature is maintained at 55-60 ℃, the cooling period is 2d, the temperature is maintained at 55 ℃ and is reduced to 45 ℃, and the temperature is maintained at 40-45 ℃ in the medium temperature period 3-6 d.

The utility model provides a fertilizer compost fermenting installation simple structure, the cost is lower, can be applied to the compost experiment in the scientific research test, has not only solved the big problem of windrow volume, can control the temperature and the air volume of fermentation process moreover at any time. The utility model can place a plurality of headspace bottles, is beneficial to simultaneously carrying out a plurality of groups of experiments, saves the experiment time, adopts a constant temperature water bath device, ensures the temperature consistency when carrying out a plurality of groups of experiments, eliminates the mutual influence brought by the temperature, and effectively improves the measurement precision; the fermentation method has controllable fermentation temperature and fermentation time, can be used for fermentation under laboratory conditions, and is suitable for experiments for scientific research.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious to those skilled in the art that a plurality of embodiments of the present invention may be combined. Such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The organic fertilizer compost fermentation device is characterized by comprising an air pump, an air flow meter, a fermentation bottle and a heating device, wherein the air pump, the air flow meter and the fermentation bottle are sequentially connected through a glass conduit and a rubber pipe, the air pump is used for aeration in the fermentation bottle before an experiment begins, the air flow meter is used for measuring air ventilation quantity and controlling the ventilation quantity, and the heating device is used for controlling the temperature of compost.

2. The organic fertilizer composting fermentation device of claim 1 further comprising a gas detector for detecting the oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the gas port.

3. An organic fertilizer composting fermentation device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a thermometer.

4. An organic fertilizer composting fermentation device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an air filtration device comprising a gas washing bottle and a drying tube.

5. An organic fertilizer compost fermentation device as claimed in claim 4, wherein distilled water is filled in the gas washing cylinder, and dry silica gel particles are filled in the drying tube.

6. An organic fertilizer compost fermentation device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a rubber stopper is arranged at the mouth of the fermentation bottle, and one end of the vent pipe penetrates through the rubber stopper and is positioned at the bottom of the fermentation bottle and is connected with the aeration head; the other end of the air pipe penetrates out of the rubber plug and is connected with one end of the air flow meter, and the other end of the air flow meter is connected with the air pump through a pipeline.

7. An organic fertilizer composting fermentation device as claimed in claim 6 wherein the thermometer penetrates the rubber stopper, the detection end is located in the fermentation bottle, and the display end is located above the rubber stopper.

8. An organic fertilizer composting fermentation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the heating device is a thermostatic waterbath device.