CN103539494B - A kind of storehouse formula sludge aerobic compost method - Google Patents
A kind of storehouse formula sludge aerobic compost method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539494B CN103539494B CN201310506314.4A CN201310506314A CN103539494B CN 103539494 B CN103539494 B CN 103539494B CN 201310506314 A CN201310506314 A CN 201310506314A CN 103539494 B CN103539494 B CN 103539494B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of storehouse formula sludge aerobic compost method.Set up a storehouse formula mud aerobic composting device, comprise fermentation cabin, ventilation plant and real time on-line monitoring equipment; In fermentation cabin, evenly lay the PVC ball-type suspended filter material that diameter is 50mm, then by the dewatered sludge of sewage work and sawdust according to mud: the mass ratio of sawdust=2:1-5:1 mixes, and loads in fermentation cabin; Hybrid reactor body water ratio and volatile organic matter and VS is controlled respectively between 60%-70% and 65%-80% before upper heap; Temperature feeler lever, oxygen feeler lever are inserted heap body, and wherein to pile body central point temperature as control temperature value, employing application number is the control strategy of the segmentation oxygen-feedback ventilation temperature of the invention of 201310076268.9, and composting process lasts 14-18 days altogether.The present invention has temperature control, air feed, exhaust, heap unloading and on-line monitoring function, while realizing the operation of compost Full procedure integrated, reaches heap body quick composting, high-efficiency dehydration and innoxious processing requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic solid castoff stabilization, innoxious composting technology, particularly relate to a kind of storehouse formula sludge aerobic compost method.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of urbanization process, municipal sewage treatment amount increases year by year, and the sludge yield in sewage also sharply rises.Municipal sludge complicated component, also containing pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ovum and toxic substance except water ratio is high, perishable, and with stench.After dealing carefully with entered environment if do not carry out, constitute a threat to directly to air, water body and human health.Containing the nutritive element needed for the plant-growth breedings such as abundant organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in municipal sludge, municipal sludge through compost treatment can produce fertilizer, or in order to improve soil, increase envelope fertility, effectively realize sludge stabilizing, innoxious, resource utilization.
Aerobic compost is under the condition effectively controlling moisture, oxygen, utilizes the aerobic microbiological in mud to carry out biodegradable process to organic matter.Compared with anaerobic composting, it has, and composting cycle is short, degradation effect of organic compound is high, be easy to the features such as manipulation.
The aerobic compost technology researched and developed both at home and abroad is at present mainly based on bar buttress formula and forced ventilation static buttress technique.The former exists, and floor space is large, processing efficiency is low and foul smell is difficult to the shortcomings such as control, and the latter is the zymotechnique of main flow, but the sludge treatment of this technology is larger, thus higher to the requirement of place and support equipment, be not suitable for distributing and small-scale mud producing method is sent out.Aerobic composting fermentation storehouse can be divided into vertical, cartridge type, horizontal by its shape.The patent No. is 201220121636.8 to report a kind of vertical type fermentation storehouse.The patent No. is that 02208727.7 pair of drum-type sludge compost fermentation equipment is reported.Wherein vertical type fermentation storehouse treatment capacity is large, takes up an area little, but easily causes mixing of materials uneven, causes local ferment effect undesirable; Drum-type fermentation cabin has takes up an area the advantage little, flexible operation, energy consumption are low, but its fermentation cabin bottom transverse sectional area is comparatively large, lacks the homogenizing of buffer layer to draft, easily makes material compacting, even occur local anaerobic.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent Aerobic Vessel Compost System method, there is temperature control, air feed, exhaust, heap unloading and on-line monitoring function, while realizing the operation of compost Full procedure integrated, reach heap body quick composting, high-efficiency dehydration and innoxious processing requirement.
Concrete steps are:
(1) set up a storehouse formula mud aerobic composting device, comprise fermentation cabin, ventilation plant and real time on-line monitoring equipment; Fermentation cabin is arranged on stainless steel stent, stainless steel stent is arranged 0.5t-1.0t electric hoist, to realize automatic heap unloading; Fermentation cabin top is provided with temperature feeler lever, oxygen feeler lever and vapor pipe, and fermentation cabin body is PVC(polyvinyl chloride) double cylinder, form hot gas flow thermal insulation layer between its inner wall layer and outer wall layer; Fermentation cabin sidewall is provided with offgas duct; Buffer layer, water conservancy diversion flap, air inlet port, water shoot is provided with bottom fermentation cabin; Water conservancy diversion flap indentation, inclination angle is 90 degree; Water conservancy diversion flap is provided with blind patch; Ventilation system comprises air pump, under meter, magnetic valve and airduct, and under meter and magnetic valve are located at airduct near air pump place, and air pump is connected with air inlet port by airduct; Real time on-line monitoring equipment comprises oxygen monito, temperature monitor, carbon dioxide monitoring circuit, ammonia Monitoring Line and hydrogen sulfide Monitoring Line.
(2) when temperature is 15 DEG C-30 DEG C out of doors, first, have in fermentation cabin on blind patch and evenly lay the PVC ball-type suspended filter material that diameter is 50mm, then by the dewatered sludge of sewage work and sawdust according to dewatered sludge: the mass ratio of sawdust=2:1-5:1 mixes, and loads in fermentation cabin; Hybrid reactor body water ratio and VS(volatile organic matter is controlled before upper heap) respectively between 60%-70% and 65%-80%.
(3) temperature feeler lever, oxygen feeler lever are inserted heap body, wherein to pile body central point temperature as control temperature value, employing application number is the control strategy of the segmentation oxygen-feedback ventilation temperature of the invention of 201310076268.9, namely controls heap body in the adaptive phase stuffy; The phase that is rapidly heated regulates ventilation according to heap body oxygen consumption rate, ensures that the oxygen supply of heap body is abundant; The high temperature extended period, according to heap body central point temperature adjustment ventilation, makes heap body maintain the continuous high temperature of certain hour; The material dewatering phase takes higher fixing ventilation, makes heap body reach the object of dehydration cooling.When air pump start after, air enters air compartment by airduct, successively by buffer layer, water conservancy diversion flap, have blind patch and ball-type suspended filter material, make gas distribution full and uniform; In composting process, rely on heap body high-temperature tail gas to form gaseous state thermal insulation layer, reduce the calorific loss of heap body to device context, heap body is incubated.Composting process lasts 14-18 days altogether, and wherein heap temperature rises to the time of 55 DEG C is 3-4 days, and the pliotherm period of more than 50 DEG C maintains 6-8 days, and more than 55 DEG C maintain 4-6 days, and the temperature of heap body declined rapidly from the 10th day.
The present invention has significant beneficial effect:
1. the present invention is provided with real-time online temperature, oxygen, tail gas monitoring device, the real time data of probe detection can be carried out real-time storage by data collecting system, solves the problem that current handheld instrument is difficult to obtain continuous data.
2. be provided with buffer layer, water conservancy diversion flap bottom fermentation cabin of the present invention from bottom to top, have blind patch, spherical suspending filtrate, air is imported into through airduct by air pump, obtain effective homogenizing at blast chamber, avoid and to cause because local ventilation amount is excessive that heap body temperature rise effect is undesirable and the uneven composting efficiency caused that ventilates is low.
3, the present invention leans on hot gas flow shape thermal insulation layer before two-layer sidewall inside and outside fermentation cabin, and the heat utilizing heap body itself to distribute conducts heat to air, reacts on heap body and is incubated, compare outside heating in water bath mode energy consumption low.
4, the present invention arranges 0.5t-1.0t micro electric cucurbit, can realize automatic heap unloading, alleviate labour.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is storehouse of the present invention formula mud aerobic composting device structural representation.
Mark in figure: 1-temperature feeler lever; 2-oxygen feeler lever; 3-vapor pipe; 4-outer wall layer; 5-inner wall layer; 6-thermal insulation layer; 7-offgas duct; 8-buffer layer; 9-water conservancy diversion flap; 10-air inlet port; 11-water shoot; 12-has blind patch; 13-ball-type suspended filter material; 14-under meter; 15-magnetic valve; 16-air pump; 17-tail gas monitor; 18-oxygen monito; 19-temperature monitor; 20-electric hoist; 21-stainless steel stent; 22-carbon dioxide monitoring circuit; 23-ammonia Monitoring Line; 24-hydrogen sulfide Monitoring Line.
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention temperature dynamic variation diagram.
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention oxygen Monitoring on Dynamic Change figure.
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention carbonic acid gas Monitoring on Dynamic Change figure.
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention ammonia Monitoring on Dynamic Change figure.
Fig. 6 is embodiment of the present invention hydrogen sulfide Monitoring on Dynamic Change figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
(1) formula mud aerobic composting device in storehouse is as Fig. 1, comprises fermentation cabin, ventilation plant and real time on-line monitoring equipment; Fermentation cabin physical dimension is × H=800mm × 1300mm, and useful volume is × H=600mm × 1100mm, and fermentation cabin is arranged on stainless steel stent 21, stainless steel stent 21 is arranged 0.5t-1.0t electric hoist 20; Fermentation cabin top is provided with temperature feeler lever 1, oxygen feeler lever 2 and vapor pipe 3, and fermentation cabin body is PVC double cylinder, forms hot gas flow thermal insulation layer 6 between its inner wall layer 5 and outer wall layer 4; Fermentation cabin sidewall is provided with offgas duct 7; Buffer layer 8, water conservancy diversion flap 9, air inlet port 10 and water shoot 11 is provided with bottom fermentation cabin; Buffer layer 8 thickness is 25cm, water conservancy diversion flap 9 indentation, and inclination angle is 90 degree; Water conservancy diversion flap 9 is provided with blind patch 12; Ventilation system comprises air pump 16, under meter 14, magnetic valve 15 and airduct, and under meter 14 and magnetic valve 15 are located at airduct near air pump place, and air pump 16 is connected with air inlet port 10 by airduct.
Temperature feeler lever 1 range is-10 DEG C-100 DEG C, and long 1500mm, down remembers from leading-out terminal, and length 1200mm place is temperature 1, and length 900mm place is temperature 2, and length 700mm place is temperature 3, and length 450mm place is temperature 4; Oxygen feeler lever 2 range is 0-25%, long 1000mm, and probe is located at lowermost end; Temperature feeler lever 1 and oxygen feeler lever 2 seal all completely, and surface galvanizing is anticorrosion, internal partition thermal treatment.
Tail gas monitor 17 establishes backlight LCD, can show gas concentration value, CO
2range is 0-20%, H
2s, NH
3maximum range is respectively 500,1000ppm (1,000,000/); Under meter 14 is thermal type gas quality flow meter, and range is 0-25slpm (standard liters per minute).
(2) the outdoor lowest temperature is 18 DEG C, the highest temperature 25 DEG C.First, to have in fermentation cabin on blind patch 12 and evenly lay the ball-type suspended filter material 13 that diameter is 50mm, then by the dewatered sludge of sewage work according to mud: the mass ratio of sawdust=4:1 mixes, and loads in fermentation cabin.Hybrid reactor body water ratio and VS(volatile organic matter is not obtained before upper heap) be respectively 65% and 78%.
(3) temperature feeler lever 1, oxygen feeler lever 2 are inserted heap body; wherein to pile body central point temperature as control temperature value; adopt the control strategy of segmentation oxygen-feedback ventilation temperature, namely keep heap body without ventilation in the adaptive phase (upper heap 1 day in and temperature is less than 28 DEG C); The phase of being rapidly heated (temperature reaches 28 DEG C), when to pile in body oxygen content lower than 15% time, adjustment vent flow is 8L/min (liter/min), higher than 15% time, adjustment vent flow is 6 L/min; High temperature extended period (heap body central point temperature reaches 50 DEG C), when heap body central point temperature is between 50 DEG C and 55 DEG C, adjustment vent flow is 4 L/min; time between 55 DEG C and 60 DEG C; adjustment vent flow is 6 L/min, and when being greater than 60 DEG C, adjustment ventilation is 10 L/min; In the material dewatering phase (after the high temperature extended period of 8 days), adopt the high vent flow of 10 L/min, to make heap body fast dewatering lower the temperature, the time length is 3 days always.When air pump 16 start after, air enters air compartment by airduct, successively by buffer layer 8, water conservancy diversion flap 9, have blind patch 12 and ball-type suspended filter material 13, make gas distribution full and uniform.In composting process, rely on heap body high-temperature tail gas to form gaseous state thermal insulation layer, reduce the calorific loss of heap body to device context, heap body is incubated.Compost lasts 16 days altogether, wherein heap temperature rises to the time of 55 DEG C is 4 days, and the pliotherm period of more than 50 DEG C maintains 8 days, more than 55 DEG C 6 days, the temperature of heap body declined rapidly from the 10th day, the requirement that heap temperature meets " decontamination of human excreta hygienic standard (GB7959-87) ".
At the end of compost, record heap body water ratio and VS is respectively 52% and 67%, achieve the minimizing of compost and organic degraded; Recording GI(germination index) value is greater than 80%, shows that the toxicity of piling body disappears substantially.
Claims (1)
1. a storehouse formula sludge aerobic compost method, is characterized in that concrete steps are:
(1) set up a storehouse formula mud aerobic composting device, comprise fermentation cabin, ventilation plant and real time on-line monitoring equipment; Fermentation cabin is arranged on stainless steel stent, stainless steel stent is arranged 0.5t-1.0t electric hoist, to realize automatic heap unloading; Fermentation cabin top is provided with temperature feeler lever, oxygen feeler lever and vapor pipe, and fermentation cabin body is polyvinyl chloride double cylinder, forms hot gas flow thermal insulation layer between its inner wall layer and outer wall layer; Fermentation cabin sidewall is provided with offgas duct; Buffer layer, water conservancy diversion flap, air inlet port, water shoot is provided with bottom fermentation cabin; Water conservancy diversion flap indentation, inclination angle is 90 degree; Water conservancy diversion flap is provided with blind patch; Ventilation system comprises air pump, under meter, magnetic valve and airduct, and under meter and magnetic valve are located at airduct near air pump place, and air pump is connected with air inlet port by airduct; Real time on-line monitoring equipment comprises oxygen monito, temperature monitor, carbon dioxide monitoring circuit, ammonia Monitoring Line and hydrogen sulfide Monitoring Line;
(2) when temperature is 15 DEG C-30 DEG C out of doors, first, have in fermentation cabin on blind patch and evenly lay the polyvinyl chloride ball-type suspended filter material that diameter is 50mm, then by the dewatered sludge of sewage work and sawdust according to dewatered sludge: the mass ratio of sawdust=2:1-5:1 mixes, and loads in fermentation cabin; Before upper heap, control hybrid reactor body water ratio and volatile organic matter are respectively between 60%-70% and 65%-80%;
(3) temperature feeler lever, oxygen feeler lever are inserted heap body, wherein to pile body central point temperature as control temperature value, control heap body in the adaptive phase stuffy; The phase that is rapidly heated regulates ventilation according to heap body oxygen consumption rate, ensures that the oxygen supply of heap body is abundant; The high temperature extended period, according to heap body central point temperature adjustment ventilation, makes heap body maintain the continuous high temperature of certain hour; The material dewatering phase takes higher fixing ventilation, makes heap body reach the object of dehydration cooling; When air pump start after, air enters air compartment by airduct, successively by buffer layer, water conservancy diversion flap, have blind patch and ball-type suspended filter material, make gas distribution full and uniform; In composting process, rely on heap body high-temperature tail gas to form gaseous state thermal insulation layer, reduce the calorific loss of heap body to device context, heap body is incubated; Composting process lasts 14-18 days altogether, and wherein heap temperature rises to the time of 55 DEG C is 3-4 days, and the pliotherm period of more than 50 DEG C maintains 6-8 days, and more than 55 DEG C maintain 4-6 days, and the temperature of heap body declined rapidly from the 10th day.
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| CN103539494B true CN103539494B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| CN104030749B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2017-02-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small solid waste biological converter |
| CN108519744B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2024-06-11 | 北京合清环保技术有限公司 | Aerobic fermentation state monitoring system |
| CN108497158A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-09-07 | 厦门市科环海洋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of the biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion fermented feed and its production method and production equipment of prevention vibriosis |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102603382A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 清华大学 | Organic waste aerobic composting test device |
| CN103102192A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-15 | 桂林理工大学 | Automatic control method of oxygen-temperature feedback ventilation in high-temperature aerobic composting stage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102603382A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 清华大学 | Organic waste aerobic composting test device |
| CN103102192A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-15 | 桂林理工大学 | Automatic control method of oxygen-temperature feedback ventilation in high-temperature aerobic composting stage |
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Granted publication date: 20150819 Termination date: 20211024 |