CN210269096U

CN210269096U - Rim acceleration type tire impact test device

Info

Publication number: CN210269096U
Application number: CN201920729358.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李新贺; 李松梅
Original assignee: Qingdao University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Qingdao University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-05-21
Filing date: 2019-05-21
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rim formula tire impact test device with higher speed, include: the device comprises a frame, a tire accelerating device, a tire supporting device and a reverse impact device; the rack is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation of a laboratory through foundation bolts; the base of the tire accelerating device is installed on a side frame of the frame through bolts; the base of the tire supporting device is mounted on the inner side surface of the top of the rack through bolts and is connected with a clutch gear ring I of the tire accelerating device through a half clutch on a hub; the reverse impact device is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation below the tire supporting device through foundation bolts; the utility model overcomes the problem that the connection can not be realized due to impact deformation when the spindle is directly connected; the automatic separation is realized by adopting a rim acceleration mode, the automation degree is higher, the counter-impact part impacts from bottom to top, the upper space of the device is saved, the impact distance is increased, and the impact of high speed and large impact force is realized.

Description

Rim acceleration type tire impact test device

Technical Field

The invention relates to acceleration of tires, a process of impacting and acquiring data of accelerated tires, in particular to a rim acceleration type tire impact test device.

Background

The economy of China is rapidly developed, and automobiles become indispensable transportation tools for people, so that new requirements on the quality of tires are provided; road conditions in China are complex, particularly in remote mountain driving, the impact damage to tires is more serious, and therefore the impact resistance of the tires is urgently to be inspected; the device realizes the automation of a series of functions of acceleration, impact and data collection, and avoids the problem that the connection cannot be realized due to impact deformation when the device is directly connected with the main shaft; the accelerating part of the device consists of a specific driving wheel, automatic separation can be realized, the automation degree is higher, the counter-impact part impacts from bottom to top, the upper space of the device is saved, the impact distance is increased, and high-speed impact with large impulsive force can be realized; the device is equipped with the sensor simultaneously, and data acquisition at any time guarantees high efficiency, accuracy, the automation of experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a high-rotating-speed and high-impact tire reverse impact device which is high in process automation and accurate in data acquisition.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a rim acceleration type tire impact test device, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, a tire accelerating device, a tire supporting device and a reverse impact device; the rack is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation of a laboratory through foundation bolts; the base of the tire accelerating device is installed on a side frame of the frame through bolts; the base of the tire supporting device is mounted on the inner side surface of the top of the rack through bolts and is connected with a clutch gear ring I of the tire accelerating device through a half clutch on a hub; the reverse impact device is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation below the tire supporting device through foundation bolts; the tire accelerating device accelerates the tire of the tire supporting device, automatically and quickly separates from the tire after meeting the requirement of specified speed, and the reverse impact device impacts the tire with the speed upwards and records a two-way impact force value; the rack is formed by welding high-strength square steel pipes, and stress removal treatment is performed before welding, so that welding deformation is reduced; the whole rack is in a cuboid shape, and the top cross beam steel plate is in a cross shape and used for mounting the tire supporting device; a longitudinal square steel plate is welded in the middle of the rack and used for mounting the tire accelerating device, a cuboid-shaped fixed supporting leg is welded at the bottom of the rack, and two through holes are formed in two ends of the fixed supporting leg and used for being connected with a ground foundation; and a control box is further fixed on a cross beam at the side edge of the middle part of the rack, is of a square structure and controls the operation and the running of the whole device.

Further, the tire accelerating device includes: the device comprises a workbench base, a linear guide rail, a mounting rack I, a stepping motor, a clutch gear ring I, a gear and a rack; the base of the workbench is a cuboid steel plate with five through holes on two sides, and is fixedly arranged on a square steel plate in the middle of the rack through bolt connection; two linear guide rails are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the workbench base through bolts; the mounting frame I is of a structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', four through holes are formed in the bottom surface of the mounting frame I respectively and used for mounting a sliding block of the linear guide rail, two vertical planes in the middle of the mounting frame I are welded into a whole and then are horizontally bored for mounting a supporting shaft and a bearing of the gear, and four bolt holes are formed in the upper top surface of the mounting frame I and used for mounting a base of the motor; step motor passes through bolt fixed mounting in one side of mounting bracket I "article" word structure is downthehole, its output shaft pass through the shaft coupling with the back shaft of gear is connected, step motor has self-locking function, guarantees the meshing of separation and reunion ring gear.

Furthermore, the clutch gear ring I is of a ring gear ring structure, tooth-shaped teeth inclined by 45 degrees are processed on the gear ring, after acceleration is finished, due to the difference of the rotating speeds of the two clutch gear rings, the interaction force generated on the meshing surface is decomposed into a circumferential force and an axial force, the two clutch gear rings are quickly separated under the action of the axial force, and an inner spline groove is formed in a shaft hole of the clutch gear ring I and connected with an outer spline of an output shaft of the motor, so that large torque is transmitted; countersunk holes are formed in the two ends of the rack and are connected and installed on the workbench base through bolts, and the rack is meshed with the gear; during operation, step motor drive the gear is in rotate on the rack, thereby make separation and reunion ring gear I move forward, realize with tire strutting arrangement's separation and reunion ring gear II is connected, after connecting step motor auto-lock guarantees the ring gear meshing, motor circular telegram drive separation and reunion ring gear I high rotatory realizes tire of tire strutting arrangement accelerates, accomplishes the back with higher speed the motor outage, simultaneously step motor removes the auto-lock, because the rotational speed difference of two separation and reunion ring gears, the interaction power that produces on the mating surface decomposes into circumference power and axial force, at the effect of axial force two separation and reunion ring gear quick separation, makes tire accelerating arrangement automatic retrusion, realize with the separation and reunion of tire strutting arrangement.

Further, the tire supporting device includes: the buffer support arm, the tire support shaft, the tire, the clutch gear ring II, the hoop and the sliding sleeve rod are arranged on the buffer support arm; the buffering support arm adopts a hydraulic buffering mode, the top is a fixed end, the lower part is a telescopic end, a flange disc with four through holes is processed at the top, a connecting shaft hole is processed at the bottom, and the flange disc is fixed on a cross-shaped frame at the top of the rack through bolts; one end of the tire supporting shaft is arranged in a connecting shaft hole of the buffer supporting arm in an interference fit mode, the other end of the tire supporting shaft is connected with the tire through a rolling bearing, shaft end positioning is carried out in a mode of a round nut and a stop washer, the rolling bearing is a double-row deep groove ball bearing, a bearing inner ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with the tire supporting shaft, an outer ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with a hub shaft hole of the tire, and eight threaded holes are formed in the outer edges of two sides of a; the inner side of the ring of the clutch gear ring II is provided with eight connecting through holes which are symmetrically arranged and connected on two sides of the hub of the tire through screws so as to realize symmetrical and stable operation; the hoop consists of two semicircular rings, two pairs of hoops are arranged at two ends of each semicircular ring, and the hoops are respectively fastened on the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffer support arm through bolt connection; the pair of sliding sleeve rods is provided, each sliding sleeve rod is composed of a sleeve, two sliding rods and two needle roller bearings, connecting lugs with through holes are machined on the sleeves and are respectively connected with anchor ears installed at the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffering support arm through bolts, the two needle roller bearings are respectively installed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sliding rods are connected with the sleeves through the needle roller bearings to form a sliding pair.

Further, the reverse impact device includes: the device comprises an impact base, a guide rod, a fixed collar, an impact top plate, a suspension top plate, a pressing plate, a buffer support, a mounting rack II, an oil cylinder and a connecting rod structure; the impact base is processed into a square frame structure by adopting a casting mode, a cross beam for reinforcing is welded in the middle of the impact base, two fixing through holes which are vertically downward are processed on each edge of the frame, an installation cylinder and a connecting lug are respectively processed on two longitudinal edges of the frame, threaded holes are processed on two transverse edges and the middle part of the cross beam, and the fixing through holes which are vertically downward are connected with a ground foundation through bolts and are positioned right below a tire; the two guide rods are arranged in the installation cylinder of the impact base; the two fixing collars are cylindrical and are provided with connecting end faces with threaded holes, the fixing collars are arranged on the guide rods in an interference fit mode, and the connecting end faces are fixed on a middle cross beam of the rack through screw connection to play a limiting role; the impact top plate is processed into a cuboid structure in a casting mode, a square empty groove is formed in the front side of the impact top plate, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back side of the impact top plate, bosses with through holes are respectively processed on the two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate, connecting lugs are arranged at the lower ends of the bosses, bosses are respectively processed on the two transverse sides of the impact top plate, mounting grooves are formed in the lower ends of the bosses, the through holes in the two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate are connected to the guide rods through linear bearings, and the mounting grooves in the bottom ends of the bosses on; the suspension top plate is connected with and suspended in a square empty groove of the impact top plate through four uniformly distributed springs, four vertical pressure sensors are uniformly distributed between the suspension top plate and the impact top plate, two horizontal pressure sensors are respectively mounted on two symmetrical side edges of the suspension top plate and the impact top plate, and the acquisition of the vertical quantity and the horizontal quantity of the impact force is realized; the pressing sheets are symmetrically fixed on the impact top plate through bolts, and the tested sample plate is pressed on the suspension top plate through the pressing sheets; the two buffer supporting columns are fixed on the impact base through bolts; the connecting rod structure has two sets, comprises two connecting rods and a "concave" type engaging lug respectively, and open the terminal surface of "concave" type engaging lug has the round hole, connecting rod structure's connecting rod is connected through articulated mode one end on the engaging lug of the vertical both sides boss bottom surface of impact roof, one end is connected on the engaging lug of the vertical both sides of impact base, "concave" type engaging lug connects in the junction of two connecting rods through articulated mode, and the round hole of terminal surface is installed on the push rod of hydro-cylinder to fix through the mode of packing ring and pin.

Furthermore, the mounting frame II is of a square cylinder structure, a cuboid hollow is machined in the middle of the mounting frame II, six through holes are symmetrically machined in two sides of the hollow, a cylinder is installed in each through hole through interference fit, a needle bearing is installed on each cylinder to form two rows of symmetrically arranged needle bearings, three springs which are arranged in parallel are fixed at the bottom of the cuboid hollow, a vertical plate with four through holes in the top is placed in the middle of the symmetrically arranged needle bearings, circumferential position fixing is carried out through the six needle bearings and the hollow side wall, a flange plate is further machined at the bottom of the mounting frame II, and the flange plate is installed on a cross beam of the impact base through screw connection; the two oil cylinders are oppositely arranged on the vertical plate of the mounting frame II through long rod bolts, during impact, the oil cylinders push the two lower connecting rods of the connecting rod structures to upwards swing around the connecting lugs on the impact base, meanwhile, the swinging of the two lower connecting rods drives the oil cylinders and the vertical plate to do ascending motion together, when impact is completed and rebounded, the push rods of the oil cylinders retract, the two lower connecting rods downwards swing around the connecting lugs on the impact base, simultaneously drive the oil cylinders and the vertical plate to do descending motion, and uniformly distributed springs arranged at the hollow bottom buffer the descending of the vertical plate; when the device works, the oil cylinder rapidly pushes the connecting rod structure to expand, so that the impact top plate moves upwards to impact a tire with high speed, the horizontal pressure sensor at the impact moment obtains the horizontal impact force and the friction force between the tire rotating at high speed and a tested sample plate, the vertical pressure sensor obtains the vertical impact force of the suspension top plate on the tire rotating at high speed, and the tested sample plate is subjected to performance evaluation according to the change of the force value.

The invention relates to a rim acceleration type tire impact test device, which has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the rim acceleration type tire impact test device has high automation and accurate experiment;

(2) the tire accelerating device uses a specific clutch gear ring, is safe and reliable in meshing acceleration, and realizes quick and automatic separation by virtue of axial force generated by the tire accelerating device.

(3) The reverse impact device of the invention impacts from bottom to top, has long impact distance and large impact force, and can realize impacts with different requirements.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the invention relates to a general assembly diagram of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 2: the invention relates to a side view of a tire accelerating device of a rim accelerating type tire impact test device;

FIG. 3: the invention relates to a rear view of a tire acceleration device of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 4: the invention relates to a clutch gear ring I of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 5: the invention relates to a mounting rack I of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 6: the invention relates to a left view of a tire supporting device of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 7: the invention relates to a right view of a tire supporting device of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 8: the invention relates to a clutch gear ring II of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 9: the invention relates to a reverse impact device of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 10: the invention relates to a top view of an impact top plate of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 11: the invention relates to an impact top plate bottom view of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 12: the invention relates to a suspended top plate of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

FIG. 13: the invention relates to a mounting rack II of a rim acceleration type tire impact test device;

in the figure: 1-frame, 2-tire accelerating device, 3-tire supporting device, 4-reverse impact device, 21-workbench base, 22-linear guide rail, 23-mounting frame I, 24-stepping motor, 25-motor, 26-clutch gear ring I, 27-gear, 28-rack, 31-buffer support arm, 32-tire support shaft, 33-tire, 34-clutch gear ring II, 35-hoop, 36-sliding loop bar, 41-impact base, 42-guide bar, 43-fixed collar, 44-impact top plate, 45-suspension top plate, 46-pressing plate, 47-buffer support column, 48-mounting frame II, 49-oil cylinder, 50-connecting rod structure.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, a rim acceleration type tire impact test apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a frame 1, a tire accelerating device 2, a tire supporting device 3 and a reverse impact device 4; the rack 1 is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation of a laboratory through foundation bolts; the base of the tire accelerating device 2 is mounted on a side frame of the frame 1 through bolts; the base of the tire supporting device 3 is mounted on the inner side surface of the top of the frame 1 through bolts and is connected with a clutch gear ring I26 of the tire accelerating device 2 through a half clutch on a hub; the reverse impact device 4 is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation below the tire supporting device 3 through foundation bolts; the tire accelerating device 2 accelerates the tire of the tire supporting device 3, automatically and quickly separates from the tire after reaching the specified speed requirement, and the reverse impact device 4 impacts the tire with the speed upwards and records a bidirectional impact force value; the rack 1 is formed by welding high-strength square steel pipes, and stress removal treatment is performed before welding to reduce welding deformation; the whole frame 1 is in a cuboid shape, and a top cross beam steel plate is in a cross shape and used for mounting the tire supporting device 3; a longitudinal square steel plate is welded in the middle of the rack 1 and used for mounting the tire accelerating device 2, a cuboid-shaped fixed supporting leg is welded at the bottom of the rack 1, and two through holes are formed in two ends of the fixed supporting leg and used for being connected with a ground foundation; a control box 11 is further fixed on a cross beam at the side edge of the middle part of the rack, and the control box 11 is of a square structure and controls the operation of the whole device; the tire accelerating device 2 includes: the device comprises a workbench base 21, a linear guide rail 22, a mounting rack I23, a stepping motor 24, a motor 25, a clutch gear ring I26, a gear 27 and a rack 28; the workbench base 21 is a rectangular steel plate with five through holes on two sides, and is fixedly arranged on a square steel plate in the middle of the rack 1 through bolt connection; two linear guide rails 22 are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the workbench base 21 through bolts; the mounting frame I23 is of a structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', the bottom surface of the mounting frame I23 is provided with four through holes respectively for mounting a slide block of the linear guide rail 22, two vertical planes in the middle of the mounting frame I23 are welded into a whole and then are horizontally bored for mounting a support shaft and a bearing of the gear 27, and the upper top surface of the mounting frame I23 is provided with four bolt holes for mounting a base of the motor 25; the stepping motor 24 is fixedly installed in a side hole of the I23-shaped structure of the mounting frame through a bolt, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a supporting shaft of the gear 27 through a coupler, and the stepping motor 24 has a self-locking function and ensures the engagement of a clutch gear ring; the clutch gear ring I26 is of a ring gear ring structure, tooth-shaped teeth inclined by 45 degrees are processed on the gear ring, after acceleration is finished, due to the rotating speed difference of the two clutch gear rings, the interaction force generated on the meshing surface is decomposed into a circumferential force and an axial force, the two clutch gear rings are quickly separated under the action of the axial force, an inner spline groove is formed in a shaft hole of the clutch gear ring I26 and is connected with an outer spline of an output shaft of the motor 25, and transmission of large torque is achieved; countersunk holes are formed in the two ends of the rack 28 and are connected and mounted on the workbench base 21 through bolts, and the rack 28 is meshed with the gear 27; during operation, the stepping motor 24 drives the gear 27 to rotate on the rack 28, so that the clutch gear ring I26 moves forward to realize connection with the clutch gear ring II34 of the tire supporting device 3, the stepping motor 24 is self-locked after connection to ensure gear ring engagement, the motor 25 is powered on to drive the clutch gear ring I26 to rotate highly, so that the tire of the tire supporting device 3 is accelerated, the motor 25 is powered off after acceleration is completed, and meanwhile, the stepping motor 24 releases self-locking, and due to the rotation speed difference of the two clutch gear rings, the mutual acting force generated on the engagement surface is decomposed into a circumferential force and an axial force, and the two clutch gear rings are quickly separated under the action of the axial force, so that the tire accelerating device 2 automatically moves backward to realize separation from the tire supporting device 3; the tire supporting device 3 includes: the buffer support arm 31, the tire support shaft 32, the tire 33, the clutch gear ring II34, the hoop 35 and the sliding sleeve rod 36; the buffer support arm 31 adopts a hydraulic buffer mode, the top is a fixed end, the lower part is a telescopic end, a flange disc with four through holes is processed at the top, a connecting shaft hole is processed at the bottom, and the flange disc is fixed on a cross-shaped frame at the top of the rack 1 through bolts; one end of the tire support shaft 32 is arranged in a connecting shaft hole of the buffer support arm 31 in an interference fit manner, the other end of the tire support shaft is connected with the tire 33 through a rolling bearing, and shaft end positioning is carried out in a mode of a round nut and a stop washer, the rolling bearing adopts a double-row deep groove ball bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is in interference fit with the tire support shaft 32, the outer ring of the bearing is in interference fit with a hub shaft hole of the tire 33, and eight threaded holes are respectively formed in the outer edges of two sides of a hub of; the two sets of clutch gear rings II34 are of circular ring structures, the tooth shapes of the clutch gear rings II are the same as the structure of the clutch gear ring I26 of the tire accelerating device 2 and are meshed with the clutch gear ring I, eight connecting through holes are formed in the inner side of the circular ring of the clutch gear ring II34 and are symmetrically installed and connected to the two sides of the hub of the tire 33 through screws, and therefore symmetrical and stable operation is achieved; the anchor ear 35 is composed of two semicircular rings, two ends of each semicircular ring are provided with connecting lugs with through holes, and two pairs of anchor ears 35 are respectively fastened on the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffer support arm 31 through bolt connection; the sliding sleeve rods 36 are provided with a pair, each sliding sleeve rod 36 consists of a sleeve, two sliding rods and two needle bearings, connecting lugs with through holes are formed on the sleeves and are respectively connected with the anchor ears 35 at the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffer support arm 31 through bolts, the two needle bearings are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the sleeves, and the sliding rods are connected with the sleeves through the needle bearings to form a sliding pair; the reverse impact device 4 includes: the device comprises an impact base 41, a guide rod 42, a fixed collar 43, an impact top plate 44, a suspension top plate 45, a pressing sheet 46, a buffer support 47, a mounting rack II48, an oil cylinder 49 and a connecting rod structure 50; the impact base 41 is processed into a square frame structure by adopting a casting mode, a cross beam for reinforcing is welded in the middle of the impact base, two fixing through holes which are vertically downward are processed on each edge of the frame, an installation cylinder and a connecting lug are respectively processed on two longitudinal edges, threaded holes are processed on two transverse edges and the middle part of the cross beam, and the fixing through holes which are vertically downward of the impact base 41 are connected with a ground foundation through bolts and are positioned right below a tire; two guide rods 42 are arranged in the installation cylinder of the impact base 41; the two fixing collars 43 are cylindrical and are provided with connecting end faces with threaded holes, the fixing collars 43 are arranged on the guide rod 42 in an interference fit mode, and the connecting end faces are fixed on a middle cross beam of the rack 1 through screw connection to play a limiting role; the impact top plate 44 is processed into a rectangular structure by casting, the front surface of the impact top plate is provided with a square empty groove, the back surface of the impact top plate is provided with reinforcing ribs, two bosses with through holes are respectively processed at two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate 44, the lower end of the impact top plate is provided with a connecting lug, two bosses are respectively processed at two transverse sides of the impact top plate, the lower end of the impact top plate is provided with a mounting groove, the through holes on the bosses at two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate 44 are connected to the guide rod 42 through linear bearings, and the mounting grooves at the bottom; the suspension top plate 45 is connected and suspended in a square empty groove of the impact top plate 44 through four uniformly distributed springs, four vertical pressure sensors are uniformly distributed between the suspension top plate 45 and the impact top plate 44, two horizontal pressure sensors are respectively mounted on two symmetrical side edges of the suspension top plate 45 and the impact top plate 44, and the acquisition of the vertical quantity and the horizontal quantity of the impact force is realized; the pressing sheets 46 are four in number, the pressing sheets 46 are symmetrically fixed on the impact top plate 44 through bolts, and the pressing sheets 46 press the tested sample plate on the suspension top plate 45; two buffer struts 47 are fixed on the impact base 41 through bolts; the mounting frame II48 is of a square column structure, a cuboid hollow is machined in the middle of the mounting frame II48, six through holes are symmetrically machined in two sides of the hollow, a cylinder is installed in each through hole in an interference fit mode, a needle roller bearing is installed on each cylinder to form two rows of symmetrically arranged needle roller bearings, three springs which are arranged in parallel are fixed at the bottom of the cuboid hollow, a vertical plate with four through holes in the top is placed in the middle of the symmetrically arranged needle roller bearings, circumferential position fixing is conducted through the six needle roller bearings and the hollow side wall, a flange plate is further machined at the bottom of the mounting frame II48 and is installed on a cross beam of the impact base 41 through screw connection; the two oil cylinders 49 are oppositely arranged on the vertical plate of the mounting frame II48 through long rod bolts, when in impact, the oil cylinders 49 push the two lower connecting rods of the connecting rod structure 50 to swing upwards around the connecting lugs on the impact base 41, meanwhile, the swing of the two lower connecting rods drives the oil cylinders 49 and the vertical plate to do ascending motion together, when the impact finishes rebounding, the push rods of the oil cylinders 49 retract, the two lower connecting rods swing downwards around the connecting lugs on the impact base 41, simultaneously, the oil cylinders 49 and the vertical plate are driven to do descending motion, and the uniformly distributed springs arranged at the hollow bottom buffer the descending of the vertical plate; the two sets of the connecting rod structures 50 are respectively composed of two connecting rods and a concave connecting lug, round holes are formed in the end faces of the concave connecting lugs, one end of each connecting rod of the connecting rod structure 50 is connected to the connecting lugs on the bottom faces of bosses on the two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate 44 in a hinged mode, the other end of each connecting rod is connected to the connecting lugs on the two longitudinal sides of the impact base 41, the concave connecting lugs are connected to the connecting positions of the two connecting rods in a hinged mode, and the round holes in the end faces are installed on the push rods of the oil cylinders 49 and fixed in a gasket and pin mode; during operation, the oil cylinder 49 rapidly pushes the link structure 50 to expand, so that the impact top plate 44 moves upwards to impact the tire 33 with high speed of the tire supporting device 3, the impact instant horizontal pressure sensor acquires the horizontal impact force and the friction force between the tire 33 rotating at high speed and a tested sample plate, the vertical pressure sensor acquires the vertical impact force of the suspension top plate 46 on the tire 33 rotating at high speed, and performance evaluation is performed on the tested sample plate according to the change of the force value.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, the specific working steps of the rim acceleration type tire impact testing device are as follows: the method comprises the following steps: installing a frame 1, a tire accelerating device 2, a tire supporting device 3 and a reverse impact device 4 according to relative positions; the tire accelerating device 2 starts to work, the stepping motor 24 is electrified to drive the gear 27 to rotate on the rack 28, the gear 28 drives the motor 25 and the clutch gear ring I26 to do transverse feeding motion, after the clutch gear ring I26 is meshed with the clutch gear ring II34, the stepping motor 24 is self-locked to ensure the meshing of the clutch gear ring, the motor 25 starts to be electrified, the tire 33 on the tire supporting device 3 is driven to rotate at high speed through the meshed clutch gear ring I26 and the clutch gear ring II34, when the specified rotating speed is reached, the motor 25 is powered off, the clutch gear ring I26 and the clutch gear ring II34 generate a relative rotating speed difference, the clutch gear ring I26 moves backwards by means of the inertia force and the axial force generated by the curve tooth form teeth, and simultaneously the stepping motor 24 starts to rotate reversely, the gear 27 is driven to rotate on the rack 28, and the gear 28 drives the motor 25 and the clutch ring gear I26 to do transverse withdrawing movement; the reverse impact device 4 starts to work, the oil cylinder 49 rapidly pushes the connecting rod structure 50 to expand, the impact top plate 44 moves upwards to impact the tire 33 with high speed of the tire supporting device 3, the buffer support arm 31 buffers impact, at the impact moment, a horizontal pressure sensor arranged on the impact top plate 44 obtains the horizontal impact force and the friction force between the tire 33 rotating at high speed and a tested sample plate, a vertical pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the suspension top plate 45 obtains the vertical impact force of the suspension top plate 46 on the tire 33 rotating at high speed, after the impact is finished, a push rod of the oil cylinder 49 retracts to drive the connecting rod structure 50 to reset, and then performance evaluation is carried out on the tested sample plate according to the change of the measured force.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rim accelerating type tire impact test device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a frame (1), a tire accelerating device (2), a tire supporting device (3) and a reverse impact device (4); the rack (1) is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation of a laboratory through foundation bolts; the base of the tire accelerating device (2) is arranged on the side edge of the frame (1) through bolts; the base of the tire supporting device (3) is installed on the inner side of the top of the frame (1) through bolts and is connected with a clutch gear ring I (26) of the tire accelerating device (2) through a clutch gear ring II (34) on a wheel hub; the reverse impact device (4) is fixedly arranged on a ground foundation below the tire supporting device (3) through foundation bolts; the tire accelerating device (2) accelerates the tire of the tire supporting device (3), automatically and rapidly separates from the tire after reaching a specified speed, and the reverse impact device (4) impacts the tire with the speed upwards and records a bidirectional impact force value; the rack (1) is formed by welding high-strength square steel pipes, and stress removal treatment is performed before welding to reduce welding deformation; the whole rack (1) is in a cuboid shape, and the top cross beam steel plate is in a cross shape and used for mounting the tire supporting device (3); a longitudinal square steel plate is welded in the middle of the rack (1) and used for mounting the tire accelerating device (2), a cuboid-shaped fixed supporting leg is welded at the bottom of the rack (1), and two through holes are formed in two ends of the fixed supporting leg and used for being connected with a ground foundation; a control box (11) is further fixed on a cross beam at the side edge of the middle part of the rack (1), the control box (11) is of a square structure, and the operation and the running of the whole device are controlled; the tyre accelerating device (2) comprises: the device comprises a workbench base (21), a linear guide rail (22), a mounting rack I (23), a stepping motor (24), a motor (25), a clutch gear ring I (26), a gear (27) and a rack (28); the workbench base (21) is a cuboid steel plate with five through holes on two sides, and is fixedly installed on a square steel plate in the middle of the rack (1) through bolt connection; two linear guide rails (22) are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the workbench base (21) through bolts; the mounting rack I (23) is of a structure in the shape of a Chinese character 'pin', the bottom surface of the mounting rack I (23) is provided with four through holes respectively and used for mounting a sliding block of the linear guide rail (22), two vertical planes in the middle of the mounting rack I (23) are welded into a whole and then are horizontally bored for mounting a support shaft and a bearing of the gear (27), and the upper top surface of the mounting rack I (23) is provided with four bolt holes and used for mounting a base of the motor (25); the stepping motor (24) is fixedly installed in a side hole of the I-shaped structure of the mounting frame I (23) through a bolt, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a supporting shaft of the gear (27) through a coupler, and the stepping motor (24) has a self-locking function and ensures meshing of a clutch gear ring; the clutch gear ring I (26) is of a ring gear ring structure, tooth-shaped teeth inclined by 45 degrees are processed on the gear ring, and an inner spline groove is formed in a shaft hole of the clutch gear ring I (26) and is connected with an outer spline of an output shaft of the motor (25) to realize the transmission of large torque; two ends of the rack (28) are provided with countersunk holes and are connected and installed on the workbench base (21) through bolts, and the rack (28) is meshed with the gear (27); when the device works, the stepping motor (24) drives the gear (27) to rotate on the rack (28), thereby enabling the clutch gear ring I (26) to move forwards to realize the connection with the clutch gear ring II (34) of the tire supporting device (3), the stepping motor (24) is self-locked after the connection to ensure the gear ring to be meshed, the motor (25) is electrified to drive the clutch gear ring I (26) to rotate highly, so that the tire of the tire supporting device (3) is accelerated, the motor (25) is powered off after acceleration is finished, meanwhile, the stepping motor (24) releases self-locking, and due to the rotating speed difference of the two clutch gear rings, the mutual acting force generated on the meshing surface is decomposed into a circumferential force and an axial force, and the two clutch gear rings are quickly separated under the action of the axial force, so that the tire accelerating device (2) automatically moves backwards, and the tire accelerating device is separated from the tire supporting device (3).

2. A rim accelerated tire impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tire supporting means (3) comprises: the device comprises a buffer support arm (31), a tire support shaft (32), a tire (33), a clutch gear ring II (34), a hoop (35) and a sliding sleeve rod (36); the buffer support arm (31) adopts a hydraulic buffer mode, the top is a fixed end, the lower part is a telescopic end, a flange disc with four through holes is processed at the top, a connecting shaft hole is processed at the bottom, and the buffer support arm is fixed on a cross-shaped frame at the top of the rack (1) through bolts; one end of the tire support shaft (32) is arranged in a connecting shaft hole of the buffer support arm (31) in an interference fit manner, the other end of the tire support shaft is connected with the tire (33) through a rolling bearing, shaft end positioning is carried out in a mode of a round nut and a stop washer, the rolling bearing adopts a double-row deep groove ball bearing, a bearing inner ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with the tire support shaft (32), an outer ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with a hub shaft hole of the tire (33), and eight threaded holes are formed in the outer edges of two sides of a hub of the tire (33; the two sets of clutch gear rings II (34) are of circular ring structures, the tooth shapes of the clutch gear rings II (34) are the same as the structure of the clutch gear ring I (26) of the tire accelerating device (2) and are meshed with the clutch gear ring I (26), eight connecting through holes are formed in the inner side of the circular ring of the clutch gear ring II (34), and the eight connecting through holes are symmetrically installed and connected to the two sides of the hub of the tire (33) through screws, so that symmetrical and stable operation is realized; the anchor ear (35) consists of two semicircular rings, connecting lugs with through holes are processed at two ends of each semicircular ring, and two pairs of anchor ears (35) are respectively fastened on the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffer support arm (31) through bolt connection; the pair of sliding sleeve rods (36) is provided, each sliding sleeve rod (36) is composed of two sleeves, two sliding rods and two needle roller bearings, connecting lugs with through holes are machined on the sleeves and are respectively connected with anchor ears (35) arranged at the fixed end and the telescopic end of the buffer support arm (31) through bolts, the two needle roller bearings are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the sleeves, and the sliding rods are connected with the sleeves through the needle roller bearings to form moving pairs.

3. A rim accelerated tire impact testing device according to claim 1, wherein said reverse impact device (4) comprises: the device comprises an impact base (41), a guide rod (42), a fixed collar (43), an impact top plate (44), a suspension top plate (45), a pressing plate (46), a buffer support column (47), a mounting rack II (48), an oil cylinder (49) and a connecting rod structure (50); the impact base (41) is processed into a square frame structure by adopting a casting mode, a cross beam for reinforcing is welded in the middle of the impact base, two fixing through holes which are vertically downward are processed on each edge of the frame, an installation cylinder and a connecting lug are respectively processed on two longitudinal edges of the frame, threaded holes are processed on two transverse edges and the middle part of the cross beam, and the fixing through holes which are vertically downward of the impact base (41) are connected with a ground foundation through bolts and are positioned right below a tire; the two guide rods (42) are arranged in the installation cylinder of the impact base (41); the two fixing collars (43) are cylindrical and are provided with connecting end faces with threaded holes, the fixing collars (43) are arranged on the guide rod (42) in an interference fit mode, and the connecting end faces are fixed on a middle cross beam of the rack (1) through screw connection to play a limiting role; the impact top plate (44) is processed into a cuboid structure by adopting a casting mode, a square empty groove is formed in the front surface, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back surface, bosses with through holes are respectively processed on the two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate (44), a connecting lug is arranged at the lower end of the impact top plate, bosses are also processed on the two transverse sides of the impact top plate, mounting grooves are formed in the lower end of the impact top plate, the through holes in the bosses on the two longitudinal sides of the impact top plate (44) are connected to the guide rod (42) through linear bearings, and the mounting grooves in the bottom ends of the bosses on the two transverse sides of; the suspension top plate (45) is connected with and suspended in a square empty groove of the impact top plate (44) through four uniformly distributed springs, four vertical pressure sensors are uniformly distributed between the suspension top plate (45) and the impact top plate (44), two horizontal pressure sensors are respectively mounted on two symmetrical side edges of the suspension top plate (45) and the impact top plate (44), and the acquisition of the vertical quantity and the horizontal quantity of impact force is realized; the pressing sheets (46) are four in number, the pressing sheets (46) are symmetrically fixed on the impact top plate (44) through bolts, and the pressing sheets (46) press the tested sample plate on the suspension top plate (45); two buffer struts (47) are fixed on the impact base (41) through bolts; connecting rod structure (50) have two sets, constitute by two connecting rods and a "concave" type engaging lug respectively, and open the terminal surface of "concave" type engaging lug has the round hole, the connecting rod of connecting rod structure (50) is connected through articulated mode one end on the engaging lug of assaulting roof (44) vertical both sides boss bottom surface, one end is connected on the engaging lug of assaulting base (41) vertical both sides, "concave" type engaging lug is connected in the junction of two connecting rods through articulated mode, and the round hole of terminal surface is installed on the push rod of hydro-cylinder (49) to fix through the mode of packing ring and pin.

4. The rim acceleration type tire impact test device according to claim 3, wherein the mounting frame II (48) is of a square column structure, a rectangular hollow is machined in the middle of the mounting frame II, six through holes are symmetrically machined in two sides of the hollow, a cylinder is installed in each through hole through interference fit, a needle bearing is installed on each cylinder to form two rows of symmetrically arranged needle bearings, three springs which are arranged in parallel are fixed at the bottom of the rectangular hollow, a vertical plate with four through holes at the top is placed in the middle of the symmetrically arranged needle bearings, circumferential position fixing is carried out through the six needle bearings and the hollow side wall, a flange plate is further machined at the bottom of the mounting frame II (48), and the flange plate is installed on a cross beam of the impact base (41) through screw connection; the two oil cylinders (49) are oppositely arranged on a vertical plate of the mounting frame II (48) through long rod bolts, during impact, the oil cylinders (49) push the two lower connecting rods of the connecting rod structure (50) to upwards swing around the connecting lugs on the impact base (41), meanwhile, the two lower connecting rods swing to drive the oil cylinders (49) and the vertical plate to do ascending motion together, when impact resilience is completed, push rods of the oil cylinders (49) retract, the two lower connecting rods swing downwards around the connecting lugs on the impact base (41) to simultaneously drive the oil cylinders (49) and the vertical plate to do descending motion, and uniformly distributed springs arranged at the hollow bottom buffer descending of the vertical plate; when the device works, the oil cylinder (49) rapidly pushes the connecting rod structure (50) to expand, so that the impact top plate (44) moves upwards to impact the tire (33) with high speed, the horizontal pressure sensor at the impact moment acquires the horizontal impact force and the friction force between the tire (33) rotating at high speed and a tested sample plate, the vertical pressure sensor acquires the vertical impact force of the suspension top plate (45) on the tire (33) rotating at high speed, and the performance of the tested sample plate is evaluated according to the change of the force value.