CN210217903U - Pulse turbocharger for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automobile-used pulse turbo charger relates to automobile parts technical field, has solved current turbo charger's scheme, and the pressure boost dynamics that the pulse of dispersion brought is limited, and dynamic nature promotes the not big problem of potentiality. The compressor comprises a turbine shell, a linkage shaft and a compressor shell, wherein two ends of the linkage shaft respectively extend into the turbine shell and the compressor shell; the turbine casing outside is equipped with the waste gas export, and turbine casing still communicates has a plurality of vortex group as waste gas import, and every vortex group includes the vortex of a plurality of adjacent placements. The exhaust gas pulse energy collection device has the advantages that more scroll pipes are integrated into the single turbocharger, exhaust gas pulse energy is collected more effectively, and meanwhile exhaust interference is avoided, so that the effects of low-rotating-speed turbine response, high-rotating-speed dynamic performance and exhaust fluency are met simultaneously.

Description

Pulse turbocharger for vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile parts technical field, in particular to automobile-used pulse turbo charger.

Background

With stricter emission regulations and continuous pursuit of engine dynamic performance, turbochargers with improved engine thermal efficiency and dynamic performance are applied more and more widely.

In the prior art, the turbocharger has two types, namely constant-pressure supercharging and pulse supercharging, the former has not wide application due to overhigh starting rotating speed and serious delay, and the latter utilizes exhaust pulses to drive the turbine to operate, so that compared with the constant-pressure supercharging, the turbocharger has lower starting rotating speed, quicker response and higher exhaust energy utilization rate, and is widely applied to mass production vehicles.

The pulse supercharging needs to utilize the pulse energy generated at the moment when the exhaust valve of the cylinder is opened to push the turbine, so the diameter of the exhaust manifold cannot be too large, and the exhaust advance angle and the opening frequency of the exhaust valve at high rotating speed are increased, so if the exhaust gas of a plurality of cylinders is connected into the same turbocharger, the pulses generated by the exhaust gas of each cylinder are overlapped. In this case, the exhaust pulse of one cylinder affects the exhaust of the other cylinders, which lowers fuel economy to some extent.

Due to the characteristics of the pulse supercharger, if the regulation of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine carrying the pulse supercharger is heavier than the low rotating speed response speed, the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine cannot have too high rotating speed, so that the dynamic property of the turbocharged engine is limited to a certain extent, and the design purpose of the turbocharger is not met; if the training is more focused on stable output under the working condition of high rotating speed, faster response under the working condition of low rotating speed cannot be realized, and the improvement of fuel economy is not facilitated.

In the prior art, an engine with a large number of cylinders generally adopts a scheme of a plurality of turbochargers, and although the scheme disperses exhaust pulses and avoids exhaust interference, the supercharging strength caused by the dispersed pulses is limited, and the dynamic promotion potential is not large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an automobile-used pulse turbo charger, through to the integrated more scroll of single turbo charger, and collect waste gas pulse energy more effectively, avoid the exhaust to interfere simultaneously to satisfy low rotational speed turbine response, high rotational speed dynamic nature and exhaust fluency nature simultaneously.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a pulse turbocharger for a vehicle comprises a turbine shell, a linkage shaft and a compressor shell, wherein two ends of the linkage shaft respectively extend into the turbine shell and the compressor shell; the turbine shell is characterized in that a waste gas outlet is formed in the outer side of the turbine shell, the turbine shell is further communicated with a plurality of vortex groups serving as waste gas inlets, and each vortex group comprises a plurality of adjacently arranged vortex pipes.

Further, the scroll group is provided with two.

Furthermore, the two vortex tube groups are arranged in a central symmetry mode.

Furthermore, the outer end of the scroll is connected with the exhaust manifold or the extension pipe of the exhaust manifold, and the inner end of the scroll faces to the tangential direction of the excircle of the turbine.

Furthermore, a plurality of speed regulating blades distributed on the periphery of the turbine are rotatably connected in the turbine shell, and the intersection points of the extension lines of the adjacent speed regulating blades are positioned on the extension lines of the inner ends of the speed regulating blades.

Further, the speed regulation blade is controlled to rotate by a servo motor.

Furthermore, the speed regulation blade comprises a half-open state and a full-open state, and when the speed regulation blade is in the half-open state, the extension lines of the speed regulation blade are tangent to the excircle of the turbine; when the turbine is fully opened, one end of the speed regulation blade is abutted to the outer circle of the turbine or the other end of the speed regulation blade is abutted to the inner circumferential surface of the turbine shell.

To sum up, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the turbine shell is provided with four independent channels of scroll pipes, when waste gas passes through different scroll pipes, the interference phenomenon can not occur, the ends of the four scroll pipes are all led to the tangential direction of the turbine running direction, the waste gas flows through the speed regulating blades and is gathered on the turbine, the exhaust pulse energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the turbine, the kinetic energy of the turbine is transmitted to the impeller of the gas compressor through the coupling shaft, so that the impeller rotates to compress the air in the gas inlet pipeline, and the supercharging effect is achieved;

the turbine group is centrosymmetric and can greatly reduce exhaust interference, the speed regulation blade group with adjustable opening can control the flow rate of waste gas near the turbine within a certain range, the low-rotation response speed and the high-rotation power of the turbine are improved, the structure of the turbine group is more reasonable, and the turbine group can simultaneously meet the requirements of low-rotation-speed turbine response, high-rotation-speed dynamic performance and exhaust fluency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a turbine section of a pulse turbocharger for a vehicle under low speed conditions;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a turbine section of a pulse turbocharger for a vehicle under high speed conditions;

FIG. 4 is a schematic exhaust pulse diagram for a first cylinder of an eight cylinder engine;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of exhaust pulses for an eight cylinder engine with all eight cylinders;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of exhaust pulse overlap for an eight cylinder engine operating with conventional single turbo charging;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of exhaust pulses of a scroll when an eight-cylinder engine passes through the single turbocharging scheme provided by the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a turbine casing; 11. a scroll; 111. a first scroll; 112. a second scroll; 113. a third scroll; 114. a fourth scroll; 2. a compressor housing; 3. a linkage shaft; 4. a turbine; 5. speed regulation blade.

Detailed Description

The following description will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

A pulse turbocharger for a vehicle is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a turbine shell 1, a linkage shaft 3 and a compressor shell 2 which are coaxially arranged, wherein two ends of the linkage shaft 3 respectively extend into the turbine shell 1 and the compressor shell 2, one end, extending into the turbine shell 1, of the linkage shaft 3 is sleeved with a turbine 4, and one end, extending into the compressor shell 2, of the linkage shaft 3 is sleeved with an impeller; the outer side of the turbine shell 1 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, the turbine shell 1 is also communicated with a plurality of scroll groups used as exhaust gas inlets, and each scroll group comprises a plurality of adjacently arranged scrolls 11.

In this embodiment, two scroll groups are provided, the two scroll groups are arranged in central symmetry, each scroll group includes two adjacent scrolls 11, and the scroll group is divided into the two scrolls 11 by the partition plate in the middle.

As shown in fig. 2, the scroll 11 is connected at its outer end to the exhaust manifold or an extension of the exhaust manifold, and at its inner end to the tangential direction of the outer circle of the turbine 4.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of speed regulation blades 5 distributed on the periphery of the turbine 4 are rotatably connected in the turbine casing 1, the speed regulation blades 5 are distributed in a circumferential array around the center of the circle of the turbine 4 along the direction in which the exhaust gas enters the turbine 4 from the corresponding scroll 11, and the intersection points of the extension lines of the adjacent speed regulation blades 5 are all located on the extension lines of the inner ends of the speed regulation blades 5; the speed regulation blade 5 is controlled by the servo motor to rotate, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a driving gear, the middle part of the speed regulation blade 5 is connected with a rotating shaft, the end part of the rotating shaft is connected with an adjusting gear meshed with the driving gear, and the diameters of all the adjusting gears are equal.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the speed regulation blade 5 includes a half-open state and a full-open state, and when the speed regulation blade is half-open, extension lines of the speed regulation blade 5 are tangent to an excircle of the turbine 4; when fully opened, one end of the speed regulation blade 5 abuts against the outer circle of the turbine 4 and the other end abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the turbine casing 1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the engine speed is low, the governor blade 57 is half-opened to reduce the cross section in the exhaust gas flow direction, increase the flow speed of the exhaust gas around the turbine 4, maintain the turbine 4 in high-speed rotation, further increase the response speed thereof, and reduce the starting speed. As shown in fig. 3, when the engine speed is high, the governor blade 57 is fully opened, which increases the cross section in the exhaust gas flow direction, reduces the exhaust resistance, and further improves the supercharging effect to increase the power output.

When the utility model is applied to the single-turbine supercharging scheme of the four-cylinder engine, each scroll is connected with an exhaust manifold or an extension pipeline of the exhaust manifold, and the turbocharger is arranged at the exhaust side;

when the turbocharger is applied to a single-turbine supercharging scheme of a V-type eight-cylinder or twelve-cylinder engine, each scroll is connected with two or three exhaust manifolds or extension pipelines of the exhaust manifolds, and the turbocharger is arranged in the middle part of the engine;

when the turbocharger is suitable for a double-turbine supercharging scheme of a V-type eight-cylinder engine or a sixteen-cylinder engine, each vortex pipe is connected with one or two exhaust manifolds or extension pipelines of the exhaust manifolds, and the turbochargers are arranged on two sides of the engine;

when the engine multi-turbine supercharging device is suitable for eight cylinders with symmetrical layout of V-shaped cylinders, W-shaped cylinders and other cylinders or other engine multi-turbine supercharging schemes with the number of cylinders being multiples of 4, each turbine is connected with 1 to 3 exhaust manifolds or extension pipelines of the exhaust manifolds with the same number according to the number of the turbochargers and the layout forms of the cylinders, and the turbochargers are arranged on two sides and corresponding spaces of the middle part of the engine.

As shown in fig. 3, the turbine casing 1 is communicated with 4 scroll pipes 11 along the circumferential direction, which are respectively a first scroll pipe 111, a second scroll pipe 112, a third scroll pipe 113 and a fourth scroll pipe 114 in sequence, wherein the first scroll pipe 111 and the second scroll pipe 112 are the same scroll group, and the third scroll pipe 113 and the fourth scroll pipe 114 are the same scroll group.

Taking the single turbocharging scheme of an eight-cylinder engine as an example, assuming that the engine ignition sequence is 1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2, and 1 cylinder exhaust pulse is shown in fig. 4, then all 8 cylinder exhaust pulses are shown in fig. 5. When the supercharging is performed by the conventional single-scroll turbocharger, the pulses are superimposed as shown in fig. 6. When the pulse turbocharger for the vehicle is used for supercharging, cylinders 1 and 6 of the engine are connected with the scroll 111, cylinders 5 and 3 are connected with the scroll 113, cylinders 4 and 7 are connected with the scroll 112, and cylinders 8 and 2 are connected with the scroll 114, exhaust pulses in the scroll 111 are shown in fig. 7.

Compare fig. 6 and fig. 7, it is easy to find and compare in traditional single scroll turbo charger's single turbocharging scheme, the utility model discloses can better utilize each jar exhaust pulse energy and effectively avoid the exhaust interference phenomenon, owing to better utilized each jar exhaust pulse, the utility model discloses a response is also higher than traditional single scroll turbo charger, because the pulse energy of more usable cylinders, so compare with two turbocharging schemes, if will reach the same boost pressure, the utility model discloses turbine speed is lower, consequently the utility model discloses can make engine speed higher, power output is bigger.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A vehicular pulse turbocharger characterized in that: the compressor comprises a turbine shell (1), a linkage shaft (3) and a compressor shell (2), wherein two ends of the linkage shaft (3) respectively extend into the turbine shell (1) and the compressor shell (2), a turbine (4) is sleeved at one end of the linkage shaft (3) extending into the turbine shell (1), and an impeller is sleeved at one end of the linkage shaft (3) extending into the compressor shell (2); the turbine shell (1) is provided with a waste gas outlet on the outer side, the turbine shell (1) is also communicated with a plurality of vortex tube groups used as waste gas inlets, and each vortex tube group comprises a plurality of vortex tubes (11) which are adjacently arranged.

2. The pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the scroll group is provided with two.

3. The pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the two vortex tube sets are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner.

4. A pulse turbocharger for vehicles according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the outer end of the scroll (11) is connected with the exhaust manifold or an extension pipeline of the exhaust manifold, and the inner end of the scroll faces to the tangential direction of the excircle of the turbine (4).

5. The pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the turbine shell (1) is rotatably connected with a plurality of speed regulation blades (5) distributed on the periphery of the turbine (4), and the intersection points of the extension lines of the adjacent speed regulation blades (5) are all located on the extension lines of the inner ends of the speed regulation blades (5).

6. The pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: the speed regulation blade (5) is controlled by a servo motor to rotate.

7. The pulse turbocharger for a vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the speed regulation blades (5) comprise a half-open state and a full-open state, and extension lines of the speed regulation blades (5) are tangent to the excircle of the turbine (4) when the speed regulation blades are in the half-open state; when the turbine is fully opened, one end of the speed regulation blade (5) is abutted against the outer circle of the turbine (4) or the other end thereof is abutted against the inner circumferential surface of the turbine shell (1).

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