CN112830536A - Salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber - Google Patents
Salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/042—Prevention of deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber, relates to the field of solar interface photo-thermal water treatment, and particularly relates to a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber which sequentially comprises a graphene oxide layer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer bonding layer and a polystyrene foam core from outside to inside. The surface of the absorber can realize solar photo-thermal conversion with the efficiency of 93 percent, and other forms of energy are not required to be consumed in the process of evaporating liquid; the absorber limits heat at a gas-liquid interface, and can realize high-efficiency utilization of heat energy; the absorber can be mutually gathered in liquid, can form any shape and area, and can be directly replaced if part of the absorber is damaged, so that the condition that the absorber cannot be repaired after part of the absorber is damaged is avoided; the absorber can process high-concentration and even saturated saline water, when salt crystal grains are separated out on the surface of the absorber, self-cleaning can be realized in a self-rotation mode under the action of gravity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar interface photo-thermal water treatment, in particular to a salt-resistant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber.
Background
Energy issues and wastewater treatment issues are significant challenges facing the world. The high-salinity wastewater treatment is a difficult problem in water treatment, and for the current mainstream technology, taking reverse osmosis as an example, along with the increase of the brine concentration, the energy required by the filtration process is obviously increased, the service life of the membrane is greatly shortened, and the cost of water treatment is very high. Therefore, the current high-salinity wastewater treatment is accompanied by huge energy consumption and material waste; and the membrane filtration method is gradually ineffective when treating wastewater with a salt concentration exceeding 7 wt%.
In recent years, solar water treatment technology based on efficient absorption of the solar spectrum and heat aggregation effect has attracted much attention. Under the condition of not introducing fossil fuel and electric energy, the solar absorber has a photo-thermal conversion efficiency of more than 80% for the full-wave-band absorption of a solar spectrum, meanwhile, a heat insulation material is used for limiting the part of heat at a gas-liquid interface, water in a solution is heated and evaporated from a liquid state to a gas state, solute ions are gradually enriched until solid-liquid separation is carried out. However, the method still has the problem that the salt formed by solute ions gradually covers the absorber in the solid-liquid separation process, so that the solar water treatment device is ineffective or even scrapped.
Application No. 201910633916.3, published as 2019, 9, and 10, discloses a polyvinyl alcohol carbon nanotube gel material for photothermal steam conversion, which is prepared by heating and dissolving polyvinyl alcohol particles in deionized water to obtain a solution A, diluting a carbon nanotube dispersion with deionized water, and stirring and diluting at normal temperature to obtain a solution B; mixing a glutaraldehyde solution, a methanol solution, an acetic acid solution, concentrated sulfuric acid and deionized water in sequence to prepare a solution C; mixing the solution A, the solution B, the solution C and deionized water, stirring at normal temperature, pouring into a mold for bearing after completely and uniformly mixing; freezing and unfreezing the solution loaded by the mold for a plurality of times; and finally, completely freezing and drying the frozen gel to obtain the polyvinyl alcohol carbon nanotube composite gel. The disadvantage of the present application is that there is still a possibility of salt adhering to the surface of the material, so that the material is damaged by corrosion of the salt.
Application No. 2019113523378, published Chinese patent application "a photothermal evaporation material based on PVA hydrogel and preparation and application thereof", published as 2020, 5, 19, discloses a photothermal evaporation material based on PVA hydrogel and preparation and application thereof, comprising: step 1, respectively preparing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution, a nano photothermal material dispersion aqueous solution, a glutaraldehyde aqueous solution and a low-concentration hydrochloric acid solution; step 2, fully mixing and stirring the polyvinyl alcohol PVA aqueous solution, the nano photothermal material dispersion aqueous solution, the glutaraldehyde aqueous solution and the low-concentration hydrochloric acid solution in the step 1 at a certain temperature in a certain sequence; and 3, transferring the mixed and stirred product to a forming die when the product is not cured, and standing until the crosslinking reaction is complete to obtain the hydrogel material. The evaporation rate of the PVA hydrogel photothermal evaporation material disclosed by the invention application is 1.4kg/m2*h。
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a salt-tolerant graphene oxide-coated water treatment absorber for solving the salt deposition problem of a solar water treatment device in the high-salt wastewater treatment and solid-liquid separation stages.
A salt-resistant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber comprises a graphene oxide layer, a copolymer bonding layer and a polystyrene foam core from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the copolymer bonding layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer bonding layer.
A preparation method of a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber,
(1) sealing the graphene oxide, and placing the graphene oxide in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed graphene oxide;
(2) uniformly coating the polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer on the surface of the polystyrene foam bead;
(3) placing the graphene oxide subjected to ultrasonic treatment and the small balls obtained in the step (2) in a roller machine to obtain small graphene oxide balls with uniform and smooth surfaces;
(4) soaking the small balls in concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70%;
(5) and (5) cleaning and drying.
Preferably, the ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 500W-600W.
Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step (1) is 80-100 min.
Preferably, the roller in the step (3) is processed at a rotating speed of 40-50 r/min.
Preferably, the roller time in the step (3) is 5-7 hours, and the power of the roller is 700-800W.
Preferably, the concentrated nitric acid in the step (4) is soaked for 9 to 11 hours.
An application of a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber in high-salt wastewater.
Advantageous effects
(1) The surface of the absorber can realize solar photo-thermal conversion with the efficiency of 93 percent, and other forms of energy are not required to be consumed in the process of evaporating liquid; the absorber limits heat at a gas-liquid interface, and can realize high-efficiency utilization of heat energy;
(2) the absorbers can be mutually gathered in liquid, can form any shape and area, and can be directly replaced if part of the absorbers are damaged, so that the condition that the absorbers cannot be repaired after the part of the absorbers is damaged due to interface evaporation before is avoided;
(3) the absorber can treat high-concentration even saturated saline water, when salt crystal grains are separated out on the surface of a device, self-cleaning can be realized in a self-rotation mode under the action of gravity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process for preparing a salt-tolerant graphene oxide-coated water treatment absorber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water treatment absorbent structure;
FIG. 3 is the absorbance of the solar spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a Raman spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the random throwing aggregation experiment of example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the experimental process for self-cleaning the surface of the absorbent body in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the experimental procedure of saturated saline solution in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the evaporation rate of a comparative experiment for 3.5 wt% saline wastewater of example 1;
FIG. 9 is a scanning electron micrograph of an absorber according to example 1;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the rate of water evaporation for absorbent pellets of different diameters of example 2;
FIG. 11 absorbent body beads of example 3 which have been hydrophilically treated;
FIG. 12 non-hydrophilically treated absorbent pellets of example 3
The reference numerals in the figures denote the following meanings: 1. a polystyrene foam core; 2. and (3) a graphene oxide shell.
Detailed Description
A salt-resistant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber is a small ball with the diameter of 3mm, and comprises a graphene oxide layer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer bonding layer and a Polystyrene foam core (Expanded Polystyrene) from outside to inside in sequence. The device can be gathered together under the action of surface tension in water, and a solar photo-thermal evaporation interface with any shape and area can be formed. The graphene oxide surface of the device absorbs 93% of solar spectrum, and converts solar energy into heat energy. Through the heat insulation performance of the polystyrene foam, the heat conduction in water is inhibited, the heat energy converted from solar energy is limited to a liquid layer with the thickness of several microns, the loss of the heat energy is reduced, the efficient utilization of the heat energy in the heat absorption process that the water is changed from a liquid phase to a gas phase is realized, and the evaporation efficiency is obviously improved. And if the salinity of the solution is high, salt crystal grains are continuously separated out on the surface of the device, when the salt crystal grains grow to a certain mass, the spherical device can rotate under the action of gravity, the salt crystal grains are transferred into water, self-cleaning is realized, and the whole process is as shown in figure 1.
In the examples: the graphene oxide powder is obtained from Allantin with the product number of G139803-1G and CAS with the product number of 7782-42-5;
the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is from Allantin with a product number of P301638-1kg, CAS with a product number of 24937-78-8;
polystyrene foam beads were obtained from 1688 Alibaba wholesale net Styrolon eps beads;
concentrated nitric acid is from Alatin N197229-1EA, CAS No. 7697-37-2.
Example 1
(1) Putting graphene oxide in a sealing bag, and putting the sealing bag in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment for 90 minutes, wherein the ultrasonic power is 550W, so as to obtain uniformly dispersed graphene oxide;
(2) uniformly coating the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the surface of the polystyrene foam bead;
(3) and (3) placing the graphene oxide subjected to ultrasonic treatment and the small balls in the step (2) in a roller machine, and treating for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 48r/min, wherein the power of the roller machine is 750 w. Obtaining graphene oxide spheres with uniform and smooth surfaces;
(4) soaking the graphene oxide pellets in concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70% for 10 hours, and performing hydrophilic treatment;
(5) and cleaning the graphene oxide with clear water.
As shown in fig. 2, a salt-tolerant graphene oxide-coated water treatment absorber includes a polystyrene foam core 1 and a graphene oxide shell 2. The device measured 93% absorbance of the solar spectrum on Shimadzu UV-3600, the measurement results are shown in FIG. 3. Thermal conductivity measured on the Hot Disk TPS 2500S platform was 0.032W m-1K-1Far below 0.6W m for water-1K-1Has good heat preservation. The density of the absorbent is 30Kg m-3And the water-based hydrophilic membrane is less than the density of water, can float in the water, and can automatically form a micron-sized liquid layer due to the hydrophilic surface. As shown in figure 4, under the influence of surface tension, the included angle a of the meniscus of the liquid surfaces of the adjacent spheres is smaller than the included angle beta of the meniscus of the liquid surfaces of the non-adjacent spheres, so that an aggregation driving force f is generated between the adjacent spheresaγ cos α - γ cos β > 0, where γ is the surface tension of the liquid and the time for the two spheres to self-aggregate is 0.6 seconds when the two spheres are at a distance of 4 mm.
Random throw aggregation experiments, as shown in fig. 5, 30 pellets were thrown on the water surface and only 3.8 seconds were required to aggregate the pellets into a whole.
The absorber surface self-cleaning test, as shown in FIG. 6, was performed at 0.5Kw m-2Light intensity xenon lamp, optical microscope observation of small ball at interfaceOn the surface during evaporation, it can be seen that the salt grains started to nucleate in 300 seconds, and when the salt grains grew to 1373 seconds, the pellets started to rotate, 1374 seconds, the rotation was completed, the surfaces of the pellets were clean, and the salt grains fell into the solution.
As shown in fig. 7, when the saturated saline solution with a concentration of 26 wt% NaCl solution and the pellets were placed outdoors, it was observed that salt grains gradually precipitated from 29 days 10 and 29 days 2019 to 1 and 11 months 2019 at the bottom of the beaker, but the salt grains precipitated on the surface of the pellets automatically dropped off by gravity, and solid-liquid separation was achieved. In this process, the pellet surface was always clean and no salt was deposited on the surface.
As shown in fig. 8, in order to simulate the intensity of sunlight under normal conditions, the intensity of sunlight was measured at 1Kw × m-2Under the irradiation of a light intensity xenon lamp, 47 small balls with the diameter of 3mm are taken and spread in a Dewar flask with the mass fraction of 50.5 wt% of salt solution, the Dewar flask is placed on an electronic balance, a xenon lamp light source is placed at the position with the vertical distance of 10cm of the combination, and the light intensity of the small balls and the surface of the water body is measured to be 1Kw/m by a solar power meter2. At this time, the ambient temperature is 27 ℃, the humidity is 45%, and the water temperature is 27 ℃. After 1 hour of irradiation, the change in mass was recorded on an electronic balance. In a contrast experiment, a saline solution with the mass fraction of 3.5 wt% is filled in a 50ml Dewar flask, the Dewar flask is placed on an electronic balance, a xenon lamp light source is placed at a position with the vertical distance of 10cm, and the light intensity received by the surface of a water body is measured to be 1Kw/m by a sunlight power meter2. At this time, the ambient temperature is 27 ℃, the humidity is 45%, and the water temperature is 27 ℃. After 1 hour of irradiation, the change in mass was recorded on an electronic balance. The rate of water evaporation after introduction of the absorbent was measured to be 1.3Kg m-2h-1The evaporation rate without pellets was 0.8Kg m-2h-1. As can be seen from the evaporation rate, when the absorbent beads were added, the evaporation rate of the brine was increased by 62.5% over that of the absorbent beads which were not added.
As shown in fig. 9, which is a scanning electron microscope image of the absorber of the present invention, the inner layer is a polystyrene foam core, and the outer layer is a graphene oxide layer and a polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer bonding layer.
Example 2
By the way of example 1The method described above respectively prepares absorber pellets with diameters of 1, 3 and 5mm, and puts into 3 Dewar flasks with diameter of 2.75cm and filled with 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution, and spreads. Placing the Dewar flask on an electronic balance, placing xenon lamp light source at 10cm vertical distance of the Dewar flask, and measuring the light intensity of the absorber pellet and water surface to be 1Kw/m by a sunlight power meter2. At this time, the ambient temperature is 27 ℃, the humidity is 45%, and the water temperature is 27 ℃. After 1 hour of irradiation, the change in mass was recorded on an electronic balance.
And (3) performance testing: as shown in FIG. 10, comparing the mass of water evaporated from absorbent pellets of different diameters with time, it can be seen that the rate of brine evaporated from pellets of 1, 3 and 5mm in diameter was 1.22Kg x m, respectively-2h-1、1.30Kg*m-2h-1And 1.08Kg m-2h-1. It can be seen that as the size of the pellet increases, the rate of evaporation of brine from the pellet increases and then decreases, and that the rate of evaporation of brine from a pellet having a diameter of 3mm is the fastest.
Example 3
(1) Putting graphene oxide in a sealing bag, and putting the sealing bag in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment for 90 minutes, wherein the ultrasonic power is 550W, so as to obtain uniformly dispersed graphene oxide;
(2) uniformly coating the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the surface of the polystyrene foam bead;
(3) and (3) placing the graphene oxide subjected to ultrasonic treatment and the small balls in the step (2) in a roller machine, and treating for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 48r/min, wherein the power of the roller machine is 750 w. Obtaining the graphene oxide spheres with uniform and smooth surfaces.
(4) The obtained graphene oxide pellets are soaked in concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70% for 10 hours, and hydrophilic treatment is carried out.
(5) And cleaning the obtained graphene oxide with clear water, and drying the graphene oxide with a vacuum drying oven.
Comparative example 1
Absorber pellets were prepared according to the above steps (1), (2), (3), and washed with clean water, and then dried with a vacuum oven, except that the hydrophilic treatment with 70% concentrated nitric acid in step (4) was not used.
And (3) performance testing: the hydrophilically treated absorbent beads of example 3 and the absorbent beads without hydrophilization treatment of comparative example 1 were placed on a Digidrop platform of GBX corporation, respectively, and the angle of the surface to the water drop, i.e., the contact angle, was measured. The measured included angles are respectively: as shown in fig. 11, the hydrophilic-treated absorbent beads had a contact angle of 20 °; the contact angle of the absorbent beads, which were not hydrophilically treated, was 95 °. The better the hydrophilicity, the smaller the contact angle of the bead surface with water. Therefore, the hydrophilicity of the surfaces of the spheres after hydrophilic treatment is obviously improved, and in the process of water evaporation, a liquid layer can be continuously kept on the surfaces of the small spheres of the absorber due to the hydrophilicity, so that the salt crystal grain component is facilitated.
Claims (8)
1. A salt-resistant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber is characterized by sequentially comprising a graphene oxide layer, a copolymer bonding layer and a polystyrene foam core from outside to inside, wherein the copolymer bonding layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer bonding layer.
2. A preparation method of a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber,
(1) sealing and placing the graphene oxide in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed graphene oxide;
(2) uniformly coating the polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer on the surface of the polystyrene foam bead;
(3) placing the graphene oxide subjected to ultrasonic treatment and the small balls obtained in the step (2) in a roller machine to obtain small graphene oxide balls with uniform and smooth surfaces;
(4) soaking the small balls in concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70%;
(5) and (5) cleaning and drying.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 500W to 600W.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the sonication time in step (1) is 80-100 min.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the drum is processed at a rotation speed of 40 to 50r/min in the step (3).
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the tumbling time in the step (3) is 5 to 7 hours, and the power of the tumbling machine is 700W to 800W.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the concentrated nitric acid in the step (4) is soaked for 9 to 11 hours.
8. An application of a salt-tolerant graphene oxide coated water treatment absorber in high-salt wastewater.
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| CN (1) | CN112830536A (en) |
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| WO2020244178A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | 清华大学 | Solar thermal conversion material and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN112128996A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-25 | 青岛科技大学 | Polysulfone-based photothermal conversion composite membrane for solar water evaporation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106256768A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-12-28 | 南京大学 | A kind of polylayer forest and its production and use |
| WO2020244178A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | 清华大学 | Solar thermal conversion material and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN210380766U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-04-21 | 南京大学 | Waterproof connecting layer and special device for solar cogeneration |
| CN111392794A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-10 | 中研云碳(重庆)科技有限公司 | Self-cleaning light absorption medium for photo-thermal seawater desalination and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210525 |