CN210247492U

CN210247492U - Wheat seeder

Info

Publication number: CN210247492U
Application number: CN201921072695.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冀振国
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-10
Filing date: 2019-07-10
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-10

Abstract

A wheat seeder belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a rack with handrails, wherein a driving part and a blanking hopper for accommodating seeds are arranged on the rack, a seeding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the blanking hopper, a furrow mechanism is arranged at the front part of the rack, walking wheels are arranged at the rear part of the rack, and the furrow mechanism and the walking wheels are driven by the driving part; and a clutch mechanism is arranged between the travelling wheel and the sowing mechanism and used for sowing when the travelling wheel moves forward and stopping sowing when the travelling wheel moves backward. The utility model realizes ditching soil in the walking process by driving the furrow mechanism and the walking wheels by the driving part, further throws seeds in the blanking hopper in the field by the seeding mechanism, and conveniently pushes the frame to move by the handrail, thereby facilitating seeding on small-area plots; the purpose of sowing when going forward and stopping sowing when going backward is realized by utilizing the clutch mechanism between the travelling wheel and the sowing mechanism, and the seeds are prevented from being left in the process of backing.

Description

Wheat seeder

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine, especially, relate to a wheat seeder.

Background

Wheat is planted in most yield areas in the north of China, and wheat seeding mechanical equipment is popularized along with the rapid development of agricultural mechanization. For large-scale wheat planting in plain areas, large-scale seeders can be applied, and for small farmlands in mountain areas or hilly areas, the application of large-scale seeders is not practical due to the limited land areas and terrains, and the wheat planting is still in original manual seeding.

In order to solve the current situation, a small seeder suitable for small-area planting has been developed by the general public, and a patent such as application No. 201420370762.6 discloses a combined wheat and corn seeder capable of performing seeding operation by using a tractor for traction, but the machine is only suitable for a land where the tractor can run. The seeder disclosed in the patent application No. 201820435896.X can travel by hand and is suitable for wheat planting in small-area plots, but the seed discharge needs to be manually controlled when the seeder moves forward and backward.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a wheat seeder is provided can be fit for the seeding of small size plot wheat, need not to be equipped with any pulling equipment, can realize advancing the seeding, retreat the effect that stops the seeding.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:

a wheat seeder comprises a frame with a handrail, wherein a driving part and a blanking hopper for accommodating seeds are arranged on the frame, a seeding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the blanking hopper, a furrow mechanism is arranged at the front part of the frame, traveling wheels are arranged at the rear part of the frame, and the furrow mechanism and the traveling wheels are driven by the driving part; and a clutch mechanism is arranged between the travelling wheel and the sowing mechanism and used for sowing when the travelling wheel moves forward and stopping sowing when the travelling wheel moves backward.

Preferably, the seeding mechanism comprises a seeding box and an impeller, the impeller is arranged in the middle of the seeding box, the seeding box is arranged at the bottom of the discharging hopper, an opening communicated with the seeding box is formed in the bottom of the discharging hopper, and a discharging hole facing soil is formed in the bottom of the seeding box; the two walking wheels are fixed on a transmission shaft driven by a driving part, the middle part of the impeller is fixed on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft and the rotating shaft are connected with a clutch mechanism.

Preferably, the clutch mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl wheel, a first intermediate wheel, a second intermediate wheel and an intermediate shaft parallel to the transmission shaft, two ends of the intermediate shaft are rotationally matched with a supporting seat fixed on the bottom surface of the rack, the intermediate shaft is of a split structure, the ratchet wheel and the first intermediate wheel are coaxially fixed and sleeved on one side of the intermediate shaft through a bearing, the pawl wheel and the second intermediate wheel are coaxially fixed and sleeved on the other side of the intermediate shaft through the bearing, an inner gear ring of the ratchet wheel is provided with a tooth shape, the pawl wheel is provided with two pawls, and the pawl wheel is sleeved in the ratchet wheel; the first intermediate wheel is connected with the rotating shaft through a first chain, and the second intermediate wheel is connected with the transmission shaft through a second chain.

Preferably, the driving part comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer and a driving axle, an output shaft of the driving motor drives the furrow mechanism through a synchronous belt, an output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially fixed with an input shaft of the speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the driving axle through a transmission rod, and the driving axle drives two walking wheels to walk.

Preferably, the furrow mechanism comprises a coulter and a saw blade for cutting straws or weeds, the coulter consists of two coulters with an acute included angle, the lower ends of the two coulters are fixed, the sharp angle is advanced, the middle parts of the front sides of the two coulters are provided with openings for containing the saw blade, and the upper ends of the two coulters are fixed on the frame; the saw blade is fixed on the cutter shaft, and the cutter shaft is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor through synchronous belt transmission.

Preferably; a furrow opener is arranged below the seeding box, the furrow opener is in a hollow tubular shape, and the front part of the lower end of the furrow opener is provided with a downward inclined sharp corner.

Preferably, the rear of furrow opener is equipped with the press wheel, the press wheel passes through the installation pole and sets up in the frame, the upper end of installation pole runs through the frame in proper order and adjusts spring and lock nut cooperation, be equipped with the adjustment spring between lock nut and the frame.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: compared with the prior art, the utility model realizes ditching soil in the walking process by driving the plough mechanism and the walking wheels by the driving part, further throws seeds in the blanking hopper in the field by the seeding mechanism, and conveniently pushes the frame to move by the aid of the handrail, thereby facilitating seeding on small-area plots; the purpose of sowing when going forward and stopping sowing when going backward is realized by utilizing the clutch mechanism between the travelling wheel and the sowing mechanism, and the seeds are prevented from being left in the process of backing.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wheat seeder provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a wheat seeder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sowing mechanism at the bottom of the lower hopper in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a clutch mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the ratchet of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a left side view of the ratchet wheel and second intermediate wheel of FIG. 5

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a driving part in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the furrow mechanism of FIG. 1;

in the figure: 1-a handrail; 2-a frame; 3-driving part, 30-driving motor, 31-speed reducer, 32-driving axle, 33-driving rod, 34-control switch and 35-universal coupling; 4-discharging the hopper; 5-walking wheels; 6-sowing the boxes; 7-an impeller; 8-a transmission shaft; 9-a rotating shaft; 10-ratchet wheel; 11-a ratchet wheel; 12-a first intermediate wheel; 13-a second intermediate wheel; 14-an intermediate shaft; 15-a support seat; 16-a pawl; 17-a first chain; 18-a second chain; 19-a coulter; 20-a saw blade; 21-a moldboard; 22-a cutter shaft; 23-a furrow opener; 24-press wheel; 25-mounting a rod; 26-adjusting the spring; 27-locking the nut.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The wheat seeder shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a frame 2 with a handrail 1, wherein the frame 2 is provided with a driving part 3 and a discharging hopper 4 for accommodating seeds, the bottom of the discharging hopper 4 is provided with a seeding mechanism, the front part of the frame 2 is provided with a furrow mechanism, the rear part of the frame 2 is provided with a travelling wheel 5, and the furrow mechanism and the travelling wheel 5 are driven by the driving part 3; and a clutch mechanism is arranged between the travelling wheel 5 and the sowing mechanism and used for sowing when the vehicle moves forward and stopping sowing when the vehicle moves backward. The wheat seeding is more convenient to be carried out in the field with small-area plots by a hand-held operation mode; the clutch mechanism is utilized to conveniently control the seeder to sow and retreat to stop seeding in the forward process.

As a preferable structure, as shown in fig. 4, the sowing mechanism includes a sowing box 6 and an impeller 7, the impeller 7 is disposed in the middle of the sowing box 6, the sowing box 6 is disposed at the bottom of the discharging hopper 4, an opening communicated with the sowing box 6 is disposed at the bottom of the discharging hopper 4, and a discharge hole facing the soil is disposed at the bottom of the sowing box 6; the number of the walking wheels 5 is two, the two walking wheels 5 are fixed on a transmission shaft 8 driven by the driving part 3, the middle part of the impeller 7 is fixed on a rotating shaft 9, and the rotating shaft 9 is parallel to the transmission shaft 8; the transmission shaft 8 and the rotating shaft 9 are connected with a clutch mechanism. In order to facilitate the sowing of a plurality of rows at one time, a plurality of sowing boxes can be arranged at intervals at the bottom of the blanking hopper, and when the driving part drives the travelling wheels to move forwards, the rotating shaft can be driven to rotate by the clutch mechanism, and wheat seeds are sown in the field under the driving of the impeller; meanwhile, the impeller can be used for preventing the seeds which are locally agglomerated from blocking the discharge hole.

As shown in figure 4, in order to avoid wheat seeds to be detained in the discharging hopper, a shell can be arranged outside the discharging hopper, the cross sections of the discharging hopper and the shell are in a trapezoid groove shape with a large top and a small bottom, the sowing box is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a spring is arranged between the bottom of the discharging hopper and the sowing box, and a flexible discharging pipe is arranged at a discharging port of the discharging hopper. The outer surface of the bottom of the discharging hopper is provided with a guide post, the spring is sleeved on the guide post, the bottom of the shell is open, and the peripheral side walls of the shell are fixed on the top wall of the sowing box; the guide posts are a plurality of, and the top wall all around of seeding box is run through at a plurality of guide post interval, and the spring sets up between the bottom of hopper and the top wall of seeding box down. Along with the frame is constantly vibrating at the in-process of advancing, the hopper aggravates under the spring action vibration down, makes things convenient for the wheat kind to fall to the seeding box in from the discharge gate fast, has avoided the wheat kind to extrude to be detained in hopper down.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 5-7, the clutch mechanism includes a ratchet 10, a pawl wheel 11, a first intermediate wheel 12, a second intermediate wheel 13 and an intermediate shaft 14 parallel to the transmission shaft 8, two ends of the intermediate shaft 14 are rotatably engaged with a supporting seat 15 fixed on the bottom surface of the frame 2, the intermediate shaft 14 is of a split structure, the ratchet 10 and the first intermediate wheel 12 are coaxially fixed and sleeved on one side of the intermediate shaft 14 through a needle bearing, the pawl wheel 11 and the second intermediate wheel 13 are coaxially fixed and sleeved on the other side of the intermediate shaft 14 through a needle bearing, a tooth shape is provided on an inner gear ring of the ratchet 10, two pawls 16 are provided on the pawl wheel 11, and the pawl wheel 11 is sleeved in the ratchet 10; the first intermediate wheel 12 is connected with the rotating shaft 9 through a first chain 17, and the second intermediate wheel 13 is connected with the transmission shaft 8 through a second chain 18. The ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel in fig. 5 are in a separated state, and in a specific use state, the ratchet wheel is sleeved outside the ratchet wheel, and the ratchet wheel are in tooth form interaction. When the walking wheel walks forwards, the transmission shaft drives the second intermediate wheel to rotate through the second chain, the pawl on the pawl wheel is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel and the first intermediate wheel are further driven to rotate, and the first intermediate wheel drives the rotating shaft and the impeller to rotate, so that the seeds are sowed. When the seeding box needs to retreat, the driving motor is stopped by the control switch, the walking wheels retreat by pulling the handrails, the transmission shaft, the second chain, the second intermediate wheel and the pawl wheel rotate reversely, the ratchet wheel, the first intermediate wheel, the rotating shaft and the impeller stop rotating, and seeds cannot scatter from the seeding box under the blocking effect of the impeller.

In a specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 8, the driver part 3 includes driving motor 30, speed reducer 31 and transaxle 32, driving motor 30's output shaft passes through synchronous belt drive furrow mechanism, driving motor 30's output shaft and speed reducer 31's input shaft are coaxial fixed, speed reducer 31's output shaft passes through transfer line 33 and links to each other with transaxle 32, two walking wheels 5 of transaxle 32 drive walk. The control switch 34 of the driving motor 30 is arranged on the handrail 1, so that the operation is convenient; two ends of the transmission rod 33 are respectively connected with the drive axle 32 and the output shaft of the speed reducer 31 through universal couplings 35. The driving motor is started through the control switch, so that the saw blade is driven to rotate at a high speed, and straws or weeds hung at the front end of the moldboard can be cut off; and simultaneously, the speed of the walking wheels is reduced by the speed reducer, and then the driving axle is driven by the transmission rod to move, so that the walking wheels are driven to move forwards. The structure of the drive axle is the same as that of the rear axle of the automobile, and the drive axle also plays roles in steering and running.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 9, the furrow mechanism includes a coulter 19 and a saw blade 20 for cutting straw or weeds, the coulter 19 is composed of two plow plates 21 with an acute included angle, the lower ends of the two plow plates 21 are fixed and the sharp angle is advanced, the middle parts of the front sides of the two plow plates 21 are provided with openings for accommodating the saw blade 20, and the upper ends of the two plow plates 21 are fixed on the frame; the saw blade 20 is fixed on a cutter shaft 22, and the cutter shaft 22 is connected with an output shaft of a driving motor 30 through synchronous belt transmission. The two ends of the cutter shaft are respectively matched with the plough plates on the two sides in a rotating mode, the output shafts of the cutter shaft and the driving motor are respectively and coaxially fixed with a synchronous belt wheel, the two synchronous belt wheels are connected through a synchronous belt, the saw blade is driven by the driving motor to rotate at a high speed, the plough coulter inevitably scrapes out straws or weeds mixed in soil in the ditching process, the straws or the weeds can be cut by the saw blade, and resistance increase caused by too many straws or weeds wound on the plough coulter is avoided.

Further optimizing the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a furrow opener 23 is arranged below the sowing box 6, the furrow opener 23 is in a hollow tubular shape, and the front part of the lower end of the furrow opener 23 is provided with a downward inclined sharp corner. The soil can be dug by the opener, the seeds falling along the soil can slide into the cave ditch along the inner hole of the opener, and the soil can cover the seeds subsequently in the advancing process.

In order to avoid covering the ventilative soil of seed, reduce soil moisture content, be equipped with press wheel 24 at the rear of furrow opener 23, press wheel 24 sets up on frame 2 through installation pole 25, frame 2 and adjusting spring 26 and the cooperation of lock nut 27 are run through in proper order to the upper end of installation pole 25, be equipped with adjusting spring 26 between lock nut 27 and the frame 2. Utilize the height of the adjustable press wheel of lock nut, and then the adjustment is to the degree of compaction of soil, avoids soil moisture to give off, ensures that the seed sprouts.

To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenient operation are swift, are particularly useful for the seeding of small area plot wheat. The utility model controls the movement of the frame and the sowing operation by means of the control switch on the handrail, evenly spreads seeds by the rotation of the impeller, opens holes along with soil by using the coulter, ensures that the seeds are buried in the soil by means of the furrow opener, avoids the soil from loosening by using the press wheel, and ensures the moisture required by seed germination; the purposes of forward seeding and backward seeding stopping of the walking wheels are realized by matching the ratchet wheel and the pawl wheel, and the waste of seeds is avoided.

In the above description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the one described herein, and those skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.

Claims

1. A wheat seeder which is characterized in that: the seed sowing machine comprises a rack with a handrail, wherein a driving part and a discharging hopper for accommodating seeds are arranged on the rack, a sowing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the discharging hopper, a furrow mechanism is arranged at the front part of the rack, traveling wheels are arranged at the rear part of the rack, and the furrow mechanism and the traveling wheels are driven by the driving part; and a clutch mechanism is arranged between the travelling wheel and the sowing mechanism and used for sowing when the travelling wheel moves forward and stopping sowing when the travelling wheel moves backward.

2. The wheat seeder of claim 1, wherein: the seeding mechanism comprises a seeding box and an impeller, the impeller is arranged in the middle of the seeding box, the seeding box is arranged at the bottom of a discharging hopper, an opening communicated with the seeding box is formed in the bottom of the discharging hopper, and a discharging hole facing soil is formed in the bottom of the seeding box; the two walking wheels are fixed on a transmission shaft driven by a driving part, the middle part of the impeller is fixed on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft and the rotating shaft are connected with a clutch mechanism.

3. The wheat seeder of claim 2, wherein: the clutch mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl wheel, a first intermediate wheel, a second intermediate wheel and an intermediate shaft parallel to the transmission shaft, wherein two ends of the intermediate shaft are rotationally matched with a supporting seat fixed on the bottom surface of the rack; the first intermediate wheel is connected with the rotating shaft through a first chain, and the second intermediate wheel is connected with the transmission shaft through a second chain.

4. The wheat seeder of claim 2, wherein: the drive assembly includes driving motor, speed reducer and transaxle, driving motor's output shaft passes through synchronous belt drive furrowing mechanism, driving motor's output shaft and the coaxial fixed of input shaft of speed reducer, the output shaft of speed reducer passes through the transfer line and links to each other with the transaxle, the walking of two walking wheels of transaxle drive.

5. Wheat seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the furrow mechanism comprises a coulter and a saw blade for cutting straws or weeds, the coulter consists of two plow plates with an acute included angle, the lower ends of the two plow plates are fixed, the sharp angle is advanced, the middle parts of the front sides of the two plow plates are provided with openings for containing the saw blade, and the upper ends of the two plow plates are fixed on the frame; the saw blade is fixed on the cutter shaft, and the cutter shaft is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor through synchronous belt transmission.

6. Wheat seeder according to any one of the claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: a furrow opener is arranged below the seeding box, the furrow opener is in a hollow tubular shape, and the front part of the lower end of the furrow opener is provided with a downward inclined sharp corner.

7. The wheat seeder of claim 6, wherein: the rear of furrow opener is equipped with the press wheel, the press wheel passes through the installation pole and sets up in the frame, the upper end of installation pole runs through the frame in proper order and adjusts spring and lock nut cooperation, be equipped with the adjustment spring between lock nut and the frame.