CN210261525U - Oil sludge pyrolysis equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fatlute pyrolysis equipment is used in fatlute pyrolysis utilization technical field, has solved and has contained the heavy metal in traditional pyrolysis method pyrolysis sediment, easily brings secondary pollution, has the big scheduling problem of system complicacy, investment in equipment, and its technical scheme main points are: the system comprises a pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing the oil sludge, a heat supply system for supplying heat to the pyrolysis system, an explosion-proof system for preventing crude oil from being combusted or exploded, and a condensation system; the device has the technical effects that the heat supply system and the pyrolysis system are separately arranged, open fire is prevented from contacting with oil sludge, the whole shell is protected by nitrogen, so that pyrolysis is safer, and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like are prevented from being generated; the efficient heat exchanger is adopted for heat conduction, and a condensation system of physical condensation is adopted, so that the pyrolysis and condensation efficiency is higher, and more energy is saved.

Description

Oil sludge pyrolysis equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fatlute pyrolysis utilization technical field, in particular to fatlute pyrolysis equipment.

Background

In the process of petroleum exploitation, transportation and processing in the petrochemical industry, a large amount of oil sludge is generated. According to data, the annual output of oil sludge generated in the process of only extracting oil in China is over million tons. These sludges are difficult to settle and contain large amounts of metal contaminants that, if discharged directly, can contaminate land and water resources. With the overall improvement of the environmental awareness of China and increasingly healthy environmental regulations of China, the treatment technology of oil sludge becomes a hotspot problem in the research of the fields of energy and environmental science at present.

At present, the treatment technology of domestic and foreign oily sludge is mainly classified into 3 types: physical-chemical extraction, biodegradation and heat treatment. The heat treatment method has great advantages in the aspects of harmlessness, reduction and recycling compared with other methods, the main means is incineration and pyrolysis, but the incineration has the problems of large energy consumption, high cost, serious secondary pollution and the like, the pyrolysis has the advantages of no secondary pollution, oil quality improvement, heavy metal stabilization and the like, and recycling and energy recycling are realized.

The existing pyrolysis equipment is heated by adopting steam or an electric furnace, and the energy consumption is higher. Chinese patent 201110082159.9 discloses an integrated method and system for regenerating fuel oil by pyrolyzing oil sludge, wherein a circulating fluidized bed is used for mixing burning coal and pyrolysis slag to provide energy for pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis slag contains heavy metals, which is easy to cause secondary pollution and has the problems of complex system, large equipment investment and the like. Therefore, an economic, efficient and stable treatment method is urgently needed to be developed, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the oily sludge is fundamentally solved, waste is turned into wealth, and resource recycling is realized

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a fatlute pyrolysis device, which has the advantages that a heating system and a pyrolysis system are separately arranged, open fire is prevented from contacting with fatlute, and the whole shell is protected by nitrogen, so that pyrolysis is safer, and harmful gases such as dioxin are prevented from being generated; the efficient heat exchanger is adopted for heat conduction, and a condensation system of physical condensation is adopted, so that the pyrolysis and condensation efficiency is higher, and more energy is saved.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: an oil sludge pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing oil sludge, a heat supply system for supplying heat to the pyrolysis system, an explosion-proof system for preventing crude oil from being combusted or exploded, and a condensation system;

the pyrolysis system comprises a heating assembly for heating the oil sludge and a crushing assembly for crushing and scattering the oil sludge, the heating assembly comprises a shell and an interlayer shell arranged outside the shell, a heating cavity is formed between the interlayer shell and the shell, a hot air inlet and a cold air outlet are formed in the interlayer shell, the hot air inlet and the cold air outlet are communicated with the heating cavity, and a feeding hole and a discharging hole are formed in the shell;

the heat supply system comprises a heat source assembly and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat source assembly is used for providing heat energy and comprises an air storage tank and a burner communicated with the air storage tank; the combustor is communicated with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is communicated with a hot air pipe, and the hot air pipe is communicated with a hot air inlet;

the condensation system comprises a condensation chamber, a condensation washing assembly and a storage tank which is arranged below the condensation chamber and used for storing oil and water, wherein a condensation inlet is formed in the condensation chamber, a gas phase discharge pipe is arranged on the shell, and the gas phase discharge pipe is communicated with the condensation inlet through a pipeline;

the explosion-proof system comprises a cooling assembly for cooling the crushing assembly and a nitrogen protection assembly for discharging oxygen to the outside of the shell;

be equipped with the water conservancy diversion piece in the heating chamber, the water conservancy diversion piece is equipped with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of along the length direction of casing the both sides of water conservancy diversion piece are laminated in casing and intermediate layer shell respectively, be equipped with hot-blast hole between the one end of water conservancy diversion piece and the casing, two adjacent hot-blast hole on the water conservancy diversion piece is crisscross to be set up.

Through the technical scheme, the feed inlet on the shell is used for feeding oil sludge into the shell, the discharge outlet on the shell is used for discharging the sludge after crude oil extraction, the shell is used for temporarily containing the oil sludge, and the heating cavity is used for storing heated media so that the oil sludge can be rapidly heated, and crude oil and moisture in the oil sludge can be rapidly evaporated into a gaseous state; the heat source assembly is used for providing heat energy for the equipment, and the burner is used for burning fuel in the gas storage tank so as to obtain heat energy; the heat exchanger is used for transferring the heat energy generated in the heat source assembly to the medium in the heat exchanger, so that the medium can bring the heat energy into the heating cavity, the combustion of the fuel is separated from the heating cavity in the pyrolysis system, the direct contact of the shell with open fire is avoided, the possibility of combustion of crude oil in the shell is avoided, crude oil can be obtained as much as possible, and secondary pollution caused by crude oil combustion is avoided; the crushing assembly is used for crushing the oil sludge, so that crude oil in the oil sludge can be heated more sufficiently, and the crude oil is evaporated faster and then extracted better. The gas phase discharge pipe arranged on the shell is used for discharging gaseous oil and water into the condensation chamber, and the condensation washing component in the condensation chamber is used for carrying out condensation washing on the gaseous oil and water, so that the gaseous oil and water can be converted into liquid state more quickly, and the oil and water can be collected conveniently; the storage tank is used for storing oil and water so that the liquid oil and water can be conveniently stood and settled, the oil and the water can be better separated, and the crude oil can be better extracted. The cooling assembly is used for cooling the crushing assembly, so that the crushing assembly is prevented from being damaged too quickly due to overheating in work, the stability of the crushing assembly is guaranteed, and the service life is prolonged; the nitrogen protection assembly is used for filling nitrogen into the shell, so that oxygen in the shell is removed, the condition that combustible materials in the shell are burnt is avoided, burning and even explosion are avoided, and the safety of equipment operation is improved. The flow deflector is used for guiding hot air in the heating cavity to flow, so that the hot air is fully contacted with the shell, the oil sludge in the shell can fully absorb heat in the hot air, and the oil sludge pyrolysis efficiency is better improved

The utility model discloses further set up to: the oil sludge primary separation system comprises an oil sludge washing assembly and a horizontal screw centrifuge, wherein the oil sludge washing assembly comprises an oil sludge washing pool, an oil sludge stirring blade and a high-temperature steam generator, the oil sludge stirring blade is rotationally connected with the oil sludge washing pool, the high-temperature steam generator is communicated with the oil sludge washing pool, a first oil sludge outlet is formed in the bottom of the oil sludge washing pool, and the first oil sludge outlet is communicated with the horizontal screw centrifuge; and a first liquid phase outlet and a first solid phase outlet are arranged on the horizontal screw centrifuge, and the first solid phase outlet is communicated with the feed inlet.

According to the technical scheme, the oil sludge washing tank is used for containing oil sludge, and the oil sludge stirring blades are used for stirring the oil sludge in the oil sludge washing tank, so that the oil sludge and the washing dispersant are mixed more uniformly, and oil can be better separated from the oil sludge; the high-temperature steam generator is used for generating high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam liquefies the oil, so that the fluidity of the oil is enhanced, and the activity of the washing dispersant is higher, so that the oil can be better separated from the oil sludge; the first liquid phase outlet is used for discharging oil and water in a liquid phase, the first solid phase outlet is used for discharging sludge, and the horizontal decanter centrifuge is used for separating a solid phase and a liquid phase in oil sludge, so that part of the liquid phase which is easy to separate in the oil sludge can be quickly separated, the workload of a pyrolysis system is reduced, and the efficiency of separating the oil from the oil sludge is improved better.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the crushing assembly comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft which are rotatably connected with the shell, and blades are arranged on the driving shaft and the driven shaft; the transmission assembly is arranged on the shell and comprises a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is connected with the driving shaft, the driven gear is connected with the driven shaft, and a rotating shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving shaft.

According to the technical scheme, the paddles on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are used for stirring and propelling the oil sludge, so that the oil sludge is uniformly crushed under the rotation of the paddles, the oil sludge is heated more uniformly, oil and water of the oil sludge can be evaporated into liquid state more quickly, and crude oil in the oil sludge can be extracted better; the driving gear and the driven gear are matched, so that synchronous rotation of the driving shaft and the driven shaft can be realized, oil sludge can be stirred more quickly, and oil and water in the oil sludge can be evaporated more quickly.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the paddle is interrupted and arranged, and the rotating directions of the paddles on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are opposite and staggered.

According to the technical scheme, the paddles are arranged discontinuously, and the paddles on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the paddles on the driving shaft and the driven shaft can cut and crush the oil sludge repeatedly, the oil sludge is heated more uniformly, and oil and water are heated and evaporated more quickly; the rotatory to opposite of paddle, again because from driving wheel and action wheel meshing transmission to make paddle on driving shaft and the driven shaft impel fatlute towards same direction, make fatlute can be stable impel to discharge gate department at the in-process of pyrolysis, so that the continuation carry out the pyrolysis processing to fatlute.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the shell is provided with at least two maintenance windows with the same size, the maintenance windows are communicated with the interior of the shell, a discharge pipe mounting plate is covered on one of the maintenance windows, and the gas-phase discharge pipe is arranged on the discharge pipe mounting plate; the maintenance window covers except the maintenance window for installing the exhaust pipe installing plate are provided with maintenance cover plates.

According to the technical scheme, the blades in the shell can be conveniently maintained by disassembling the maintenance cover plate, so that the stable operation of the blades is ensured; the discharging pipe mounting plate can be mounted on a required maintenance window according to actual conditions, so that the mounting and arrangement of the equipment are more flexible, and the assembling equipment can be more efficient and accurate.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the cooling assembly comprises a water storage sleeve, a water inlet hole, a water outlet hole and a water storage tank, wherein the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are respectively formed in two ends of the water storage sleeve, a cooling water pipe is arranged between the water storage tank and the water inlet hole and between the water storage tank and the water outlet hole, a cooling water pump is arranged on the cooling water pipe, and the water storage sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft and the driven shaft.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the water storage sleeve is used for holding the cooling water, and the inlet opening is arranged in supplying the cooling water in the water storage tank to enter into the water storage sleeve, and the apopore is used for supplying water and discharges to realize the circulation of cooling water, so that the quick heat with on driving shaft and the driven shaft is taken away, thereby avoids driving shaft and driven shaft because being heated and produce deformation, thereby makes rotation that driving shaft and driven shaft can be more stable.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the nitrogen protection subassembly includes nitrogen gas storage jar, nitrogen gas shaft seal ring and solenoid valve, be equipped with the intake pipe on the casing, be equipped with the gas-supply pipe on the nitrogen gas storage jar, the solenoid valve sets up on the gas-supply pipe, intake pipe and gas-supply pipe intercommunication.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, nitrogen gas storage jar is used for saving nitrogen gas, and the solenoid valve is used for controlling opening and close of gas-supply pipe for when the oxygen concentration in the casing is higher, can carry nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas bearing seal ring through opening the solenoid valve, so that seal the clearance between driving shaft and driven shaft and the casing, ensure that the oxygen content in the casing is less than 1%, avoid crude oil to take place the burning, make fatlute can be more the pyrolysis of carrying on of safety and stability.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the condensation chamber is sequentially provided with a washing cavity and an adsorption cavity for removing harmful gases from one side of the condensation inlet to one side far away from the condensation inlet, and the bottom of the condensation chamber is provided with a pore plate; the condensation washing assembly comprises a spray head and a pall ring, the spray head is arranged in the washing cavity, and the pall ring is filled in the washing cavity.

Through the technical scheme, the spray header in the washing cavity is used for spraying cooling water, so that gas-phase oil and water entering the condensing chamber can be rapidly cooled and condensed, and the gas-phase oil and water are rapidly converted into liquid-phase oil and water; the pall ring is a high-flux filler for separating gas and liquid, so that liquid water and oil in the gas flow can be rapidly settled; the adsorption cavity can be filled with adsorption filler so as to absorb harmful gas, so that finally discharged waste gas is harmless.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the casing is equipped with threely, three along vertical direction feed inlet and discharge gate on the casing all set up at the both ends of casing along central symmetry, and are three the feed inlet sets up in the side of the top, and is three the discharge gate sets up the lower part at the casing to the discharge gate that is located the casing of top corresponds with the feed inlet of the casing that is located the below.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, fatlute loops through three casing for fatlute carries out the pyrolysis that relapses, thereby more thorough draws out the crude oil in the fatlute, further improvement the rate of recovery of crude oil.

To sum up, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. by adopting an independent heat supply system and efficient heat exchange equipment, the direct contact of the oil sludge with a heat medium and an open fire can be avoided, so that the combustion of the oil sludge is better avoided, the pyrolysis efficiency of the oil sludge is improved, and secondary pollutants generated by the combustion of crude oil are also avoided;

2. three shells are arranged in the vertical direction, and the oil sludge is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the three shells in sequence, so that crude oil in the oil sludge is gasified more thoroughly, and the crude oil is extracted more fully;

3. the paddle that adopts crisscross setting each other carries out the cutting that relapses to fatlute, makes fatlute breakage become tiny granule to even quick being heated more, thus more thorough draws out the crude oil in the fatlute.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the whole of embodiment 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the preliminary sludge separation system of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat source module and a thermal cycle module of example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pyrolysis system of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the nitrogen shield assembly of example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the pyrolysis system of example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the transmission assembly and the crushing assembly of embodiment 1;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the positional relationship of the gas phase discharge pipe and the housing of embodiment 1;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 5;

fig. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a condensation system of embodiment 1.

Reference numerals: 1. an oil-sludge preliminary separation system; 2. a pyrolysis system; 3. a heating system; 4. an explosion-proof system; 5. a condensing system; 7. a sludge washing assembly; 8. a horizontal screw centrifuge; 9. an oil sludge washing pool; 10. an oil sludge stirring blade; 11. a high temperature steam generator; 12. a first sludge outlet; 13. a first liquid phase outlet; 14. a first solid phase outlet; 15. a heating assembly; 16. a crushing assembly; 17. a transmission assembly; 18. a housing; 19. a heating cavity; 20. a hot air inlet; 21. a cold air outlet; 22. a heat-insulating layer; 23. a drive shaft; 24. a driven shaft; 25. an installation section; 26. a paddle; 27. a sandwich housing; 28. a heat source assembly; 29. a thermal cycle assembly; 30. a gas storage tank; 31. a burner; 32. a hot air outlet; 33. a hot air circulating fan; 34. an air outlet pipe; 35. a return air duct; 36. a heat exchanger; 37. a heating medium inlet; 38. a refrigerant inlet; 39. a heating medium outlet; 40. a first exhaust gas outlet; 41. a feed inlet; 42. a discharge port; 43. a hot air pipe; 44. a hot air branch pipe; 45. a drive motor; 46. a driving gear; 47. a driven gear; 48. mounting a plate; 49. a speed reducer; 51. a cooling assembly; 52. a nitrogen protection component; 53. an input end bearing seat; 54. a tail end bearing seat; 55. a water storage sleeve; 56. a water inlet hole; 57. a water outlet hole; 59. a cooling water pipe; 60. a cooling water pump; 61. a nitrogen storage tank; 62. a nitrogen shaft seal ring; 64. an electromagnetic valve; 65. an oxygen concentration sensor; 66. an air inlet pipe; 67. a gas delivery pipe; 68. a sampling tube; 69. an integrated temperature transmitter; 70. an evaporation chamber; 71. a gas phase discharge pipe; 72. a discharge pipe mounting plate; 73. a condensation inlet; 74. a second exhaust gas outlet; 75. a high pressure fan; 76. a washing chamber; 77. a drying chamber; 78. an adsorption chamber; 79. a shower head; 80. pall ring; 81. a water storage tank; 82. a high pressure water pump; 83. a condensing chamber; 84. a condensing and washing assembly; 85. a storage box; 86. drying the filler; 87. an oil-water separation device; 88. a liquid phase inlet; 89. a crude oil outlet; 90. a waste water outlet; 91. a second liquid phase outlet; 92. a stirring motor; 93. the stirring shaft is prolonged; 94. a flow deflector; 95. a hot air through hole; 96. maintaining the cover plate; 97. maintaining the window; 98. installing a flanging; 99. a sealing groove; 100. sealing the inserting plate; 101. a heat preservation box; 102. a heat preservation cavity.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, an oil sludge pyrolysis apparatus includes an oil sludge preliminary separation system 1, a pyrolysis system 2, a heat supply system 3, an explosion-proof system 4, a condensation system 5, and an oil-water separation apparatus 87; the oil sludge preliminary separation system 1 is used for carrying out preliminary treatment on oil sludge containing more liquid phases and separating out a part of liquid phases which are well separated from the oil sludge; the pyrolysis system 2 is used for fully pyrolyzing the oil sludge, so that water, oil and solid phases in the oil sludge are separated, and the purpose of fully pyrolyzing the oil sludge is achieved; the heat supply system 3 is used for supplying heat to the pyrolysis system 2, so that the oil sludge in the pyrolysis system 2 can be kept at a temperature of about 500 ℃, and crude oil and water in the oil sludge can be decomposed in a gas phase; the explosion-proof system 4 is used for filling nitrogen into the pyrolysis system 2, and reducing the oxygen content in the pyrolysis system 2 to below 1%, so that the crude oil has no combustion or explosion condition, thereby avoiding the combustion or explosion of the crude oil and ensuring the pyrolysis safety of the oil sludge; the condensing system 5 is used for condensing and settling out crude oil and moisture in the gas phase so as to recycle the oil and water; the oil-water separating device 87 is used to separate water and oil in a liquid phase for sufficient recovery of the water and oil.

Referring to fig. 2, the sludge preliminary separation system 1 comprises a sludge wash module 7 for emulsifying oil and water in the sludge and a decanter centrifuge 8 for preliminarily separating solid and liquid phases; the sludge washing assembly 7 comprises a sludge washing pool 9, a sludge stirring blade 10 rotatably arranged on the sludge washing pool 9 and a high-temperature steam generator 11 communicated with the sludge washing pool 9. The oil sludge washing pool 9 is used for containing oil sludge, and a first oil sludge outlet 12 is formed in the bottom of the oil sludge washing pool 9; adding a sludge washing dispersant into the sludge washing tank 9, wherein the sludge washing dispersant can adopt mixed alkali consisting of inorganic alkali and inorganic salt, and the sludge washing dispersant can also adopt an environment-friendly dispersant for treating oily sludge disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number of 106277710A; high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature steam generator 11 is communicated into the oil sludge washing pool 9 through a pipeline, and the high-temperature steam heats a mixture of oil sludge and an oil sludge washing dispersant in the oil sludge washing pool 9, so that oil and water in the oil sludge can be emulsified more quickly; fixedly connected with agitator motor 92 on the fatlute washing pond 9, fixedly connected with extension (mixing) shaft 93 on agitator motor 92's the main shaft, extension (mixing) shaft 93 and fatlute stirring vane 10 fixed connection, agitator motor 92 can drive fatlute stirring vane 10 and stir the fatlute in the fatlute washing pond 9 for fatlute and fatlute wash the more even of dispersant mixture, thereby make oil and the more thorough and high-efficient that can emulsify of hydroenergy in the fatlute.

Referring to fig. 2, the decanter centrifuge 8 is preferably a sludge wastewater treatment centrifuge of model LW420X1800Y, manufactured by shanghai ruiwei electromechanical devices limited, and performs a preliminary centrifugal separation of the solid and liquid phases of the sludge to separate a portion of the oil and water from the sludge; a screw conveyor is arranged between the horizontal screw centrifuge 8 and the oil sludge washing tank 9, and a feed inlet 41 is formed in the horizontal screw centrifuge 8; a first oil sludge outlet 12 of the oil sludge washing pool 9 corresponds to a feed port 41 on the horizontal decanter centrifuge 8, and emulsified oil sludge is conveyed into the horizontal decanter centrifuge 8 from the first oil sludge outlet 12 by a screw conveyor; the horizontal screw centrifuge 8 is provided with a first liquid phase outlet 13 and a first solid phase outlet 14, the first liquid phase outlet 13 is used for discharging oil and water, the first solid phase outlet 14 is used for discharging solid phase, and the discharged solid phase also contains part of oil and water.

Referring to fig. 3, the heating system 3 includes a heat source assembly 28 and a heat circulation assembly 29 for providing heat energy, the heat source assembly 28 includes a gas storage tank 30 for storing liquefied natural gas and a burner 31, a pipeline is provided between the gas storage tank 30 and the burner 31, the pipeline transports the liquefied natural gas in the gas storage tank 30 to the burner 31, a hot air outlet 32 is provided on the burner 31, and the hot air outlet 32 is used for outputting heated gas; the thermal circulation assembly 29 comprises a hot air circulation fan 33 for conveying hot air, an air outlet pipe 34 communicated with the hot air circulation fan 33 and an air return pipe 35 communicated with the hot air circulation fan 33, and the air outlet pipe 34 is communicated with a heat exchanger 36. The heat exchanger 36 is preferably a combined plate heat exchanger, the end of the heat exchanger 36 close to the burner 31 is provided with a heat medium inlet 37 and a refrigerant inlet 38, the end of the heat exchanger 36 far from the refrigerant inlet 38 is provided with a heat medium outlet 39, and the end of the heat exchanger 36 far from the heat medium inlet 37 is provided with a first waste gas outlet 40.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the pyrolysis system 2 comprises a heating assembly 15 for heating the sludge, a breaking assembly 16 for breaking up and breaking up the sludge, and a transmission assembly 17; the heating assembly 15 comprises three shells 18 arranged along the vertical direction and a sandwich shell 27 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shell 18, the sandwich shell 27 and the shell 18 are provided with a heating cavity 19, the cross section of the shell 18 is approximately U-shaped, the shell 18 is cast by nickel series heat-resistant cast iron, and the upper side of the shell 18 is provided with an evaporation cavity 70.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the heating cavity 19 is disposed outside the circular arc segment, a plurality of flow deflectors 94 are disposed in the heating cavity 19, the flow deflectors 94 are disposed along the length direction of the casing 18, two sides of the plurality of flow deflectors 94 are respectively attached to the casing 18 and the interlayer housing 27, hot air through holes 95 are disposed between one end of each flow deflector 94 and the casing 18, and the hot air through holes 95 on two adjacent flow deflectors 94 are disposed on two sides of the casing 18 in a staggered manner; be equipped with on the intermediate layer shell 27 all with hot-blast entry 20 and the cold wind export 21 of heating chamber 19 intercommunication, hot-blast entry 20 and cold wind export 21 set up respectively at intermediate layer shell 27 along length direction's both ends, and intermediate layer shell 27's the outside is fixed with heat preservation 22, and heat preservation 22 is preferred: porous ceramics made of aluminosilicate materials. An integrated temperature transmitter 69 is secured to the outside of housing 18, with integrated temperature transmitter 69 preferably being an integrated temperature transmitter 69 model SBWZ-2480/236.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a group of crushing assemblies 16 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on three shells 18, each crushing assembly 16 comprises a driving shaft 23 and a driven shaft 24 which are rotatably connected with the shells 18, each of the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 is provided with an installation section 25, the installation sections 25 are arranged in the shells 18, the cross sections of the installation sections 25 are in a cross shape, blades 26 are installed on the installation sections 25 through bolts, a plurality of blades 26 are spirally arranged around the axes of the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24, the spiral direction of the blades 26 around the driving shaft 23 is opposite to the spiral direction around the driven shaft 24, and four blades 26 are uniformly distributed on one screw pitch; the paddles 26 on the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 are staggered.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the hot air outlet 32 is in communication with the heating medium inlet 37 through a pipe, and the air outlet pipe 34 is in communication with the cooling medium inlet 38; the hot air pipe 43 is communicated with the hot air outlet 39, the hot air pipe 43 is communicated with three hot air branch pipes 44, and the three hot air branch pipes 44 are respectively communicated with the hot air inlets 20 on the three heating cavities 19; the return air pipe 35 is communicated with three return air branch pipes which are respectively communicated with the cold air outlet 21 on the heating cavity 19. The gas storage tank 30 feeds liquefied natural gas into the burner 31, the burner 31 burns the liquefied natural gas to heat air, then the heated hot gas enters the heat exchanger 36 from the hot air outlet 32, and the heat exchanger 36 transfers heat energy to the air in the hot air pipe 43.

Referring to fig. 3 and 6, the heated air circulating fan 33 pumps heated air into the heating cavity 19, the heat in the heating cavity 19 heats the oil sludge in the casing 18, and the oil sludge is crushed and stirred by the paddle 26, so that the oil sludge can be heated more sufficiently, and the oil and water in the oil sludge can be evaporated into a gas phase more sufficiently and rapidly; the air with heat flows from one end of the hot air inlet 20 to one end of the cold air outlet 21, the heat is absorbed by the oil sludge in the shell 18 and then is changed into air with relatively low heat, and the air with low heat is pumped and discharged into the heat exchanger 36 from the cold air outlet 21 by the hot air circulating fan 33; the circulation is carried out in such a way that the sludge in the shell 18 is kept at a constant high temperature all the time; in the environment of continuous high temperature, water and oil in the sludge in the shell 18 are evaporated into gas phase, so that the water and oil in the sludge are more completely separated.

Referring to fig. 5 and 7, three shells 18 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 41 and a discharge outlet 42, the feed inlet 41 is arranged above the shell 18, the discharge outlet 42 is arranged below the shell 18, and the feed inlet 41 and the discharge outlet 42 are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell 18 along the length direction; the discharge port 42 of the upper shell 18 corresponds to and communicates with the feed port 41 of the middle shell 18, and the discharge port 42 of the middle shell 18 corresponds to and communicates with the feed port 41 of the lower shell 18. The paddle 26 rotates to push the oil sludge from the feed port 41 to the discharge port 42, and the paddle 26 on the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 crushes and stirs the oil sludge in the pushing process.

Referring to fig. 7, a group of transmission assemblies 17 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the three housings 18, each transmission assembly 17 includes a driving motor 45, a driving gear 46 and a driven gear 47, the driving gear 46 is connected with the driving shaft 23 through a flat key, the driven gear 47 is connected with the driven shaft 24 through a flat key, the driven gear 47 is engaged with the driving gear 46, and the driving motor 45 is used for driving the driving shaft 23 to rotate; an installation plate 48 is fixed at one end of the shell 18 close to the driving motor 45, the driving motor 45 is fixedly arranged on the installation plate 48, a speed reducer 49 is fixed on the installation plate 48, a main shaft of the driving motor 45 is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer 49 through a coupler, and an output shaft of the speed reducer 49 is connected with a driving main shaft through a coupler. The driving motor 45 drives the driving shaft 23 to rotate, and the driven gear 47 is meshed with the driving gear 46, so that the driven shaft 24 and the driving shaft 23 rotate in opposite directions; and the rotating directions of the paddles 26 on the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 are opposite, so that the paddles 26 on the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 can push the sludge to move in the same direction. Because the paddles 26 are intermittent, the sludge will travel to a stop when moving forward, and when the sludge stops, just the paddle 26 on the other shaft rotates, i.e. the paddle 26 cuts into the sludge mass and continues to push the sludge forward. The oil sludge is cut and pushed continuously by repeating the steps.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a plurality of maintenance windows 97 with the same size are formed at the vertical section at the upper side of the shell 18, the maintenance windows 97 are used for workers to observe the inside of the shell 18, the blades 26 are convenient to mount and dismount through the maintenance windows 97, a mounting flange 98 is fixed at the position, located at the maintenance windows 97, of the shell 18, a sealing groove 99 with the section being "Contraband" is fixed around the inner sides of the maintenance windows 97, and sealing filler is filled in the sealing groove 99; the mounting flange 98 is connected with a maintenance cover plate 96 through a bolt, one side of the maintenance cover plate 96 facing the shell 18 is fixedly provided with a sealing insert plate 100, and the sealing insert plate 100 is inserted into a sealing filler in a sealing groove 99, so that the sealing property of the shell 18 is better ensured, and the gas in the evaporation cavity 70 is prevented from leaking out; a heat preservation box 101 is fixed on one side of the maintenance cover plate 96 facing the shell 18, a heat preservation cavity 102 is formed between the heat preservation box 101 and the maintenance cover plate 96, and the heat preservation layer 22 is filled in the heat preservation cavity 102; the maintenance cover plates 96 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the shell 18, and when a certain section of the blade 26 needs to be maintained, only the corresponding maintenance cover plate 96 needs to be detached, so that the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 6 and 9, a gas phase discharge pipe 71 is provided at one maintenance window 97 of a plurality of maintenance windows 97, a discharge pipe mounting plate 72 is fixed to the gas phase discharge pipe 71, and the discharge pipe mounting plate 72 is connected to the mounting flange 98 by bolts; the gas phase discharge pipe 71 is arranged on the side of the discharge pipe mounting plate 72 far away from the shell 18, and the caliber of the gas phase discharge pipe 71 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the shell 18; the oil and water in the vapor phase in the evaporation chamber 70 are discharged to the outside of the casing 18 through the vapor phase discharge pipe 71.

Referring to fig. 5 and 10, the explosion-proof system 4 comprises a cooling assembly 51 and a nitrogen protection assembly 52, an input end bearing seat 53 is fixed on the mounting plate 48, the input end bearing seats 53 correspond to the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 one by one, and a tail end bearing seat 54 is fixed at one end of the housing 18 far away from the input end bearing seats 53; bearings are fixed in the input end bearing seat 53 and the tail end bearing seat 54, inner rings of the bearings are fixedly connected with the driving shaft 23 or the driven shaft 24, and sealing rings are arranged between the inner rings of the bearings and outer rings of the bearings; the cooling assembly 51 comprises a water storage sleeve 55, a water inlet hole 56 formed in the water storage sleeve 55, a water outlet hole 57 formed in the water storage sleeve 55 and a water storage tank (not shown in the figure), wherein the water storage sleeve 55 is fixedly connected with the input end bearing seat 53 or the tail end bearing seat 54; the storage water tank is used for saving the cooling water, all is equipped with condenser tube 59 between storage water tank and inlet opening 56 and the apopore 57, is equipped with cooling water pump 60 on the condenser tube 59, and cooling water pump 60 can carry out the pump drainage to water to make the cooling water circulate, better take away the heat on driving shaft 23, driven shaft 24 and the bearing, thereby better avoid the bearing to damage because the high temperature.

Referring to fig. 5 and 10, the nitrogen protection assembly 52 includes a nitrogen storage tank 61, a nitrogen shaft seal ring 62, an electromagnetic valve 64, and an oxygen concentration sensor 65 disposed on the housing 18, the nitrogen storage tank 61 is used for storing compressed nitrogen, both ends of the housing 18 located at the input end bearing seat 53 and the tail end bearing seat 54 are provided with an air inlet pipe 66, the air inlet pipe 66 is communicated with the housing 18, an air inlet pipe 67 is disposed between the nitrogen storage tank 61 and the air inlet pipe 66, and the electromagnetic valve 64 is disposed on the air inlet pipe 67. A sampling tube 68 is fixed on the position of the shell 18 close to the air inlet tube 66, the sampling tube 68 is communicated with the inside of the shell 18, the oxygen concentration sensor 65 is fixed on the sampling tube 68, and a probe of the oxygen concentration sensor 65 is inserted in the sampling tube 68; the two ends of the driving shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 are sleeved with the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62, the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62 is arranged on the outer side of the shell 18, one end of the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62 is fixedly connected with the input end bearing seat 53 or the tail end bearing seat 54, one end of the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62, which is far away from the input end bearing seat 53 or the tail end bearing seat 54, is connected with the water storage sleeve 55 through a bolt, an air inlet nozzle is fixed on the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62 and is communicated with an inner hole of the nitrogen shaft seal ring 62, and the nitrogen storage tank 61 is communicated with the air inlet nozzle through an air pipe.

Referring to fig. 6 and 11, the condensing system 5 includes a condensing chamber 83, a condensing washing assembly 84, and a storage tank 85 disposed below the condensing chamber 83. The condensing chamber 83 is provided with a condensing inlet 73, one side of the condensing chamber 83, which is far away from the condensing inlet 73, is provided with a second waste gas outlet 74, the bottom of the condensing chamber 83 is a pore plate, the inside of the condensing chamber 83 is divided into a washing cavity 76, a drying cavity 77 and an adsorption cavity 78, and the washing cavity 76, the drying cavity 77 and the adsorption cavity 78 are sequentially arranged from the condensing inlet 73 to the second waste gas outlet 74; the condensation inlet 73 is communicated with the gas phase discharge pipe 71 through a pipeline, a high pressure fan 75 is arranged on the pipeline, the high pressure fan 75 is preferably a high pressure centrifugal fan with model RB-71D-2 manufactured by the full wind environmental protection technology Co., Ltd, and the high pressure fan 75 pumps and discharges the oil and the water in the gas phase from the evaporation cavity 70 to the condensation chamber 83.

Referring to fig. 11, the condensing washing assembly 84 includes a shower head 79 and a pall ring 80, the shower head 79 is fixedly disposed at the top of the washing chamber 76, the shower head 79 is communicated with a water storage tank 81 through a pipeline, and a high pressure water pump 82 is disposed on the pipeline between the shower head 79 and the water storage tank 81; the high pressure water pump 82 sprays the water in the water storage tank 81 from the shower head 79, and the water is sprayed from the shower head 79, so that the sprayed water can be quickly contacted with the oil and water in the gas phase in the washing cavity 76, and the oil and water in the gas phase are quickly cooled and condensed into oil drops and water drops. The pall ring 80 is a packing for gas-liquid separation, and the pall ring 80 is filled in the middle lower portion in the washing chamber 76; after the liquefied water drops and oil drops contact with the pall ring 80 in the washing cavity 76, the liquefied water drops and oil drops are adhered to the surface of the pall ring 80 and separated from air, after the oil drops and the water drops adhered to the pall ring 80 continuously have new oil drops and are in collision contact with each other, the oil drops and the water drops are coarsely granulated, and when the gravity is larger than the adsorption force, the oil drops and the water drops leave the pall ring 80 and fall into the storage tank 85. The oil and water in the storage tank 85 is kept still for a period of time, and the oil and water are primarily separated under the action of gravity.

Referring to fig. 11, the gas enters the drying chamber 77 after passing through the washing chamber 76, and the middle lower part of the drying chamber 77 is uniformly filled with a dry filler 86, wherein the dry filler 86 is preferably a pall ring 80; the gas in the drying chamber 77 contacts with the pall ring 80, water drops and oil drops in the gas are further adsorbed by the pall ring 80, and the moisture and oil in the gas are thoroughly separated; the adsorption cavity 78 is uniformly filled with an adsorption filler, preferably activated carbon, which can adsorb non-condensable gas and other harmful gases, so that the purified gas is discharged from the second waste gas outlet 74.

Referring to fig. 2 and 11, the oil-water separation device 87 is preferably a disk centrifuge with a model of DHC470, a liquid phase inlet 88, a crude oil outlet 89 and a wastewater outlet 90 are formed in the oil-water separation device 87, a second liquid phase outlet 91 is formed in the upper portion of the storage tank 85, and the first liquid phase outlet 13 and the second liquid phase outlet 91 of the horizontal decanter centrifuge 8 are both communicated with the liquid phase inlet 88 through pipelines; the oil-water mixture in the storage tank 85 and the oil-water mixture separated in the horizontal decanter centrifuge 8 enter the oil-water separation device 87 through the liquid phase inlet 88, and then the oil-water separation device 87 further separates the oil-water mixture, so that the separated crude oil is rapidly discharged from the crude oil outlet 89 and the separated waste water is discharged from the waste water outlet 90.

This embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention, which is not a limitation of the present invention, and to those of ordinary skill in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An oil sludge pyrolysis plant is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis system (2) for pyrolyzing oil sludge, a heat supply system (3) for supplying heat to the pyrolysis system (2), an explosion-proof system (4) for avoiding combustion or explosion of crude oil, and a condensation system (5);

the pyrolysis system (2) comprises a heating assembly (15) for heating oil sludge and a crushing assembly (16) for crushing and scattering the oil sludge, the heating assembly (15) comprises a shell (18) and an interlayer shell (27) arranged on the outer side of the shell (18), a heating cavity (19) is formed by the interlayer shell (27) and the shell (18), a hot air inlet (20) and a cold air outlet (21) are formed in the interlayer shell (27), the hot air inlet (20) and the cold air outlet (21) are both communicated with the heating cavity (19), and a feeding hole (41) and a discharging hole (42) are formed in the shell (18);

the heating system (3) comprises a heat source assembly (28) for providing thermal energy and a heat exchanger (36), the heat source assembly (28) comprises an air storage tank (30) and a burner (31) communicated with the air storage tank (30); the burner (31) is communicated with a heat exchanger (36), a hot air pipe (43) is communicated with the heat exchanger (36), and the hot air pipe (43) is communicated with the hot air inlet (20);

the condensing system (5) comprises a condensing chamber (83), a condensing and washing assembly (84) and a storage tank (85) which is arranged below the condensing chamber (83) and used for storing oil and water, wherein a condensing inlet (73) is formed in the condensing chamber (83), a gas phase discharge pipe (71) is arranged on the shell (18), and the gas phase discharge pipe (71) is communicated with the condensing inlet (73) through a pipeline;

the explosion-proof system (4) comprises a cooling assembly (51) for cooling the crushing assembly (16) and a nitrogen protection assembly (52) for excluding oxygen to the outside of the casing (18);

be equipped with water conservancy diversion piece (94) in heating chamber (19), water conservancy diversion piece (94) are equipped with a plurality ofly, a plurality ofly along the length direction of casing (18) the both sides of water conservancy diversion piece (94) are laminated in casing (18) and intermediate layer shell (27) respectively, be equipped with between the one end of water conservancy diversion piece (94) and casing (18) hot-blast through-hole (95), two adjacent hot-blast through-hole (95) on water conservancy diversion piece (94) crisscross the setting.

2. The oil sludge pyrolysis equipment as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an oil sludge preliminary separation system (1), wherein the oil sludge preliminary separation system (1) comprises an oil sludge washing assembly (7) and a decanter centrifuge (8), the oil sludge washing assembly (7) comprises an oil sludge washing tank (9), an oil sludge stirring blade (10) and a high temperature steam generator (11), the oil sludge stirring blade is rotatably connected with the oil sludge washing tank (9), the high temperature steam generator (11) is communicated with the oil sludge washing tank (9), a first oil sludge outlet (12) is formed in the bottom of the oil sludge washing tank (9), and the first oil sludge outlet (12) is communicated with the decanter centrifuge (8); the horizontal decanter centrifuge (8) is provided with a first liquid phase outlet (13) and a first solid phase outlet (14), and the first solid phase outlet (14) is communicated with the feed inlet (41).

3. The sludge pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the crushing assembly (16) comprises a driving shaft (23) and a driven shaft (24) which are rotatably connected with the casing (18), and the driving shaft (23) and the driven shaft (24) are provided with paddles (26); be equipped with drive assembly (17) on casing (18), drive assembly (17) include driving motor (45), intermeshing's driving gear (46) and driven gear (47), driving gear (46) are connected with driving shaft (23), driven gear (47) are connected with driven shaft (24), the pivot and the driving shaft (23) of driving motor (45) are connected.

4. A sludge pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the paddles (26) are intermittently arranged, and the paddles (26) on the driving shaft (23) and the driven shaft (24) are oppositely and alternately arranged.

5. The sludge pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing (18) is provided with at least two maintenance windows (97) with the same size, the maintenance windows (97) are communicated with the inside of the casing (18), one of the maintenance windows (97) is covered with a discharge pipe mounting plate (72), and the gas phase discharge pipe (71) is arranged on the discharge pipe mounting plate (72); the maintenance windows (97) except the maintenance window (97) for installing the exhaust pipe installation plate (72) are covered with a maintenance cover plate (96).

6. The oil sludge pyrolysis equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cooling assembly (51) comprises a water storage sleeve (55), a water inlet hole (56), a water outlet hole (57) and a water storage tank, the water inlet hole (56) and the water outlet hole (57) are respectively arranged at two ends of the water storage sleeve (55), a cooling water pipe (59) is respectively arranged between the water storage tank and the water inlet hole (56) and the water outlet hole (57), a cooling water pump (60) is arranged on the cooling water pipe (59), and the water storage sleeve (55) is respectively sleeved on the driving shaft (23) and the driven shaft (24).

7. The oil sludge pyrolysis equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen protection assembly (52) comprises a nitrogen storage tank (61), a nitrogen shaft seal ring (62) and an electromagnetic valve (64), an air inlet pipe (66) is arranged on the casing (18), an air delivery pipe (67) is arranged on the nitrogen storage tank (61), the electromagnetic valve (64) is arranged on the air delivery pipe (67), and the air inlet pipe (66) is communicated with the air delivery pipe (67).

8. A sludge pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the condensing chamber (83) is provided with a washing chamber (76) and an adsorption chamber (78) for removing harmful gases in sequence from the side of the condensing inlet (73) to the side far away from the condensing inlet (73), and the bottom of the condensing chamber (83) is provided with a pore plate; the condensation washing assembly (84) comprises a shower head (79) and a Bohr ring (80), the shower head (79) is arranged in the washing cavity (76), and the Bohr ring (80) is filled in the washing cavity (76).

9. A sludge pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the casing (18) is provided with three inlet ports (41) and three outlet ports (42) in the vertical direction, the three inlet ports (41) and the three outlet ports (42) are arranged at two ends of the casing (18) along the central symmetry, the three inlet ports (41) are arranged at the upper side, the three outlet ports (42) are arranged at the lower part of the casing (18), and the outlet port (42) of the casing (18) at the upper part corresponds to the inlet port (41) of the casing (18) at the lower part.

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