CN210242758U - Device for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and freeze-thaw displacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for measuring freeze thawing erosion frost heaving and freeze thawing displacement, which comprises a first standard pile and a transmission rod, wherein the first standard pile is provided with a steel wire, the steel wire is provided with a turn buckle, and the first standard pile is connected with a second standard pile through the steel wire; the inside upper end and the fixed part integrated into one piece of measuring a section of thick bamboo, and the lower extreme and the bobbin base integrated into one piece of measuring a section of thick bamboo, seted up second hole and third hole on the bobbin base portion simultaneously, seted up the spacing groove on the inside lateral wall of measuring a section of thick bamboo, the lower extreme of dead lever is pegged graft in measuring the ground, and has seted up the constant head tank on the dead lever, and the movable block sets up the upper end at the driving plate. The device for measuring the freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and the freeze-thaw displacement has the characteristics that the frost heaving amount and the relative displacement of a regional soil body can be measured, so that the construction of a regional engineering project is guided, corresponding protective measures are made according to the measured result and the actual requirement, and the service life of the construction project is prolonged.

Description

Device for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and freeze-thaw displacement

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a geotechnical measurement equipment science and technology technical field specifically is a device for measuring freeze thawing erosion frost heaving and freeze thawing displacement volume.

Background

In the seasonal frozen region and the permafrost region, along with the processes of frost heaving and thawing, soil bodies are subjected to periodic freeze-thaw cycling action year after year, soil body particles move down along the slope continuously, production construction projects are easily damaged, the freeze-thaw collapse phenomenon is generated, water and soil loss is accelerated, landscape harmony is influenced, the functions and the service life of the construction projects are influenced indirectly, and a mature device for measuring the freeze-thaw displacement amount does not exist in the market at present.

In seasonal frozen soil areas, the processes of frost heaving and thawing are repeated and alternated, and the volume of soil particles with large water content is changed into a shrinkage state from expansion. During frost heaving, the soil surface moves vertically upwards, and the dropping process changes irregularly during freeze thawing. The soil can slightly obliquely move when the freezing-thawing frost heaving cycle changes alternately every time. The soil body is subjected to periodic freeze-thaw cycling action year after year, the surface of the soil is continuously moved or inclined, and finally the freeze-thaw collapse phenomenon is caused.

At present, the device for measuring frost heaving and melting of soil is mainly electronic equipment, for example, CN203798314U discloses a device for measuring frost heaving displacement of frozen soil, which comprises a sample tank, a soil sample, a laser sensor, a sensor bracket, a sensor fixing draw rod, a zero mark fixing frame, a sensor fixing frame, a maximum range marking frame, a graduated scale, a bracket, a lead, a direct-current power supply, a data acquisition instrument and data acquisition software. CN107727685A discloses a self-balancing soil body frost heaving amount testing device, which is characterized in that four temperature measuring holes are reserved at corresponding height positions of the inner wall and the outer wall of a barrel along the height direction of the barrel body, a thermocouple temperature sensor buried in a soil body is connected with an external acquisition instrument through a lead, and a marking pen is used for recording the position of the other end of a spiral steel wire close to the bottom end of the barrel body. CN109781773A discloses a frozen swelling device of telescopic detection soil of layering, acquires the frozen swelling amount data of the frozen swelling layer that each measurement point is located at different periods of time through displacement sensor, gathers according to the frozen swelling amount data that each measurement point feedbacks and obtains the frozen swelling deformation condition of frozen soil in the test area. CN109738480A discloses a frost heaving device of on-spot comprehensive monitoring soil, it includes stand, coupling disc and a plurality of supporter, the stand is vertical to be set up, and the coupling disc can be dismantled and connect at the top of stand, and a plurality of supporters all set up on the coupling disc, and fixed mounting has at least one displacement sensor on every supporter, and the probe end of every displacement sensor corresponds and is provided with an anchor dish.

It can be seen that most of the devices for measuring soil frost heaving in the prior art need an external power supply to work, and in some areas which can not provide power supply, the devices can not work, and meanwhile, the devices for measuring frost heaving can not measure the freezing and thawing inclination value.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a technical problem lie in overcoming prior art's the soil body and stand year after year periodic freeze thawing cycle effect, and the soil body granule constantly moves down in the same direction as the slope, very easily destroys the production construction project, produces the freeze thawing slumping phenomenon, and water and soil loss accelerates, influence view harmony, indirectly influence the function and the life-span of construction project, the defect that comparatively ripe device is used for measuring the freeze thawing displacement volume still on the existing market, provide a device for measuring freeze thawing erosion frost heaving and freeze thawing displacement volume. The measuring plate, the measuring cylinder and the transmission plate have the characteristics that the frost heaving amount and the relative displacement of the soil body in the area can be measured, so that construction of engineering projects in the area can be guided, corresponding protective measures are made according to measured results and actual needs, and the service life of the construction projects is prolonged.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a device for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and freeze-thaw displacement comprises a first standard pile and a transmission rod, wherein a steel wire is installed on the first standard pile, a turn buckle is arranged on the steel wire, and the first standard pile is connected with a second standard pile through the steel wire; the upper end of the inside of the measuring cylinder is fixed with a fixing part, the lower end of the measuring cylinder is provided with a cylinder bottom, meanwhile, the cylinder bottom is provided with a second hole and a third hole, the side wall of the inside of the measuring cylinder is provided with a limiting groove, the lower end of a fixing rod is inserted into a measuring ground, the fixing rod is provided with a positioning groove, a moving block is arranged at the upper end of a transmission plate, the transmission plate is fixed with the moving block through a bolt, the left end of the fixing block is welded in a groove arranged at the right side of the moving block, a hole groove is formed in the moving block, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of; the left end of the recording pen is provided with a sliding block, two ends of a transmission plate are provided with limiting blocks through bolts, the transmission plate is provided with a second mounting plate and a fourth hole, and the transmission plate is mounted inside the measuring cylinder;

the upper end of the transmission rod is fixed with the transmission plate through a second mounting plate, the lower end of the transmission rod is fixed with the measuring plate through a first mounting plate, and the transmission rod is arranged between the transmission plate and the measuring plate; first hole has been seted up at the measuring plate middle part, and the upper end of measuring the board is provided with first mounting panel, and the movable block is inside and locating piece integrated into one piece, and the draw-in groove has been seted up to measuring section of thick bamboo inside, and the scale paper pastes in the inside of draw-in groove.

Preferably, the first standard pile and the second standard pile are in parallel relation, and the first standard pile and the second standard pile are both cylindrical structures with conical bottoms and made of reinforcing steel bars with the length of 2 m.

Preferably, the measuring cylinder is of a hollow cylindrical structure made of galvanized iron sheet, the limiting grooves are arranged into four groups along the inner wall of the measuring cylinder, and the distance between every two adjacent limiting grooves is equal.

Preferably, the fixing rod is a structure with a square cross section and made of steel bars, the upper end of the fixing rod is inserted into the fixing part, and the fixing rod and the recording pen are in a vertical relation.

Preferably, the moving blocks and the transmission plate form a T shape, the limiting blocks are arranged into four groups along the circumferential direction of the transmission plate, the angle between every two adjacent groups of limiting blocks is 90 degrees, and the sliding blocks are connected inside the sliding grooves in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the limiting groove is matched with the limiting block in size, the limiting groove and the limiting block are both in a dovetail shape, and the limiting block is connected inside the limiting groove in a sliding manner; the moving block is connected in the positioning groove in a sliding mode through the positioning block.

Preferably, the transmission rods are arranged into three groups, and the three groups of transmission rods penetrate through the three groups of second holes on the surface of the bottom of the cylinder; the upper end of the transmission rod is fixed with the second mounting plate through a bolt, the second mounting plate is welded at the bottom of the transmission plate, the lower end of the transmission rod is fixed with the first mounting plate through a bolt, and the first mounting plate is welded on the upper surface of the measuring plate.

Preferably, the first hole, the third hole and the fourth hole are all arranged in a square shape, the sizes of the first hole, the third hole and the fourth hole are consistent, and the sizes of the three groups of holes are larger than the size of the cross section of the fixing rod.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the length of the first standard pile is properly adjusted according to the depth of frozen soil, a mark is made at the top position of the standard pile for fixing on a permafrost layer and serving as a reference pile, a measuring cylinder is arranged close to the standard pile, and the distance between the reference pile and the mark of the measuring cylinder is recorded before each measurement so as to measure and calculate the freeze-thaw displacement;

2. when the ground subsidence is measured, the measuring plate moves downwards, the measuring plate drives the transmission plate to move downwards through the transmission rod, the recording pen on the moving block lines on the scale paper and is used for recording and measuring the height of the subsidence of the ground, and the transmission plate is connected in the scale paper in the measuring cylinder in a sliding mode through the limiting block on the side face of the transmission plate so as to limit and guide the transmission plate;

3. the frost heaving amount and the relative displacement of the soil body in the area can be measured through the first standard pile, the second standard pile and the measuring cylinder, so that construction of engineering projects in the area is guided, corresponding protective measures are made according to measured results and actual needs, and the service life of the construction projects is prolonged.

4. In some areas with high soil water content, soil erosion is serious, freezing and thawing frost heaving phenomena occur alternately due to large day-night temperature difference, and the non-single freezing and thawing or frost heaving phenomena are particularly prominent; the device can comprehensively explore the alternating variation trend of freeze thawing and frost heaving of soil, and provides convenient and fast equipment for scientific research work.

5. In areas where frost heaving and freeze thawing are repeatedly carried out, the soil erosion phenomenon is particularly serious, scientific research personnel cannot carry out single research on the frost heaving phenomenon, and the device for measuring the frost heaving and freeze thawing can monitor the alternate variation trend of the frost heaving and freeze thawing at multiple angles simultaneously, so that accurate and reliable data basis is provided for water and soil conservation research.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fixing block structure of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of the structure moving block of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structural fixing part of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission plate of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an expansion schematic view of the structure measuring cylinder of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a first standard pile; 2. a measuring cylinder; 3. a fixed part; 4. a piece of graduated paper; 5. Fixing the rod; 6. a moving block; 7. a stylus pen; 8. a fixed block; 9. a limiting groove; 10. a transmission rod; 11. measuring the ground; 12. a second standard pile; 13. measuring a plate; 14. the bottom of the cylinder; 15. Positioning a groove; 16. a limiting block; 17. a drive plate; 18. a turn buckle; 19. a steel wire; 20. A hole groove; 21. a slider; 22. a chute; 23. positioning blocks; 24. a first mounting plate; 25. a first hole; 26. a second hole; 27. a third hole; 28. a second mounting plate; 29. a fourth hole; 30. a card slot; 31. compressing the spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a device for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and freeze-thaw displacement comprises a first standard pile 1 and a transmission rod 10, wherein a steel wire 19 is installed on the first standard pile 1, a turn buckle 18 is arranged on the steel wire 19, and the first standard pile 1 is connected with a second standard pile 12 through the steel wire 19; the first standard pile 1 and the second standard pile 12 are in a parallel relation, and the first standard pile 1 and the second standard pile 12 are both cylindrical structures with conical bottoms made of reinforcing steel bars with the length of 2 m; the upper end of the inside of the measuring cylinder 2 is fixed with a fixing part 3, the lower end of the measuring cylinder 2 is provided with a cylinder bottom 14, meanwhile, the cylinder bottom 14 is provided with a second hole 26 and a third hole 27, the side wall of the inside of the measuring cylinder 2 is provided with a limiting groove 9, the limiting groove 9 is matched with the size of the limiting block 16, the limiting groove 9 and the limiting block 16 are both in a dovetail shape, and meanwhile, the limiting block 16 is connected in the limiting groove 9 in a sliding mode; the moving block 6 is connected in the positioning groove 15 in a sliding manner through a positioning block 23; the measuring cylinder 2 is of a hollow cylindrical structure made of galvanized iron sheet, the limiting grooves 9 are arranged into four groups along the inner wall of the measuring cylinder 2, and the distances between two adjacent groups of limiting grooves 9 are equal; the lower end of the fixed rod 5 is inserted into the measuring ground 11, the fixed rod 5 is provided with a positioning groove 15, the fixed rod 5 is of a structure with a square section made of steel bars, the upper end of the fixed rod 5 is inserted into the fixing part 3, and the fixed rod 5 and the recording pen 7 are in a vertical relation; the moving block 6 is arranged at the upper end of the transmission plate 17, the transmission plate 17 is fixed with the moving block 6 through a bolt, the left end of the fixed block 8 is welded in a groove arranged at the right side of the moving block 6, a hole groove 20 is formed in the moving block 6, a sliding groove 22 is formed in the side wall of the fixed block 8, and a compression spring 31 is arranged in the fixed block 8; the left end of the recording pen 7 is provided with a sliding block 21, two ends of a transmission plate 17 are provided with limit blocks 16 through bolts, the transmission plate 17 is provided with a second mounting plate 28 and a fourth hole 29, and the transmission plate 17 is mounted inside the measuring cylinder 2; the moving block 6 and the transmission plate 17 form a T shape, the limiting blocks 16 are arranged into four groups along the circumferential direction of the transmission plate 17, meanwhile, the angle between every two adjacent groups of limiting blocks 16 is 90 degrees, and the sliding block 21 is connected in the sliding groove 22 in a sliding mode; the transmission rods 10 are arranged in three groups, and the three groups of transmission rods 10 are arranged through the three groups of second holes 26 on the surface of the barrel bottom 14; the upper end of the transmission rod 10 is fixed with the second mounting plate 28 through a bolt, the second mounting plate 28 is welded at the bottom of the transmission plate 17, the lower end of the transmission rod 10 is fixed with the first mounting plate 24 through a bolt, and the first mounting plate 24 is welded on the upper surface of the measuring plate 13; the upper end of the transmission rod 10 is fixed with the transmission plate 17 through a second mounting plate 28, the lower end of the transmission rod 10 is fixed with the measurement plate 13 through a first mounting plate 24, and meanwhile, the transmission rod 10 is arranged between the transmission plate 17 and the measurement plate 13; a first hole 25 is formed in the middle of the measuring plate 13, a first mounting plate 24 is arranged at the upper end of the measuring plate 13, the inside of the moving block 6 and the positioning block 23 are integrally formed, a clamping groove 30 is formed in the measuring cylinder 2, and the scale paper 4 is adhered to the inside of the clamping groove 30; the first hole 25, the third hole 27 and the fourth hole 29 are all arranged in a square shape, the sizes of the first hole 25, the third hole 27 and the fourth hole 29 are consistent, and the sizes of the three groups of holes are larger than the cross section size of the fixing rod 5;

as shown in fig. 1-6: when the measuring ground 11 sinks, the measuring plate 13 moves downwards, the measuring plate 13 drives the transmission plate 17 to move downwards through the transmission rod 10, the recording pen 7 on the moving block 6 marks on the scale paper 4 and is used for recording the height of the measuring ground 11 sinking, and the transmission plate 17 is connected in the scale paper 4 in the measuring cylinder 2 in a sliding mode through the limiting block 16 on the side face of the transmission plate 17 to limit and guide the transmission plate 17;

as shown in fig. 1: the length of the first standard pile 1 is properly adjusted according to the depth of frozen soil, a mark is made at the top position of the standard pile for fixing on a permafrost layer and serving as a reference pile, the measuring cylinder 2 is arranged close to the standard pile, the distance between the reference pile and the mark of the measuring cylinder 2 is recorded before each measurement, and the freeze-thaw displacement is measured and calculated.

When the device for measuring the freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and the freeze-thaw displacement is used, a relatively flat plane is selected in a measuring place, the measuring plate 13 is tiled on the ground and is attached to the ground tightly, the fixing rod 5 penetrates through the vertical slope of the measuring plate 13 and is fixed in the measuring ground 11, the measuring cylinder 2 is placed on the fixing rod 5, the first standard pile 1 and the second standard pile 12 are respectively fixed on the vertical slopes on the two sides of the measuring cylinder 2 and are connected in a tensioned mode through the steel wire 19, marking points are respectively arranged on the measuring cylinder 2 and the steel wire 19, the distance between the top point of the standard pile, the marking point of the steel wire 19 and the marking point on the measuring cylinder 2 and the relative height difference between the steel wire 19 and the measuring cylinder are measured, after a natural year, the three data are measured again, the length of a trace drawn on the recording pen 7 is read by taking out the scale paper 4, and the; calculating the height difference and the distance difference before and after the freeze thawing displacement; this is the entire process of operation of the apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A device for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heaving and freeze-thaw displacement amount comprises a first standard pile (1) and a transmission rod (10), and is characterized in that: a steel wire (19) is installed on the first standard pile (1), a turn buckle (18) is arranged on the steel wire (19), and the first standard pile (1) is connected with the second standard pile (12) through the steel wire (19); the upper end of the inside of the measuring barrel (2) is fixed with a fixing part (3), the lower end of the measuring barrel (2) is provided with a barrel bottom part (14), meanwhile, the barrel bottom part (14) is provided with a second hole (26) and a third hole (27), the side wall of the inside of the measuring barrel (2) is provided with a limiting groove (9), the lower end of a fixing rod (5) is inserted into a measuring ground (11), the fixing rod (5) is provided with a positioning groove (15), a moving block (6) is arranged at the upper end of a transmission plate (17), the transmission plate (17) is fixed with the moving block (6) through a bolt, the left end of the fixing block (8) is welded in a groove arranged on the right side of the moving block (6), a hole groove (20) is formed in the moving block (6), the side wall of the fixing block (8) is provided with a sliding groove (22), and a; a sliding block (21) is arranged at the left end of the recording pen (7), two ends of a transmission plate (17) are provided with limiting blocks (16) through bolts, a second mounting plate (28) and a fourth hole (29) are arranged on the transmission plate (17), and the transmission plate (17) is mounted inside the measuring cylinder (2); the upper end of the transmission rod (10) is fixed with the transmission plate (17) through a second mounting plate (28), the lower end of the transmission rod (10) is fixed with the measuring plate (13) through a first mounting plate (24), and meanwhile the transmission rod (10) is arranged between the transmission plate (17) and the measuring plate (13); the middle of the measuring plate (13) is provided with a first hole (25), the upper end of the measuring plate (13) is provided with a first mounting plate (24), the inside of the moving block (6) and the positioning block (23) are integrally formed, the inside of the measuring cylinder (2) is provided with a clamping groove (30), and the scale paper (4) is adhered to the inside of the clamping groove (30).

2. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the first standard pile (1) and the second standard pile (12) are in parallel relation, and the first standard pile (1) and the second standard pile (12) are both cylindrical structures with conical bottoms and made of steel bars with the length of 2 m.

3. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring cylinder (2) is of a hollow cylindrical structure made of galvanized iron sheet, the limiting grooves (9) are arranged into four groups along the inner wall of the measuring cylinder (2), and the distances between every two adjacent limiting grooves (9) are equal.

4. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing rod (5) is of a structure with a square cross section and made of steel bars, the upper end of the fixing rod (5) is inserted into the fixing part (3), and meanwhile the fixing rod (5) and the recording pen (7) are in a vertical relation.

5. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the moving blocks (6) and the transmission plate (17) form a T shape, the limiting blocks (16) are arranged into four groups along the circumferential position of the transmission plate (17), the angle between every two adjacent groups of limiting blocks (16) is 90 degrees, and the sliding blocks (21) are connected inside the sliding grooves (22) in a sliding mode.

6. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the size of the limiting groove (9) is matched with that of the limiting block (16), the limiting groove (9) and the limiting block (16) are both in a dovetail shape, and the limiting block (16) is connected inside the limiting groove (9) in a sliding mode; the moving block (6) is connected in a sliding way inside the positioning groove (15) through a positioning block (23).

7. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission rods (10) are arranged into three groups, and the three groups of transmission rods (10) penetrate through the three groups of second holes (26) on the surface of the cylinder bottom (14); the upper end of the transmission rod (10) is fixed with the second mounting plate (28) through a bolt, the second mounting plate (28) is welded at the bottom of the transmission plate (17), the lower end of the transmission rod (10) is fixed with the first mounting plate (24) through a bolt, and the first mounting plate (24) is welded on the upper surface of the measuring plate (13).

8. The apparatus for measuring freeze-thaw erosion frost heave and freeze-thaw displacement amount according to claim 1, wherein: first hole (25), third hole (27) and fourth hole (29) are square setting, and the size of first hole (25), third hole (27) and fourth hole (29) is unanimous, and the size of three group's holes is greater than the cross section size of dead lever (5) simultaneously.

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