CN210380766U - Waterproof connecting layer and special device for solar cogeneration - Google Patents
Waterproof connecting layer and special device for solar cogeneration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210380766U CN210380766U CN201921289441.2U CN201921289441U CN210380766U CN 210380766 U CN210380766 U CN 210380766U CN 201921289441 U CN201921289441 U CN 201921289441U CN 210380766 U CN210380766 U CN 210380766U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- waterproof connecting
- water
- connecting layer
- hydrophilic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002238 carbon nanotube film Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 50
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of solar photovoltaic and solar seawater purification, in particular to a waterproof connecting layer and a special device for solar cogeneration, wherein the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nano tubes; or a polydimethylsiloxane layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nanotubes; or a glass layer; or a plastic layer, and one side surface of the plastic layer is provided with a hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity. The waterproof connecting layer is applied to a solar water-electricity co-production device, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the top solar cell is further improved. The special device containing the waterproof connecting layer can be applied to an industrial photovoltaic power station, improves the electric energy output of the photovoltaic power station, generates purified water, and can also be used as a portable device for outdoor survival devices to provide electricity and water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic field and light and heat conversion technical field, concretely relates to waterproof articulamentum, isolated plant for solar energy cogeneration.
Background
With the increasing global population and the aggravated climate change, the social and economic development is rapid, and the demand of people for water and electricity resources is increasing. However, the relationship between water and energy is complicated, and people can only obtain water purification resources and electric energy resources respectively in an unrelated way. When water and electricity are needed simultaneously, people need separate floor space and infrastructure, which brings higher cost and lower energy utilization rate.
In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has been developed vigorously, the cost of solar cells has been steadily reduced, and the conversion efficiency has been gradually improved. Currently, the efficiency of a single-stage solar cell is still below 30%, so that most of the solar energy (70%) is still wasted. For photovoltaic devices, high energy photons (above the bandwidth) are dissipated thermally (the heat of thermalization that falls to the band edge) after being partially absorbed. Whereas low energy photons (below the bandwidth) are not available either because they are trapped in or pass through the cell. In the case of a battery, the operating performance (efficiency or stability) of the battery is impaired by a temperature increase due to the heat of thermal oxidation.
In the aspect of seawater desalination, the progress in reducing cost, improving energy utilization and the like is remarkable in recent years. It is noted, however, that water treatment technologies for trans-osmosis membranes have approached thermodynamic limits. For the further development of seawater desalination, cheap energy and whether it is environment-friendly remain two important issues.
Photovoltaic technology and trans-osmosis membrane technology are the mainstream technologies for producing environmentally friendly electric energy and water purification resources at present. Photovoltaic and trans-osmosis membrane combinations are one of the important ways to continuously supply both electrical energy and water purification resources. The cascade system firstly generates green electric energy through a photovoltaic technology, and then the electric energy drives a trans-osmosis membrane to generate fresh water resources. However, the solar conversion efficiency of this cascade system is limited by the shockly-queisser limit (33%) of the single-stage photovoltaic. Furthermore, building such a combined system requires planning separate footprints and building different infrastructure for the photovoltaic and trans-osmosis membrane systems, adding to the cost and complexity of the overall system. The cogeneration of water and electricity has attracted people's interest, and researchers have also conducted many studies on the field of solar water and electricity generation. Some work is performed on the basis of solar photo-thermal technology. For example, in the process of desalting seawater, salt concentration difference is utilized to generate electricity simultaneously, or deformation is utilized to generate electricity simultaneously. Although they have as high a solar utilization as a stand-alone photothermal conversion device, the electricity production is not satisfactory, and is usually less than 1Wm at a solar intensity-2。
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses a solve in the solar photovoltaic device most solar energy waste, the heat of thermalization and to the photovoltaic device performance damage, the difficult scheduling problem that water and electric energy acquireed simultaneously, designed a waterproof articulamentum, preparation method, the isolated plant for solar energy water and electricity coproduction, the usable full spectrum sunlight of the device makes the infrared transparent cell at top produce green electric energy, the solar energy water purification system desalination sea water or the sewage of bottom. We designed a waterproof connection layer (WTIL) in the top cell and the bottom purification system, which has a good heat transfer function at the same time, so that the cell and the purification system are cascaded and work together. Using this cascade to co-operate hydropowerThe co-production device can realize 204Wm under the illumination of the sun-2The power output (the power generation efficiency is improved by 8 percent compared with the single power generation of a top battery) and 0.8kg m- 2h-1The water was purified at a rate of 74.6% total solar utilization.
The waterproof connecting layer is characterized in that the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nano tubes; or a polydimethylsiloxane layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nanotubes; or a glass layer; or a plastic layer, and one side surface of the plastic layer is provided with a hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity. Here, "the layer" means an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nanotubes; or a polydimethylsiloxane layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nanotubes; or a glass layer; or a plastic layer.
Preferably, the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes or a quartz glass layer, and one side surface of the layer is provided with a hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity.
Preferably, when the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, the waterproof connecting layer consists of a three-dimensional carbon nanotube film and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200-400nm, and the tube spacing of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200-500 nm; and/or the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 40-60 μm, and the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film is 100-200 μm; or
The waterproof connecting layer is preferably a quartz glass layer, and the thickness of the quartz glass layer is 10-500 mu m.
More preferably, the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, the pipe diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200nm or 300nm or 400nm, and the pipe spacing of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200nm or 400nm or 500 nm; and/or the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 40 μm or 50 μm or 60 μm, and the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film is 100 μm or 150 μm or 200 μm; or
The waterproof connecting layer is a quartz glass layer, and the thickness of the quartz glass layer is 250 micrometers.
Preferably, when the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, the preparation method of the waterproof connecting layer comprises the following steps:
(1) attaching the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film;
(2) heating the film obtained in the step (1) under vacuum and pressure, wherein the heating temperature is 100 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the pressure is 1 × 104-10×104Pa；
(3) Carrying out surface treatment on the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film surface in the step (2) by using plasma;
when the waterproof connecting layer is a quartz glass layer, the preparation method of the waterproof connecting layer comprises the following steps: at least one side surface of the quartz glass layer is treated with an alkaline solution.
Preferably, the special device for the waterproof connecting layer for the solar cogeneration is characterized by comprising a solar photovoltaic device, the waterproof connecting layer and a water purifying device, wherein the water purifying device comprises a hydrophilic material layer and a water collecting device;
the solar photovoltaic solar water heater is characterized in that one side of the waterproof connecting layer with the hydrophilic layer is in contact with or connected with the hydrophilic material layer, the other side of the waterproof connecting layer is in contact with or connected with a solar photovoltaic device, the water collecting device is arranged on the other side of the hydrophilic material layer, and the end part of the hydrophilic material layer is connected with water to be purified.
Preferably, the solar photovoltaic device is an infrared transparent solar photovoltaic device.
Preferably, the solar photovoltaic device is a single-silicon or polycrystalline silicon, gallium arsenide, CIGS or perovskite photovoltaic device.
Preferably, the hydrophilic material layer is a material layer comprising a carbon-based material; and/or
The water collecting device is enclosed by a layer of hydrophilic material.
Preferably, the hydrophilic material layer is a composite material layer of water-absorbent fibers and a carbon-based material.
Preferably, the water-absorbing fibers are cotton fibers, viscose fibers and/or lignocellulose; the carbon-based material is graphene or carbon black particles.
Preferably, the preparation method of the hydrophilic material layer comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide nano sheets or carbon black particles in water or ethanol, wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide nano sheets or the carbon black particles is 2-10 mg/ml;
(2) coating the solution obtained in the step (1) on water-absorbent fibers;
(3) heating the material obtained in the step (2) under a vacuum condition, wherein the heating temperature is 50-200 ℃.
Further, the water collecting device is constituted by a copper cup or other metal container.
The utility model discloses at least one following beneficial effect has:
the utility model utilizes clean renewable energy solar energy to drive the photovoltaic device on the upper layer to generate electric energy and simultaneously drives the lower seawater or sewage desalination process;
after the photovoltaic device on the upper layer absorbs solar energy to generate electric energy, the additionally generated thermalization heat of the harmful battery is conducted to the lower water purification device through the waterproof connecting layer to purify water; by adopting the waterproof connecting layer of the utility model, the preparation method is simple and the heat transfer effect is better; by adopting the infrared transparent cell, the light energy of the infrared wave band penetrating through the cell can be absorbed by the water purification device, and the water purification is promoted together; therefore, in this utility model, the temperature of the upper photovoltaic device is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. The hydrophilic material layer is a material layer containing a carbon-based material and is combined with the water-absorbing fibers, so that the water absorption stability of the hydrophilic material can be improved, and the water absorption effect is better; the hydrophilic material layer covers and seals the container mouth of the water collecting device, so that the leakage of water vapor is avoided; the water absorption material layer of the utility model adopts the composite material layer composed of the water absorption fiber and the carbon-based material, the preparation method is simple, and the water absorption and heat absorption effects are better; the hydrophilic layer is arranged on the waterproof connecting layer, so that water can be further close to the battery, and waste heat can be better absorbed; the utility model discloses utilize solar energy to realize the water and electricity coproduction, not only can be applied to industry photovoltaic power plant, improve photovoltaic power plant's electric energy output to produce the water purification resource simultaneously, also can regard as portable equipment, be used for open air existence supporting device, provide electricity and water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top solar cell structure of the device of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the waterproof connecting layer of the device of the present invention
FIG. 4 is the bottom hydrophilic material layer structure diagram of the device of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a plot of voltammetry for silicon cells operating independently and in tandem
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the change of evaporation rate in the middle-bottom water desalination device of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a perovskite solar cell used in the present invention
FIG. 8 is a plot of voltammetric characteristics of independently and tandem operated perovskite cells
FIG. 9 is a graph of perovskite cell stability curves for independent and tandem operation
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the effect of water purification in treating seawater
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the effect of water purification in the case of industrial wastewater
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the effect of water purification in domestic sewage
FIG. 13 is an electron micrograph of a cross section of the waterproof connecting layer prepared in example 1
1-solar photovoltaic device; 2-a waterproof connecting layer; 3-a layer of hydrophilic material; 4-a water collection device; 5-external load and 6-water source to be treated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The vacuum oven apparatus used in the examples was model DZF-6020. All raw materials are purchased from the market if not specially designated.
Example 1:
the utility model designs a solar energy water and electricity cogeneration device (figure 1), which can generate electric energy and obtain water purification resources simultaneously under the sunlight. The utility model discloses a this device includes top layer solar photovoltaic device 1, waterproof articulamentum 2, hydrophilic material layer 3, water collection device 4, external load 5. The external load 5 is an electric component.
The photovoltaic device 1 of the solar photovoltaic device is an infrared transparent silicon cell. A180-micron P-type silicon wafer is soaked in a potassium hydroxide solution for texturing, so that random pyramid structures are manufactured on the upper surface and the lower surface of the silicon wafer. Subsequently, p + and n + layers are prepared using thermal diffusion techniques. And then, SiNx layers with the thickness of 80nm are plated on two sides of the battery through a PECVD technology to serve as an effective surface passivation layer and an antireflection layer on the upper surface. And finally, manufacturing silver grid lines on two sides of the battery through screen printing. The schematic diagram of the cell structure is shown in fig. 2 below.
The waterproof connecting layer 2 is formed by compounding a three-dimensional carbon tube and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film (3D-CNT-EVA), as shown in figure 3. The three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is attached to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube can be 200-400nm, the tube spacing of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube can be 200-500nm, and the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film can be 40-60 mu m; the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film used can be 100-200 μm. In the embodiment, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 300nm, the tube spacing of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 200nm, and the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 40 μm; the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film used was 100. mu.m. After the two films are attached, the clipPutting the two Teflon flat plates into a vacuum oven under pressure, and heating for 1 hour at 140 ℃ within the range of 100-200 ℃. The pressurizing pressure is 3X 104Pa, finally obtaining the VACNT-EVA film. The composite film was then placed into a plasma cleaner chamber with the 3D-CNT side up, and the 3D-CNT side was then plasma sputtered with an oxygen-activated gas to render it hydrophilic. And then, adhering the EVA surface to the bottom surface of the battery, and carrying out hot pressing at 140 ℃ for 30 minutes to tightly connect the waterproof connecting layer and the battery. And the VACNT can be tightly connected with the solar water purification system below due to the hydrophilicity of the VACNT. The internal structure of the waterproof connecting layer 2 thus obtained is shown in fig. 13, and it can be seen that the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film are tightly adhered to each other. FIG. 13 Experimental conditions are SEM; FEI helios nanolab 600 i.
The hydrophilic material layer 3 is formed by compounding reduced graphene oxide and non-woven fabric fibers (viscose fibers). Graphene Oxide (GO) nanosheets are dispersed in deionized water and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for two hours to prepare 2-5mg ml-1The GO solution of (3 mg ml) prepared in this example-1An aqueous solution of (a). We then sprayed the GO solution onto the preheated non-woven fibers using a spray gun to produce GO covered fibrous material. And finally, putting the whole GO modified fiber material into a vacuum oven, and reducing for 12 hours at the temperature of 120-. From the photo-graph (fig. 4 first row, where 4a is before spraying and 4b is after spraying) it can be seen that the fibre material turns black after spraying. We can also see by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) that r-GO nanosheets can be uniformly attached to the fibrous material (fig. 4 second row, where 4c is pre-spray and 4d is post-spray).
Meanwhile, the heat led out by the battery and the infrared energy of the solar energy are absorbed and utilized by a light absorption pump water layer in the water purification device at the lower part, and the sewage on the pump water fiber is driven to evaporate into hot water vapor. The hot water vapor further diffuses into the pure water container under the seat and is condensed into drinkable pure water on the cooler container wall.
As shown in fig. 1, the EVA hydrophobic layer of the waterproof connecting layer 2 is closely connected with the battery, the VACNT layer of the waterproof connecting layer 2 is located below and attached to the hydrophilic material layer 3, the end of the hydrophilic material layer 3 is in contact with the water source 6 to be treated so as to absorb the water source 6 to be treated, and the bottom of the hydrophilic material layer 3 is provided with the water collecting device 4. During operation, the hydrophilic material layer 3 continuously absorbs water into the joint part of the hydrophilic material layer 3 and the waterproof connecting layer 2 due to the water absorption of the hydrophilic material layer. And when silicon solar cell absorbed light energy turned into the electric energy, can produce unnecessary thermalization heat, simultaneously because the silicon solar cell who adopts in this patent is infrared transparent battery, consequently unnecessary heat conducts to hydrophilic material layer 3 through waterproof articulamentum 2, hydrophilic material layer 3 not only can the pumping, the heat absorption capacity is splendid, thereby make the absorptive water rapid evaporation of hydrophilic material layer 3, the vapor of evaporation meets the wall of water collection device 4 downwards, meet cold condensation water, drop into in water collection device 4.
For silicon solar cells, the thermalization heat can raise the cell temperature, which in turn affects the energy conversion efficiency of the cell in actual operation. In the present invention, the thermalization heat in the battery is utilized by the bottom water purification device through the waterproof connection layer 2, so that the top solar cell 1 can be effectively cooled. When the operating temperature of the silicon solar cell 1 is lowered, the photoelectric efficiency can be significantly improved. The temperature and the electricity generation performance of the silicon cell during independent operation are compared with the temperature and the electricity generation performance of the silicon cell in the silicon cell and water evaporation series system of the utility model. In an equilibrium state (stable cell temperature), the surface temperature of the silicon cell reaches 50 ℃ and 62 ℃ respectively when the silicon cell works independently under 1 sun and 1.5 suns. Whereas in a tandem cogeneration device, the cell surface temperatures are 39 ℃ and 44 ℃ at equilibrium with 1 sun and 1.5 sun, respectively. Under 1 sun and 1.5 sun, the utility model discloses can make battery surface temperature drop 11 ℃ and 18 ℃ respectively. We measured the electrical characteristic curves of the two simultaneously (fig. 5), and it can be seen that the performance of the silicon solar cell is significantly improved, and the measurement results are shown in the following table:
from this table, it can be seen that since the silicon solar cell is effectively cooled in the tandem cogeneration system, the open-circuit voltage is effectively increased, the fill factor is increased, and finally its energy conversion efficiency is significantly improved, from 18.9% to 20.4% at 1 sun and from 18% to 20.2% at 1.5 sun, respectively. In general, the cost can be reduced by 7% for every 1% improvement of the efficiency of the solar cell, and the effect of reducing the cost is quite remarkable.
We utilize the utility model discloses can realize the water purification under the sunlight. Fig. 6 shows the water evaporation curve of the device of the present invention when operating under different sunlight intensities (0.5, 1, 1.5 suns), wherein the abscissa is the time and the ordinate is the mass change caused by the net evaporation (i.e. under the sun irradiation, the mass reduction of the system due to evaporation is subtracted by the mass reduction of the system due to evaporation without being irradiated, the mass reduction of the system due to evaporation). The net evaporation capacity of the system under 0.5, 1, 1.5 suns was 0.39, 0.80 and 1.25kg m-2h-1The photothermal conversion efficiencies were 53.3%, 54.2%, and 56.8%, respectively, and the conversion efficiency here was calculated from the formula of photothermal-steam conversion efficiency η, which is generally calculated from the following formula:
wherein
Is the photo-induced net evaporation rate
mLightAnd mDarkThe evaporation rates in the illuminated and dark-field (no illumination) conditions, respectively; h islvIs the change in enthalpy of water to steam (as a function of temperature, including latent and sensible heat); pinIs the intensity of the incident sunlight.
We simultaneously calculated the total solar energy utilization of the device, and under one sun, the total utilization efficiency was 74.6% of the photoelectric efficiency plus the photo-steam efficiency.
Example 2
The invention designs a solar water and electricity cogeneration device (figure 1) which can simultaneously generate electric energy and obtain purified water resources under the irradiation of sunlight. The utility model discloses a this device includes top layer solar photovoltaic device 1, waterproof articulamentum 2, hydrophilic material layer 3, water collection device 4, external load 5.
The solar cell is a lead-tin perovskite solar cell with a pin structure and can transmit sunlight in an infrared band. The preparation method comprises the following steps of firstly preparing an electron transport layer (TiO2 nanocrystalline) on transparent conductive glass (ITO) by using a spin coating method, putting the transparent conductive glass on which the electron transport layer is spin-coated on a hot plate for annealing for 20 minutes, taking down and cooling to room temperature, then spin-coating a perovskite light absorption layer material (lead-tin halide) on the transparent conductive glass, annealing for 10 minutes at 100 ℃, and then preparing a hole transport layer on a prepared substrate with the perovskite light absorption layer material, wherein the electron transport layer is C60/BCP. A schematic diagram of the battery of this structure is shown in fig. 7.
The waterproof connecting layer 2 is also made of transparent quartz glass with the thickness of 10-500 mu m. In this example, a 200 μm transparent quartz glass is used, and the quartz glass is placed in a teflon container, and a NaOH solution with a certain concentration is added, and after 1-6 hours of alkali treatment, the quartz glass is washed with water and placed in a drying oven to be dried for 1-2 hours, so that good hydrophilicity is obtained. And then, adhering the glass subjected to alkali treatment to the bottom surface of the perovskite solar cell, packaging the glass and the peripheral edges of the perovskite solar cell device by using an adhesive (epoxy resin), and tightly connecting the waterproof connecting layer with the cell. The alkali treated glass has good hydrophilicity and can be tightly connected with a solar water purification system below.
The hydrophilic material layer 3 is formed by compounding nano Carbon Black (CB) particles and non-woven fabric fibers. We dispersed carbon black particles in ethanol, sonicated for 1 hour, to make 5mg ml-1The CB solution of (1). We then sprayed the CB solution onto the preheated non-woven fibers using a spray gun and dried at a heated platen 50-150 c to produce a CB covered fiber material.
For perovskite solar cells, the thermalization heat raises the cell temperature, which in turn seriously affects the energy conversion efficiency and stability of the cell in actual operation. The utility model discloses in, the thermalization heat in the battery is utilized by bottom water evaporation desalination device through waterproof articulamentum for top solar cell can be effectively cooled off. When the working temperature of the perovskite solar cell is reduced, the photoelectric efficiency and the stability can be obviously improved. We compare the temperature, the electrogenesis performance of the perovskite battery during independent work with the temperature, the electrogenesis performance of the perovskite battery in the perovskite battery and the water evaporation series system of the utility model. In an equilibrium state (stable cell temperature), under 1 sun, when the perovskite solar cell works independently, the surface temperature of the perovskite solar cell reaches 63 ℃. In the series-connected water and electricity cogeneration device, the surface temperature of the battery is 40 ℃ respectively under 1 sun in an equilibrium state. Under 1 sun, the utility model discloses can make battery surface temperature drop 23 ℃ respectively. We have measured both electrical characteristic curves simultaneously (fig. 8), and it can be seen that the utility model discloses open circuit voltage and fill factor when (serial-type) perovskite solar cell worked are showing and are improving in the system, and photoelectric conversion efficiency also promotes by a wide margin, and as shown in the following table:
meanwhile, the stability of the perovskite solar cell is greatly improved (fig. 9), the energy conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cell can be obviously reduced only in 60 seconds when the perovskite solar cell works independently in one sun, and the energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell can be kept at 3000 seconds without being obviously reduced in a cascaded water and electricity cogeneration device in 1 sun.
Example 3:
we can purify different kinds of water sources (seawater, industrial sewage and bacteria polluted water) by using the device of the utility model. Wherein the seawater is water taken from Bohai sea. After purification, the ion concentration of the main ions of sodium, magnesium, calcium and boron in the purified water is reduced by at least three orders of magnitude (figure 10), all of which conform to the drinkable water of the world health organizationThe requirements of (1). For industrial wastewater (simulated preparation: containing five different ions, 300mg L)-1Nickel ion, 300mg L-1Copper ion, 300mg L-1Lead ion, 100mg L-1Zinc ion and 100mg L-1Chromium ions) and the concentration of chromium ions after purification with the device also reached the standard for possible water use (fig. 11). For water contaminated with E.coli and S.aureus, the formulations were simulated (concentrations of 5X 10, respectively)7CFU/ml and 5X 106CFU/ml), bacteria could be completely removed by water purification (see fig. 12).
Example 4
The waterproof connecting layer 2 is formed by compounding a three-dimensional carbon tube and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film (3D-CNT-EVA), as shown in figure 3. A three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is attached to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, in the embodiment, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 200nm, the tube pitch of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 400nm, and the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 50 μm; the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film used was 150. mu.m. After the two films are attached, the two films are clamped in two Teflon flat plates, and the films are pressurized and placed in a vacuum oven to be heated for 1 hour at the heating temperature of 100 ℃. The pressurizing pressure is 1 x 104Pa, finally obtaining the VACNT-EVA film. The composite film was then placed into a plasma cleaner chamber with the 3D-CNT side up, and the 3D-CNT side was then plasma sputtered with an oxygen-activated gas to render it hydrophilic. And then, adhering the EVA surface to the bottom surface of the battery, and carrying out hot pressing at 120 ℃ for 30 minutes to tightly connect the waterproof connecting layer and the battery. And the VACNT can be tightly connected with the solar water purification system below due to the hydrophilicity of the VACNT.
Example 5
The waterproof connecting layer 2 is formed by compounding a three-dimensional carbon tube and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film (3D-CNT-EVA), as shown in figure 3. A three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is attached to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, in the embodiment, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 400nm, the tube pitch of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube is 500nm, and the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 60 micrometers; the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film used was 200. mu.m. Two kinds of films are arrangedAfter the films are attached, the films are clamped in two Teflon flat plates, and the films are pressurized and placed in a vacuum oven to be heated for 1 hour at the heating temperature of 200 ℃. The pressurizing pressure is 10X 104Pa, finally obtaining the VACNT-EVA film. The composite film was then placed into a plasma cleaner chamber with the 3D-CNT side up, and the 3D-CNT side was then plasma sputtered with an oxygen-activated gas to render it hydrophilic. And then, adhering the EVA surface to the bottom surface of the battery, and carrying out hot pressing at 160 ℃ for 30 minutes to tightly connect the waterproof connecting layer and the battery. And the VACNT can be tightly connected with the solar water purification system below due to the hydrophilicity of the VACNT.
Claims (10)
1. The waterproof connecting layer is characterized in that the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nano tubes; or a polydimethylsiloxane layer loaded with ceramic particles and/or carbon nanotubes; or a glass layer; or a plastic layer, and one side surface of the waterproof connecting layer is provided with a hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity.
2. The waterproof connecting layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, and is composed of a three-dimensional carbon nanotube film and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200-400nm, and the tube pitch of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200-500 nm; and/or the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 40-60 μm, and the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film is 100-200 μm; or
The waterproof connecting layer is a quartz glass layer, and the thickness of the quartz glass layer is 10-500 mu m.
3. The waterproof connecting layer according to claim 2, wherein the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, and the hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity is a layer obtained by subjecting the surface of a three-dimensional carbon nanotube film to hydrophilic treatment by plasma; or
The waterproof connecting layer is made of quartz glass, and the hydrophilic layer with hydrophilicity is a layer obtained by performing hydrophilic treatment on at least one surface of the quartz glass by adopting alkali liquor.
4. The waterproof connecting layer according to claim 2, wherein the waterproof connecting layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer loaded with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes, the tube diameter of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200nm or 300nm or 400nm, and the tube pitch of the three-dimensional carbon nanotubes is 200nm or 400nm or 500 nm; and/or the thickness of the three-dimensional carbon nanotube film is 40 μm or 50 μm or 60 μm, and the thickness of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film is 100 μm or 150 μm or 200 μm; or
When the waterproof connecting layer is a quartz glass layer, the thickness of the quartz glass is 250 mu m.
5. A special device for solar energy cogeneration, characterized by comprising a solar photovoltaic device (1), a waterproof connecting layer (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and a water purification device, wherein the water purification device comprises a hydrophilic material layer (3) and a water collection device (4);
waterproof articulamentum (2) have one side and the contact of hydrophilic material layer (3) or be connected of hydrophilic layer, the opposite side and the contact of solar photovoltaic device (1) or be connected of waterproof articulamentum (2), hydrophilic material layer (3) tip with treat that the water that purifies is connected.
6. The special device according to claim 5, characterized in that said solar photovoltaic device (1) is an infrared transparent solar photovoltaic device.
7. The special arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the solar photovoltaic device (1) is a mono-or poly-silicon, gallium arsenide, CIGS, perovskite photovoltaic device.
8. The special device according to claim 5, characterized in that said layer (3) of hydrophilic material is a layer of material comprising a carbon-based material; and/or
The water collecting device (4) is closed by a hydrophilic material layer (3).
9. The special device according to claim 8, characterized in that the hydrophilic material layer (3) is a composite material layer of water-absorbent fibers and carbon-based material.
10. The special device according to claim 9, characterized in that the water-absorbing fibers are cotton fibers, viscose fibers and/or lignocellulose; and/or the carbon-based material is graphene oxide or carbon black particles.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019210748248 | 2019-07-10 | ||
| CN201921074824 | 2019-07-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210380766U true CN210380766U (en) | 2020-04-21 |
Family
ID=70250063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921289441.2U Active CN210380766U (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-09 | Waterproof connecting layer and special device for solar cogeneration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210380766U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112217473A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 南京大学 | Waterproof connecting layer for solar cogeneration, preparation method and special device |
| CN112830536A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-25 | 南京大学 | Salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber |
-
2019
- 2019-08-09 CN CN201921289441.2U patent/CN210380766U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112217473A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 南京大学 | Waterproof connecting layer for solar cogeneration, preparation method and special device |
| CN112830536A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-25 | 南京大学 | Salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109652012B (en) | Preparation method and application of self-floating efficient photothermal conversion seawater desalination material | |
| CN112978834B (en) | Solar seawater desalination device of water surface floating type condenser | |
| Yu et al. | Recent advances in interfacial solar vapor generation: clean water production and beyond | |
| CN102299206B (en) | Heterojunction solar cell and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN112340800B (en) | Floating type concentrating photovoltaic heat multistage distillation device | |
| CN104993059B (en) | A kind of silicon substrate perovskite heterojunction solar battery and preparation method thereof | |
| CN210380766U (en) | Waterproof connecting layer and special device for solar cogeneration | |
| CN102509737A (en) | Flexible stainless steel substrate copper-indium-gallium-selenium film battery and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102560686A (en) | Wet etching method for silicon chip and method for producing solar cell | |
| CN114941149A (en) | Hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on solar photo-thermal and photoelectrocatalysis integration | |
| Lu et al. | Recent advances in solar-driven interfacial evaporation coupling systems: Energy conversion, water purification, and seawater resource extraction | |
| CN112960719B (en) | Water purification system of high-efficient water purification | |
| CN103531663B (en) | CuInS 2the preparation method of absorbing layer of thin film solar cell | |
| CN102969368A (en) | Electrode structure of solar cell piece | |
| CN202973593U (en) | Superconductive flat-plate solar heat collector capable of generating electricity | |
| CN114368798A (en) | Solar water-electricity cogeneration device | |
| CN202058771U (en) | Integration member of solar energy photovoltaic power generation and heat water supply | |
| CN112217473A (en) | Waterproof connecting layer for solar cogeneration, preparation method and special device | |
| CN105716303A (en) | Solar photo voltage/thermal collector energy collection system | |
| CN103035843A (en) | Organic photovoltaic cell and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115975499B (en) | Preparation method of photo-thermal coating composite material for solar energy interface evaporation | |
| CN112614942B (en) | PEG-modified carbon electrode, preparation method thereof and perovskite battery prepared by using PEG-modified carbon electrode | |
| CN205403207U (en) | Collection of solar photovoltaic light and heat integration can system | |
| CN213184346U (en) | Transparent solar cell | |
| CN102155078B (en) | Nanometer solar fabric photovoltaic surface skin |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |