CN210282599U - Control system and machine head control unit of horizontal milling device of numerical control machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

A control system of a horizontal milling device of a numerical control machining center comprises a horizontal milling main shaft driving unit, a horizontal milling main shaft steering control unit and a horizontal milling main shaft positioning control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control parallel connection of a CNC controller. A control system of a numerical control machining center; the machine head control unit comprises a routing electric spindle driving unit, a routing lifting control unit, a cutter head movement control unit, a vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit, a vertical shaft milling lifting control unit, a cutter beating mechanism control unit, a horizontal milling spindle driving unit, a horizontal milling lifting control unit, a horizontal milling spindle steering control unit and a horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit; and each part is a small control unit, so that the problem of the machine can be diagnosed quickly, only the corresponding small control unit needs to be replaced, and the operation is simple.

Description

Control system and machine head control unit of horizontal milling device of numerical control machining center

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the digit control machine tool of carpenter and analog thereof and specifically relates to a have mill, dig functions such as round pin, drilling and have high-grade numerical control system's large-scale accurate numerical control machining center's the control system and aircraft nose the control unit that mill processingequipment crouches.

Background

For solid wood processing, a workpiece needs to be hollowed by a hollow milling device or equipment, and the workpiece needs to be processed in multiple angles such as sawing, side milling, drilling and the like by a pressing planing device or a planing device or equipment.

The utility model has the patent number of 201810127805.0, and the publication date is 2018, 7 and 3, and discloses a multifunctional solid wood processing device for milling and planing, which comprises a base, a workbench and a beam frame are fixedly arranged on the base, a sliding plate freely sliding along the direction of the beam frame is arranged on the beam frame, and a routing module, a vertical shaft milling module and an indexable horizontal milling module are fixedly arranged on the sliding plate; the routing module comprises a routing main shaft, a main shaft lifting cylinder and a routing tool magazine, wherein the routing tool magazine is a swinging automatic tool changing tool magazine; the vertical shaft milling module comprises a vertical milling lifting cylinder, a vertical milling spindle motor and a vertical milling spindle; the indexable horizontal milling module comprises a horizontal milling main shaft and a horizontal milling motor; the indexable horizontal milling module can complete rotation from 0-degree position to 90-degree position, can perform multi-angle processing, and can clamp various cutters such as milling cutters, saw blades, drill bits and the like.

The utility model has a engraving and milling module which is provided with a swing automatic tool changing magazine and can automatically change tools, realizes the numerical control engraving and milling function, and replaces the traditional manual tool changing engraving and milling machine; however, the tool changing magazine is a swinging automatic tool changing magazine, and the tool changing magazine is easy to shake left and right, so that the tool cannot be accurately gripped and changed, and the tool changing magazine is easy to damage.

The utility model discloses a still have the vertical scroll and mill the module (dig immediately) in addition, numerical control vertical scroll mills and replaces traditional biax to mill, the unipolar mills, but does not disclose concrete structure. And this utility model's numerical control vertical scroll mills does not have automatic knife loosening and presss from both sides the sword function, needs artifical knife loosening and presss from both sides the sword, and the tool changing is very inconvenient.

The utility model also has a multifunctional indexable horizontal milling module, but does not disclose a specific structure. The multifunctional indexable horizontal milling module can complete rotation from a 0-degree position to a 90-degree position, process at multiple angles, can clamp various cutters such as a milling cutter, a saw blade, a drill bit and the like, realize multifunctional processing and cutting, and replace the functions of traditional thicknessing and planing.

Especially, this utility model's routing module, vertical scroll mill module, transposition horizontal milling module set firmly on following the gliding slide of crossbeam, and routing module includes main shaft lift cylinder, and vertical scroll mills the module including vertical milling lift cylinder, therefore routing module, vertical scroll mill module, transposition horizontal milling module can't be together whole common up-and-down motion, can't realize Z axle feed motion, and processing can't realize.

In addition, the utility model does not disclose a specific working method and a control system. Because the milling module, the vertical shaft milling module, the indexable horizontal milling module, the swinging automatic tool changer and the indexable horizontal milling module are involved, various processing functions such as rotation from a 0-degree position to a 90-degree position and various motions can be completed, and how to move and how to realize the motions through the control system needs much creative labor for technicians in the field. In addition, the same equipment can realize different working methods and different control systems, and how to realize the most efficient working method and can be realized through the control system is also a restriction on the development of the traditional numerical control equipment to the intelligent numerical control equipment because creative labor is needed to be paid compared with a mechanical structure for the technical personnel in the field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Exist not enoughly to prior art, the to-be-solved first technical problem of the utility model is that, provide a numerical control machining center's the horizontal milling processingequipment's control system, this control system uses bus technology as the core, has that the security is high, fault-tolerant ability is strong, high-efficient, stable, the precision is high, can realize functions such as numerical control plane, numerical control bore.

The to-be-solved first technical problem of the utility model is to provide a control system aircraft nose the control unit of numerical control machining center, this aircraft nose the control unit use bus technology as the core, have "plug and play" function, have the security high, fault-tolerant ability is strong, high-efficient, stable, the precision is high, can realize functions such as numerical control plane, numerical control bore.

A control system of a horizontal milling device of a numerical control machining center comprises a horizontal milling main shaft driving unit, a horizontal milling main shaft steering control unit and a horizontal milling main shaft positioning control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control parallel connection of a CNC controller.

The improvement of the first scheme is that the control is connected in parallel, the thermal relay is connected with the I/O module in a bidirectional control series mode, the contactor is connected with the thermal relay in a bidirectional control series mode, the three-phase motor is connected with the contactor in a unidirectional control series mode, and the contactor controls the three-phase motor in a unidirectional mode.

The horizontal milling spindle steering control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode. The structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit and the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit are the same.

And as an improvement of the third scheme, the horizontal milling device further comprises a horizontal milling lifting control unit for driving the horizontal milling device to lift, and the structures, control modes and connection modes of the horizontal milling lifting control unit and the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit are the same.

The machine head control unit also comprises a horizontal milling main shaft driving unit, a horizontal milling main shaft steering control unit, a horizontal milling main shaft positioning control unit, a routing electric main shaft driving unit and a routing lifting control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control parallel connection of the CNC controller.

As an improvement of the fifth scheme, the machine head control unit further comprises a cutter head movement control unit which is connected with a bus connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel mode;

the routing electric spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a motor driving device, an A/D module and a D/A module, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the motor driving device is connected with the A/D module and the D/A module in a bidirectional control and series mode, the motor is connected with the motor driving device in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the motor driving device controls the motor in a unidirectional mode;

the routing lifting control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode;

the structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the cutter head movement control unit and the routing lifting control unit are the same.

As an improvement of the fifth scheme, the machine head control unit further comprises a vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit and a vertical shaft milling lifting control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control connected with the CNC controller in parallel.

As an improvement of the seventh scheme, the vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a motor driving device, an A/D module and a D/A module, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the motor driving device is connected with the A/D module and the D/A module in a bidirectional control and series mode, the motor is connected with the motor driving device in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the motor driving device controls the motor in a unidirectional mode;

the vertical shaft milling lifting control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

As an improvement of the seventh scheme, the machine head control unit further comprises a knife striking mechanism control unit which is connected with a bus which is connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel manner; the knife striking mechanism control unit comprises an air cylinder, a sensor arranged on the air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and an I/O module; the I/O module is connected with the bus in parallel in a bidirectional control mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in series in a unidirectional control mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in series in a unidirectional control mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the sensor is connected with the I/O module in series in a unidirectional control mode, and the sensor controls the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

As an improvement of the fifth scheme, the bus is a data bus and a control bus; the cylinders are double-acting cylinders with built-in magnetic rings; a plurality of standardized CNC controller interfaces are arranged on the CNC controller; the machine head control unit is a module formed by combining an open type modular structure; the standard connector matched with the CNC controller interface is arranged and can be connected with the CNC controller interface in a bidirectional control parallel mode.

The utility model discloses a numerical control machining center's crouches and mills processingequipment's control system beneficial effect is:

and the horizontal milling main shaft is started and stopped by controlling the contactor through the I/O module by the CNC controller. In order to realize the switching of the processing direction of the horizontal milling main shaft, the horizontal milling main shaft is provided with a horizontal milling main shaft steering control unit which controls the horizontal milling main shaft to finish the position from 0 degree to 90 degrees. The CNC controller reads an NC instruction, sends a signal to the electromagnetic valve through the control bus, and controls the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit to rotate for 90 degrees, so that the horizontal milling spindle is controlled to complete rotation from a 0-degree position to a 90-degree position. Meanwhile, in order that the rotated cylinder can keep a stable position in the machining process, a horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit is added and used for locking the position of the current horizontal milling spindle. When the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit rotates to the position, the CNC controller immediately sends an instruction to the electromagnetic valve through the control bus, so that the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit extends out, and the horizontal milling spindle is locked through the mechanical structure. Therefore, each part of the control system of the horizontal milling device of the numerical control machining center is designed into a small control unit, and a plurality of small control units are combined into a module, so that the design of the control system can be simplified and optimized. And each part is a small control unit, so that the problem of the machine can be diagnosed quickly, only the corresponding small control unit needs to be replaced, and the operation is simple.

The utility model discloses a numerical control machining center's control system aircraft nose control unit's beneficial effect is:

the machine head control unit can be designed into an open type and modular structure, has a standardized interface, can be connected with a standardized interface and a remote I/O on a CNC controller, and has the advantages of universality of hardware and software, high compatibility and strong transportability. The handpiece control unit has independent functions, and modules of the same kind can be reused and interchanged in a product family.

The advantage of dividing the handpiece control unit into a plurality of small control units is:

1. the structure is more reasonable: the control system of the machine adopts each module to be divided into a plurality of small control units, the layout of each small control unit is more reasonable and scientific, the functions of each part can be well exerted, and the service life of the machine is prolonged.

2. Designing an optimization control system: each part of the control system is designed into a small control unit, and then a plurality of small control units are combined into a module, so that the design of the control system can be simplified and optimized.

3. The maintenance is simpler: each part of the machine is a small control unit, the machine has problems, the diagnosis can be quickly carried out, only the corresponding small control unit needs to be replaced, and the operation is simple.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a CNC machining center.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the handpiece.

Fig. 3 is a general diagram of a control system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a general diagram of a control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a general diagram of a servo control unit of a control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a general diagram of a handpiece control unit of the control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a general diagram of a table control unit of the control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a general diagram of a communication unit of the control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a general view of a man-machine interaction interface unit of the control system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a numerical control machining center includes a base 1, two columns 2 fixed on the left and right sides of the base 1 and arranged in the X direction, a beam 3 fixed on the two columns 2, a table device 4 installed on the base 1 and capable of sliding back and forth in the Y direction with respect to the base 1, and a head device 5 installed on the beam 3 and disposed above the table device 4 and capable of sliding back and forth in the X direction with respect to the beam 3.

The table device 4 includes a table 41 mounted on the base 1 and slidable in the Y direction back and forth with respect to the base 1, and a Y-axis feed servo mechanism (not shown) mounted between the base 1 and the table 41.

As shown in fig. 2, the machine head device 5 includes an X-direction slide seat assembly, a Z-direction large slide seat assembly, a routing machining device 6, a routing library device 7, a vertical shaft milling machining device 8, and a horizontal milling machining device 9.

The X-direction sliding seat assembly comprises an X-direction sliding seat 51 which is arranged on the cross beam 3 and can slide back and forth in the X direction relative to the cross beam 3, and an X-axis feeding servo mechanism 52 which is arranged on the X-direction sliding seat 51.

The Z-direction large sliding seat assembly comprises a Z-direction large sliding seat 53 which is arranged on the X-direction sliding seat 51 and can slide back and forth in the Z direction relative to the X-direction sliding seat 51, and a Z-axis feeding servo mechanism 54 which is arranged on the X-direction sliding seat 51.

The routing processing device 6 comprises a routing slide base 60 capable of lifting relative to the Z-direction large slide base 53, a Z-direction routing electric spindle 61 installed on the routing slide base 60, and a routing lifting mechanism 62 for controlling the routing slide base 60 to lift on the Z-direction large slide base 53.

The router magazine apparatus 7 includes a P-axis feed servo mechanism (not shown) for driving the cutter head 70 provided with a plurality of clamping mechanisms to rotate, and a cutter head moving mechanism 71 for driving the cutter head 70 to move in the Y direction. The hollow milling tool library device 7 is installed on the Z-direction large sliding seat 53, and the hollow milling tool library device 7 is matched with the hollow milling machining device 6 to realize automatic tool changing.

The vertical shaft milling device 8 comprises a vertical shaft milling slide seat 80 capable of lifting relative to the Z-direction large slide seat 53, a vertical shaft milling spindle 81, a vertical shaft milling spindle driving device 82, a vertical shaft milling spindle mechanical transmission mechanism, a vertical shaft milling mounting seat 84, a vertical shaft milling lifting mechanism 85 for controlling the vertical shaft milling slide seat 80 to lift on the Z-direction large slide seat 53, and a cutter beating mechanism 86 for controlling the vertical shaft milling spindle 81 to loosen and clamp a cutter. The vertical shaft milling spindle 81, the vertical shaft milling spindle driving device 82, the vertical shaft milling spindle mechanical transmission mechanism 83 and the cutter beating mechanism 86 are installed on a vertical shaft milling installation seat 84, and the vertical shaft milling installation seat 84 is fixed on a vertical shaft milling sliding seat 80.

The horizontal milling device 9 includes a horizontal milling slide 90 which can be lifted relative to the Z-direction large slide 53, a horizontal milling spindle 91, a horizontal milling spindle driving device 92, a horizontal milling spindle mechanical transmission mechanism 93, a horizontal milling spindle steering mechanism which controls the horizontal milling spindle 91 to rotate from 0 ° to 90 °, a horizontal milling spindle positioning mechanism (not shown), and a horizontal milling lifting mechanism 97 which controls the horizontal milling slide 90 to be lifted on the Z-direction large slide 53. The horizontal milling main shaft driving device 92, the horizontal milling main shaft mechanical transmission mechanism 93 and the horizontal milling main shaft 91 are arranged on the horizontal milling main shaft steering mechanism. The horizontal milling device 9 further comprises a horizontal milling mounting seat 94. The horizontal milling spindle steering mechanism comprises a rotating seat 95 and a rotating cylinder 96 for driving the rotating seat 95 to rotate from a 0-degree position to a 90-degree position. The rotary cylinder 96 is mounted on the horizontal milling mount 94, and the rotary base 95 is rotatably mounted on the horizontal milling mount 94. The horizontal milling spindle 91 is mounted on the rotary base 95, and the horizontal milling spindle driving device 92 is mounted together with the rotary base 95.

The routing milling tool library device 7, the routing milling device 6, the vertical shaft milling device 8 and the horizontal milling device 9 are arranged on one side of the Z-direction large sliding seat 53, which is far away from the X-direction sliding seat 51, and are arranged along the X direction.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 3, a control system of a horizontal milling device of a numerical control machining center includes a horizontal milling spindle driving unit, a horizontal milling spindle steering control unit, a horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit, and a horizontal milling elevation control unit, which are connected in parallel with a bus bidirectional control connected to a CNC controller.

The horizontal milling spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a thermal relay, a contactor and an I/O module, wherein the I/O module is connected with a bus in parallel in a bidirectional control mode, the thermal relay is connected with the I/O module in series in a bidirectional control mode, the contactor is connected with the thermal relay in series in a bidirectional control mode, the three-phase motor is connected with the contactor in series in a unidirectional control mode, and the contactor controls the three-phase motor in a unidirectional mode.

The horizontal milling spindle steering control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode; the structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit, the horizontal milling lifting control unit and the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit are the same.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, a control system of a numerical control machining center includes a CNC controller, a data bus and a control bus connected with the CNC controller, a servo control unit, a machine head control unit, a workbench control unit, a strong and weak current control unit, a human-machine interaction interface unit, and a communication unit, which are connected with the data bus and the control bus in a bidirectional control and parallel manner.

A plurality of standardized CNC controller interfaces are arranged on the CNC controller; the servo control unit, the machine head control unit, the workbench control unit, the strong and weak current control unit, the man-machine conversation interface unit and the communication unit are modules which are combined by an open type and modular structure; the standard connector matched with the CNC controller interface is arranged and can be connected with the CNC controller interface in a bidirectional control parallel mode.

A CNC (numerically controlled machine) controller refers to a program control system of a computer numerically controlled machine tool (computer numerical control).

The control system of the numerical control machining center is controlled by using the pulse sequence instructions, only a data bus and a control bus are needed, an address bus is not needed, and the production cost is reduced while quick response and the machining precision and stability of equipment are considered.

The control system is divided into large modules, namely a servo control unit, a machine head control unit, a workbench control unit, a strong and weak current control unit, a man-machine conversation interface unit, a communication unit and the like, and each module is divided into a plurality of small control units.

The six modules can be designed into an open type and modular structure, have standardized interfaces, can be connected with standardized interfaces and remote I/O on a CNC controller, and have universality of hardware and software, high compatibility and strong transportability.

Each module has independent function, the modules of the same kind can be reused and exchanged in a product family, and the arrangement and combination of the related modules can form a final product.

Products with different requirements can be created by selecting and matching the combination configuration of various functional modules, so that the customization requirements of customers are met, and the requirements of the customers on different configurations and the market requirements can be flexibly met; the reuse of the similarity can facilitate the purchasing, manufacturing and maintenance of the whole product.

Modularization, the functions are decomposed, and the coupling performance between the functions is reduced. Therefore, in order to replace a certain module to improve the quality or efficiency, the whole structure cannot be changed, and the workload can be obviously reduced only by changing the corresponding module, so that the application of modularization is the ultimate design of each industry. The modular structure thus has interoperability and portability between machine tools; by providing a standardized interface, communication and interaction mechanism, different function module functions are operated on a system platform by a standard application program interface, and equal mutual operation capability is obtained to coordinate work; the unified data format, interaction model and control mechanism are applied, each function module forming the system can come from different developers, and each function module can run on hardware platforms provided by different suppliers through consistent equipment interfaces, thereby being beneficial to shortening the development period, controlling the development cost and the like.

The advantage of dividing each module into a plurality of small control units is:

1. the structure is more reasonable: the control system of the machine adopts each module to be divided into a plurality of small control units, the layout of each small control unit is more reasonable and scientific, the functions of each part can be well exerted, and the service life of the machine is prolonged.

2. Designing an optimization control system: each part of the control system is designed into a small control unit, and then a plurality of small control units are combined into a module, so that the design of the control system can be simplified and optimized.

3. The maintenance is simpler: each part of the machine is a small control unit, the machine has problems, the diagnosis can be quickly carried out, only the corresponding small control unit needs to be replaced, and the operation is simple.

As shown in fig. 5, the servo control unit includes a Y-axis feed servo system for driving the worktable to slide back and forth along the base in the Y-direction, an X-axis feed servo system for driving the routing processing device, the vertical axis milling processing device, the horizontal milling processing device, and the routing library device to slide back and forth along the cross beam in the X-direction, and a Z-axis feed servo system for driving the routing processing device, the vertical axis milling processing device, the horizontal milling processing device, and the routing library device to slide back and forth in the Z-direction; a P-axis feeding servo system for driving the cutter head provided with a plurality of clamping mechanisms to rotate; the Y-axis feeding servo system, the X-axis feeding servo system, the Z-axis feeding servo system and the P-axis feeding servo system are all semi-closed loop feeding servo systems and are connected with a data bus and a control bus which are connected with a CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel mode.

The X-axis feeding servo system comprises an A/D module, a D/A module, a servo driving device, a servo motor, a position detection device, a speed detection device, a position feedback module and a speed feedback module which are connected in series in sequence in a bidirectional control mode, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a data bus and a control bus in a bidirectional control mode in parallel, and the position feedback module and the speed feedback module are connected with the data bus and the control bus in a bidirectional control mode in parallel.

The Y-axis feeding servo system, the Z-axis feeding servo system and the P-axis feeding servo system have the same structure, control mode and connection mode as those of the X-axis feeding servo system.

The A/D module is a module for converting analog signals into digital signals; the D/A module is a module for converting digital signals into analog signals. The I/O module is an input/output module.

The feeding servo system with the structure does not need an address bus for the feeding servo system controlled by the pulse sequence command, and reduces the production cost while considering the quick response of the servo system and the processing precision and stability of equipment.

The CNC controller uses bi-directional control with all feed servos through a data bus and a control bus.

The servo motor of the feed servo system is connected to a gear, a lead screw, or the like, and converts a rotational motion into a linear displacement of the moving member through these mechanical transmission mechanisms, thereby indirectly controlling the moving speed and the displacement of the moving member. This structure is called "semi-closed loop control" because only the angular displacement of the motor is closed-loop controlled and the final output linear displacement is not closed-loop controlled. The semi-closed loop feeding servo system is simple in structure, convenient to debug, high in equipment stability and high in precision, the machining precision of the semi-closed loop feeding servo system can be within 0.02mm and exceeds the machining precision of the woodworking standard by 0.1mm, and the precision requirement of wood machining can be completely met.

As shown in fig. 6, the machine head control unit includes a routing electric spindle driving unit, a routing lifting control unit, a cutter head movement control unit, a vertical spindle milling driving unit, a vertical spindle milling lifting control unit, a cutting mechanism control unit, a horizontal spindle milling driving unit, a horizontal spindle milling lifting control unit, a horizontal spindle milling steering control unit, and a horizontal spindle milling positioning control unit, which are connected in parallel with a data bus and a control bus connected to the CNC controller in a bidirectional control manner.

The routing electric spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a motor driving device, an A/D module and a D/A module, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a data bus and a control bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the motor driving device is connected with the A/D module and the D/A module in a bidirectional control and series mode, the motor is connected with the motor driving device in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the motor driving device controls the motor in a unidirectional mode.

The structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit and the routing electric spindle driving unit are the same.

The horizontal milling spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a thermal relay, a contactor and an I/O module, wherein the I/O module is connected with a data bus and a control bus in a bidirectional control parallel mode, the thermal relay is connected with the I/O module in a bidirectional control series mode, the contactor is connected with the thermal relay in a bidirectional control series mode, a three-phase motor is connected with the contactor in a unidirectional control series mode, and the contactor is used for unidirectionally controlling the three-phase motor.

The routing lifting control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a double-acting air cylinder with a built-in magnetic ring and two sensors arranged along the axial direction of the air cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the data bus and the control bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

The vertical shaft milling lifting control unit, the horizontal milling lifting control unit and the routing lifting control unit have the same structure, control mode and connection mode.

The structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the cutter head movement control unit, the vertical shaft milling lifting control unit, the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit, the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit and the routing lifting control unit are the same.

The knife striking mechanism control unit comprises a double-acting air cylinder with a built-in magnetic ring, a sensor arranged on the air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and an I/O module; the I/O module is connected with the data bus and the control bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the sensor is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the sensor controls the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

The machine head realizes X-axis feed motion and Z-axis feed motion by an X-axis feed servo system and a Z-axis feed servo system of a servo system, and is provided with a routing main shaft with automatic tool changing, a manual tool changing vertical shaft milling main shaft with variable frequency and adjustable speed, and a horizontal water milling main shaft with fixed speed.

The engraving and milling main shaft is controlled by a CNC controller through an A/D module and a D/A module to drive a frequency converter positioned in an electrical cabinet, so that the functions of speed regulation and forward and reverse rotation are achieved; the plate can be processed by edge following, shape milling, space carving and the like.

The vertical shaft milling spindle is controlled by a CNC controller through an A/D module and a frequency converter in a D/A module drive electrical cabinet, so that the speed regulation function is achieved. The surfaces around the plate can be processed. In order to realize the functions of clamping and loosening the cutter, the vertical shaft milling spindle is provided with a cutter beating cylinder, a CNC controller reads an NC instruction and sends a signal to an electromagnetic valve through a control bus, the electromagnetic valve drives the cylinder to realize the action of beating the cutter, and through the action, the cutter on the spindle can be dismounted, and the function of changing the cutter manually is realized.

And the horizontal milling main shaft is started and stopped by controlling the contactor through the I/O module by the CNC controller. In order to realize the switching of the processing direction of the horizontal milling main shaft, the horizontal milling main shaft is provided with a horizontal milling main shaft steering control unit which controls the horizontal milling main shaft to finish the position from 0 degree to 90 degrees. The CNC controller reads an NC instruction, sends a signal to the electromagnetic valve through the control bus, and controls the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit to rotate for 90 degrees, so that the horizontal milling spindle is controlled to complete rotation from a 0-degree position to a 90-degree position. Meanwhile, in order that the rotated cylinder can keep a stable position in the machining process, a horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit is added and used for locking the position of the current horizontal milling spindle. When the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit rotates to the position, the CNC controller immediately sends an instruction to the electromagnetic valve through the control bus, so that the cylinder of the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit extends out, and the horizontal milling spindle is locked through the mechanical structure.

All the processing devices are provided with lifting control units, all the lifting control units are provided with a double-acting air cylinder with a built-in magnetic ring, two sensors are arranged along the axial direction of the air cylinder, and an air cylinder shaft of the air cylinder of the processing device which does not need to be processed retracts, so that a cutter of the processing device which does not need to be processed is positioned at the highest set position; the cylinder shaft of the cylinder of the processing device to be processed extends out, so that the cutter of the processing device to be processed is at the lowest set position, and is lower than the other two processing devices, and the cutter of the other two processing devices cannot interfere with a workpiece when the main shaft cutter is processed. The action of the cylinder is to read an NC command through the controller, send a signal to the electromagnetic valve through the control bus and control the action of the electromagnetic valve, thereby completing the lifting of the corresponding main shaft. The main shaft is lifted and lowered by the cylinder, so that the interference of the cutters of other two main shafts with the workpiece during processing can be avoided.

The tool magazine structure is that a servo motor of a P-axis feeding servo system drives a cutter disc to rotate, 8 cutters can be placed on the cutter disc, and the tool magazine is provided with an air cylinder and can finish the forward and backward movement, so that the automatic tool changing movement is finished in a matching manner.

The equipment is additionally provided with a vertical shaft milling device and a horizontal milling device which can rotate, except for an automatic tool changing and routing device, and can process the top surface and four side surfaces of solid wood, so that the processing efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 7, the worktable control unit includes a vacuum pump control unit, a worktable left area vacuum negative pressure detection unit, a worktable right area vacuum negative pressure detection unit, at least one set of X-direction positioning control unit for positioning the workpiece in the X direction, and at least one set of Y-direction positioning control unit for positioning the workpiece in the Y direction, which are connected in parallel with the data bus and the control bus connected to the CNC controller for bidirectional control.

The vacuum pump control unit comprises a thermal relay, a contactor, a vacuum pump three-phase motor, a left vacuum electromagnetic valve, a right vacuum electromagnetic valve, a workbench left area and a workbench right area; the thermal relay is connected with a data bus and a control bus which are connected with a CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the contactor is connected with the thermal relay in a bidirectional control and series mode, the vacuum pump three-phase motor is connected with the contactor in a unidirectional control and series mode, the left vacuum electromagnetic valve is connected with the vacuum pump three-phase motor in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, the left area of the workbench is connected with the left vacuum electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the right area of the workbench is connected with the vacuum pump three-phase motor. The contactor controls the three-phase motor of the vacuum pump in a one-way mode; the vacuum pump three-phase motor unidirectionally controls a left vacuum electromagnetic valve, and the left vacuum electromagnetic valve unidirectionally controls the left area of the workbench; the vacuum pump three-phase motor controls the right vacuum electromagnetic valve in a one-way mode, and the right vacuum electromagnetic valve controls the right area of the workbench in a one-way mode.

The vacuum negative pressure detection unit of the left area of the workbench comprises an I/O module and a vacuum detection device; the I/O module is connected with a data bus and a control bus which are connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the vacuum detection device is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the vacuum detection device controls the I/O module in a unidirectional mode. The structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the workbench right area vacuum negative pressure detection unit and the workbench left area vacuum negative pressure detection unit are the same.

The X-direction positioning control unit comprises a double-acting air cylinder with a built-in magnetic ring, a sensor arranged on the air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and an I/O module; the I/O module is connected with the data bus and the control bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the sensor is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the sensor controls the I/O module in a unidirectional mode; the Y-direction positioning control unit and the X-direction positioning control unit have the same structure, control mode and connection mode.

As shown in fig. 8, the control system further includes an industrial personal computer; the communication unit comprises an EtherCAT bus and an Ethernet which are connected with the CNC in a bidirectional control and series mode; the I/O module is connected with the CNC controller in series in a bidirectional control mode through an EtherCAT bus; the industrial personal computer is in bidirectional control serial connection with the CNC controller through the Ethernet; the factory local area network is connected with the industrial personal computer in series through Ethernet bidirectional control.

EtherCAT (Ethernet for Control Automation technology) is a real-time industrial field bus communication protocol based on the development framework of Ethernet.

The numerical control system adopts a mode of combining various buses, and besides EtherCAT, the numerical control system also has an industrial Ethernet protocol. By adopting EtherCAT, the method has the advantages of high performance, flexible topological structure, easy application, low cost, high-precision equipment synchronization, selectable cable redundancy, functional safety protocol, hot plug and the like.

The industrial personal computer is provided with two network cards, one network card is connected with the CNC controller through the Ethernet, so that the communication of a human-computer interface is realized, and a user can intuitively and simply control equipment through the industrial personal computer; and the other network card can be accessed to the local area network of the user and shares the processing information with the server of the user.

As shown in fig. 9, the human-machine interaction interface unit includes a button board control unit, a hand pulse generator unit, a keyboard control unit and a display control unit, which are connected in parallel with the industrial personal computer, and are connected in parallel with a data bus and a control bus which are connected with the CNC controller.

The button plate control unit comprises an I/O module and a button plate; the I/O module is connected with a data bus and a control bus which are connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control parallel connection mode, and the button board is connected with the I/O module in a bidirectional control series connection mode.

The hand-operated pulse generator unit comprises a hand-operated pulse generator interface and a hand-operated pulse generator; the hand-operated pulse generator is connected with the hand-operated pulse generator interface in a unidirectional control series manner, and the hand-operated pulse generator interface is controlled by the hand-operated pulse generator in a unidirectional manner; the interface of the hand pulse generator is connected with the data bus and the control bus which are connected with the CNC controller in a one-way control and parallel connection mode, and the interface of the hand pulse generator controls the CNC controller in a one-way control mode.

The keyboard control unit comprises a keyboard interface and a keyboard; the keyboard is connected with the keyboard interface in a unidirectional control series connection way; the keyboard interface is connected with the industrial personal computer in a one-way control parallel mode and controls the industrial personal computer in a one-way mode.

The display control unit comprises a display and a display interface; the display is connected with the display interface in a unidirectional control series mode, and the display interface controls the display in a unidirectional mode; the display interface is connected with the industrial personal computer in parallel in a one-way control mode, and the industrial personal computer controls the display interface in a one-way mode.

The controller is connected with the I/O module through a data bus, the control panel is connected with the I/O module, and a user can control the equipment through various buttons on the control panel.

The controller is connected with the hand wheel pulse generator through a data bus, and a user can manually control the movement of the servo shaft of the equipment through the hand wheel.

The controller is connected with an industrial personal computer through Ethernet, control software is installed on the industrial personal computer, and a user can draw, program or further operate equipment through equipment such as a keyboard, a mouse and the like.

The utility model discloses a new generation industrial control computer technology. The PXI Express bus technology is used as a core, a WinCE 6.0 operating system and a graphic programming language can be used, rich external interfaces and plug and play functions are provided, and key technologies of a new generation of high-availability industrial control computer with high safety and strong fault tolerance capability and the like can be formed.

The utility model discloses field bus EtherCAT and accord with IEEE802.3 based on accord with international, domestic mainstream technical standard

The international standard industrial Ethernet is a comprehensive automatic control unit which is oriented to the multifunctional configuration software in the continuous production process and has a software simulation technology and a redundancy fault-tolerant function.

Compared with the traditional machining center, the utility model discloses increased industrial computer (industrial computer), optimized controller front end control software, made human-computer interaction more directly perceived, the programming just can be accomplished to the equipment end, changes in the operation.

Compared with the traditional machining center, the utility model discloses increased the industrial computer, used ethernet TCP/IP agreement, can be connected with user's LAN, the user can office programming, remote transmission NC procedure, field processing, convenient and fast.

The functions realized by the X-axis feeding servo system specifically comprise:

the X axis returns to zero, namely, when the machine is started, the machine head moves to the original position;

the routing processing device follows the edge processing, and the X-axis feeds;

when the shape milling processing is carried out by the routing processing device, the X-axis feeding motion is carried out;

when the routing and milling device performs routing and carving, the X-axis moves in a feeding way;

when the vertical shaft milling device carries out planing processing on the surfaces around the workpiece, X-axis feeding motion is carried out;

when the vertical shaft milling device is used for tool changing, the vertical shaft milling device is moved to a set tool changing position;

when the horizontal milling device carries out planing processing on the top surface of the workpiece, the X-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device saw cuts the top surface of the workpiece, the X-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device drills holes on the surfaces around the workpiece, the horizontal milling device is moved to a machining position and is kept at the machining position;

the functions realized by the Y-axis feeding servo system specifically comprise:

the Y axis returns to zero, namely, the workbench moves to the original position when the machine is started;

the routing processing device follows the edge processing, and the Y-axis feeds;

when the shape milling processing is carried out by the routing processing device, the Y-axis feeding motion is carried out;

during routing and engraving of the routing and engraving device, the Y-axis feeds;

when the vertical shaft milling device carries out planing processing on the surfaces around the workpiece, the Y-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device carries out planing processing on the top surface of the workpiece, the Y-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device saw cuts the top surface of the workpiece, the Y-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device drills holes on the surfaces around the workpiece, the horizontal milling device is moved to a machining position and is kept at the machining position;

the functions realized by the Z-axis feed motion servo system specifically comprise:

z-axis zeroing: when the machine is started, the upper machine head moves to the original position;

when the routing machining device is used for processing along the edge, the Z axis moves and is kept at a machining position;

when the shape milling processing is carried out by the routing processing device, the Z axis moves and is kept at a processing position;

when the routing and milling device performs routing and carving, the Z-axis moves in a feeding way;

when the routing machining device automatically changes the tool, the Z shaft moves to a set position;

when the vertical shaft milling device carries out planing processing on the surfaces around the workpiece, the Z shaft moves and is kept at a processing position;

when the horizontal milling device carries out planing processing on the top surface of the workpiece, the Z-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device saw cuts the top surface of the workpiece, the Z-axis feeds;

when the horizontal milling device drills holes on the surfaces around the workpiece, the Z axis moves and is kept at a processing position;

the P-axis feed motion servo system realizes the following functions:

the P axis returns to zero, and when the machine is started, the tool magazine rotates to the original position;

when the routing machining device automatically changes the tool, the shaft P rotates to a set position;

the functions realized by the routing lifting control unit, the vertical shaft milling lifting control unit and the horizontal milling lifting control unit specifically comprise:

when a workpiece is prepared to be machined, the routing machining device, the vertical shaft milling machining device and the horizontal milling machining device are driven by the routing lifting mechanism, the vertical shaft milling lifting mechanism and the horizontal milling lifting mechanism respectively to rise to the highest set position;

one processing device needing processing descends to the lowest set position under the driving of the lifting mechanism of the processing device, and the other two processing devices which do not need processing are kept at the highest set position;

the functions realized by the knife striking mechanism control unit specifically comprise:

when the vertical shaft milling device is manually changed, the cutter of the vertical shaft milling device is clamped and loosened.

The functions realized by the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit specifically comprise:

and the horizontal milling main shaft is rotated by 90 degrees, and the cutter of the horizontal milling device is processed along different directions of the X direction or the Y direction.

The functions realized by the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit specifically comprise:

the horizontal milling main shaft rotates to a processing position, so that the function of locking the horizontal milling main shaft at the processing position is realized, and the horizontal milling main shaft is passively rotated without external force;

the functions realized by the tool magazine movement control unit specifically include:

the cutter head can move forward and backward, and the automatic tool changing action of the routing spindle is assisted to be completed;

the functions realized by the X-direction positioning control unit and the Y-direction positioning control unit specifically comprise:

the positioning cylinders of the X-direction positioning control unit and the Y-direction positioning control unit form a right angle, so that the workpiece can be accurately positioned, and the function of positioning the workpiece is completed.

Above, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to limit the present invention in any form, although the present invention has been disclosed with the preferred embodiment, but not to limit the present invention, those skilled in the art can make modifications or equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes when using the above disclosed technical content without departing from the technical scope of the present invention, but all the modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principle of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a numerical control machining center's horizontal milling processingequipment's control system which characterized in that: the horizontal milling machine spindle comprises a horizontal milling spindle driving unit, a horizontal milling spindle steering control unit and a horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control parallel connection of a CNC controller.

2. The control system of the horizontal milling device of the numerical control machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal milling spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a thermal relay, a contactor and an I/O module, wherein the I/O module is connected with a bus in a bidirectional control parallel mode, the thermal relay is connected with the I/O module in a bidirectional control series mode, the contactor is connected with the thermal relay in a bidirectional control series mode, a three-phase motor is connected with the contactor in a unidirectional control series mode, and the contactor is used for unidirectionally controlling the three-phase motor.

3. The control system of the horizontal milling device of the numerical control machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode;

the structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the horizontal milling spindle positioning control unit and the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit are the same.

4. The control system of the horizontal milling device of the numerical control machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: the horizontal milling machine is characterized by further comprising a horizontal milling lifting control unit for driving the horizontal milling processing device to lift, and the structure, control mode and connection mode of the horizontal milling lifting control unit and the horizontal milling spindle steering control unit are the same.

5. A machine head control unit of a numerical control machining center including the horizontal milling machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the machine head control unit also comprises a routing electric spindle driving unit and a routing lifting control unit which are connected with the bus bidirectional control parallel connection of the CNC controller.

6. The head control unit of a numerical control machining center as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the machine head control unit also comprises a cutter head movement control unit which is connected with a bus which is connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel manner;

the routing electric spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a motor driving device, an A/D module and a D/A module, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the motor driving device is connected with the A/D module and the D/A module in a bidirectional control and series mode, the motor is connected with the motor driving device in a unidirectional control and series mode, and the motor driving device controls the motor in a unidirectional mode;

the routing lifting control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control and parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control and series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control and parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode;

the structure, the control mode and the connection mode of the cutter head movement control unit and the routing lifting control unit are the same.

7. The head control unit of a numerical control machining center as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the machine head control unit also comprises a vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit and a vertical shaft milling lifting control unit which are connected with a bus bidirectional control parallel connection of a CNC controller.

8. The head control unit of a numerical control machining center as set forth in claim 7, wherein:

the vertical shaft milling spindle driving unit comprises a motor, a motor driving device, an A/D module and a D/A module, wherein the A/D module and the D/A module are connected with a bus in parallel in a bidirectional control mode;

the vertical shaft milling lifting control unit comprises an I/O module, an electromagnetic valve, a cylinder and two sensors arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder; the I/O module is connected with the bus in a bidirectional control parallel mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control series mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional control series mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the two sensors are connected with the I/O module in a unidirectional control parallel mode, and the sensors control the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

9. The head control unit of a numerical control machining center as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the machine head control unit also comprises a knife beating mechanism control unit which is connected with a bus which is connected with the CNC controller in a bidirectional control and parallel manner; the control unit of the unclamping mechanism comprises an air cylinder, a sensor arranged on the air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and an I/O module; the I/O module is connected with the bus in parallel in a bidirectional control mode, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the I/O module in series in a unidirectional control mode, the I/O module controls the electromagnetic valve in a unidirectional mode, the air cylinder is connected with the electromagnetic valve in series in a unidirectional control mode, the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder in a unidirectional mode, the sensor is connected with the I/O module in series in a unidirectional control mode, and the sensor controls the I/O module in a unidirectional mode.

10. The head control unit of a numerical control machining center according to claim 6, 8 or 9, characterized in that: the bus is a data bus and a control bus;

the cylinders are double-acting cylinders with built-in magnetic rings;

a plurality of standardized CNC controller interfaces are arranged on the CNC controller; the machine head control unit is a module formed by combining an open type modular structure; the standard connector matched with the CNC controller interface is arranged and can be connected with the CNC controller interface in a bidirectional control parallel mode.

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