CN210290408U

CN210290408U - Use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint teaching aid that forms

Info

Publication number: CN210290408U
Application number: CN201920744701.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛晓霆; 王世浩; 刘思彤
Original assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Current assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Priority date: 2019-05-23
Filing date: 2019-05-23
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses an use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint and form teaching aid, the teaching aid use 17 kinds of Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, form by 24 structural component forms combinations, its whole molding form is the square stool. The utility model discloses not only melt in the tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure of multiple Beijing as hardwood furniture, still combine the science of concrete application position display different tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structures to the evolution process of same type tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure is explained through the contrast of similar tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, and then help the student through dismantling tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, improve the practical hands-on ability, strengthen the study of theoretical knowledge such as the cognitive and relevant traditional furniture special term of tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, component molding characteristics, equipment law, finally form the holistic concept of traditional furniture skill, and go deep into the technical core who understands and master traditional furniture knot structure method. The utility model discloses have important realistic meaning to the propagation and the carry forward of china's tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure culture and super traditional fabrication skill.

Description

Use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint teaching aid that forms

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the teaching articles for use, especially, use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint and form teaching aid.

Background

The mortise and tenon structure is widely applied to traditional buildings and furniture in China, contains the ingenuity and connotation of mechanics, mathematics, aesthetics and philosophy, is the ingenious combination of exquisite skills and national wisdom, is a Chinese traditional process with unique charm, and is the most creative expression with Chinese spirits. In recent years, governments pay high attention to inheritance and development of excellent traditional culture and revitalization of traditional technology, eighteen middle-school meetings of the Party put forward the requirements of 'constructing an excellent traditional culture inheritance system of China, strengthening the protection of cultural heritage and revitalizing traditional technology', cultivation 'craftsman spirit' is written into the development plan of the national thirteen-five, and then the culture department, the industrial and informatization department and the financial department make up the project, and the government agrees and issues 'Chinese traditional technology revitalization plan' in 3 and 12 months in 2017 through the state institute.

Under such background, the inheritance and propagation of mortise and tenon structure skills are emphasized in the society and the traditional furniture industry, and are also emphasized in the fields of education and vocational education of colleges and universities, more and more major schools and vocational schools establish furniture specialties or furniture directions, and meanwhile, major repair or professional selection courses such as ancient Chinese furniture and Chinese mortise and tenon structures are set up, and meanwhile, a mortise and tenon network transmission platform and related network courses combined with the Internet appear. However, most of the existing furniture tenon-and-mortise structure teaching is performed in a picture form or an animation form, and the disassembling and assembling demonstration of a single traditional tenon-and-mortise structure is also taken as a main point. Beijing as a hardwood furniture making technology is a national non-material cultural heritage, and 33 common structural forms thereof are available. The essence of the tenon-and-mortise structure technology is that the form and the shape of the tenon-and-mortise are embodied, and more importantly, the inserting relation between the tenon and the mortise and the relation between the structural part and the tenon-and-mortise are realized. The technical essentials are not subjected to repeated disassembly training, and the essence and cultural connotation of the mortise and tenon structure are difficult to master skillfully. At present, a small teaching aid product which can deeply experience the tenon-and-mortise structure art by combining various tenon-and-mortise structures in the Beijing-made hardwood furniture manufacturing technology in an alternate mode is not available. At present, the small mortise and tenon products which can be touched by students in person only have Luban lock or Kongming lock series forms. The Luban lock or Kongming lock only reflects the inserting relationship and the organization rule of the mortise and tenon joint and cannot show the structural technical essence of the manufacturing technology of Beijing as hardwood furniture. At present, innovations for integrating a plurality of furniture mortise and tenon structures are provided, for example, a Chinese patent with publication number of CN108999856A discloses an integrated body spliced by a plurality of mortise and tenon structures, which is a sealed cube formed by combining 17 mortise and tenon structures, and can combine a plurality of mortise and tenon structures together to be inserted and combined so as to achieve a product which can deeply experience the mortise and tenon structures. The invention only innovates the reed-leaf corner tenon, the walking pin, the grid corner tenon, the dovetail tenon and the like, forms a brand new cube by utilizing the inserting relation and the organization rule of different tenons and mortises, and can not show the core of the structure construction technology in the manufacturing technology of the Jing hardwood furniture, particularly the relation between the structure part and the structure form. The teaching aid demonstration can not meet the requirements of students on the concrete application positions of the tenon-and-mortise structures of the Beijing-made hardwood furniture, the evolution of the tenon-and-mortise structures, the contrast of similar tenon-and-mortise structures, the formation of the furniture overall concept formed by the tenon-and-mortise structures, the deep understanding and mastering of the Beijing-made hardwood furniture structure craftsman, and the improvement of the learning and related practical ability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to improve the cognition of students on the tenon-and-mortise structure of the Beijing hardwood furniture, the specific application position of the tenon-and-mortise structure is more clear, the evolution of the tenon-and-mortise structure is better explained through the comparison of similar tenon-and-mortise structures, meanwhile, the method is helpful for the students to form the overall concept of the furniture through the tenon-and-mortise structure, and the scientificity of the traditional furniture structure method is deeply understood and mastered. The invention provides a teaching aid formed by jointing tenon-and-mortise structures of various Jing-made hardwood furniture, which is characterized in that the structure expression of the tenon-and-mortise structures of the Jing-made hardwood furniture is carried out to form local parts, then new parts are generated through scientific and reasonable analysis, modification and recombination, then the new parts are sequentially formed into parts according to a tenon-and-mortise splicing mode, and finally the parts are further assembled to form a whole entity. The overall appearance shape of the final object is presented in the form of a square stool.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the utility model provides an use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint and form teaching aid, the teaching aid constitute by 17 kinds of Beijing hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structures, 24 structural component forms combine to form, 24 part numbers are denominated according to traditional furniture noun term in proper order: the teaching aid comprises a first face core plate, a second face core plate, a third face core plate, a first silver ingot tenon, a second silver ingot tenon, a threading belt, a first large edge, a first wiping head, a second large edge, a second wiping head, a first dental bar, a second dental bar, a third dental bar, a fourth dental bar, a first transverse bracing structure, a second transverse bracing structure, a third transverse bracing structure, a fourth transverse bracing structure, a first leg foot, a second leg foot, a third leg foot, a fourth leg foot, a first short handle and a second short handle, and the whole teaching aid is a square stool.

The teaching aid is characterized in that a tongue-and-groove through groove is formed in one side of a long edge of the first surface core plate, frame assembling plate tongues are formed in the other three sides of the first surface core plate, and a dovetail through groove is formed in the middle of the back surface in the direction perpendicular to the long edge. The two long edges of the second surface core plate are respectively provided with a tongue-and-groove tenon and a silver ingot tenon mortise, the other two sides are provided with frame assembling plate tenons, and the middle of the back surface perpendicular to the long edge direction is provided with a dovetail through groove. The third surface core plate is provided with a silver ingot mortise on one side of the long edge, the rest three sides are frame assembling plate tenons, and a dovetail joint through groove is arranged in the middle of the back surface in the direction perpendicular to the long edge. The first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon are completely identical and are narrow in the middle and wide at two ends. The upper part of the threading belt is provided with a dovetail tenon, and two ends of the threading belt are provided with straight tenon heads. The first face core board and the second face core board are spliced through the tongue-and-groove tenon groove and the tongue-and-groove tenon, the second face core board and the third face core board are spliced with the first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon through the silver ingot tenon mortise, and the three face core boards are connected with the dovetail tenon through the dovetail mortise by threading belts in an inserting mode to form the component A.

The two ends of the first big edge are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are reserved with lattice angle tenon heads, a frame installing plate through groove is arranged above the inner side, a straight tenon mortise is arranged in the middle, and square mortises respectively connected with the fourth leg foot and the first leg foot are arranged at the two ends of the bottom surface. The two ends of the first troweling head are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice tenon mortises, a frame mounting plate through groove is arranged above the inner side, and square mortises connected with the first legs and feet are arranged at the bottom part of the first legs and feet. The two ends of the second big edge are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are reserved with lattice angle tenon heads, the upper part of the inner side is provided with a frame installing plate through groove, the middle part is provided with a straight tenon mortise, and the two ends of the bottom surface are provided with square mortises respectively connected with the second leg foot and the third leg foot. The two ends of the second troweling head are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice angle mortise and tenon holes, the upper part of the inner side is provided with a frame mounting plate through groove, and the two ends of the bottom surface are provided with square mortise and tenon holes respectively connected with the third leg foot and the fourth leg foot. The straight tenon mortise and the sub-frame assembling plate through groove on the first large edge and the straight tenon and the sub-frame assembling plate through groove on the second large edge are respectively inserted and spliced together with the straight tenon head at the two ends of the threading belt and the sub-frame assembling plate tenon tongue on the component A; and then, splicing the lattice tenon mortise and the lattice tenon groove on the first troweling head, the lattice tenon mortise and the lattice tenon groove on the second troweling head, the lattice tenon groove on the lattice assembling plate, the lattice tenon head on the first large edge, the lattice tenon tongue of the component A, and the lattice tenon tongue of the second large edge, wherein the lattice tenon mortise and the lattice tenon groove on the first troweling head are spliced together, and the lattice tenon tongue of the component A is spliced together to form a component B.

The first tooth bar is connected with tenon-and-mortise structures with different sizes and specifications at two sides, and is combined with a traditional furniture modeling mode, the structural shape of the lower part of the part is J-shaped, and the size of the end part of the fourth leg and the foot deviated from the vertical direction is half of the end part of the first leg and the foot deviated from the vertical direction; a cutting angle of 45 degrees is deviated from the horizontal direction of the end part of the fourth leg foot, and a through square mortise connected with the fourth leg foot in the vertical direction is reserved; inclined shoulders of 45 degrees are arranged in the vertical direction of the end parts of the first legs and the feet, the tenon heads for holding the shoulders are reserved, the cutting angles of the tenon heads in the horizontal direction are 45 degrees, and dovetail joint through grooves which are narrow at the upper part and wide at the lower part are arranged behind the inclined shoulders. A 45-degree oblique shoulder is arranged in the second tooth bar in the vertical direction of the end part of the first leg foot, a shoulder-holding tenon is reserved, a tenon horizontal direction cutting angle is 45 degrees, and a dovetail through groove with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is arranged behind the oblique shoulder; the horizontal direction cutting angle of the end part of the second leg foot is 45 degrees and is reserved to be connected with a third tooth bar to form a through pyramid tenon mortise, a 45-degree inclined shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the through pyramid tenon mortise is provided with a through pyramid tenon mortise which is not connected with the second leg foot. The third dental strip is inclined to the end part of the second leg foot by a cutting angle of 45 degrees in the horizontal direction, a reed corner tenon mortise connected with the second dental strip is reserved, and a 45-degree inclined shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction and is simultaneously provided with a through reed corner tenon mortise connected with the second leg foot; a45-degree oblique shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction of the foot end of the third leg, a dovetail through groove is arranged behind the oblique shoulder, and a straight mortise spliced with the first short old and the second short old is arranged at the bottom of the oblique shoulder. The fourth tooth bar is connected with tenon-and-mortise structures with different sizes and specifications at two sides, and is combined with the traditional furniture modeling mode, the lower part of the component is J-shaped, and the size of the end part of the fourth leg and the foot deviated from the vertical direction is half of the size of the end part of the third leg and the foot deviated from the vertical direction; a 45-degree oblique shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction of the end part of the foot of the third leg, and a dovetail through groove is arranged behind the oblique shoulder; and a through square mortise which is connected with the fourth leg foot in the vertical direction is reserved and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal direction of the end part of the fourth leg foot. And the reed corner tenon mortise in the horizontal direction on the second dental strip and the reed corner tenon on the third dental strip are spliced together to form a component C.

The first cross bracing structure is higher than legs and feet on the surface; the end of the outer skin at the foot end of the fourth leg is rounded and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, a tenon is reserved on the inner skin and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, and the outer skin is connected with the tenon in a small-section arc surface; the end of the outer skin of the end part of the first leg foot is cut into an angle of 45 degrees, and a square tenon is reserved on the inner skin. The second horizontal bracing structures are higher in surface than the legs; cutting the end of the outer skin of the end part of the first leg foot into an angle of 45 degrees, and reserving a square tenon on the inner skin; the end part of the second leg foot is provided with a tenon for aligning the shoulder. Third cross bracing structures, the surfaces of which are level with the leg feet, and the shapes of which are middle high and two lower side bracing structures; the end part of the second leg foot is provided with a large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon (the lattice shoulder part and the rectangular tenon are pasted together and are solid shoulder tenon without a jacket), and the middle part is provided with a small lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise connected with a second short old; the end part of the foot of the third leg is provided with a large lattice shoulder tenon and a large in-out tenon (an opening is also arranged between the lattice shoulder part and the tenon and is a virtual shoulder tenon with a leather clip), and the middle part of the third leg is provided with a small lattice shoulder virtual shoulder mortise connected with the first short old. The surfaces of the fourth transverse doorjambs are higher than legs; the end part of the foot of the third leg is provided with a shoulder tenon and a big-in and small-out tenon; the outer skin of the foot end part of the fourth leg is rounded and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, the inner skin is provided with a tenon and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, and the outer skin is connected with the tenon in a small section of circular arc surface.

The top end of the first leg foot is provided with two square tenons, the lower part of the first leg foot is cut into a 45-degree oblique shoulder, a triangular mortise is arranged inside the oblique shoulder, and a dovetail tenon hanging pin with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is also arranged inside the oblique shoulder; the middle portion is provided with through square mortises in a direction parallel to the first transverse bracing structure and non-through square mortises in a direction parallel to the second transverse bracing structure. Two outer surfaces of the upper end leg foot of the second leg foot are respectively provided with a 45-degree oblique shoulder, the inside of the oblique shoulder is cut into a right angle, and a reed angle tenon and a long tenon head are reserved; the middle portion is parallel to the second transverse bracing structure and has blind shoulder tenon mortise, and the middle portion is parallel to the third transverse bracing structure and has blind large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise. The top end of the third leg foot is provided with a long tenon and a short tenon, the lower part of the third leg foot is directly subjected to tenon fabrication, and two surfaces of the third leg foot are respectively provided with a dovetail tenon hanging pin; the middle part is provided with large-lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortises in the direction parallel to the third transverse bracing structure, and shoulder tenons which are aligned with each other and are large in and small out of the mortises in the direction parallel to the fourth transverse bracing structure; the lower end is in an inverted U-shaped shape. The fourth leg foot is in a cylinder with the cross section being an inner square and an outer circle; the top end is provided with two high square tenon heads; the connecting portions of the middle portions and the outer skins of the first and fourth transverse bracing structures are rounded and squared, and non-through mortises are formed in the direction parallel to the first and fourth transverse bracing structures. The blind mortise in the middle of the first leg foot is spliced with the square tenon on the second transverse bracing structure, and the through mortise is spliced with the tenon on the first transverse bracing structure, so that a square material leg wrapping structural component D is formed; two non-through mortises in the middle of the fourth leg foot are respectively spliced with 45-degree corner cutting tenons on the first and fourth transverse doorjambs to form a round material leg wrapping structural part E; the large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise in the middle of the second leg foot is spliced with the large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon on the third transverse bracing structure, and the large lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder large inlet and small outlet mortise on the third leg foot is spliced with the large lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder large inlet and small outlet tenon on the third transverse bracing structure to form a part F; and the large and small tenon-out holes of the shoulder tenons, which do not penetrate through the middle parts of the second legs and the third legs, in the component F are inserted into the large and small tenon-out holes of the shoulder tenons, which are arranged on the second transverse bracing structure in the component D, and the large and small tenon-out holes of the shoulder tenons, which are arranged on the fourth transverse bracing structure in the component E, so that the component G is formed together.

The first short tenon is provided with a straight tenon at the upper end and a small lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon at the lower end. The second is short and old, and the upper end is equipped with straight tenon, and the lower extreme is equipped with little check shoulder tenon virtual shoulder tenon. The small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise and the small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder tenon and the small lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon on the first low height old are respectively spliced in the middle part of the third transverse bracing structure in the member G; then, a shoulder holding tenon and a dovetail through groove which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom on a second tooth bar in the component C are not penetrated through a rice dumpling corner tenon mortise in the vertical direction, a rice dumpling corner tenon mortise, two straight tenon mortises and a dovetail through groove in the third tooth bar are penetrated through the rice dumpling corner tenon mortise, two straight tenon mortises and the dovetail through groove in the vertical direction respectively and correspondingly inserted with a triangular tenon mortise of a first leg foot and a dovetail tenon hanging pin which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, a rice dumpling corner tenon long tenon on a second leg foot, straight tenons on a first short old and a second short old and a dovetail tenon hanging pin on a third leg foot in the component G from top to bottom; and finally, the shoulder holding tenon on the first tooth bar, the upper narrow and lower wide dovetail mortise and the through square mortise in the vertical direction are respectively inserted from top to bottom corresponding to the triangular mortise on the first leg foot, the dovetail tenon hanging pin in the upper narrow and lower wide dovetail mortise and the high square tenon on the fourth leg foot in the component G, and the dovetail mortise and the through square mortise in the vertical direction are respectively inserted from top to bottom corresponding to the dovetail tenon hanging pin on the third leg foot and the high square tenon on the fourth leg foot in the component G to form the component H.

Part B and part G pass through in part B two square mortises in first big limit bottom, a square mortise in first smear head bottom, two square mortises in the big limit bottom of second, two square mortises in second smear head bottom and correspond two square mortises in first leg foot top, two long tenons in second leg foot length tenon (long tenon), the long and short tenon on third leg foot top, two high square tenon on fourth leg foot top respectively from top to bottom peg graft, form and accomplish whole H, it is the teaching aid to accomplish whole H promptly.

The first core board and the second core board are combined to form a tongue-and-groove jointed board structure; the second core plate and the third core plate are combined with the first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon to form a silver ingot tenon jointed plate structure; the first core board, the second core board and the threading belt are combined to form a tongue-and-groove and threading belt splicing board structure; the combination of the first large edge and the first wiping head, the first wiping head and the second large edge, the second large edge and the second wiping head, and the second wiping head and the first large edge are all of a lattice tenon structure; the first large edge, the second large edge, the first wiping head, the second wiping head and the component A are combined to form a scraping groove plate-installing structure of the scraping frame; the first leg and foot, the first dental lamina and the second dental lamina are combined to form a shoulder holding tenon structure; the second leg foot, the second dental plate and the third dental plate are combined to form a pyramid tenon structure; the third leg foot, the third dental plate and the fourth dental plate are combined to form a structure that the leg foot of the four-side flat furniture is combined with the upper component; the fourth leg foot, the fourth tooth bar, the first tooth bar, the fourth transverse bracing structure and the first transverse bracing structure form a structure in which the non-girdling leg-wrapping stool leg foot is combined with the stool surface; the first leg foot, the first dental strip and the second dental strip are combined to form a square material leg wrapping structure; second leg members joined to second cross bracing members to form square T-shaped joints proximate the shoulder tenons; the second leg legs are joined to third cross bracing members to form a square T-shaped joint large-lattice shoulder solid shoulder tenon; the third leg legs are combined with the three cross bracing structures to form square T-shaped joint large lattice shoulder imaginary shoulder tenons; the third leg foot and the fourth horizontal bracing structure are combined to form a square material T-shaped joint tenon-and-mortise large-in and small-out structure; third cross bracing sections in combination with the first short bracing sections forming a square timber T-joint small lattice shoulder dummy shoulder tenon; third cross bracing sections joined to the second short bracing sections to form small panel T-shaped joint shoulder solid tenons; the combination of the threading belt with the first core plate, the second core plate and the third core plate is an applied dovetail joint; in conclusion, the teaching aid is composed of 17 traditional Beijing hardwood furniture mortise and tenon structures.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses use the Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure skill as technical basis, not only fuse the tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure commonly used in multiple traditional furniture, the concrete application position that still combines different tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structures shows the science of tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure to explain the evolution process of same type tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure better through the contrast of similar tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, and then help the student through the standard manufacturing method of dismantling tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure and experiencing different tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structures, form the figurative holistic notion of traditional furniture, and deep understanding and grasp the scientific body and the technological core of traditional furniture knot structure method.

The utility model discloses should regard as the teaching aid of a new form can be used to pupil, middle school student and college student's teaching practice, not only help strengthening the cognition of student to chinese tenon fourth of the twelve earthly branches structure, still relate to the study of theoretical knowledge such as the scientificity of traditional furniture special term, traditional furniture component molding characteristics, traditional furniture equipment law, different positions adoption structure, the form is various, and the content is abundant to directly perceived.

The utility model discloses can let the student live the dismouting by oneself and experience, when teaching in happy, can also improve student's practice and be hand-operated ability, cultivate student's craftsman spirit and the home situation.

The utility model discloses can combine internet technology, make the animation demonstration, not only make things convenient for the student to study, be convenient for popularize the education to the society, help more to the propagation of this kind of thousand years outstanding traditional woodwork culture of traditional tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure and super traditional creation skill, and then the boosting has us to carry forward and inherit the traditional woodwork culture, establishes national confidence and culture confidence.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of the utility model;

2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6 and 2-7 are specific schematic diagrams of the components involved in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the splicing sequence of the present invention;

the first panel, the second panel, the third panel, the first silver ingot tenon, the second silver ingot tenon, the third silver ingot tenon, the fourth silver ingot tenon, the third strip, the fourth horizontal bracing, the third horizontal bracing, the fourth lateral bracing, the third lateral bracing, the fourth lateral bracing, the third lateral bracing, the fourth

And sequentially numbering the spliced sequences.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides an use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint and form teaching aid, the teaching aid constitute by 17 kinds of Beijing hardwood furniture structures, 24 structural component forms combine to form, 24 part numbers and according to traditional furniture noun in proper order name: the first face core plate 1, the second face core plate 2, the third face core plate 3, the first silver ingot tenon 4, the second silver ingot tenon 5, the threading belt 6, the first butt 7, the first troweling head 8, the second butt 9, the second troweling head 10, the first dental bar 11, the second dental bar 12, the third dental bar 13, the fourth dental bar 14, the first horizontal bracing 15, the second horizontal bracing 16, the third horizontal bracing 17, the fourth horizontal bracing 18, the first leg 19, the second leg 20, the third leg 21, the fourth leg 22, the first short bench 23, and the second short bench 24.

The first core plate 1 and the second core plate 2 are spliced through the tongue-and-groove (0001) and the tongue-and-groove (1000), the second core plate 2 and the third core plate 3 are spliced with the first silver ingot tenon 4(0200-1) and the second silver ingot tenon 5(0200-2) through the silver ingot mortise (0002-1-1/2 and 0002-2-1/2), and the three core plates are connected with the dovetail tongue (3000) in an inserting mode through the dovetail groove (0003-1/2/3) by the penetrating belt 6 to form the component A.

The straight mortise (0004-1) on the first large edge 7, the frame assembling plate through groove (0005-1), the straight mortise (0004-2) on the second large edge 9, the frame assembling plate through groove (0005-3) and straight tenon heads (4000-1/2) at two ends of the threading belt 6 on the component A and the frame assembling plate tenon (5000-1/3) are respectively inserted and spliced together; and then, splicing and splicing the lattice corner tenon mortise (0006-2/3), the lattice corner tenon mortise (0006-1/4) and the lattice corner tenon mortise (0005-2) on the first trowel head 8, the lattice corner tenon mortise (0006-1/4) and the lattice corner tenon (0005-4) on the second trowel head 10, the lattice corner tenon (6000-1/2) on the first large edge 7, the lattice corner tenon (5000-2-1/2/3) formed by splicing the component A, the lattice corner tenon (6000-3/4) on the second large edge 9 and the lattice corner tenon (5000-4-1/2/3) formed by splicing the component A together to form a component B.

The pyramid-shaped tenon (0008-1) in the horizontal direction on the second dental strip 12 and the pyramid-shaped tenon (8000-1) on the third dental strip 13 are spliced together to form a component C.

The non-through mortises (0011-2) in the middle of the first leg foot 19 are inserted into square tenons (1100-2) on the second transverse bracing structure 16, the through mortises (0011-1) are inserted into tenons (1100-1) on the first transverse bracing structure 15, and the two non-through mortises (0014-1/2) in the middle of the fourth leg foot 22 are inserted into 45-degree corner rabbets (4100-1/2) on the first transverse bracing structure 15 and the fourth transverse bracing structure 18 respectively to form a part D; the large-grid shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise (0013) in the middle of the second leg foot 20 is spliced with a large-grid shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon (3100) on a third transverse bracing structure 17, and the large-grid shoulder tenon virtual shoulder large inlet and outlet mortise (0014) on the third leg foot 21 is spliced with a large-grid shoulder tenon virtual shoulder large inlet and outlet tenon (4100) on the third transverse bracing structure 17 to form a component E; a second leg opening 20 intermediate the blind shoulder tenon mortise (0012) and a third leg opening 21 intermediate the large shoulder tenon entrance and exit mortise (0015) in section E are inserted into the shoulder tenon head (2100) on the second transverse bracing 16 and the large shoulder tenon entrance and exit tenon (5100) on the fourth transverse bracing 18 in section E to jointly form section F.

In the component F, a small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise (0016) and a small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise (0017) in the middle of a third transverse bracing structure 17 are respectively spliced with a small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder tenon (6100) on a first low height brace 23 and a small lattice shoulder tenon real shoulder tenon (7100) on a second low height brace 24; then, a shoulder holding tenon (7000-2) and a dovetail through groove (0007-6) with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part on a second dental strip 12 in the component C are vertically not penetrated through a pyramid tenon eye (0008-2), a pyramid tenon eye (0008-3-1), two straight tenon eyes (0018-1/2) and a dovetail through groove (0009-3) in the third dental strip 13 are vertically penetrated through the pyramid tenon eye (0007-2) with the narrow upper part and the wide lower part, a pyramid tenon eye (0007-2) and a dovetail tenon hanging pin (7000-6) with the narrow upper part and the wide lower part in the component F, a pyramid tenon head (8000-2/3) with the long and short pyramid angle on a second leg foot 20, straight tenon heads (8100-1/2) on a first short leg 23 and a second short leg 24 and a dovetail head hanging pin (9000-3) on the third leg foot 21 are respectively and correspondingly inserted from top to bottom; finally, the shoulder holding tenon (7000-1) and the narrow-upper wide dovetail through groove (0007-5) on the first dental stripe 11, and the vertically through square mortise (0010-2-1) respectively correspond to the triangular mortise (0007-1), the narrow-upper wide dovetail tenon hanging pin (7000-5) and the high square tenon (0100-1) on the fourth leg 22 in the component F from top to bottom, and the dovetail through groove (0009-4) on the fourth dental stripe 14 and the vertically through square mortise (0010-1-1) respectively correspond to the dovetail tenon hanging pin (9000-4) on the third leg 21 and the high square tenon (0100-1) on the fourth leg 22 in the component F from top to bottom to form the component G.

The part B and the part G are inserted from top to bottom through two square mortises (0007-3 and 0010-2-2) at the bottom of a first large edge 7, one square mortise (0007-4) at the bottom of a first plastering head 8, two square mortises (0008-3-2 and 0009-1) at the bottom of a second large edge 9, two square mortises (0009-2 and 0010-1-2) at the bottom of a second plastering head 10, and two square mortises (7000-3/4) at the top end of a first leg foot 19, two long and short tenons (long tenons) (0008-3) of a second leg foot 20, a long and short tenons (9000-1/2) at the top end of a third leg foot 21 and two high square tenons (0100-1/2) at the top end of a fourth leg foot 22 in the part B to form a whole H, and the whole H is the teaching aid.

The first core plate 1 and the second core plate 2 are combined to form a tongue-and-groove jointed plate structure; the second core plate 2 and the third core plate 3 are combined with the first silver ingot tenon 4 and the second silver ingot tenon 5 to form a silver ingot tenon jointed plate structure; the first core board 1, the second core board 2 and the penetrating belt 6 are combined to form a tongue-and-groove and penetrating belt splicing structure; the combination of the first large edge 7 and the first smearing head 8, the first smearing head 8 and the second large edge 9, the second large edge 9 and the second smearing head 10, and the second smearing head 10 and the first large edge 7 are all in a lattice tenon structure; the first large edge 7, the second large edge 9, the first smearing head 8 and the second smearing head 10 are combined with the component A to form a scraping and grooving plate installing structure; the first leg and foot 19 is combined with the first dental plate 11 and the second dental plate 12 to form a shoulder tenon structure; the second leg foot 20, the second dental plate 12 and the third dental plate 13 are combined to form a pyramid structure; the third leg 21 is combined with the third dental plate 13 and the fourth dental plate 14 to form a structure that the four-side flat furniture leg is combined with the upper component; the fourth leg feet 22, the fourth tooth bars 14, the first tooth bars 11, the fourth cross bracing structures 18 and the first cross bracing structures 15 form structures for connecting the sofa leg feet with the stool surface without waist binding and leg wrapping; the first leg foot 19 is combined with the first dental strip 11 and the second dental strip 12 to form a square material leg wrapping structure; the second leg portions 20 in combination with the second cross bracing 16 form a square tee joint flush shoulder tenons; the second leg legs 20 in combination with the third cross bracing 17 form a square t-joint large panel shoulder solid shoulder tenon; the third leg legs 21 are joined to the third cross bracing 17 to form square t-shaped joint large lattice shoulder dummy rebates; the third leg legs 21 are combined with the fourth transverse bracing structures 18 to form a square material T-shaped joint mortise and tenon structure large in-and-small out-and-out structure; third cross bracing sections 17 in combination with first short braces 23 form a square T-joint small panel shoulder virtual shoulder tenon; third cross bracing 17 in combination with second short bracing 24 to form a timber t-joint small lattice shoulder solid shoulder tenon; the combination of the threading and the first core plate 1, the second core plate 2 and the third core plate 3 is an applied dovetail joint; in conclusion, the teaching aid is composed of 17 traditional Beijing hardwood furniture mortise and tenon structures.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an use multiple Beijing to make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure joint and form teaching aid, characterized by, the teaching aid make hardwood furniture tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure by 17 kinds of traditional Beijing and constitute, 24 structural component forms combine to form, 24 part numbers and according to traditional furniture noun term in proper order denominate: the teaching aid comprises a first face core plate, a second face core plate, a third face core plate, a first silver ingot tenon, a second silver ingot tenon, a threading belt, a first large edge, a first plastering head, a second large edge, a second plastering head, a first dental bar, a second dental bar, a third dental bar, a fourth dental bar, a first transverse bracing structure, a second transverse bracing structure, a third transverse bracing structure, a fourth transverse bracing structure, a first leg foot, a second leg foot, a third leg foot, a fourth leg foot, a first short bench and a second short bench, wherein the teaching aid is in a square stool shape;

one side of the long side of the first face core plate is provided with a tongue-and-groove through groove, the other three sides are provided with tenons for assembling plates, and the middle of the back side in the direction vertical to the long side is provided with a dovetail through groove; two long sides of the second surface core plate are respectively provided with a tongue piece of a tongue-and-groove and a mortise of a silver ingot tongue, the other two sides are provided with tongues of a frame assembling plate, and the middle of the back surface is provided with a dovetail through groove vertical to the long side direction; one side of the long edge of the third surface core plate is provided with a silver ingot tenon mortise, the other three sides are provided with tenon assembling plate tenons, and the middle of the back surface in the direction vertical to the long edge is provided with a dovetail through groove; the first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon are completely the same and are narrow in the middle and wide at two ends; a dovetail tenon is arranged above the tape threading, and straight tenon heads are arranged at two ends of the tape threading; the first face core board and the second face core board are spliced through the tongue-and-groove mortise and the tongue-and-groove tenon, the second face core board and the third face core board are spliced with the first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon through the silver ingot mortise, and the three face core boards are inserted and connected with the dovetail tenon through the dovetail mortise by a threading belt to form a component A;

the two ends of the first large edge are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice angle tenon heads, a frame mounting plate through groove is arranged above the inner side, a straight tenon mortise is arranged in the middle, and square mortises respectively connected with the fourth leg foot and the first leg foot are arranged at the two ends of the bottom surface; the two ends of the first trowel head are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice tenon mortises, a frame mounting plate through groove is arranged above the inner side of the first trowel head, and square mortises connected with the first legs are arranged at the bottom of the first trowel head and are inclined to the end part of the first legs; the two ends of the second large edge are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice angle tenon heads, a frame installing plate through groove is formed in the upper part of the inner side, a straight tenon mortise is formed in the middle of the frame installing plate through groove, and square tenon holes connected with the second leg foot and the third leg foot are formed in the two ends of the bottom surface respectively; the two ends of the second troweling head are cut at an angle of 45 degrees and are provided with lattice angle mortise and tenon holes, a frame mounting plate through groove is arranged on the upper part of the inner side, and square mortise and tenon holes connected with the third leg foot and the fourth leg foot are respectively arranged at the two ends of the bottom surface; the straight mortise, the frame assembling plate through groove and the straight mortise and the frame assembling plate tongue on the second large edge on the first large edge are respectively inserted and spliced together with the straight tenon heads at two ends of the threading belt and the frame assembling plate tongue on the component A, then the lattice mortise and the frame assembling plate through groove on the first trowel and the lattice mortise and the frame assembling plate through groove on the second trowel are respectively inserted and spliced together with the lattice tenon head on the first large edge and the frame assembling plate tongue on the second large edge, and the frame assembling plate tongue spliced by the component A is respectively inserted and spliced together with the lattice tenon head on the second large edge to form a component B;

the first tooth bar is connected with tenon-and-mortise structures with different sizes and specifications at two sides and is combined with a traditional furniture modeling mode, the structural shape of the lower part of a part is J-shaped, the size of the end part of a fourth leg and a foot in the vertical direction is half of that of the end part of the first leg and the foot, the horizontal direction cutting angle of the end part of the fourth leg and the foot is 45 degrees, a through square mortise connected with the fourth leg and the foot in the vertical direction is reserved, a 45-degree inclined shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction of the end part of the first leg and the foot, a shoulder-holding tenon and a tenon are reserved, the horizontal direction cutting angle of the tenon is 45 degrees, and a dovetail through groove with a narrow upper part; the second tooth bar is provided with a 45-degree oblique shoulder in the vertical direction of the end part of the first leg and foot and is reserved with a shoulder holding tenon while the tenon is cut at an angle of 45 degrees in the horizontal direction, a dovetail through groove with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is arranged behind the oblique shoulder, a 45-degree oblique shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction while the bottom of the second leg and foot is provided with a non-through pyramid tenon mortise connected with the second leg and foot; the third dental strip is inclined to the horizontal direction of the end part of the second leg foot by an angle of 45 degrees, a rice dumpling corner tenon mortise connected with the second dental strip is reserved, a 45-degree inclined shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction, a through rice dumpling corner tenon mortise connected with the second leg foot is arranged at the same time, a 45-degree inclined shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction of the end part of the third leg foot, a dovetail tenon through groove is arranged behind the inclined shoulder, and a straight tenon mortise spliced with the first short old and the second short old is arranged at the bottom of the inclined shoulder; the fourth tooth bar is connected with tenon-and-mortise structures with different sizes and specifications at two sides and is combined with a traditional furniture modeling mode, the lower part of the component is J-shaped, the size of the vertical direction of the end part of the fourth leg foot is half of that of the end part of the third leg foot, a 45-degree oblique shoulder is arranged in the vertical direction of the end part of the third leg foot, a dovetail through groove is arranged behind the oblique shoulder, and a 45-degree cutting angle is reserved in the horizontal direction of the end part of the fourth leg foot and a through square mortise connected with the fourth leg foot in the vertical direction is reserved; the reed angle tenon in the horizontal direction on the second tooth bar is spliced with the reed angle tenon on the third tooth bar to form a component C;

the first transverse doorjambs are higher than leg feet on the surfaces, the end of the outer skin at the end part of the fourth leg foot is chamfered and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, tenons are reserved on the inner skin and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, the outer skin is connected with the tenons in a small-section arc surface, the end of the outer skin at the end part of the first leg foot is cut into an angle of 45 degrees, and square tenons are reserved on the inner skin; the surfaces of the second transverse doorjambs are higher than the legs, the outer skin end of the end part of the first legs and the legs is cut into an angle of 45 degrees, the inner skin is provided with square tenons, and the end part of the second legs and the legs is provided with shoulder tenon joints; the surfaces of the third transverse doorjambs are parallel to legs, the third transverse doorjambs are high in the middle and low in two sides, the rowpan doorjambs are arranged at the end parts of the second legs, large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenons are arranged at the end parts of the second legs (the lattice shoulder parts and the rectangular tenons are adhered together and are solid shoulder tenon joints without skin clamping), small lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenons connected with the second low-height old are arranged in the middle, large lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulders are arranged at the end parts of the third legs, the large lattice shoulder tenon heads enter and exit the tenons (an opening is also arranged between the lattice shoulder parts and the tenons and is a virtual shoulder tenon head with skin clamping), and small lattice shoulder virtual shoulder tenon holes connected with the first low-height old are arranged at the middle parts; the surfaces of the fourth transverse doorjambs are higher than leg feet, the end parts of the third leg feet are provided with shoulder tenons which are larger than the shoulder tenons and enter and exit tenons, the outer skins of the end parts of the fourth leg feet are rounded and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, the inner skins are provided with tenons and cut into an angle of 45 degrees, and the outer skins are connected with the tenons in a small section of arc surface;

the top end of each first leg foot is provided with two square tenons, the lower part of each first leg foot is cut into a 45-degree inclined shoulder, a triangular mortise is arranged inside each inclined shoulder, a dovetail tenon hanging pin with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is further arranged inside each inclined shoulder, the middle part of each first leg foot is provided with a through square mortise in a direction parallel to the first transverse doorjamb, and a non-through square mortise is arranged in a direction parallel to the second transverse doorjamb; the outer surfaces of two upper end legs of the second leg feet are respectively provided with 45-degree inclined shoulders, the inner sides of the inclined shoulders are cut into right angles, reed square corner tenon long and short tenon joints are reserved, the middle parts of the second transverse bracing structures are provided with non-through shoulder tenon mortise aligning in the direction parallel to the second transverse bracing structures, and the middle parts of the second transverse bracing structures are provided with non-through large lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise in the direction parallel to the third transverse bracing structures; the top end of each third leg foot is provided with a long tenon and a short tenon, the lower part of each third leg foot is directly provided with a lattice shoulder tenon, dovetail tenon hanging pins are respectively arranged on two surfaces of each third leg foot, the middle part of each third transverse bracing structure is provided with a large lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise in a direction parallel to the third transverse bracing structure, the middle part of each third transverse bracing structure is provided with a large inlet and outlet tenon in a direction parallel to the fourth transverse bracing structure, the lower end of each third leg foot is in an inward-turning horseshoe shape; the fourth leg foot is shaped like a cylinder with a cross section being an inner square and an outer circle, the top end of the fourth leg foot is provided with two high square tenon joints, the joint of the middle part of the fourth leg foot and the outer skin of the first and fourth transverse doorjambs is rounded to be square, and simultaneously, the fourth leg foot is not communicated with the mortise in the direction parallel to the first and fourth transverse doorjambs; the blind mortises in the middle of the first leg foot are spliced with the square tenons on the second transverse doorjambs, the blind mortises are spliced with the tenons on the first transverse doorjambs to form a square material leg wrapping structure component D, the two blind mortises in the middle of the fourth leg foot are respectively spliced with the 45-degree corner tenon on the first transverse doorjambs and the fourth transverse doorjambs to form a round material leg wrapping structure component E, the large shoulder tenon solid shoulder mortise in the middle of the second leg foot is spliced with the large shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon on the third transverse doorjambs, the large shoulder tenon large inlet small outlet tenon on the third leg foot is spliced with the large shoulder tenon large inlet small outlet tenon on the third transverse doorjambs to form a component F, the blind mortises in the middle of the second leg foot in the component F are spliced with the small shoulder tenon large shoulder tenon inlet small tenon on the second transverse doorjambs in the component D, the blind mortises in the third leg shoulder solid shoulder inlet small tenon eye and the small tenon outlet tenon in the fourth transverse doorjambs in the component E, collectively forming a part G;

the upper end of the first short tenon is provided with a straight tenon, and the lower end of the first short tenon is provided with a small-lattice shoulder tenon solid shoulder tenon; the upper end of the second short tenon is provided with a straight tenon, and the lower end of the second short tenon is provided with a small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder tenon; the small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise and the small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder mortise in the middle of the third transverse doorjamb in the component G are respectively spliced with the first short and old small lattice shoulder tenon virtual shoulder tenon and the second short and old small lattice shoulder tenon real shoulder tenon, then the shoulder tenon holding tenon and the upper narrow and lower wide dovetail tenon through groove in the second dental stripe in the component C are vertically not penetrated through the pyramid angle mortise, the vertical direction on the third dental stripe is penetrated through the pyramid angle mortise, the two straight tenon mortises and the dovetail tenon through grooves respectively and correspondingly spliced with the triangular mortise with the first leg foot and the dovetail tenon hanging pin with the upper narrow and lower wide dovetail tenon in the component G, the pyramid tenon with the long and short tenon on the second leg foot, the straight tenon with the first short and old short and second short and old tenon through grooves in the component G and the dovetail tenon hanging pin on the third leg foot in the component G, and finally the dovetail tenon holding tenon and the upper narrow and wide dovetail through groove in the first dental stripe, and the lower square tenon through groove in the vertical direction are respectively spliced with the leg tenon through groove in the first leg tenon through groove G and corresponding to the triangular mortise with the lower triangular mortise, A dovetail tenon hanging pin with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is inserted into a high square tenon on the fourth leg foot from top to bottom, and a dovetail through groove on the fourth tooth bar and a through square mortise in the vertical direction are respectively inserted into a dovetail tenon hanging pin on the third leg foot and a high square tenon on the fourth leg foot from top to bottom in a component G to form a component H;

part B and part G pass through in part B two square mortises in first big limit bottom, a square mortise in first smear head bottom, two square mortises in the big limit bottom of second, two square mortises in second smear head bottom and correspond two square mortises in first leg foot top, two long and short tenons in second leg foot, the long and short tenon on third leg foot top, two high square tenon on fourth leg foot top respectively from top to bottom peg graft, form and accomplish whole H, accomplish whole H promptly as the teaching aid.

2. The teaching aid formed by combining the tenon-and-mortise structures of hardwood furniture made by multiple Beijing products according to claim 1, wherein the teaching aid is composed of 17 traditional tenon-and-mortise structures of hardwood furniture made by Beijing products, and the first core plate and the second core plate are combined to form a tongue-and-groove tenon jointed plate structure; the second core plate and the third core plate are combined with the first silver ingot tenon and the second silver ingot tenon to form a silver ingot tenon jointed plate structure; the first core board, the second core board and the threading belt are combined to form a tongue-and-groove and threading belt splicing board structure; the combination of the first large edge and the first wiping head, the first wiping head and the second large edge, the second large edge and the second wiping head, and the second wiping head and the first large edge are all of a lattice tenon structure; the first large edge, the second large edge, the first wiping head, the second wiping head and the component A are combined to form a scraping groove plate-installing structure of the scraping frame; the first leg and foot, the first dental lamina and the second dental lamina are combined to form a shoulder holding tenon structure; the second leg foot, the second dental plate and the third dental plate are combined to form a pyramid tenon structure; the third leg foot, the third dental plate and the fourth dental plate are combined to form a structure that the leg foot of the four-side flat furniture is combined with the upper component; the fourth leg foot, the fourth tooth bar, the first tooth bar, the fourth transverse bracing structure and the first transverse bracing structure form a structure in which the non-girdling leg-wrapping stool leg foot is combined with the stool surface; the first leg foot, the first dental strip and the second dental strip are combined to form a square material leg wrapping structure; second leg members joined to second cross bracing members to form square T-shaped joints proximate the shoulder tenons; the second leg legs are joined to third cross bracing members to form a square T-shaped joint large-lattice shoulder solid shoulder tenon; the third leg legs are combined with the three cross bracing structures to form square T-shaped joint large lattice shoulder imaginary shoulder tenons; the third leg foot and the fourth horizontal bracing structure are combined to form a square material T-shaped joint tenon-and-mortise large-in and small-out structure; third cross bracing sections in combination with the first short bracing sections forming a square timber T-joint small lattice shoulder dummy shoulder tenon; third cross bracing sections joined to the second short bracing sections to form small panel T-shaped joint shoulder solid tenons; the combination of the strips with the first core plate, the second core plate and the third core plate is a dovetail joint.