CN210340612U - Gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at river intersection - Google Patents
Gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at river intersection Download PDFInfo
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- CN210340612U CN210340612U CN201920793280.4U CN201920793280U CN210340612U CN 210340612 U CN210340612 U CN 210340612U CN 201920793280 U CN201920793280 U CN 201920793280U CN 210340612 U CN210340612 U CN 210340612U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection, which comprises a fan-shaped stepped wetland, wherein the wetland is positioned at the intersection of two rivers and is communicated with the two rivers; and arranging rubber dams in the two rivers, wherein the height from the top of each rubber dam to the water surface is 200-400 mm, and the rubber dams are located at the step turning positions of the wetlands. The utility model is suitable for the wetland treatment of river intersection, the drop effect brought by the rubber dam of the utility model not only increases the dissolved oxygen in the original river, but also increases the removal efficiency of organic pollutants; and the operation of the wetland system is completed only by means of gravity without the lifting of a pump, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The utility model discloses a synergistic action of plant and filler can effectively get rid of nitrogen phosphorus and heavy metal etc. in the water. The utility model discloses area is little, and water treatment efficiency is high to make river junction have the aesthetic feeling.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wetland system, in particular to gravity type shore water combination wetland system at river intersection.
Background
At present, rivers serve as important carriers for conveying and storing water resources, and space for survival and multiplication is provided for a plurality of animals, plants and microorganisms. Meanwhile, rivers are also mediums for discharging many pollutants. With the development of economy and the progress of society, the river pollution situation in China is increasingly severe. The phenomenon of water quality pollution of a plurality of rivers is caused by random discharge of a large amount of wastewater containing nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters. According to the 'Chinese environmental condition publication' in 2017, in 1940 water quality sections investigated, the ratio of IV-class and V-class water is 23.8%, and the ratio of poor V-class water is 8.3%. In seven water systems in China, river basins of yellow river, Songhua river, Huaihe river and Liaohe river are slightly polluted, river basins of sea are moderately polluted, and river pollution is improved in the last year, but the situation is still not optimistic.
The artificial wetland technology has been widely applied to the sewage treatment in various regions of the world as a water pollution treatment technology with low cost, low energy consumption, high environmental benefit and no secondary pollution. The artificial wetland technology is developed on the basis of natural wetland and is a sewage purification ecological engineering technology which is constructed artificially and operated under control. The artificial wetland is mainly used for purifying sewage by utilizing physical, chemical and biological synergistic effects of soil, artificial media (filler), plants and microorganisms. The artificial wetland can be divided into a surface flow artificial wetland, a horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland, a vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland, a composite subsurface flow artificial wetland and the like according to different water inflow modes. Several or several wetlands are combined to form a combined artificial wetland system, and the advantages of each wetland can be combined, so that the treatment efficiency and the impact load resistance of the artificial wetland are effectively improved. However, the traditional artificial wetland technology still has some limitations:
firstly, in order to ensure longer hydraulic retention time, the occupied area of the artificial wetland is generally larger, and the national situation of more people and less land in China is difficult to meet.
Secondly, the constructed wetland is easy to be disturbed by mosquitoes and flies in specific regions and seasons due to the good ecological environment.
And thirdly, due to the complexity of biological and hydraulic conditions, the constructed wetland is easy to block, so that the operation can only be suspended during the backwashing of the wetland, and the sewage cannot be continuously purified.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that technical problem that exists among the well-known technique took and be: a gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection comprises a fan-shaped stepped wetland, wherein the wetland is positioned at the intersection of two rivers and is communicated with the two rivers; and arranging rubber dams in the two rivers, wherein the height from the top of each rubber dam to the water surface is 200-400 mm, and the rubber dams are located at the step turning positions of the wetlands.
Furthermore, a partition extending along the radial direction is arranged in the middle of the wetland.
Further, the height from the top of the rubber dam to the water surface is 300 mm.
Furthermore, the wetland is provided with a packing layer, and an iron wire cage is arranged in the packing layer; and filling materials are filled in the iron wire cage.
Furthermore, a planting soil layer is arranged on the packing layer.
Further, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 100-150 mm.
Furthermore, the wetland is a two-stage stepped wetland and comprises a first-stage wetland and a second-stage wetland, and the first-stage wetland is higher than the second-stage wetland.
Furthermore, the packing layer of the first-stage wetland comprises a volcanic rock packing layer.
Further, the packing layer of the second-stage wetland comprises a green zeolite and gravel mixed packing layer.
Further, the radial widths of the first stage wetland and the second stage wetland are the same.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the utility model discloses a ladder is hierarchical with constructed wetland, can utilize the difference of dissolved oxygen concentration and filler kind, handles different pollutants respectively to improve the wetland to nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter efficiency of getting rid of and shock resistance load capacity.
(2) The zeolite, the volcanic rock and the gravel in the packing layer have high porosity, and the large specific surface area of the zeolite, the volcanic rock and the gravel is favorable for the microorganisms to form a film on the surface of the packing, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption efficiency is high. The filler is arranged in the wire netting cage, so that the filler is not lost due to the flowing of river water, the form of the wetland is maintained, the local replacement of the filler is facilitated, the downtime is reduced, and the purification efficiency is improved.
(3) The utility model provides a water level lifting that the rubber dam brought has not only realized using gravity to flow as the water of power, has practiced thrift the energy resource consumption that the elevator pump brought in the conventional constructed wetland, and the reoxygenation of water has also been reinforceed in splashing that the drop produced naturally simultaneously, provides good condition for the growth and reproduction of good oxygen fungus, has very big promotion effect to getting rid of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus.
(4) The utility model discloses can become two parallelly connected two-stage wetlands, can last work, avoided when the wetland blocks up the discontinuous operation that brings when needing the back flush or changing the filler.
(5) The utility model discloses can plant heavy metal and nitrogen phosphorus that green plant can enrich aquatic in the wetland top, accessible photosynthesis improves aquatic dissolved oxygen content again.
(6) Compare in traditional constructed wetland, the utility model discloses according to local conditions, can build according to the characteristic structure of local river course. As a sector area, less land is occupied while maintaining hydraulic retention time.
(7) The utility model provides a good habitat for animals, plants and microorganisms around rivers, and enables the whole estuary area to have ornamental value while purifying water quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention cut along a radial direction.
In the figure: 1. a first-stage wetland; 2. a second-stage wetland; 3. a rubber dam; 4. canna indica; 5. herba Lythrati; 6. separating the gear; 7. planting a soil layer; 8. concrete retaining wall.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are listed and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection comprises a fan-shaped stepped wetland, wherein the wetland is positioned at the intersection of two rivers and is communicated with the two rivers; the rubber dam 3 is arranged in the two rivers, the height between the top of the rubber dam 3 and the water surface is 200-400 mm, and the rubber dam 3 is located at the step turning position of the wetland. Compare in traditional constructed wetland, the utility model discloses according to local conditions, can build according to the characteristic structure of local river course. As a sector area, it is possible to keep river water retention time while occupying less land. The water level lifting brought by the rubber dam 3 not only realizes the water body flow taking gravity as power, saves the energy consumption brought by a lifting pump in the conventional artificial wetland, but also strengthens the reoxygenation of water due to the splashing generated by natural water drop, provides good conditions for the growth and the propagation of aerobic bacteria, and has great promotion effect on the removal of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus. The height of the top of the rubber dam 3 from the water surface is preferably 300 mm. The direction of the arrows in the figure is the direction of water flow.
Furthermore, a partition 6 extending along the radial direction can be arranged in the middle of the wetland. The partition 6 extends along the radial direction to divide the fan-shaped stepped wetland into two parts. The artificial wetland system can be two parallel two-stage wetland system, the two parallel two-stage wetland system can alternately work, uninterrupted continuous work is realized, and discontinuous operation caused by backwashing or filler replacement when the wetland is blocked is avoided.
Furthermore, the wetland can be provided with a packing layer, and an iron wire cage can be arranged in the packing layer; the iron wire cage can be filled with filler. The cage bears and fixes the filler of the two-stage wetland, so that the filler is not dispersed due to the flow of water.
And a planting soil layer 7 can be arranged on the packing layer. The thickness of the planting soil layer 7 can be 100-150 mm. The soil layer 7 planted above the wetland can be used for planting green plants, so that heavy metals and nitrogen and phosphorus in water can be enriched, and the content of dissolved oxygen in water can be improved through photosynthesis.
The wetland can be a two-stage stepped wetland, and comprises a first-stage wetland 1 and a second-stage wetland 2, wherein the first-stage wetland 1 can be higher than the second-stage wetland 2, and a concrete water retaining wall 8 can be arranged on the outer side of the second-stage wetland 2 along the circumferential direction and used for preventing water from flowing out of the wetland. The radial widths of the first-stage wetland 1 and the second-stage wetland 2 can be the same. The width ratio of the two-stage artificial wetland is 1: 1; the packing layer of the first-stage wetland 1 can comprise a volcanic rock packing layer. The packing layer of the second-stage wetland 2 can comprise a green zeolite and gravel mixed packing layer.
The artificial wetland is classified, so that different pollutants can be treated respectively by utilizing the difference between the concentration of dissolved oxygen and the type of the filler, and the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters and the impact load resistance of the wetland are improved.
The zeolite, the volcanic rock and the gravel have high porosity, and the large specific surface area of the zeolite, the volcanic rock and the gravel is favorable for the microorganisms to form a film on the surface of the filler, so that the zeolite, the volcanic rock and the gravel have high nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption efficiency. The filler is arranged in the wire netting cage, so that the filler is not lost due to the flowing of river water, the form of the wetland is maintained, the local replacement of the filler is facilitated, the downtime is reduced, and the purification efficiency is improved.
The working principle of the present invention is described below with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
and (3) utilizing the rubber dam 3 to lift the water level of the two river waters to be converged to reach the lifting height of about 30cm, and simultaneously partially intercepting, so that the part of the river water with the lifted water level flows into the waterfront wetland between the two converging rivers. The wetland is designed into a fan shape and is divided into two stages. The width ratio of the two-stage artificial wetland along the fan-shaped diameter direction is 1:1, the first-stage wetland 1 adopts volcanic rock as a filler, and because river water stays for a long time and the microorganism attachment degree is high, the dissolved oxygen is less, the denitrification of denitrifying bacteria mainly occurs, and the phosphorus release of phosphorus-releasing bacteria and the ammoniation of ammoniated bacteria secondarily occur; the second-stage wetland 2 adopts the green zeolite and the gravel as mixed fillers, and the gravity flow of the water brought by the rubber dam 3 supplements the dissolved oxygen in the water, so the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria, the phosphorus removal of phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the organic matter degradation of aerobic bacteria mainly occur in the second-stage wetland 2. The river water treated by the secondary artificial wetland flows out from the edge of the wetland and is converged into the downstream of the rubber dam 3 of the original river channel.
The fillers of the two-stage artificial wetland are respectively fixed in the iron wire cages, thereby not only ensuring the shape of the wetland, but also being convenient for the local replacement of the fillers in the wetland. The iron wire cages which are matched with the wetland shape bear and fix the fillers of the two-stage wetland, so that the fillers are not dispersed due to the flowing of water. The filler not only serves as a carrier of microorganisms, but also has excellent nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption performance. The fan-shaped artificial wetlands are spaced to form two parallel secondary wetlands, and one of the two secondary wetlands can be operated as usual during shutdown and back flushing, so that river water on one side can still be purified. And a layer of planting soil with the thickness of 10cm is paved above each level of artificial wetland filler, and canna 4 and loosestrife 5 are planted above the planting soil. The two plants can be rooted and deeply enter the filler, root systems can be planted in the soil and grow into gaps of the filler, and the two plants have certain effects on the enrichment of heavy metal elements and the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus. Along with the growth and propagation of microorganisms in the filler, a part of microorganisms migrate and attach to root systems of canna 4 and celandine 5, so that the removal effect of plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal ions in river water is enhanced. The two plants are planted in a grading way, so that the wetland is beautiful and layered while the ecological function is exerted.
The utility model is suitable for the wetland treatment of river intersection, the drop effect brought by the rubber dam of the utility model not only increases the dissolved oxygen in the original river, but also increases the removal efficiency of organic pollutants; and the operation of the wetland system can be completed only by means of gravity without the lifting of a pump, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The utility model discloses a synergistic action of plant and filler can effectively get rid of nitrogen phosphorus and heavy metal etc. in the water. The utility model discloses the two-stage wetland that has unique shape can guarantee longer water conservancy dwell time under the condition that reduces to take up an area of, carries out abundant biological reaction in guaranteeing every grade of wetland to make river junction have the aesthetic feeling.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, that is, all equivalent changes or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection is characterized by comprising a fan-shaped stepped wetland, wherein the wetland is positioned at the intersection of two rivers and is communicated with the two rivers; and arranging rubber dams in the two rivers, wherein the height from the top of each rubber dam to the water surface is 200-400 mm, and the rubber dams are located at the step turning positions of the wetlands.
2. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection of claim 1, wherein a barrier extending in the radial direction is arranged in the middle of the wetland.
3. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection of claim 1, wherein the height of the top of the rubber dam from the water surface is 300 mm.
4. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at the river intersection of claim 1, which is characterized in that the wetland is provided with a packing layer, and an iron wire cage is arranged in the packing layer; and filling materials are filled in the iron wire cage.
5. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at the river intersection of claim 4, wherein a planting soil layer is arranged on the packing layer.
6. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at the river intersection of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is 100-150 mm.
7. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at the river intersection of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wetland is a two-stage stepped wetland comprising a first-stage wetland and a second-stage wetland, and the first-stage wetland is higher than the second-stage wetland.
8. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection of claim 7, wherein the packing layer of the first-stage wetland comprises a volcanic rock packing layer.
9. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection of claim 7, wherein a packing layer of the second-stage wetland comprises a mixed packing layer of zeolite green and gravel.
10. The gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at a river intersection of claim 7, wherein the radial widths of the first-stage wetland and the second-stage wetland are the same.
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| CN201920793280.4U CN210340612U (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Gravity type waterfront combined wetland system at river intersection |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110127951A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of gravity type waterfront combination type wetland system of river confluence reaches |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110127951A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of gravity type waterfront combination type wetland system of river confluence reaches |
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