CN114918433B

CN114918433B - Disc or ring additive workbench

Info

Publication number: CN114918433B
Application number: CN202210568633.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李云平; 张明; 赖瑞林; 李一迪; 汪辉; 龚玮
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2022-05-24
Filing date: 2022-05-24
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-24
Also published as: CN114918433A

Abstract

The invention provides a disk or ring piece additive machining workbench and relates to the technical field of additive machining. The disc or ring additive manufacturing table comprises a bottom plate. According to the invention, the second servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and further drives the screw rod to rotate through the second gear and the third gear, the screw rod drives the sliding block in threaded connection with the screw rod to slide along the second sliding rod while rotating, when the sliding block slides in the direction far away from the second gear, the diameter of the clamping surface formed by the outer walls of the five groups of stop pins is enlarged, and when the sliding block slides in the direction near the second gear, the diameter of the clamping surface formed by the outer walls of the five groups of stop pins is reduced, so that annular platforms with different diameters can be conveniently replaced, after the outer diameter of the roller wheel is worn, the distance between the lower wall of the gear disc and the distance sensor is monitored in real time by using the distance sensor, when the data measured by the five groups of distance sensors are inconsistent, the first servo motor is started to rotate forwards or reversely, and the connecting seat in threaded connection with the first servo motor drives the U-shaped support to ascend and descend.

Description

Disc or ring additive workbench

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive machining, in particular to a disc or ring additive workbench.

Background

The additive manufacturing is used as a novel manufacturing mode, the production process of parts is greatly reduced, the period is shortened, the processing precision is high, if a large annular part is manufactured, the design freedom degree of the large annular part is limited by the traditional rolling manufacturing technology due to the limitation of the traditional rolling manufacturing technology, the direct manufacturing of a large-size aluminum alloy annular component can be realized by utilizing the fuse additive manufacturing technology, the design freedom degree is improved, the maximum utilization and realization of materials and performance are possible, and the optimal comprehensive performance of the component can be ensured by integrally forming according to the functional requirements and the structural characteristics of the component.

However, in the existing additive manufacturing equipment for large annular parts, the diameters of the working platforms are fixed, and the equipment cannot be suitable for annular parts with different diameters, and in the existing additive manufacturing equipment for large annular parts, the levelness of the working platform cannot be automatically adjusted in work generally, and can be found and adjusted only through equipment maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a disc or ring piece additive manufacturing workbench, which solves the problems that the diameters of working platforms of the existing additive manufacturing equipment for large annular parts are fixed and the existing additive manufacturing equipment cannot be suitable for the annular parts with different diameters, and the levelness of the working platform of the existing additive manufacturing equipment for the large annular parts cannot be automatically adjusted in the working process.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a disc or ring additive table comprising a base plate; the device comprises a base plate, upright columns fixedly connected to the upper wall of the base plate, transverse rails connected between two groups of upright columns in a sliding manner, sliding seats connected to the outer walls of the transverse rails in a sliding manner, a material increasing device arranged on the front walls of the sliding seats, lifting structures arranged between the transverse rails and the upright columns, and translation structures arranged between the sliding seats and the transverse rails; the supporting box is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate and located between the two groups of stand columns, a bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box and in the middle of the upper wall of the supporting box, a ribbed plate is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the bearing seat through a plane bearing, and a gear plate is arranged on the lower wall of the ribbed plate and located on the periphery of the bearing seat; the first check ring is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box and is positioned on the periphery of the rib plate; the device comprises a support box, a detection assembly, a horizontal adjusting assembly and a first driving assembly, wherein the detection assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the support box and used for detecting the horizontal state of a rib plate; the annular platform is detachably connected to the upper wall of the rib plate through a clamping assembly, the upper wall of the annular platform is used for bearing additive parts, a second retaining ring is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the rib plate and is close to the outer wall of the circumference, and five groups of openings which are distributed in an equal distribution mode are formed in the outer wall of the circumference of the second retaining ring; the diameter adjusting assembly is arranged between the clamping assembly and the rib plate and used for adjusting the clamping range of the clamping assembly, a second driving assembly used for driving the diameter adjusting assembly to move is arranged between the diameter adjusting assembly and the supporting box, and an extending structure used for expanding the maximum clamping diameter of the clamping assembly is further arranged between the diameter adjusting assembly and the rib plate; the power box is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate and located on the rear wall of the supporting box, and a third driving assembly used for driving the rib plate to rotate is arranged in the power box.

Preferably, the detection assembly comprises five groups of distance sensors, and the five groups of distance sensors are uniformly distributed on the circumference and are sequentially and fixedly connected to the upper wall of the support box.

Preferably, the horizontal adjusting assembly comprises five groups of U-shaped supports and rollers, the U-shaped supports are connected to the upper wall of the supporting box through two first sliding rods in a sliding mode, the two first sliding rods are fixedly connected to the lower wall of the U-shaped supports, one ends, far away from the U-shaped supports, of the first sliding rods penetrate through the upper wall of the supporting box and are connected with the upper wall of the supporting box in a sliding mode, the five groups of rollers are connected to the inner side wall of the five groups of U-shaped supports in a rotating mode respectively, and the outer walls of the five groups of rollers are connected with the gear disc in a rolling mode.

Preferably, the first driving assembly comprises a first servo motor and a connecting seat, the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the lower wall of the U-shaped support and located between the two first sliding rods, the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner side of the supporting box, a threaded section is arranged at the end part of an extending shaft of the first servo motor, the threaded section penetrates through the upper wall of the supporting box and extends to the upper part of the supporting box, and the threaded section is in threaded connection with the connecting seat.

Preferably, the extension structure includes five groups of extension plates, five groups of extension plates are all fixedly connected on the rib plate circumference outer wall and are five equally-divided distributions on the circumference, and five groups of extension plates correspond to five groups of opening positions on the second retaining ring respectively.

Preferably, the diameter adjusting part includes that the seat is rotated to the first seat, the second of five groups of rotating, five groups first rotate the seat with circumference partition form fixed connection in proper order on the floor upper wall and all be close to the floor center, five groups the equal fixed connection of seat is rotated to the second and is just all kept away from the one end of floor at the extension plate upper wall, first rotation seat, second rotate and rotate between the seat and be connected with the screw rod, first rotation seat, second rotate between the seat and go back two second slide bars of fixedly connected with, two the second slide bar is located the screw rod both sides respectively.

Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises a sliding block and a stop pin, the sliding block is connected to the outer walls of the two second sliding rods in a sliding mode and located between the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat, the outer wall of the screw penetrates through the sliding block and is in threaded connection with the sliding block, and the stop pin is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the sliding block.

Preferably, second drive assembly second servo motor, third rotate seat, electromagnetic clutch, second servo motor passes through motor base fixed connection and at the inboard upper wall of supporting box, seat fixed connection just is located the second servo motor top is rotated to the third, electromagnetic clutch rotates to be connected and rotates the seat inside wall at the third, electromagnetic clutch comprises last casing, the lower casing that is mutual rotation connection under the outage state, fixed connection between last casing, the lower casing when electromagnetic clutch circular telegram, second servo motor stretches out outer wall of the axle and electromagnetic clutch lower casing inside wall fixed connection, electromagnetic clutch upper casing inside wall fixedly connected with pivot, the pivot runs through bearing frame, floor in proper order and extends to the floor top, the tip fixedly connected with second gear that the floor top was stretched out in the pivot, the screw rod is towards the one end fixedly connected with third gear of second gear, third gear, second gear are conical gear, third gear and second gear meshing.

Preferably, third drive assembly includes reduction gear, third servo motor and first gear, reduction gear, third servo motor are according to from the front to back order fixed connection in the inboard lower wall of headstock in proper order, the reduction gear input passes through shaft coupling and third servo motor projecting shaft fixed connection, reduction gear output outer wall runs through the headstock upper wall and extends to the headstock top, first gear fixed connection is at reduction gear output shaft tip, first gear and gear plate meshing.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a disc or ring additive workbench. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. compared with the prior art, this disk or ring spare vibration material disk, the circular telegram solidification through electromagnetic clutch, go up the casing, the casing solidifies as an organic whole down, thereby can drive the pivot rotation through second servo motor's corotation and reversal, and then through the second gear, the third gear drives the screw rod and rotates, screw rod pivoted drives threaded connection's slider along the second slide bar slides simultaneously, when the slider slides to the direction of keeping away from the second gear, the clamping face diameter that five groups stop pin outer walls formed enlarges, when the slider slides to the direction of being close to the second gear, the clamping face diameter that five groups stop pin outer walls formed reduces, thereby the annular platform of different diameters of change that can be convenient, in order to adapt to the product processing of different diameters, through five groups extension plate, can make the biggest centre gripping external diameter exceed the floor external diameter.

2. Compared with the prior art, this disk or ring spare vibration material disk workstation, support through gyro wheel and toothed disc lower wall sliding connection, after the gyro wheel external diameter takes place wearing and tearing, downward sloping when avoiding floor and annular platform rotation process this wearing and tearing gyro wheel, adopt distance sensor real time monitoring toothed disc lower wall to the distance between the distance sensor, when five groups of distance sensor measured data are inconsistent, start first servo motor corotation or reversal, connecting seat through threaded connection with it drives U type support and rises and descends, thereby reach the purpose of adjustment level, avoid influencing product machining precision.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the support box structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the horizontal adjustment assembly and the first driving assembly connecting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a rib structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at C of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second drive assembly connection structure in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of the power box of the present invention;

fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at D in fig. 6.

Wherein, 1, a bottom plate; 2. a column; 3. a transverse rail; 4. a sliding seat; 5. an additive device; 6. a support box; 7. a first retainer ring; 8. a rib plate; 9. a second retainer ring; 10. an annular platform; 11. a power box; 12. a first gear; 13. a bearing seat; 14. a flat bearing; 15. a U-shaped bracket; 16. a roller; 17. a distance sensor; 18. a first servo motor; 19. a connecting seat; 20. a first slide bar; 21. a second gear; 22. a third gear; 23. a first rotating base; 24. a second slide bar; 25. a screw; 26. a second rotating base; 27. a slider; 28. a stop pin; 29. a rotating shaft; 30. a motor base; 31. a second servo motor; 32. a third rotating base; 33. an electromagnetic clutch; 34. a speed reducer; 35. a third servo motor; 36. a gear plate; 37. an extension board.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 to 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a disc or ring additive station, including a base plate 1; the upright posts 2 are fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate 1 in sequence in a left-right distribution manner, transverse rails 3 are connected between the two groups of upright posts 2 in a sliding manner, sliding seats 4 are connected to the outer walls of the transverse rails 3 in a sliding manner, material adding devices 5 are arranged on the front walls of the sliding seats 4, lifting structures are arranged between the transverse rails 3 and the upright posts 2, translation structures are arranged between the sliding seats 4 and the transverse rails 3, and the lifting structures and the translation structures are common technologies in the market and are not drawn out;

the supporting box 6 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate 1 and positioned between the two groups of upright posts 2, the bearing seat 13 is fixedly connected to the upper wall and the middle position of the supporting box 6, the upper wall of the bearing seat 13 is rotatably connected with a ribbed plate 8 through a plane bearing 14, and a gear disc 36 is arranged on the lower wall of the ribbed plate 8 and positioned at the periphery of the bearing seat 13; the first check ring 7 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box 6 and is positioned on the periphery of the ribbed plate 8;

the setting is used for detecting the detection module of 8 horizontality of floor at support box 6 upper wall, and detection module includes five distance sensor 17, and five distance sensor 17 are circumference equipartition and distribute fixed connection in proper order at support box 6 upper wall, and whether unanimous to distance sensor 17's distance through five distance sensor 17 inspection pinion disc 36 lower walls to judge whether floor 8 has the slope.

A horizontal adjusting assembly used for adjusting the horizontal state of the rib plate 8 is arranged between the support box 6 and the lower wall of the gear disc 36, a first driving assembly used for driving the horizontal adjusting assembly to act is arranged between the horizontal adjusting assembly and the support box 6, the horizontal adjusting assembly comprises five groups of U-shaped supports 15 and rollers 16, the five groups of U-shaped supports 15 are all connected to the upper wall of the support box 6 in a sliding mode through two first sliding rods 20, the two first sliding rods 20 are fixedly connected to the lower wall of the U-shaped supports 15, one ends, far away from the U-shaped supports 15, of the first sliding rods 20 penetrate through the upper wall of the support box 6 and are connected with the upper wall in a sliding mode, the five groups of rollers 16 are respectively connected to the inner side wall of the five groups of U-shaped supports 15 in a rotating mode, and the outer walls of the five groups of rollers 16 are all connected with the gear disc 36 in a rolling mode;

first drive assembly includes first servo motor 18, connecting seat 19 fixed connection just is located between two first slide bars 20 at U type support 15 lower wall, first servo motor 18 fixed connection is at the inboard upper wall of supporting box 6, first servo motor 18 stretches out the axle head portion and is provided with the screw thread section, the screw thread section runs through supporting box 6 upper wall and extends to supporting box 6 top, screw thread section and connecting seat 19 threaded connection, through 16 upper walls of gyro wheel and 36 roll connections of gear disc, play the supporting role, when first servo motor 18 stretches out the axle and rotates, through the threaded connection with connecting seat 19, can drive U type support 15 and rise and descend, thereby reach the purpose of adjustment level.

The annular platform 10 is detachably connected to the upper wall of the rib plate 8 through a clamping assembly, the upper wall of the annular platform 10 is used for bearing additive parts, a second retaining ring 9 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the rib plate 8 and is close to the outer wall of the circumference, five groups of openings which are distributed in an equal division mode are formed in the outer wall of the circumference of the second retaining ring 9, the clamping assembly comprises a sliding block 27 and retaining pins 28, the sliding block 27 is slidably connected to the outer walls of two second sliding rods 24 and is located between the first rotating seat 23 and the second rotating seat 26, the outer wall of a screw 25 penetrates through the sliding block 27 and is in threaded connection with the sliding block 27, the retaining pins 28 are fixedly connected to the upper wall of the sliding block 27, the annular platform 10 is detachably connected to the outer walls of the five groups of retaining pins 28, and the retaining pins 28 are driven by the sliding block 27 to prop the annular platform 10 from the inner side wall;

an extension structure used for expanding the maximum clamping diameter of the clamping component is further arranged between the diameter adjusting component and the ribbed slab 8, the extension structure comprises five groups of extension plates 37, the five groups of extension plates 37 are fixedly connected to the circumferential outer wall of the ribbed slab 8 and are distributed in five equal parts of the circumference, and the positions of the five groups of extension plates 37 respectively correspond to the positions of five groups of openings on the second retaining ring 9;

a diameter adjusting component arranged between the clamping component and the ribbed slab 8 and used for adjusting the clamping range of the clamping component, a second driving component used for driving the diameter adjusting component to act is arranged between the diameter adjusting component and the supporting box 6, the diameter adjusting component comprises five groups of first rotating seats 23 and second rotating seats 26, the five groups of first rotating seats 23 are sequentially and fixedly connected with the upper wall of the ribbed slab 8 in a circumferential equal division manner and are close to the center of the ribbed slab 8, the five groups of second rotating seats 26 are fixedly connected with the upper wall of an extension plate 37 and are far away from one end of the ribbed slab 8, a screw 25 is rotatably connected between the first rotating seats 23 and the second rotating seats 26, two second sliding rods 24 are fixedly connected between the first rotating seats 23 and the second rotating seats 26, the two second sliding rods 24 are respectively positioned at two sides of the screw 25, a second servo motor 31, a third rotating seat 32 and an electromagnetic clutch 33 are arranged on the second driving component, the second servo motor 31 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner side of the supporting box 6 through the motor base 30, the third rotating seat 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the motor base 30 and positioned above the second servo motor 31, the electromagnetic clutch 33 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the third rotating seat 32, the electromagnetic clutch 33 is composed of an upper shell and a lower shell which are mutually and rotatably connected in a power-off state, when the electromagnetic clutch 33 is powered on, the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly connected, the outer wall of an extending shaft of the second servo motor 31 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the lower shell of the electromagnetic clutch 33, the inner side wall of the upper shell of the electromagnetic clutch 33 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 29, the rotating shaft 29 sequentially penetrates through the bearing seat 13 and the rib plate 8 and extends to the upper side of the rib plate 8, the end part of the rotating shaft 29 extending above the rib plate 8 is fixedly connected with a second gear 21, and one end of the screw 25 facing the second gear 21 is fixedly connected with a third gear 22, the third gear 22 and the second gear 21 are conical gears, the third gear 22 is meshed with the second gear 21, the electromagnetic clutch 33 is arranged so that the second servo motor 31 does not participate in rotation during working, when the clamping size needs to be adjusted, the electromagnetic clutch 33 is electrified and cured, the second servo motor 31 can drive the rotating shaft 29 to rotate when rotating, the screw rod 25 is driven to rotate through meshing of the second gear 21 and the third gear 22, the sliding block 27 is further driven to move, the clamping diameter range of the five groups of stop pins 28 is adjusted, the five groups of sliding blocks 27 slide simultaneously, centers are kept consistent, and the maximum clamping diameter can exceed the diameter of the rib plate 8 through arrangement of the extension plate 37;

the power box 11 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate 1 and located on the rear wall of the support box 6, a third driving assembly used for driving the rib plate 8 to rotate is arranged in the power box 11, and comprises a speed reducer 34, a third servo motor 35 and a first gear 12, the speed reducer 34 and the third servo motor 35 are sequentially and fixedly connected to the lower wall of the inner side of the power box 11 from front to back, the input end of the speed reducer 34 is fixedly connected with an extending shaft of the third servo motor 35 through a coupler, the outer wall of the output end of the speed reducer 34 penetrates through the upper wall of the power box 11 and extends to the upper side of the power box 11, the first gear 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the speed reducer 34, the first gear 12 is meshed with a gear disc 36, the third servo motor 35 rotates, after speed reduction and torque increase are performed through the speed reducer 34, the rib plate 8 and the annular platform 10 are driven to rotate through meshing of the first gear 12 and the gear disc 36.

The working principle is as follows: whether the distance from the lower wall of the gear disc 36 to the distance sensor 17 is consistent is checked through the five groups of distance sensors 17, whether the rib plate 8 inclines is judged, the upper wall of the roller 16 is in rolling connection with the gear disc 36 to play a supporting role, when the extension shaft of the first servo motor 18 rotates, the U-shaped support 15 can be driven to ascend and descend through threaded connection with the connecting seat 19, and therefore the purpose of adjusting the level is achieved, the annular platform 10 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the five groups of stop pins 28, the stop pins 28 are driven to support the annular platform 10 from the inner side wall through the sliding blocks 27, the electromagnetic clutches 33 are arranged so that the second servo motor 31 does not participate in rotation during working, when the clamping size needs to be adjusted, the electromagnetic clutches 33 are electrified and solidified, the second servo motor 31 can drive the rotating shaft 29 to rotate during rotation, therefore, the second gear 21 and the third gear 22 are meshed to drive the screw rod 25 to rotate, the sliding blocks 27 are further driven to move, the diameter range which can be clamped by the five groups of the stop pins 28 is adjusted, the third servo motor 35 rotates, after torque is increased through the reduction gear 34, the first reduction gear 12 is meshed with the annular platform 8, and the rib plate 8 is driven to rotate.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Disk spare or ring spare vibration material disk, its characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate (1);

the device comprises upright posts (2) fixedly connected to the upper wall of a bottom plate (1), a transverse rail (3) is connected between two groups of upright posts (2) in a sliding manner, a sliding seat (4) is connected to the outer wall of the transverse rail (3) in a sliding manner, a material increasing device (5) is arranged on the front wall of the sliding seat (4), a lifting structure is arranged between the transverse rail (3) and the upright posts (2), and a translation structure is arranged between the sliding seat (4) and the transverse rail (3);

the supporting box (6) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate (1) and located between the two groups of upright posts (2), a bearing seat (13) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box (6) in the middle, a rib plate (8) is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the bearing seat (13) through a plane bearing (14), and a gear disc (36) is arranged on the lower wall of the rib plate (8) and located on the periphery of the bearing seat (13);

the first check ring (7) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box (6) and is positioned on the periphery of the rib plate (8);

the detection assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the supporting box (6) and used for detecting the horizontal state of the rib plate (8), a horizontal adjusting assembly used for adjusting the horizontal state of the rib plate (8) is arranged between the supporting box (6) and the lower wall of the gear disc (36), and a first driving assembly used for driving the horizontal adjusting assembly to move is arranged between the horizontal adjusting assembly and the supporting box (6);

the annular platform (10) is detachably connected to the upper wall of the rib plate (8) through a clamping assembly, the upper wall of the annular platform (10) is used for bearing additive parts, a second retaining ring (9) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the rib plate (8) and is close to the outer wall of the circumference, and five groups of openings which are distributed in an equal distribution mode are formed in the outer wall of the circumference of the second retaining ring (9);

the diameter adjusting assembly is arranged between the clamping assembly and the rib plate (8) and used for adjusting the clamping range of the clamping assembly, a second driving assembly used for driving the diameter adjusting assembly to act is arranged between the diameter adjusting assembly and the supporting box (6), and an extending structure used for expanding the maximum clamping diameter of the clamping assembly is further arranged between the diameter adjusting assembly and the rib plate (8);

the power box (11) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the bottom plate (1) and located on the rear wall of the supporting box (6), and a third driving assembly used for driving the rib plate (8) to rotate is arranged in the power box (11).

2. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 1, wherein: the detection assembly comprises five groups of distance sensors (17), and the five groups of distance sensors (17) are circumferentially distributed at equal intervals and are sequentially and fixedly connected to the upper wall of the supporting box (6).

3. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 2, wherein: horizontal adjustment subassembly includes five groups U type support (15), gyro wheel (16), five groups U type support (15) all are through two first slide bar (20) sliding connection at supporting box (6) upper wall, two first slide bar (20) fixed connection is in U type support (15) lower wall, the one end that U type support (15) were kept away from in first slide bar (20) runs through supporting box (6) upper wall and sliding connection with it, five groups gyro wheel (16) rotate respectively to be connected at five groups U type support (15) inside walls, five groups gyro wheel (16) outer wall all with gear dish (36) roll connection.

4. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 3, wherein: the first driving assembly comprises a first servo motor (18) and a connecting seat (19), the connecting seat (19) is fixedly connected to the lower wall of the U-shaped support (15) and located between two first sliding rods (20), the first servo motor (18) is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the support box (6), a threaded section is arranged at the end part of an extending shaft of the first servo motor (18), the threaded section penetrates through the upper wall of the support box (6) and extends to the upper part of the support box (6), and the threaded section is in threaded connection with the connecting seat (19).

5. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 4, wherein: the extension structure comprises five groups of extension plates (37), wherein the extension plates (37) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the circumference of the rib plate (8) and are distributed in five equal parts of the circumference, and the positions of the extension plates (37) correspond to the positions of five groups of openings on the second retaining ring (9).

6. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 5, wherein: diameter adjustment assembly includes that five groups are first to rotate seat (23), second and rotate seat (26), five groups first rotate seat (23) with circumference partition form fixed connection in proper order on floor (8) upper wall and all be close to floor (8) center, five groups the equal fixed connection of second rotation seat (26) just all keeps away from the one end of floor (8) at extension plate (37) upper wall, first rotation seat (23), second rotate and are connected with screw rod (25) between seat (26), first rotation seat (23), second rotate and go back two fixedly connected with second slide bars (24) between seat (26), two second slide bar (24) are located screw rod (25) both sides respectively.

7. The disc or ring additive station of claim 6, wherein: the clamping assembly comprises a sliding block (27) and a stop pin (28), the sliding block (27) is connected to the outer walls of the two second sliding rods (24) in a sliding mode and located between the first rotating seat (23) and the second rotating seat (26), the outer wall of the screw rod (25) penetrates through the sliding block (27) and is in threaded connection with the sliding block, and the stop pin (28) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the sliding block (27).

8. The disc or ring additive station of claim 7, wherein: a second servo motor (31) of the second driving component, a third rotating seat (32) and an electromagnetic clutch (33), the second servo motor (31) is fixedly connected with the upper wall of the inner side of the supporting box (6) through a motor base (30), the third rotating seat (32) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the motor base (30) and is positioned above the second servo motor (31), the electromagnetic clutch (33) is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the third rotating seat (32), the electromagnetic clutch (33) consists of an upper shell and a lower shell which are mutually rotationally connected under the power-off state, the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly connected when the electromagnetic clutch (33) is electrified, the outer wall of an extending shaft of the second servo motor (31) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the lower shell of the electromagnetic clutch (33), the inner side wall of the shell of the electromagnetic clutch (33) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (29), the rotating shaft (29) penetrates through the bearing seat (13) and the ribbed plate (8) in sequence and extends to the upper part of the ribbed plate (8), the end part of the rotating shaft (29) extending out of the upper part of the ribbed plate (8) is fixedly connected with a second gear (21), one end of the screw rod (25) facing the second gear (21) is fixedly connected with a third gear (22), the third gear (22) and the second gear (21) are both conical gears, the third gear (22) is meshed with the second gear (21).

9. A disc or ring additive station according to claim 8, wherein: third drive assembly includes reduction gear (34), third servo motor (35) and first gear (12), reduction gear (34), third servo motor (35) are according to from the front to back order fixed connection in proper order at headstock (11) inboard lower wall, reduction gear (34) input passes through shaft coupling and third servo motor (35) projecting shaft fixed connection, reduction gear (34) output outer wall runs through headstock (11) upper wall and extends to headstock (11) top, first gear (12) fixed connection is at reduction gear (34) output shaft tip, first gear (12) and toothed disc (36) meshing.